(完整版)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
(完整)介词加关系代词引导的定语从句
“介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。
例如：The man who/whom /that you spoke to is a teacher。
=The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.一、基本构成1.“介词+关系代词"结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which(指物）或whom（指人），即：介词+which/whom。
（1）The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.（2）The city in which she lives is far away.（3)The little girl is reading a book，in which there are many cartoons.注意：当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。
2.在限制性定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用that/which(指物）；that/who/whom （指人）作介词的宾语.且此处关系代词可以省略，特别是在口语中。
如：（1) The man (who/whom /that )you spoke to is a teacher.（2）The city（which/that）she lives in is far away.注：通常介词放在定语从句中动词后，也可以放在关系代词前面，但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分,介词只能放在动词后,如: look for， look after， pay attention to ，take care of ， look forward to, listen to等。
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句_
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句_介词+关系代词引导的定语从句介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，关系代词常用 which （指物） whom(指人），即介词+which/whom。
1.当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词which或whom不能省略。
He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of which had t been cleaned for at least a year.他付给那个男孩10美元擦洗10扇窗户，这10扇窗户中大部分至少一年没擦了。
In the dark street, there wasn t a single person to whom she couid turn.在黑暗的街道上,她没有一个可以求助的人。
定语从句中，当介词位于定语从句的末 which (指物），that/whom/who (指人）作介词的宾语，而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。
This is the hero that/who/whom/(可省略) we are proud of.这是我们引以为荣的那个英雄。
This is the pen that/which/(可省略) I I wrote the letter with.这是我写信时用的那支钢笔。
【温馨提示】①有些动词+介词的固定词组不可把介词置于关系代词前。
这就是我正在找的磁带。
[误]This is the right tape for which I m looking, [正]This is the right tape that I m looking for.②常见的不可拆开的动词词组有：care for 喜欢,关心deal with 处理，对付get through 通过;到达;接通电话hear from/of 收到某人的来信/听说look for/after寻找/照顾send for派人去请see to照管，料理3.复合介词短语+关系代词which 引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开，定语从句常用倒装语序。
考点18＂介词+关系代词＂引导的定语从句
考点18＂介词＋关系代词＂引导的定语从句高考频度：★★★☆☆考向一＂介词+关系代词＂引导的定语从句●＂介词＋关系代词＂的用法当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用＂介词＋关系代词＂引导定语从句。
如果指＂人＂，用＂介词＋whom＂；如果指＂物＂，用＂介词＋which＂。
●＂介词＋关系代词＂结构中介词的选用1.一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：①先行词的意义；②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；③句子的意思。
☞I’ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood i n the country.我永远不会忘记孩童时代我在乡村度过的时光。
2.表示＂整体和部分关系＂，介词常用of。
在some，any，few，none，all，both，neither，most，each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom。
☞John invited about 40 people to his wedding，most of whom are family members.约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。
3.有时＂介词＋where＂可以引导定语从句，此时要和＂介词＋which＂引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
☞His head soon appeared out of the window，from where he saw nothing but trees.他的头很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。
(from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window)●在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如look after, look for等。
●＂of which / whom＂有时可以用＂whose＋名词＂结构来改写。
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，用于修饰先行词，在句中作定语。
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。
以下是关于介词加关系代词引导的定语从句的详细介绍：
- 如果指“人”，用“介词+whom”。
如：I’ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country. 我永远不会忘记孩童时代我在乡村度过的时光。
- 如果指“物”，用“介词+which”。
如：The little girl is reading a book in which there are many pictures. 那个小女孩正在读一本书，书中有很多图画。
确定介词时，可以从以下三方面入手：
- 先行词的意义；
- 从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；
- 句子的意思。
在使用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，需要注意不同介词的用法和含义，以确保句子的准确性和流畅性。
介词+关系词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句介词加关系代词引导的定语从句要注意以下几点：1．“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which（指物）和whom （指人），即：介词+which/whom。
不能用that 和who。
.This is the teacher from whom we’ve learned a lot. 这就是从他那里我们学了很多东西的老师。
Great changes have taken place in the city in which we live. 我们所居住的城市发生了巨大的变化。
2．有时介词也可放在从句的末尾，这时关系代词可用which/that(指物)，who/whom/that（指人），也可以省略。
. The situation (which/that ) we had got into was very dangerous. 我们当时的处境很危险。
The man (whom/who/that) you were talking to just now is my English teacher. 你刚刚和他谈话的那个人是我的英语老师。
3．当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配，不可分割时，那么动词短语中的介词不能前置。
.This is the pen which I’m looking for. 这是我正在找的那支钢笔。
不能写成：This is the pen for which I’m looking.4．定语从句也可由“名词/代词/数词+介词+which/whom”引出。
. That old man has two sons, one of whom is a doctor. 那个老人有两个儿子，其中一个是医生。
The house, the windows of which ( = whose windows = of which the windows) were damaged, has now been repaired. 窗子遭破坏的那栋房子现在已经修好了。
定语从句介词加关系代词用法
定语从句介词加关系代词用法在定语从句中，介词加关系代词的用法如下：1.关系代词在介词前：当关系代词作为定语从句的主语时，介词通常放在关系代词的前面。
例如：- The man whom I spoke to is my boss.（我与之交谈的那个人是我的老板。
）- The book that I am looking for is on the table.（我要找的那本书在桌子上。
）2.关系代词在介词后：当关系代词作为定语从句的宾语时，介词通常放在关系代词的后面。
例如：- The house which he lives in is very old.（他住在的那栋房子很旧。
）- The car that she is interested in is not available.（她感兴趣的那辆车不可用。
）需要注意的是，当介词后的关系代词是which时，可以省略介词。
例如：- The city which I was born in is famous for its architecture.（我出生的那座城市以其建筑而闻名。
）- The city I was born in is famous for its architecture.（我出生的那座城市以其建筑而闻名。
）同时，也可以通过适当拓展定语从句来提供更多信息：- The man whom I spoke to yesterday, in the cafe near my office, is my boss.（昨天我在我办公室附近的咖啡馆里与之交谈的那个人是我的老板。
）- The book that I am looking for, which is a bestseller,is on the table.（我正在找的那本畅销书就在桌子上。
）。
定语从句介词+关系代词_关系副词
一、介词+关系代词引导定语从句情况1
The man The city
whom you spoke to was a scientist. which she lives in is far away.
介词+关系代词的情况 2
Are these two sentences right?
5. This is the hero of whom we are proud.
6. There are three things a_b_o_u_t w__hi_ch_ she is not sure.
6. My glasses, without whichI can’t see, were lost yesterday.
whom I am looking after is ×
在短语动词中介词不能提前
介词﹢which/ whom 引导的定语从句: 介词的选取原则是“一先，二从，三意义” ，即:
(1)一看先行词； (2)二看定语从句中的v./adj；
(3)三看整句话的含义。
介词+关系代词的情况 练习 1. I will never forget the day _on__w_h_ic_h we studied
a red flag.
•
•
4. The dog, ________ she used to be afraid, is
her favourite animal now.
•
•
5. In the office I never seem to have time until
after 5:30 p.m. ________ time many people have
高中英语语法：介词加关系代词引导的定语从句
高中英语语法“介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。
例如：The man who/whom /that you spoke to is a teacher.=The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.一、基本构成1.“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom(指人) ，即：介词+which/whom。
（1）The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.（2）The city in which she lives is far away.（3）The little girl is reading a book,in which there are many cartoons.注意：当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。
2.在限制性定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用that/which(指物)；that/who/whom（指人）作介词的宾语.且此处关系代词可以省略，特别是在口语中。
如：（1) The man (who/whom /that )you spoke to is a teacher.（2）The city（which/that）she lives in is far away.注：通常介词放在定语从句中动词后，也可以放在关系代词前面，但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分，介词只能放在动词后，如：look for, look after, pay attention to ,take care of , look forward to, listen to等。
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“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
请同学们先看下面的高考题：
1. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose. (2007 重庆卷)
A. with which
B. to which
C. of which
D. for which
2. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______ effects the people are still suffering. (2005 天津卷)
A. that
B. whose
C. those
D. what
3. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ______ she had come. (2006 重庆卷)
A. of which
B. by which
C. in which
D. from which
4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ______ wanted to buy it. (2007 安徽卷)
A. none of them
B. both of them
C. none of whom
D. neither of whom
【点拨】
●“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
在此结构中，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose。
但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，尤其在口语中。
如：
1) Do you know the girl to whom our teacher was talking?
= Do you know the girl (that/who/whom) our teacher was talking to?
2) The school (that/which) my brother once studied in is very famous.
= The school in which my brother once studied is very famous.
●要确定关系代词前用什么介词，可以根据：（1）定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配（2）先行词常和什么介词搭配。
如：
My mother missed her best friend with whom she worked in her youth.
The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.
●listen to, depend on, pay attention to, take care of, look for, look after, look at等固定短语，在
定语从句中一般不将介词与动词分开。
如：
This is the old lady whom Harold has taken care of.
●“介词+关系代词”前有some，any，none，neither，both，all，most，each，few 等代词或者数词时，可构成由“名词（代词、数词）+ of + which / whom”来引导的定语从句。
如：
There are thirty students in our class in all, most of whom are from villages.
现在，我们再来看一看这几道高考题。
第一题中，名词degree常和介词to搭配使用，表示“到……程度”故选B。
第二题中先行词effects 和floods 是所属关系，故选B，从而构成了介词+ whose引导的定语从句。
第三题中动词come常和from连用，表示“从……地方来”，故选D。
第四题是属于“名词（代词、数词）+ of + which / whom”结构来引导的定语从句，故选D。
【高考链接】从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Eric received training in computer for one year, _____ he found a job in a big company. (2007辽宁卷)
A. after that
B. after which
C. after it
D. after this
2. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. (2005广东卷)
A. in which
B. by which
C. which
D. that
3. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ______ we gave some bells and glasses. (2006湖南卷)
A. to which
B. to whom
C. with whom
D. with which
4. I was given three books on cooking, the first _____ I really enjoyed. (2006浙江卷)
A. of that
B. of which
C. that
D. which
5. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop _____ to produce the workings of his own hands. (2005湖南卷)
A. that
B. in which
C. by which
D. how
【小试】
一、根据句子意思，在下列句子的第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个空白处填入关系代词whom或which。
1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the headmaster that I told you about.
2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing is mine.
3. Hillary, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. The two things ________ ________ I was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. The stories about the civil war, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
二、选用适当的关系代词(who, which, whose, that)或关系副词(when, where, why)填空。
7. Do you know anyone ________ knows about the history of the pyramids?
8. We have visited the Museum of Chinese History, ________ Chairman Mao’s life and deeds are being shown.
9. We’ll never forget the day ________ my friends came to see me in hospital.
10. This is the man ________ son died in the war.
11. I don’t know the reason ________ she didn’t agree to our study plan.
【高考链接】 1. B 2. A 3.B 4.B 5.B
【小试】 1. to whom 2. with which 3. with whom
4. about which
5. in which
6. of which
7-11. who; where; when; whose; why。