高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选练(6)

山西沁水县2017高考英语阅读理解选练阅读理解—主旨大意题、标题概括题。

(2015年山东潍坊一中模拟)Many experts say that Billy Wilder changed the history of American movies. He is often called the best movie maker Hollywood has ever had.He was known for making movies that offered sharp social comment. Wilder was one of the first directors to do this. Between the middle 1930s and the 1980s, Billy Wilder made almost fifty movies. During that time he received more than twenty nominations(提名) from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. He won six of the Oscar awards. His movies have been seen by people around the world.In 1944, Billy Wilder made the film Double Indemnity. Some critics said this movie established him as one of the greatest Hollywood directors. Wilder directed The Lost Weekend in 1945. Ray Milland plays the part of an alcohol rules his life, yet he does not admit it. He hides alcohol in his home and says he is not drinking.In 1950, Wilder made Sunset Boulevard. This movie told of an aging actress in silent movies. She plans to return to movies though facing many problems. In 1954, Billy Wilder became an independent producer. The next year, Wilder's first movie as an independent filmmaker was a huge success. It was The Seven Year Inch. In this movie, a married man wants to cheat on his wife with some of his friends. In 1959, wilder made a funny movie that was very popular. It was Some Like It Hot. It tells about two jazz musicians being chased by criminals. They decide to wear women's clothes and join a band in which all the musicians were women.Wilder died in March, 2002. He was ninety-five. A current Hollywood producer said, “Billy Wilder made movies that people will never forger.”1.The text is mainly aboutA.The background of American moviesB.wilder's achievements in American moviesC.wilder's attitude to American moviesD.the development of American movies2.What was Wilder famous for according to Paragraph 2?A.Sharp remarks on society in his moviesB.His unique style of making moviesC.More than twenty awards he received.D.Almost fifty movies he produced himself.3.Which of the following made Wilder among the greatest Hollywood directors?A.The lost weekendB. Sunset BoulevardC. Double IndemnityD. Some Like It Hot语篇解读本文讲述的是Billy Wilder 对于美国电影的贡献。

1. B 主旨大意题。

根据第一段Many experts say that Billy wilder changed the history of American movies. 及于美国电影的贡献，故选B项。

2. A 细节理解题。

根据第二段He was known for making movies that offered sharp social comment. 可知，以制作对社会尖锐评论的电影而出名，故选A项。

3. C 细节理解题。

根据第三段In 1944, Billy Wilder made the film Double Indemnity. Some critics said this movie established him as one of the greatest Hollywood directors.可知选C项。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

2014高考训练题“Cleverness i s a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy –they’re given after all. Choices can be h ard.” –– Jeff BezosI got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me.I had just turned 30 years old, and I’d been married for a year. I told my wife MacKenzie that I wanted to quit my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldn’t work since most start-ups don’t, and I wasn’t sure what to expect. MacKenzie told me I should go for it. As a young boy, I’d been a garage inventor. I’d always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people, and I had a brilliant boss that I much admired. I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened carefullyto me, and finally said, “That sounds like a really good idea, but it would be an even better idea for someone who didn’t already have a good job.” That logic made some sense to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice, but ultimately (最后), I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all.After much cons ideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I’m proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.21. What inspired the author with the idea of building an online bookstore?A. His dream of being an inventor.B. The support of his wife.C. The greatly increasing usage of the Internet.D. Millions of exciting titles.22. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?.A. The idea of not trying would keep coming to his mind and disturb him.B. He would be very excited if he tried it out.C. He would be a lways having a doubt if he didn’t try.D. The decision to not try the online bookstore would terrify him.23. We can know from the passage that _______.A. the boss thought the idea was suitable for the authorB. the author wanted someone else to try the ideaC. the author might not regret if he failed the ideaD. the author might go back to his boss if he failed24. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Cleverness and KindnessB. The Starting of AmazonC. Following My PassionD. We Are What We Choose【参考答案】21—24 CACD2014高考训练题Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot (赤脚).Researchers from the JKM Technologies company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.Harvard’s Danie l Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.25. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot.B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.C. Running in shoes is partly good to runners.D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases.26. Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes?A. Toes.B. Hips.C. Feet.D. Legs.27. What can we learn from the passage?A. The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging ourheel.B. We should start running barefoot in no time.C. Running in modern running shoes could cause more serious effects than running in high heels.D. We won’t be injured if we run barefoot.28. What is the writer’s attitude towards the use of the modern running shoes?A. Persuasive.B. Negative.C. Objective.D. Supportive.【参考答案】25—28 DBAC【2014高考英语湖北省汉阳市联考试题】B.The power of humor and laugher is numerous. They entertain us and make us feel good. But, above all, we have discovered that humor and laughter are the best medicine. They relieve pain, reduce stress and anxiety, and are anti-aging and longevity facilitators（促进者）.They are extremely necessary for helping us to find and maintain a balance between life and work. However, they are slipping away from us. We have become far too serious. The only ones who still enjoy humor, laughter, fun and play to the fullest are young children. Children tend to laugh an average of 200 times a day. For adults, however, it is a totally different story.In the 1950s people laughed on average 18 times a day. Today, we are lucky if we average between 4-6 times a day.As a matter of fact, a recent study found that people laugh 6 more times in the presence of one person but 30 more times in a group of people. You can get a chuckle(咯咯笑) from jokes you get on the Internet, but it is not the same as belly jiggling laughter (a deep laugh) you get whenyou interact with others.Socializing(交际) with friends and relatives was much looked forward to. However, this is no longer the case. In fact, the majority of people can hardly find time, nor do they have the inclination towards socializing outside home. They turn to electronic media such as television, computers, the Internet, videos, CDs, and audio equipment, which can provide them with instantself-entertainment at the push of a button.The workplace does not fare(进展) much better. Due to the pressures to produce more in the same or fewer hours available and to compete, for example, in a manufacturing field with cheaper labor elsewhere in the world, humor and laughter in the workplace have gradually eroded（逐渐毁坏）away.I have developed a real appreciation, perhaps closer to a strong desire for the power of humor and laughter. This encouraged me to write my first book titled “The Power of Humor” and subsequently my second book titled “Kids Say the Goggonest Things” base d on the natural humor, laughter, play and fun that kids experience and they freely share with parents, grandparents and teachers.From writing about humor and laughter, people start to ask me to speak up for them. To date, I have developed a number of humor-laughter topics that I use in my keynote presentations. You are invited to subscribe to my free monthly e-magazine “The Humormeister’s Forum” by clicking on the Free Humor E-zine navigation button on the website.55. According to the author, laughter is leaving us partly because ________.A. the pace of change in our lives is becoming fasterB. we fail to reflect on fun times in our livesC. we treat everything in a serious wayD. humor of situations lies beneath56. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us that ________.A. researchers have made a new discovery about the effect of laughterB. people laugh more heartily when spending time with othersC. we can entertain ourselves with the help of the InternetD. getting a deep laugh nowadays is difficult57. The underlin ed word “inclination” in Paragraph 5 most probably means “________”.A. destinationB. tendencyC. attitudeD. approach58. Which of t he following articles can we most probably find in “The Humormeister’s Forum”?A. The power of honesty.B. Don’t be your own worst enemy.C. Live life purposefully: The relationship within.D. Funny Christmas stories to share with your loved ones.【参考答案】55、Ｃ 56—58、ＢＢＤ【2014高考英语湖北省汉阳市联考试题】C.400-year-old plants from the Little Ice Age were brought back to life, which could help us understand how the Earth will deal with climate change.Moss(藓类植物) found buried beneath the Teardrop glacier(冰川) on Ellesmere Island in Canada has been brought back to life. Findings suggest that these plants could help repopulate regions exposed by melting ice caps. Plants that were buried beneath thick ice in Canada more than 400 years ago and were thought to have frozen to death have been brought back to life by Canadian scientists. Samples of the moss plant, covered by the glacier during the Little Ice Age of 1550 to 1850 AD, were replanted in a lab at the University of Alberta and grew new stems(茎). Researchers now think these findings can give indication as to how regions can recover as the ice covering them melts. Biologist Dr. Catherine La Farge and her team at the University of Alberta were exploring the region around the Teardrop glacier on Ellesmere Island. Ice on Ellesmere Island region has been melting at around four meters each year for the past nine years. This means that many areas of land that were previously covered by ice have since been exposed. Many ecosystems that were thought to have been destroyed during the Little Ice Age between 1550 and 1850 AD can now be studied, including many species that have never been studied before.While examining an exposed area of land, La Farge and her team discovered a small area of moss called Aulacomnium turgidum. It is a type of bryophyte(苔藓类植物) plant that mainly grows across Canada, the US and the Highlands of Scotland.Dr La Farge noticed that the moss had small patches of green stems, suggesting it is either growing again or can be encouraged t o repopulate. Dr La Farge told the BBC, “When we looked at the samples in detail and brought them to the lab, I could see some of the stems actually had new growth of green branches, suggesting that these plants are growing again, and that blew my mind. When wethink of thick areas of ice covering the landscape, we’ve always thought that plants have to come from refugia(濒绝生物保护区), never considering that land plants come from underneath a glacier. It’s a whole world of what’s coming out from underneath the glacier that really needs to be studied. The ice is disappearing pretty fast. We really have not examined all the biological systems that exist in the world; we don’t know it all.”Dr La Farge took samples of the moss and, using carbon-dating techniques, discovered that the plants date back to the Little Ice Age. Dr La Farge’s team took the samples, planted them in dishes full of nutrient-rich potting soil and fed them with water.The samples were from four separate species including Aulacomnium turgidum, Distichium capillaceum, Encalypta procera and Syntrichia ruralis. The moss plants found by Dr La Farge are types of bryophytes. Bryophytes can survive long winters and regrow when the weather gets warmer. However, Dr La Farge was surprised that the plants buried under ice have survived into the twenty-first century. Her findings appear in proceedings（论文集）of the National Academy of Sciences.59. Dr La Farge’s research is of great importance to ________.A. knowing what the plants during the Little Ice Age were likeB. understanding how ecosystems recover from glaciers.C. regrowing many species that have been destroyed before.D. figuring out the effects of melting ice caps on moss.60. The underl ined part “blew my mind” in Paragraph 6 can best be replaced by “________”.A. surprised meB. greatly frightened meC. put my doubt out of my mindD. was exactly what I had in my mind61. According to the passage, Aulacomnium turgidum ________.A. lives better in small groupsB. is very active in hot weatherC. is strong enough to survive coldnessD. is chosen from Canadian refugia62. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Bryophyte ecology is greatly affected by climate change.B. 400-year-old moss’s survival is a mystery to solve.C. Moss in ancient times was discovered in Canada.D. 400-year-old plants were brought back to life. 【参考答案】59、ＢＡ 61-62 ＣＤ。