高级英语第二课doc
高级英语第二课
More About Japan
• ●Government: Diet (parliament) consists of a house of Representatives of 511 members elected for four years, • and a house of Councillors of 252 members, • half of whom elected every three years for sixyear terms. • Executive power is vested in the Cabinet, • which is headed by a Prime Minister, nominated by the Diet from its members.
II. Background information
• 1 Japan
II. Background information
• ●National Name: Nippon • ●Geography: Four main islands: Honshu (本 州), Hokkaido (北海道), Kyushu (九州), and Shikoku (四国) • ●Area: 371,857 square km. • ●Population: 127,760,000 (2008). • ●Capital: Tokyo • ●Monetary unit: Yen
• • • • •
History about WWII
• • • •
• • • •
Aug. 6, 1945: The first A-bomb exploded on Hiroshima. Aug. 8, 1945: The USSR declared war on Japan and occupied Manchuria. Aug. 9, 1945: The second A-bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. Aug. 14, 1945: Japan announced its surrender
高级英语2第三版_张汉熙_课文翻译
Unit 2 Marrakech一具尸体抬过，成群的苍蝇从饭馆的餐桌上嗡嗡而起追逐过去，但几分钟过后又飞了回来。
一支人数不多的送葬队伍——其中老少尽皆男性，没有一个女的——沿着集贸市场，从一堆堆石榴摊子以及出租汽车和骆驼中间挤道而行，边走边悲痛地重复着一支短促的哀歌。
苍蝇之所以群起追逐是因为在这个地方死人的尸首从不装进棺木，只是用一块破布裹着放在一个草草做成的木头架子上，有四个朋友抬着送葬。
朋友们到了安葬场后，便在地上挖出一个一二英尺深的长方形坑，将尸首往坑里一倒。
再扔一些像碎砖头一样的干土块。
不立墓碑，不留姓名，什么识别标志都没有。
坟场只不过是一片土丘林立的荒野，恰似一片已废弃不用的建筑场地。
一两个月过后，就谁也说不准自己的亲人葬于何处了。
当你穿行也这样的城镇——其居民20万中至少有2万是除开一身聊以蔽体的破衣烂衫之外完全一无所有——当你看到那些人是如何生活，又如何动辄死亡时，你永远难以相信自己是行走在人类之中。
实际上，这是所有的殖民帝国赖以建立的基础。
这里的人都有一张褐色的脸，而且，人数书如此之多！他们真的和你意义同属人类吗？难道他们也会有名有姓吗？也许他们只是像彼此之间难以区分的蜜蜂或珊瑚虫一样的东西。
他们从泥土里长出来，受哭受累，忍饥挨饿过上几年，然后有被埋在那一个个无名的小坟丘里。
谁也不会注意到他们的离去。
就是那些小坟丘本身也过不了很久便会变成平地。
有时当你外出散步，穿过仙人掌丛时，你会感觉到地上有些绊脚的东西，只是在经过多次以后，摸清了其一般规律时，你才会知道你脚下踩的是死人的骷髅。
我正在公园里给一只瞪羚喂食。
动物中也恐怕只有瞪羚还活着时就让人觉得是美味佳肴。
事实上，人们只要看到它们那两条后腿就会联想到薄荷酱。
我现在喂着的这只瞪羚好象已经看透了我的心思。
它虽然叼走了拿在手上的一块面包，但显然不喜欢我这个人。
它一面啃食着面包，一面头一低向我顶过来，再啃一下面包又顶过来一次。
它大概还因为把我赶开之后那块面包仍会悬在空中。
高级英语第二课
The influence of the Hiroshima bomb
I was again overcome by a guilty conscience as I had been when I first arrived at the station. Died slowly and in great pain (emotion: ashamed and uneasy) (rhetoric:hyperboble)
Para10
Inhibited[adj.]：too embarrassed or nervous to do or say what you want.拘束的，拘谨的 emotion: ashamed and uneasy (the few Americans and Germans also seemed to feel restrained like me )
Para19
heinous[adj]:(formal) morally very bad 及其可恶的，邪恶的，十恶不赦的。 语境：a heinous crime/criminal十恶不赦 的罪行/罪犯
Para22
impact[n].①（U）（on,against)冲击( 力），撞击. ②（C）[an～](on) the powerful effect that sth.has on sb/sth. ( 强烈的）影响，效果 搭配：effect/impact+on 对…的影响 cataclysm (n) a sudden disaster or a violent event that causes change,for example a flood or a war 大变动，灾 难，大洪水，地震
高级英语 Lesson2 Marrakech 课件
Six Scenes to expose the evils of colonialism
Why did the writer choose these scenes? What do you think they represent? Do you think these scenes are effective to achieve the writer’s purpose? What else would you add? What is the tone of the writer throughout the text?
The list of action verbs are all single-syllabic, showing the quick speed and simple burying procedure
Are they really…? Do they …? Or are they … individual as bees or coral insects?
A list of rhetorical questions added force to author‘s denunciation
They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone.
1955wroteprofilesincouragewhichwonthepulitzerprizeinhistorypresidentoftheunitedstates196163???????????????????johnfitzgeraldkennedy19171963born
高级英语第二册 第二课 Marrakech 课后答案 词组
词汇(Vocabulary)thread (v.) : pass through by twisting，turning，or weaving in and out穿过，通过---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- pomegranate (n.) : a round fruit with a red，leathery rind and many seeds covered with red，juicy，edible flesh；the bush or small tree that bears it 石榴；石榴树---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- chant (n.) : a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or words is sung to each tune(礼拜仪式唱的)单调的歌----------------------------------------------------------------------------------bier (n.) : a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placed棺材架；尸体架---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- hack (v.) : break up(1and)with a hoe，mattock，etc．(用锄等)翻地，挖(土) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oblong (adj.) : longer than broad；elongated长方形的---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lumpy (adj.) : full of lumps；covered with lumps多块状物的；凹凸不平的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------hummocky (a.) : full of or looking like low，rounded hills布满小丘的；似小圆丘的---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- derelict (adj.) : deserted by the owner；abandoned；forsaken无主的；被遗弃的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------lot (n.) : a plot of ground一块地---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- undifferentiated (adj.) : without clear qualities or distinctive characteristics无区别的；无显著特点的---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- mound (n.) : a heap or bank of earth，sand，etc．built over a grave，in a fortification，etc．土堆；堤；坟堆---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prickly (adj.) : full of prickles多刺的---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prickly pear: any of a genus of cactus plants having cylindrical or large，flat，oval stem joints and edible fruits仙人掌(属)---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- bumpy (adj.) : full of bumps；rough；jolting崎岖不平的；颠簸的；震摇的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------gazelle (n.) : any of various small，swift，graceful antelopes瞪羚---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- hindquarter (n.) : either of the two hind legs and the adjoining loin of a carcass of veal，beef，lamb，etc．；[p1.]the hind part of a four—legged animal(牛、羊、猪等的)后腿肉；[复](四肢动物的)后躯---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- nibble (v.) : take small，cautious，or gentle bites小口地咬；谨慎地咬(啃) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------butt (v.) : strike or push with the head or horns：ram with the head(用头或角)撞击；顶撞---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- mid—air (n.) : any point in space，not in contact with the ground or other surface空中；上空---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- navvy (n.) : n unskilled laborer，as on canals，roads，etc．劳工；无特殊技术的工人---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- sidle (v.) : move sideways，esp．in a shy or stealthy manner(羞怯或偷偷地)侧身行走---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- stow (v.) : pack or store away；fill by packing in an orderly way装载；装进；收藏municipality n．a city，town. etc．having its own incorporated government for local affairs自治市(或镇)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------ghetto (n.) : (in certain European cities)a section to which Jews were formerly restricted(某些欧洲城市中从前的)犹太人居住区----------------------------------------------------------------------------------sore (adj.) : giving or feeling physical pain；painful疼痛的；感到疼痛的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------skull—cap (n.) : a light，closefitting，brimless cap，usually worn indoors(室内戴的)无沿便帽----------------------------------------------------------------------------------infest (v.) : overrun or inhabit in large numbers，usually so as to be harmful or bothersome；swarm in or over(虫害等)侵扰；骚扰；蔓延----------------------------------------------------------------------------------booth (n.) : a stall for the sale of goods，as at markets or fairs(市场或集市上的)货摊；摊店，摊棚----------------------------------------------------------------------------------prehistoric (adj.) : pertaining to ancient times，veryold-fashioned老式的；古旧的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------warp (v.) : become bent or twisted out of shape变弯曲；变歪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------frenzied (adj.) : full of uncontrolled excitement疯狂的，狂乱的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------clamour (v.) : make a loud confused noise or shout；cry out 喧嚷，喧嚣，吵闹----------------------------------------------------------------------------------grope (v.) : feel or search about blindly，hesitantly，or uncertainly摸索；探索----------------------------------------------------------------------------------self-contained (adj.) : having within oneself or itself all that is necessary；self-sufficient，as a community自给自足的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------witchcraft (n.) : the power or practices of witches: black magic；sorcery巫术；魔法----------------------------------------------------------------------------------square (adj.[colloq.]) : satisfying；solid；substantial[口]令人满意的；充实的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------conspicuous (adj.) : attracting attention by being unexpected，unusual，outstanding惹人注目的，显眼的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------grove (n.) : orchard果园----------------------------------------------------------------------------------legionnaire (n.) : a member of a legion军团的成员----------------------------------------------------------------------------------back—breaking (adj.) : requiring great physical exertion；very tiring费劲的；辛苦的，累人的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------desolate (adj.) : uninhabited；deserted荒无人烟的，荒凉的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------lucerne (n.) : a type of plant whose leaves grow in groups of three and which is used for feeding farm animals紫花苜蓿----------------------------------------------------------------------------------fodder (n.) : gorse food for cattle，horses，sheep，etc. as cornstalks，hay and straw(牛、马、羊的)粗饲料；饲草----------------------------------------------------------------------------------yoke (v.) : put a yoke on；join together；link用轭连起；连合；连结----------------------------------------------------------------------------------harrow (n.) : a heavy frame with spikes or sharp—edged disks，drawn by a horse 0r tractor and used for breaking up and leveling plowed ground，covering seeds，rooting up weeds，etc．耙----------------------------------------------------------------------------------furrow (n.) : a narrow groove made in the ground by a plow 沟，畦；犁沟----------------------------------------------------------------------------------trickle (n.) : the act of trickling；a slow，small flow滴，淌；细流；----------------------------------------------------------------------------------subsoil (n.) : the layer of soil beneath the surface soil底土，下层土，----------------------------------------------------------------------------------mummify (v.) : shrivel or dry up干瘪；枯干；成木乃伊状----------------------------------------------------------------------------------hobble (v.) : go unsteadily，haltingly，etc．蹒跚----------------------------------------------------------------------------------leathery (adj.) : 1ike leather in appearance or texture. tough and flexible(外观或质地)似皮革的；坚韧的，粗硬的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------infuriate (v.) : cause to become very angry；enrage(使)发怒，激怒----------------------------------------------------------------------------------damnably (adv.) : execrably该诅咒地；极坏地----------------------------------------------------------------------------------packsaddle (n.) : a saddle with fastenings to secure and balance the load carried by a pack animal驮鞍----------------------------------------------------------------------------------bridle (n.) : a head harness for guiding a horse马勒----------------------------------------------------------------------------------halter (n.) : a rope，cord，strap，etc．，usually with a headstall，for tying or leading an animal；a bitless headstall，with or without a lead rope缰绳；(马)笼头----------------------------------------------------------------------------------gut (n.[usu．in p1.]) : the bowels；entrails[常用复]内脏----------------------------------------------------------------------------------plight (n.) : condition or state of affairs；esp，now, an awkward．sad，or dangerous situation情况；状态；(现尤指)苦境；困境或险境----------------------------------------------------------------------------------gall (v.) : injure or make sore by rubbing；chafe擦伤，擦痛；磨----------------------------------------------------------------------------------stork (n.) : any of a family of large，long—legged，mostly old—world wading birds．having a long neck and bill，and related to the herons鹳----------------------------------------------------------------------------------reach-me—down (adj．[colloq.]) : second—hand or ready—made(衣服)用旧的；别人用过的；现成的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------khaki (adj.) : made of khaki(cloth)卡其(布)制的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------squash (v.) : force one’s way；squeeze挤进，挤入----------------------------------------------------------------------------------slump (v.) : have a drooping posture or gait低头弯腰(而行)；消沉----------------------------------------------------------------------------------inquisitive (adj.) : inclined to ask many questions or seek information；eager to learn好询问的；好奇的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------syphilis (n.) : an infectious venereal disease，caused by a spirochete and usually transmitted by sexual intercourse or acquired congenitally梅毒----------------------------------------------------------------------------------garrison (n.) : troops stationed in a fort or fortified place 驻军；卫戍部队----------------------------------------------------------------------------------charger (n.) : a horse ridden in battle or on parade战马, 军马----------------------------------------------------------------------------------短语 (Expressions)square meal: a complete and satisfying meal美餐丰盛的、令人满足----------------------------------------------------------------------------------in a cloud: a large number of small things moving through the air as amass一团例： a cloud of locusts一群蝗虫----------------------------------------------------------------------------------get at: to approach or reach到达，得到例： You have to use a little ladder to get at the jars on the top shelves．你得使用一把小梯才可以拿到架子上面的坛子。
高级英语第四版第二课修辞
高级英语第四版第二课修辞摘要：一、引言二、高级英语第四版第二课修辞概述三、课程内容提要1.比喻2.明喻和暗喻3.提喻4.拟人5.反讽6.排比四、修辞手法在英语写作中的应用五、总结与反思正文：【引言】高级英语课程旨在帮助学生提高英语水平，使他们能够熟练地运用英语进行沟通和表达。
在第四版第二课中，我们学习了修辞这一重要主题。
修辞是一种通过语言手段，使表达更加生动、形象和具有感染力的方法。
本篇文章将概括介绍课程中的修辞内容。
【高级英语第四版第二课修辞概述】修辞是一种艺术，通过运用特定的语言技巧，使文本更加吸引人、有趣和易于理解。
在高级英语第四版第二课中，我们学习了多种修辞手法，包括比喻、明喻和暗喻、提喻、拟人、反讽和排比等。
这些修辞手法可以帮助我们更有效地传达思想和感情。
【课程内容提要】1.比喻：比喻是通过将一个事物与另一个事物相比较，从而形象地表达出某种特性的修辞手法。
例如：“时间是金钱。
”2.明喻和暗喻：明喻是直接比较两个事物，而暗喻则是通过暗示进行比较。
例如：“她的眼睛是星星。
”（明喻）和“她是个睡美人。
”（暗喻）3.提喻：提喻是通过部分代表整体或通过整体代表部分的修辞手法。
例如：“杯水车薪。
”4.拟人：拟人是一种赋予非人类事物人类特征的修辞手法。
例如：“月亮害羞地躲在云朵后面。
”5.反讽：反讽是通过表达与字面意义相反的意义，从而产生幽默或讽刺效果的修辞手法。
例如：“祝你度过一个美好的时光。
”（用于分手场景）6.排比：排比是通过重复相同或类似的结构，以强调某个观点或情感的修辞手法。
例如：“生命在于运动，健康在于运动，美丽在于运动。
”【修辞手法在英语写作中的应用】在英语写作中，运用修辞手法可以使文章更具表现力和吸引力。
例如，使用比喻可以使抽象概念更具体化，使用拟人可以让描述更生动有趣。
恰当运用修辞手法有助于作者更好地传达思想和情感，同时也能让读者在阅读过程中获得愉悦。
【总结与反思】通过学习高级英语第四版第二课中的修辞内容，我们了解了多种修辞手法及其在英语写作中的应用。
《高级英语》第一册lesson2练习
《高级英语》第一册练习Lesson 2Hiroshima---the “Liveliest City in Japan”Ⅰ. Word explanation1. elderlyA. olderlyB. mid-ageC. approaching mid-ageD. past mid-age2.facadeA. the wall of a buildingB. the front of a buildingC. in front of a buildingD. the wall in front of a building3. ignoranceA. disregardB. pretend not to seeC. lack of knowledgeD. neglect4. demolishA. decreaseB. . erectC. tear downD. set aside5. inhibitA. liveB. dwellC. suppressD. unlock6. bargeA. a kind of clothB. a kind of clothingC. a colourD. a boat7. scarA. a woundB. a hidden woundC. a mark on the skinD. a mark of damage8. commitA. to doB. to commissionC. to trustD. to place an order9. preserveA. to keep from dangerB. . to serve in advanceC. . to saveD. . to reserve10. consist ofA. be composed ofB. be composed ofC. containD. include11. lumpA. lampB. massC. limpD. lung12. gratitudeA. appreciationB. thankfulnessC. gratefulnessD. all the above13. haltA. stopB. preventC. saluteD. alter14. destinationA. destinyB. desperateC. goalD. doom15. sketchA. stretchB. skepticC. scratchD. drawⅡ. Replace each underlined part with one word learnt in the text, the first letter of which is given:1. The teacher answered with a brief nod of agreement. a2. The book was so interesting that I was practically unconscious of my surroundings. o3. The thought of his past experience of stealing brings him a sudden sharp pain of conscience. t4. I see little hope of his recovery. p5. His greatest concern was how to find money for a holiday in Europe. p6. She shouldn't have come to the hotel suite. She shouldn't have delayed leaving --- this was fatal --- after others had left. l7. If I had been less careful I might have been more wise. c8. They faced one another in the boxing ring. e9. The town will build a monument to its war heroes. e10. She was deeply disturbed until she learned that her husband was among the survivors. aⅢ. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the following words or expressions in its proper form. Each word or expression is to be used only once.to have a lump in one's throat, spare, spectacle, on the part of, rub shoulders with, humiliate, shiver, sink in, in response, foldⅤ. Reading comprehension.1. The sentence “little girls and elderly ladies in kimonos rubbed shoulders with teenagers and women in western dress” shows that __.A. western influence and national tradition co-existed in JapanB. There were lots of female walking in the streets.C. . Little girls and elderly women wore kimonos but teenagers and women wore western dressD. Women in Japan wore different clothes2. The sentence “the usher bowed deeply and heaved a long, almost musical sigh” shows that __.A. the usher was pleasant and loved musicB. the usher was bored but still very politeC. the was boring but still kept his politenessD. the usher was boring but still wanted to keep himself in pleasant mood3.The author’s description of the mayor “he was a tall, thin man, sad-eyed and serious” shows that __.A. the meeting with the author who was an American reminded the mayor of the atomic crimeB. the mayor must be in sad mood that night.C. the author’s own mentality distorted the image of the mayorD. the mayor did not want to talk with the author4. The sentence “there are two different schools of thought in this city of oysters” means __.A. people in Hiroshima hold different opinions on the A-bomb attackB. people in Hiroshima hold different opinions on World War IIC. people in Hiroshima hold different opinions on how to treat the remnants of the A-bomb attack.D. people in Hiroshima hold different opinions on how to preserve their memory of the A-bomb attack5. The sentence “the very sight of which would send shivers down the spine of any healthy visitor” mea ns __.A. any healthy visitor would feel uneasy when he saw the medical instrumentsB. Any healthy visitor would start trembling when he saw the medical instrumentsC. the medical instruments were burnished and coldD. as soon as he saw the cold medical instruments, the visitor began shivering6. The expression “earthly cares” in this text can be bes t understood as __.A. daily worries such as food, clothing and housing etcB. global considerations such as environment and climate etcC. social conflicts such as terrorism, disarmament and racial discimination etc.D. everyday business such as economy and finance etc.第一册第2课练习答案1-1: /答案:D 1-2: /答案:B 1-3: /答案:C 1-4: /答案:C 1-5: /答案:C 1-6: /答案:D 1-7: /答案:D 1-8: /答案:A 1-9: /答案:A 1-10: /答案:A 1-11: /答案:B 1-12: /答案:D 1-13: /答案:A 1-14: /答案:C 1-15: /答案:D 2-1: /答案:assent2-2: /答案: oblivious2-3: /答案:twinge2-4: /答案:prospect2-5: /答案:preoccupation 2-6: /答案: lingered2-7: /答案: cautious2-8: /答案:encountered 2-9: /答案:erect2-10: /答案: agitated3-1: /答案: sink in3-2: /答案: spectacle3-3: /答案: on the part of3-4: /答案: in response3-5: /答案: had a lump in her throat 3-6: /答案: to rub shoulders with3-7: /答案: Fold3-8: /答案:humiliating3-9: /答案:spared3-10: /答案: shivering4-1: /答案:A4-2: /答案:B4-3: /答案:C4-4: /答案:D4-5: /答案:A4-6: /答案:A。
高级英语 第二课_Marrakech_完备课件
His Life
– He is mush praised in the west partly because of his anti-communist point of view.
– He was born in India, father, a so called empirebuilder --serving the British government abroad.
e. People: most Muslims; Most (70%) Moroccans are farmers, using camels, donkeys and mules to pull plows, trying to try to grow their own food. In the South a few tribesmen still wander from place to place in the desert.
---Renowned for leather goods --- the old city is like a labyrinth (迷宫 ) full of
crooked, deadened streets.
Marrakech
Marrakech is not only a fantastic city, it is also a symbol of the Morocco that once was, and which still survives here. The streets of the old and pink city have been too narrow to allow the introduction of cars, and tourists searching for the "real" Morocco have turned the medieval structures of Marrakech into good business.
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Chant religious song
Derelict abandoned
Hummock a low rounded hill
Stow hide away
Frenzied full of uncontrolled excitement
Fodder rough food
Clamour noisily express
Desolate barren
Slump sink down
Squash squeeze
Plight condition
Infuriate fill with rage
Inquisitive unnecessarily curious
Sidle walk sideways
Nibble take small bits
Ghetto area
Navvy a labourer
Lucerne plant
Scrap small piece
Hack dig roughly
Stork white bird
Clump walk
Garrison military camp
Hobble walk in difficulty with small steps
Identify equate
Literally actually
Rag a scrap of cloth
Bumpy rough
Acre a wide expanse of land
Witchcraft magic
Jewish quarter of a town, a part of a city in which a group of people live who are poor ghetto of the Middle Ages medieval
back part of an animal including the legs hindquarters
having difficulty to distinguish undifferentiated
framework of all bones in a human or animal body skeleton
town, city, district with local self-government municipality
cause to bend, curve, or twist out of shape warp
group of trees grove
soldiers who fight on foot infantry
injure or make sore by rubbing gall
of, relating to, or belonging to the era before recorded history prehistoric
a container made to be carried on the back of a person or an animal pack
to shine by reflection with a sparkling luster glisten
a feeling of profound awe and respect and often love reverence
to deceive in fun; fool kid
a formation, as of troops or vehicles, in which all elements follow one behind the other column one that inhabits a place, especially as a permanent resident inhabitant
easily broken or destroyed frail
a crossbar with two U-shaped pieces that encircle the necks of a pair of oxen or other draft animals working together yoke
a trench, furrow, or groove channel
to cause to shrivel and dry up mummify
of or relating to an earliest or original stage or state primitive
to become reduced in amount or value; dwindle shrink
very good or satisfying; praiseworthy splendid
to inhabit or overrun in numbers large enough to be harmful infest
1. The child[01]for the toy.
2. We took a long walk and[02] wound up at the edge of town.
3. I think what[03appeals to]me about his painting is the colours he uses.
4. Nowadays, the streets in some places of the city[04] were infested with drugs.
5. The policemen were trying [05] to wring the truth out of the recalcitrant witness.
6. The temperature[06] has lowered gradually this month.
7. He has made a[07] splendid performance in the examinations.
8. The wooden frame[08] warped in the humidity.
9. The office was a scene of[09] frenzied activity this morning.
10. Air is[10] invisible but we can feel its motion when there is a wind。