自考高级英语复习资料
《高级英语》复习资料 The Review of Advanced English2
The Review of Advanced English (Book 1)一、修辞（rhetoric）Ⅰ. 修辞手法：1）明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等。
2）隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不用比喻词进行，而直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
3）提喻（synecdoche）又称举隅法，主要特点是局部代表全体，或以全体喻指部分，或以抽象代具体，或以具体代抽象。
[用部分代整体，有隶属关系]4）借代（metonymy）是指两种不同事物并不相似，但又密不可分，因而常用其中一种事物名称代替另一种。
[用部分代整体，非隶属关系]5）拟人（personification）这种修辞方法是把人类的特点、特性加于外界事物之上，使之人格化，以物拟人，以达到彼此交融，合二为一。
6）叠言（rhetorical repetition）这种修辞法是指在特定的语境中，将相同的结构，相同意义词组成句子重叠使用，以增强语气和力量。
7）双关语（pun）是以一个词或词组，用巧妙的办法同时把互不关联的两种含义结合起来，以取得一种诙谐有趣的效果。
8）拟声（onomatopoeia）是摹仿自然界中非语言的声音，其发音和所描写的事物的声音很相似，使语言显得生动，富有表现力。
9）讽刺（irony）是指用含蓄的褒义词语来表示其反面的意义，从而达到使本义更加幽默，更加讽刺的效果。
10）通感（synesthesia）是指在某个感官所产生的感觉，转到另一个感官的心理感受。
11）alliteration（头韵）：在文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组，其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音，以增强语言的节奏感。
assonance（腹韵）：相同或相近的元音在诗行中重复出现；consonance（假韵）：两个以上词的词尾辅音完全一致，但其前面的元音不相同；the end rhyme(尾韵)：诗行与诗行之间在末尾的压韵/ 尾韵/脚韵12）anadiplosis（联珠）：将一个或一组单词重复多遍；anticlimax（突降法）：也叫先扬后抑。
自考 高级英语-复习资料
《高级英语》复习资料Lesson 1 Four Choices for Young People主要内容:I. Synonymsbucolic: pastoralantecedent: predecessor, ancestorpresumably: probably;barricade: blockadeinaugurate: launch, initiateaffluent: richformidable: fearfulskepticism: doubtfulness,misgiving: skepticismholocaust: massacre2. Antonymsdwindle: increaseunprecedented: usualtedious: excitingaffluent, wealthy : impoverishedunsullied: spoiledparasitic: independentpastoral, rustic : urbaninevitable: avoidableBrutal: humane3. Definitionguise: an outer appearance 伪装重点掌握:1. Meaning of words in contextSo Jim Binns’ generation has a formidable(frightening) job on its hands.formidable: fearful, terrifying, dreadful, threatening, menacing, terrific, alarming 可怕的，令人生畏的2. Explanation1) This strategy also has ancient antecedents. (Para. 5)2) … except for the polar regions, the frontiers are gone. (Para.6)KEY1) Except for the poplar regions, very few areas on earth remain unsettled.2) But in general farmers are moving in large numbers to the cities.Lesson 2 Rock Superstars:What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?主要内容:1. Synonymsradical: extremeramble: wanderreverence: respectpiety: devotion, loyaltyadulation: flattery2. Antonymsreverence: disrespect3. Definitionpilgrim: person who travels (esp．a long way) to a holy place as anact of religious love and respect朝拜圣地者；香客pilgrimage :a journey to some sacred place to show respect to God bequeath: hand down, give or pass to others after death重点掌握:1. Meaning of words in contextHow do you feel about all this adulation (praise) and hero worship?adulation: the giving of too much praise or respect, esp. to win favor;praise more than necessary or deserved (to win favor) 谄媚；奉承2. The figures of speechHorowita sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum, aplace where ideas clash and crash onomatopoeia/ alliteration3. ExplanationBy a man’s heroes ye shall know him. (Epigraph 2)The rock music arena is a place where ideas clash and crash. (Para.3)These rock musicians mirror feelings and beliefs.KEYYou’ll find out wh at kind of person someone is if you know who his or her heroes are.The rock music arena is a place where different ideas come into violent conflict.These rock musicians reflect the kind of emotions and outlook that…Lesson 3 A Most Forgiving Ape (part one) 主要内容:1.Synonymsintrepid: insistentreprisal: revengeelusive: puzzling2. AntonymsBelligerence: friendlinessverify: di sproveIntrepid, dauntless: cowardlyhostile: friendly3. Definitionstereotyped: typed, categorized, fixed, established in form; used and repeated without change 定型的；反复使用而不便的；固定的safari: trip through wild country (in east and central Africa);people, vehicles and animals of such a trip; the people, vehicles, animals, etc. making such a trip （尤指在东非和中非的）重点掌握:1. Meaning of words in contextIt is this “human-ness” of the gorrila which is so beguiling(enchanting ).beguiling: deceiving, cheating, leading astray; charming; amusing 欺骗的；吸引人的；有意思的2. Explanation1) He is the stereotyped monster of horror f ilms…2) … is no more than shadow boxing as a general rule. (L3)KEYThe gorilla always appears in horror films and adventure books as a monster in fixed form _ half-man, half-gorilla.The gorilla is merely acting out gestures of aggressiveness to warn the enemy away. All this is simply a showLesson 4 A Most Forgiving Ape (Part Two) 主要内容:1. Synonymsbewilderment: puzzlementsweltering : hotlurk: hidepalpable: obviousgratify: satisfyenunciate: articulate, pronouncedilemma: quandaryamnesia: forgetfulnessscramble: climbbizarre: strange, peculiar,alternative :option2. Antonymsgroggily: steadilyimpenetrable: passableuncompromising: flexibleoutlandish: normal3. Definitionaccelerate: speed up, pick up speed, quicken , space up 加速fatigue: great tirednessamnesia: forgetfulness; loss of memory, either in part or completely prophet: a religious person who claims to be able to explain God’s will and telllurk: hide, lie concealed, lie in ambush, sneak, prowl 潜伏；埋伏blister: small bag-like swelling under the skin, filled with liquid (caused by rubbing,burning, etc.) 泡，水泡重点掌握:1. Meaning of words in context1) That there is prejudice against women is an idea that still strikes nearly all men as bizarre(strange).bizarre: strange, peculiar, odd, as if having terrible dream奇异的2) I rose groggily (unsteadily) to my feet and faced the impossibleonce more.groggily: unsteadily; weakly, likely to collapse or fall 支持不住地；软弱地Lesson 5 A Lesson in Living (Part One)主要内容:1. Synonyms:swirl: whirlwiry: thinbenign: benevolent, kind-heartefamiliarity: intimacy2. AntonymsInedible: eatable重点掌握:Explanation1) She didn’t encourage familiarity. (Para. 3)2) … and according to the Good Book, it goeth before a fall.”KEY1) She didn’t encourage ot hers to be on too intimate terms with her.2) Pride goes before a fall. ( One is bound to fail if he gets too conceited).Lesson 6 A Lesson in Living (Part Two) 主要内容:1. Synonymscouch: expressaura: atmosphere2. Definitionsophistication: various experience of the yearsubsidize: to support with money重点掌握:1. The figures of speechI wanted to gobble up the room entire and take it to Bailey, who would help me analyze and enjoy it hyperbole2. Explanation1) She said that I must always be intolerant of ignorance but understanding of illiteracy. (Para. 16)2) I have tried often to search behind the sophistication of years for the enchantment I so easily found in those gifts. (Para. 23)3) The essence escapes but its aura remains. (Para. 23)KEY1) Ignorance is something to be ashamed of and one must never slackenone’s efforts in seeking knowledge, yet one should by no means have any contempt for those who are unable to read and write.2) After I grew up, I have become more mature, and have a better and more complex understanding of the world, still I tried to seek the reason…whyI enjoyed reading the books Mrs. Flowers offered me.3) The essential points of the poem’s content escape me, but the beautiful reading (or the deep impression) remains in my memory (or its impact on my life can still be felt).Lesson 7 I’d Rather Be Black Than Female 主要内容:1. Synonymsprejudice: biaseliminate: discardhandicap: obstaclebizarre: strange, peculiar2. AntonymsSkeptical: credulouseliminate : addhostility: amitymasculine: feminineSkeptical: credulous, trustingIncredulous: gullibleSuspicious, skeptical: credulousinvariably: changeablyunrewarding: worthy3. Definitionempathy: the power to enter into the feelings or spirit of others boycott: to join with others in refusing to have any dealings with (some other individual or group) 联合抵制（某个人或团体）stereotype: fixed pattern or type of things or persons 定型；定型模式empathy: the power and state of imagining oneself to be another person, and so of sharing his ideas and feelings 移情作用hardware: machinery used in war; armaments重点掌握:1. Explanation1) Women have not even reached the level of tokenism that blacks are reaching. (Para. 11)(Women have not achieved even the minimal, symbolic equality being achieved by blacks.)Lesson 8 The Trouble With Television主要内容:1. Synonymscommand: orderstimulus: activatornovelty: originality, newness, uniqueness;Stimulation: excitementcultivate: developdivert: distract2. Antonymscasual: seriousaptly: unlikelywholesale: retailperpetual: temporaryaptly: unlikely3. DefinitionDivert: distract, amuse, entertain; turn from serious thought, draw off to a different subject.kaleidoscopic:(of scenes, colours or patterns)changing quickly narcotic: taking away pain and causing sleep; painkiller,tolerance: Willingness to accept behavior and beliefs that are different from your ownfatigue: great tiredness重点掌握:1. Meaning of words in contextIn short, a lot of television usurps(encroaches) one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it.Usurp: seize illegally, take unlawfully, steal, grab, encroach upon, infringe upon? Give up; surrender, yield, relinquish,2. Explanation1) Television’s variety becomes a narcotic, not a stimulus.( The various entertainment offered by television drugs viewers rather than providing them with food for thought.)2) I think this society is being force-fed with trivial fare. (This society is being forced to accept things of little worth.)Lesson 9 On Getting Off to Sleep主要内容:1. Synonymspervade: spread , imbuedefy: challengesycophantic: flatteringcallous: hardened, heartless, indifferentstupendous: remarkable2. Antonymseventful: unimportant3. Definitionvexation: a feeling of distress, trouble, worriness, torment, harassnesinsomnia: a state of being unable to sleepstupendous: surprisingly great, remarkablelegion: great in number, very manysycophantic: flattering, of or like parasite, flatterer, puppet 拍马的；谄媚的重点掌握:1. Meaning of words in context1).The artificial ways of inducing sleep are legion( numerous), and are only alike in their ineffectuality.2). To me, there is something inhuman, something callous(Indifferent)and almost bovine, in the practice.callous: hardened, heartless, indifferent; uncaring 麻木的；无情的3. Explanation… when it is time to close the five ports of knowledge, … (Para.3) (when it is time to fall asleep)Lesson 10 Why I Write?主要内容:1. Synonymsbias: prejudicepicturesquely: vivid2. Antonymsundervalued: overvaluedegoism: altruismdominant: recessive3. Definitionmeticulous: careful about small things or about minute details, oftento extremesaesthetics: the study and science of the philosophy of beauty subsidize: to support with moneyimpulse: a sudden will to do something; inclination, wish, tendence 冲动重点掌握:1. Meaning of words in contextI will only say that of late years I have tried to write less picturesquely( vividly) and more exactly.picturesquely: colorful, striking, distinctive, attractive, charming, imaginative; (of language) making a picture for the mind; having great force; vivid （指语言）生动的；有力的；栩栩如生的高级英语（二）Unit 1 What’s wrong with our press?主要内容I. SynonymsII. Complete the WordsIII. True or FalseIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. ExplanationVI. Reading Comprehension重点掌握True or False1. According to the Mr. Roper’s survey, newspaper ranks second among the major forms of mass media in terms of popularity. (T)2. Partisanship or rabid bias in network newscasts or network commentaries is not as intense as that in newspapers. (T)3. When the author of Lesson One mentions that newspapers have two great advantages over television, she really means it. (F)4. In Lesson One, the author doesn’t point out any problem of TV. In her opinion, TV does better in every aspect compared with newspapers.(F)5. The author of Lesson One criticizes all American newspapers in this text. (F)6. Newspapers encourage people to hate whatever is different. (T)7. Both TV and newspapers provide opinions of two sides. (F)Rhetorical Devices1. Rouse the Rabble by Routing Reason. (alliteration)2. Fortunately for the American public, television does not tolerate the kind of distortion of fact, the kind of partisan virulence and personal peeve.( parallelism)3. Is it discharging its duty to diversity by printing snippets of opinion from unqualified readers?(rhetorical question)4. When Mr. Roper asked his guinea pigs which of these media they would be least inclined to believe, the newspapers topped the list.(metaphor)5. For if you degrade and cheapen the word too long, the people will turn to the picture. (metonymy)6. It is easier to let the ads dictate the format than develop a format that elevates news above dogfood. (personification)7. Change means trouble, change means work, change means cost. (repetition)8. What is there for them in the paper, usually the only paper, of their own? (rhetorical question)Explanation1. Television lives on advertising to an even greater extent than newspaper…(Television is more dependent on advertising than newspaper...)Unit 2 What to Listen for in Music主要内容I. SynonymsII. Complete the WordsIII. True or FalseIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. ExplanationVI. Reading Comprehension重点掌握VocabularyTrue or False1. People hold different ideas about the expressive plane of listening to music.(T)2. The value of music is equal to its sensuous appeal.(F)3. As listeners, we should pay as much attention to the sheerly musical plane as the professional musicians. (F)4. The process of listening to music can be divided on three hypothetical planes: the sensuous plane, the expressive plane and the sheerly musical plane. (T)Rhetorical Devices1. Is it pessimistically sad or resignedly sad; is it fatefully sad or smilingly sad? (oxymoron)2. Music expresses, at different moments, serenity or exuberance, regret or triumph, fury or delight. (antithesis )3. Simple-minded souls will never be satisfied with the answer to the second of these questions. (synecdoche )Explanation1. There is no need to digress further on the sensuous plane. (So far it’s enough for me to talk about the sensuous plane / I don’t need to talk too much about the sensuous plane.)Unit 3 Eveline主要内容I. SynonymsII. Complete the WordsIII. True or FalseIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. ExplanationVI. Reading Comprehension重点掌握VocabularyTrue or False1. Eveline gave up the chance to escape with Frank. Part of the reasons was that the unknown future frightened her. (T)2. Eveline was sure of her love of Frank. (F)3. Eveline had a comparatively happy childhood. (T)4. Eveline was treated well by Miss Gavan at the store. (F)5. Eveline’s father was a brutal man and often beat his children including his daughter. (T)Rhetorical Devices1. The man out of the last house passed on his way home; she heard his footsteps clacking along the concrete pavement and afterwards crunching on the cinder path before the new red houses. (onomatopoeia)2. He took her to see The Bohemian Girl and she felt elated as she sat in an unaccustomed part of the theatre with him. (transferred epithet)3. It was hard work—a hard life—but now that she was about to leaveit she did not find it a wholly undesirable life. (litotes) Explanation1. She had hard work to keep the house together…(She had to try very hard to make the family members stay together/not to go their different ways.)Unit 4 The Tragedy of Old Age in America 主要内容I. SynonymsII. Complete the WordsIII. True or FalseIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. ExplanationVI. Reading Comprehension重点掌握VocabularyTrue or False1. The authors of Lesson Four agree with neither of the two discrepant views on old age.(T)2. The quality of late life is determined by a combination of many elements. (T)3. The mental problems of the old are untreatable.(F)4. Old women fare worse than old men simply because they have a longer life expectancy. (T)5. Old people who are poor have been poor all their lives. (F)6. Many elderly Americans do not enjoy a satisfying late life because the society itself is too harsh for them to live in. (T) Rhetorical Devices1. The American dream promised older people that if they worked hard enough all their lives, things would turn out well for them.( personification )2. For the most part the elderly struggle to exist in an inhospitable world. (understatement)3. But what are an individual’s chances for a “good” old age in America, with satisfying final years and a dignified death? (irony )4. Death is a dramatic,…a bittersweet coming to terms with one’s own personality and one’s life.( oxymoron)5. Voluntary hospitals are well known for dumping the “Medicare patient” into municipal hospitals…(euphemism)Explanation1.…while old age is…a bittersweet coming to terms with one’s own personality and one’s life. (Old age involves adaptation to a changed self and one’s life with mixed feelings.)Unit 5 The Spanish Bullfight主要内容I. SynonymsII. Complete the WordsIII. True or FalseIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. ExplanationVI. Reading Comprehension重点掌握VocabularyTrue or False1. All Spaniards are interested in bullfight. (F)2. Successful matadors are ever more idolized than film stars. (F)3. Far from being a sport, the bullfight has a religious origin. (T )4. There are many symbolic acts in a bullfight. (T)5. The main duty of the monosabios in the bullring is to help the picadors. (T)6. Far from being a sport, the bullfight has a religious origin. (T)Rhetorical Devices1. They look like figures representing gluttony in a medieval morality play, and you expect ladies in wimples to appear and clowns dressed like monkeys. (simile)2. There are also big block letters laid out on sand like formations of gymnasts at a Soviet youth rally. (simile)3. It is a morality play, that isolates, and sets against each other…(metaphor)Explanation1. …so that you can debunk it to your own satisfaction(Argue about it and criticize it )2.begin to compose themselves on their little cushions…(sit comfortably)Unit 6 Jerusalem the Golden (Excerpt)主要内容I. SynonymsII. Complete the WordsIII. True or FalseIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. ExplanationVI. Reading Comprehension重点掌握VocabularyTrue or False1. Clara had a peculiar taste of the physical world around her. (T )2. Clara was not sure whether her favourable position in the school would impress her parents. (T)3. The girls adored Miss Haines merely for her fashions. (F)4.The teachers of the school were equally respected and loved by their students. ( F)Rhetorical Devices1. Clara did not mind the cold, for she liked anything that was not small and cramped and heartlessly cosy…(oxymoron)2. Her blackboard technique was also extremely idiosyncratic; she would write up equations, get them wrong, mumble to herself, rub them out, look them up in a book, …(parallelism)3. She handled her apparatus with the efficient familiarity with which other women handle their baking boards and rolling pins…(simile )4. Mrs. Hill took a fancy to Clara. Clara, when she became aware of it, was not displeased. (litotes )5. It was a pleasant summer afternoon, and the rows and rows of houses looked unusually bright and gay in the sun…(personification ) Explanation1. …years of housework had left their mark on her. (It was clear that she was used to doing housework. )2. The girls respected her because she had nerve and a good front of confidence…(She is courageous and good-looking, confident. )3. But her great quality was a capacity for being genuinely impervious to inattention. (Her real ability not to be affected when the students paid no attention to her)Unit 7 Science Has Spoiled My Supper主要内容I. SynonymsII. Complete the WordsIII. True or FalseIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. ExplanationVI. Reading Comprehension重点掌握VocabularyTrue or False1. American food is tasteless and innutritious. (F)2. Hatred is the very feeling the author of Lesson Seven has about what science has done to food. (T)3. What the author calls “cheese foods” used to be hand-made in small factories. (F)4. Scientists have changed the original taste of vegetables through breeding them. That is the sole reason why American vegetables are tasteless. ( F)5. As Americans are eating second-rate foods of more or less the same kind, they are actually eating the way hogs used to be fed by their ancestors. (T)Rhetorical Devices1. What matters if such peas taste like boiled paper wads? (simile)2. But, of the average tinned or glass-packed strawberry jam, you need half a cupful to get the idea of what you’re eating. (hyperbole)3. That is why, when error is committed in the name of Science, I feel the way a man would if his favorite uncle had taken to drink. (analogy)4. Everything, pretty much, tastes like the mosses of tundra, dug up in mid-winter. (simile)Explanation1. …the diet of most of us is well-balanced.(What most of us eat and drink contains the right amount and kind of food and drink necessary for health. )Unit 8 I’ll Never Escape the Ghetto主要内容I. SynonymsII. Complete the WordsIII. True or FalseIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. ExplanationVI. Reading Comprehension重点掌握VocabularyTrue or False1. Once talented young blacks have left watts, they are not expected to return home and actually no one has done so.(F)2. When the author left Watts for higher education, he had alreadymade up his mind to return home and make a career there. (T)3. Before the author enrolled in Yale Law School, Watts was alreadya topic for discussion on the campus. (T)Rhetorical Devices1. It was there, ironically enough, that the Odyssey turned homeward.(metaphor )2. My scholarship to college was a ticket. (metaphor)3. I adopted the language of escape. (metaphor)4. The parallel between a single individual’s success and the bootstrap effort of th e mass of ghetto youth is and remains too tenuous to comport with reality. (antithesis )Explanation1.There are no retractions or future deliverances.( One cannot change his mind and return home to be saved. (“future deliverances” has a biblical connotation: as is said in the Old Testament, God rescued the people of Israel by bringing there back to the Promised Land.))Unit 9 Vivisection主要内容I. SynonymsII. Complete the WordsIII. True or FalseIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. ExplanationVI. Reading Comprehension重点掌握VocabularyTrue or False1. It is irrational either to defend or oppose vivisection by appealing to the emotion of pity.( T)2. Though the infliction of pain in itself is an evil act, it requires no justification if it can be done for a good purpose. ( F)3. The author of Lesson Nine doesn’t think the victory of vivisectionists is final. (T)4. The sentiment that justifies cruelty to beasts leads to persecution of men of other race, class or religion. (T )5. Protest against vivisection used to be strong, but today no one dare show any opposition. (F)6. While accusing anti-vivisectionists of “sentimentality”, the naturalists fail to see that their loyalty to our own species is also a sentiment. (T)Rhetorical Devices1. If we find a man giving pleasure it is for us to prove (if we criticize him) that his action is wrong. But if we find a man inflicting pain it is for him to prove that his action is right. (antithesis)2. And if pain is not an evil, why should human suffering be reduced? (rhetorical question )3. The victory of vivisection marks a great advance in the triumph of ruthless, non-moral utilitarianism over the old world of ethical law;…(sarcasm)Explanation1. But the other side lies open to exactly the same charge. (Those who approve of vivisection are subject to the same charge of “sentimentality”)Unit 10 On Human Nature and Politics主要内容I. SynonymsII. Complete the WordsIII. True or FalseIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. ExplanationVI. Reading Comprehension重点掌握VocabularyTrue or False1. Modern men also have primitive impulse.(T )2. To walk 25 miles a day is the best outlet for man’s surplus physical energy. ( F)Rhetorical DevicesWhen the Arabs, who had been used to living sparingly on a few dates,acquired the riches of the Eastern Roman Empire…(understatement)I found myself unable to be in entire agreement with the grave men who utter these warnings. (pun)Explanation1. One of the troubles about vanity is that it grows with what it feeds on. (One grows more vain if one is encouraged in one’s vanity.)2.I never heard of a war that proceeded from dance halls. (Dancing can never lead to a war.)综合ClozeDirections: Fill in the missing words in the following passage: Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. _1__ the turn of the century when Jazz was born, America had no prominent _2__ of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was __3_-, or by whom. But it began to be _4_ in the early 1900s. Jazz is America’s contribution to __5__ music. In contrast to classical music, which __6__ formal European traditions. Jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy, __7__ moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz __8__ like America. And _9__ it does today.The __10__ of this music are as interesting as the music __11__, American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today were the Jazz _12__. They were brought to the Southern states __ 13_ slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long __14_. When a Negro diedhis friends and relatives __15__ a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the __16_-. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. __17__ on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their __18__, but the living were glad to be glad to be alive. The band played __19__ music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the melody the tunes __20__ at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of Jazz.1.(A) By (B) At (C) In (D) On2 . (A) music (B) song (C)melody(D)style3 .(A)discovered(B) acted (C)invented(D)designed4 .(A)noticed(B) found (C)listened(D)heard5 .(A)classical(B)sacred(C)Popular(D)light6 . (A) forms (B)follows(C)approaches(D)introduces7 .(A)expressing(B)explaining(C)exposing(D)illustrating8(A) (B) felt (C) (D). appeared seemed sounded9 . (A) as (B) so (C)either(D)neither1 0.(A)origins(B)originals(C)discoveries(D)resources1 1.(A)concerned(B)itself(C)available(D)oneself1 2.(A)players(B)followers(C) fans (D)pioneers13.(A) for (B) as (C) with (D) by1 4. (A) months (B) weeks (C) hours (D)times1 5.(A)demonstrated(B)composed(C)hosted(D)formed1 6.(A)demonstration(B)procession(C) body (D)march1 7. (A) Even (B)Therefore(C)Furthermore(D) But1 8. (A) number (B)members(C) body (D)relations1 9. (A) sad (B)solemn(C) happy (D)funeral2 0.(A)whistled(B) sung (C)presented(D)showedReading ComprehensionPassage 1: Read the following writing and then answer the questions. In the collected body of writing we call literature, there may bedistinguished two separate groupings capable of blending, but also fitted for reciprocal repulsion. There is first the literature of knowledge, and secondly the literature of power. The function of the first is to teach; the function of the second is to move. The first is rudder, the second an oar or sail. The first speaks to the mere discursive understanding; the second speaks ultimately to the higher understanding or reason, but always through the affection of pleasure and sympathy. Whenever we talk in ordinary language of seeking information or gaining knowledge, we understand the works as connected with absolute novelty. But it is the grandeur of all truth which can occupy a very high place in human interests, although it may not be absolutely novel to the meanest of minds.What do we learn from “Paradise Lost”? Nothing at all. What do we learn from a cook book? Something new, something we did not know before, in every paragraph. But would we therefore put the wretched cookbook on a higher level of estimation than the divine poem? What we owe to Milton is not any knowledge, of which a million separate items are still but a million advancing steps on the same earthly level; what we owe is power,。
(自考专升本资料)《高级英语》复习笔记3
高级英语复习笔记及讲解3Lesson Four1.dodge ： avoid , evade or elude 逃避.如；He was accused of dodging his taxes .他被指控逃税.You shouldn 't dodge your responsibilities. 你不能回避责认.move aside suddenly 突然闪开.如：I dodged out of the way when he threw a chair at me . 他将椅子向我扔来的时候,我急忙闪开.2.condemn： express an unfavorable judgement or opinion of 谴责.如：We condemned empty talk instead of hard work.我们谴责只说空话不务实的行为.3.to come to light ： to be discovered or revealed 暴露.如；On investigation some new facts came to light . 一经调查，一些新的事实就被暴露了.It has now come to light that he was financially backed by some interest group.人们刚刚得知，他受到了某个利益集团的经济支持.nguish ：1) become feeble ;droop ; lose liveliness orthe will to do things 凋萎，有气无力.如；languish from the heat /in prison/ in his dull job 由于天气炎热/坐牢/工作乏味而萎靡不振.2)suffer from a feeling of longing 苦思.如；languish for some kind words/her love 苦苦期盼一些抚慰的话语/ 她的爱.5.moral ： the moral teaching or practical lesson continued ina fable , tale , experience,etc.寓意.如；There is a moral to the story .这个故事有个寓意.arre ： unusual in appearance, style , or characters 夕卜貌,风格或性格怪异.如；a bizarre coincidence——次奇，怪的巧合;his bizrre behavior 他，怪异的行为.7.at her own request根据她本人的要求.另如：He wrote this book at the request of his 写了他根据……的要求那本书._vote on ：就进行表决.如：Let 's vote on this issue , since we can' t agree . 既然我们不能达成一致意见,就来投票表决吧.8.inprivate ： not publicly , secretly 私下.如：Such a thing is best discussed in private . 这种事情最好私卜讨论.He can be very rube in private, though he is usually polite in public .他私下可能很粗鲁，但在群众面前通常彬彬有礼.9.taboo adj.忌讳的，禁止的.如：This topic is taboo on the campus .校园里忌讳讨论这个话题.10.A. prolong ： cause sth. to continue longer 延长.如：I have to prolong my stay here for another three days . 我必须继续在这里呆三天时间.You should not have prolonged the ceremony . 你本不该延长仪式的时间.B. throes ： agony 痛苦.如；in death throes处于临终痛苦.11.h old out ： continue to last 坚持，挺住.如：Can you hold out much longer ?你能再坚持一段时间吗?12.a dminister to apple as a remedy 施用.如：administer laws执彳亍法律.The doctor administered some me medicine to the girl . 医生给女孩施用了一些药.ply with ： act in accordance with wishes , requirements or conditions 遵守（意愿，要求或条件等）.如；You ought to comply with the rules /the demands/ the 1aw/ the requests.你应该遵守规章/命令/法律/要求.14.p ose danger 造成危险.pose ： cause sth. to exist 导致产生.另如：pose problems 引起问题.15.b y contrast 相比之下.By contrast , his brother is quite easygoing . 相比之下，他的兄弟比拟好相处.16.u sher in ： herald 预报，宣告.如；usher in a new age of prosperity宣告新的繁荣时期的到来.The rising sun ushered in a new day . 太阳的升起宣告新的——天开始了.The cuckoo ushered in Spring.布谷鸟宣布春天到来.。
高级英语考试重点复习资料
高级英语考试重点复习资料高级英语复习资料一, 单词preoccupation ( n.) :a matter which takes up an one's attention令人全神贯注的事物oblivious ( adj.) :forgetful or unmindful(usually with of or to)忘却的；健忘的(常与of或to连用)gigantic ( adj.) :very big；huge；colossal；immense巨大的，庞大的，其大无比的heave (v．) :utter(a sign，groan，etc．)with great effort or pain(费劲或痛苦地)发出(叹息、呻吟声等)arresting (adj.) :attracting attention；interesting；striking引人注目的；有趣的slay ( v.) :(slew或slayed, slain，slaying)kill or destroy in a violent way杀害；毁掉linger ( v．) :continue to live or exist although very close to death or the end苟延；历久犹存agony ( n.) :very great mental or physical pain(精神上或肉体上的)极度痛苦demolish ( v．) :pull down，tear down，or smash to pieces 拆毁，拆除；破坏，毁坏humiliate ( v．) :hurt the pride or dignity of by causing to be or seem foolish or contemptible使受辱，使丢脸totter ( v.) :be unsteady on one's feet；stagger蹒跚而行lame (adj. ) :crippled；disabled；esp. having an injured leg or foot that makes one limp瘸的；残废的shuffle ( n.) :a slow dragging walk拖着脚走flicker ( v．) :move with a quick，light，wavering motion摇曳，摇动；晃动recompose ( v. ) : restore to composure使恢复镇静hug ( v．) :hold(someone)tightly in the arms搂抱；紧抱peek ( v．) :glance or look quickly and furtively，esp. through an opening or from behind something(尤指从缝隙或隐蔽处)偷看；窥视stoop ( v．) :bend(the head and shoulders)forwards and down屈身；弯腰scrap ( n.) :a small piece；bit；fragment；shred小片；碎片slam ( v．) :shut or allow to shut with force and noise使劲关(门等)；砰地(把门等)关上scrape ( v．) :(cause to)rub roughly(使)磨擦indistinguishable ( adj. ) : that cannot be distinguished as being different or separate不能区别的，不能辨别的，难区分的devoid ( adj.) :completely without；empty or destitute(of)完全没有的，缺乏的(后接of)ferocious ( adj.) :fierce；savage；violently cruel凶猛的，残忍的；凶恶的hideous ( adj.) :horrible to see，hear etc．；very ugly or revolting；dreadful骇人听闻的；非常丑陋的；可怕的swarm ( n.) :a moving mass，crowd，or throng(移动的)大群，大堆vestige ( n.) :a trace，mark，or sign of something that once existed but has passed away or disappeared残迹；遗迹；痕迹catastrophe ( n.) :any great and sudden calamity，disaster，or misfortune骤然而来的大灾难；灾祸；祸患prelude ( n.) :anything serving as the introduction to a principal event，action，performance，etc．；preliminary part；preface；opening序言；序幕orator ( n.) :a skilled，eloquent public speaker雄辩家erupt ( v．) :burst forth or out，as from some restraint进发；爆发；喷出legislature ( n.) :a body of persons given the responsibility and power to make laws for a country or state(esp. the lawmaking body of a state，corresponding to the U．S．Congress)立法机构(尤指美国的州议会)indict ( v．) :accuse；charge with the commission of a cime; esp. make formal accusation against on the basis of positive legal evidence usually said of the action of a grand jury控告，控诉；指控，告发，对……起诉attorney ( n.) :．any person legally empowered to act as agent for. or in behalf of，another(esp. a lawyer)(被当事人授权的法律事务中的)代理人denounce ( v．) :condemn strongly as evil谴责，指责，痛斥adjourn ( v. ) :close a session or meeting for the day or for a time休会，闭会；延期repel ( v．) :drive or force back；hold or ward off击退；抵挡住fervent ( adj.) :having or showing great warmth of feeling；intensely devoted or earnest；ardent；passionate热烈的，满怀热情的，热心的，深表热诚的；强烈的二，翻译I. 同义句。
自考00600《高级英语》背熟重点
Lesson 1: Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship? When Mick Jagger’s fans look at him as a high priest or a god, are you with them or against them? Do you share Chris Singer’s almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan? Do you think he – or Dylan – is misguided? Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick? Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies?Lesson 2: Four Choices for Young PeopleThe trouble with this solution is that it no longer is practical on a large scale. Our planet, unfortunately, is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscaped; except for the polar regions, the frontiers are gone. A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life – but in general the stream of migration is flowing the other way.Lesson 4: Die as You ChooseIn January the Journal of the American Medical Association published a bizarre letter, in which an anonymous doctor claimed to have killed a 20-year-old cancer patient at her own request. This started a debate that will rumble on into the autumn, when Californians may vote on a proposed law legalizing euthanasia. The letter was probably written for polemical impact. It is scarcely credible. It’s author claims that he met the cancer patient for the first time, heard five words from her – “Let’s get this over with” – then killer her. Even the most extreme proponents of euthanasia do not support such an action in those circumstances.Lesson 5: I’d Rather Be Black than FemaleIt is still women – about three million volunteers – who do most of this work in the American political world. The best any of them can hope for is the honor of being district or county vice-chairman, a kind of separate-but-equal position with which a woman is rewarded for years of faithful envelope stuffing and card-party organizing. I n such a job, she gets a number of free trips to state and sometimes national meetings and conventions, where her role is supposed to be to vote the way her male chairman votes.Lesson 6: A Good Chancethe back door which hung open, we saw people standing in the kitchen. I asked carefully, “What’s wrong?”Nobody spoke but Elgie came over, his bloodshot eyes filled with sorrow and misery. He stood in front of us for a moment and then gestured us to go into the living room. The room was filled with people sitting in silence, and finally Elgie said, quietly, “They shot him.”Lesson 7: Miss BrillAlthough it was so brilliantly fine – the blue sky powdered with gold and the great spots of light like white wine splashed over the Jardins Publiques – Miss Brill was glad that she had decided on her fur. The air was motionless, but when you opened your mouth there was just a faint chill, like a chill from a glass of iced water before you sip, and now and again a leaf came drifting – from nowhere, from they sky. Miss Brill put up her hand and touched her fur. Dear little thing! I t was nice to feel it again. She had taken it out of its box tat afternoon, shaken out the moth-powder, given it a good brush, and rubbed the life back into the dim little eyes. “What has been happening to me?” said the sad little eyes. Oh, how sweet it was to see them snap at her again from the red eiderdown! …But the nose, which was of some black composition, wasn’t at all firm. It must have had a knock, somehow. Never mind – a little dab of black sealing-wax when the time came – when it was absolutely necessary. … Little rogue! Yes, she really felt like that about it. Little rogue biting its tail just by her left ear. She could have taken it off and laid it on her lap and stroked it. She felt a tingling in her hands and arms. But that came from walking, she supposed. And when she breathed, something light and sad – no, not sad, exactly – something gentle seemed to move in her bosom.Lesson 8: A Lesson in Living"It was the best of times and the worst of times. . ." Her voice slid in and curved down through and over the words. She was nearly singing. I wanted to look at the pages. Were they the same that I had read? Or were there notes, music, lined on the pages, as in a hymn book? Her sounds began cascading gently. I knew from listening; to a thousand preachers that she was nearing the end of her reading, and I hadn't really heard, heard to understand, a single word.I have tried often to search behind the sophistication of years for the enchantment I so easilyI said aloud, "It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done…" tears of love filled my eyes at my selflessness.Lesson 9: The Trouble with TelevisionEverything about this nation—the structure of the society, its forms of family organization, its economy, its place in the world— has become more complex, not less. Yet its dominating communications instrument, its principal form of national linkage, is one that sells neat resolutions to human problems that usually have no neat resolutions. It is all symbolized in my mind by the hugely successful art form that television has made central to the culture, the 30-second commercial: the tiny drama of the earnest housewife who finds happiness in choosing the right toothpaste.When before in human history has so much humanity collectively surrendered so much of its leisure to one toy, one mass diversion? When before has virtually an entire nation surrendered itself wholesale to a medium for selling?Lesson 11: On Getting Off to SleepWhat a bundle of contradictions is a man! Surety, humour is the saving grace of us, for without it we should die of vexation. With me, nothing illustrates the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep. If, for example, my intention is to write an essay, and 1 have before me ink and pens and several sheets of virgin paper, you may depend upon it that before I have gone very far I feel an overpowering desire for sleep, no matter what time of the day it is. I stare at the reproachfully blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused, and it is only by an effort of will that I can continue at all. Even then, I proceed half-heartedly, in a kind of dream. But let me be between the sheets at a late hour, and I can do anything but sleep. Between chime and chime of the clock I can write essays by the score. Fascinating subjects and noble ideas come pell-mell, each with its appropriate imagery and expression. Nothing stands between me and half-a-dozen imperishable masterpieces but pens, ink, and paper.Lesson 12: Why I Writeof good prose or the rhythm of a good story. Desire to share an experience whichvaluable and ought not to be missed…Lesson 14: I Would Like to Tell You SomethingThe investigation was not staged so that veterans could spill out their hearts or purge their souls; it was done to prove that the policy of the United States in Indochina is tantamount to genocide, and that not only the soldiers are responsible for what is happening, but that everyone here in America who has allowed the brutalization and de-personalization to go on is responsible. It was done also to show that you don't start making things right by prosecuting William Galley, no matter how guilty he may be; you also prosecute the men who encouraged the situation. It was done to show that there is not just one Mylai but countless Mylais and they are continuing every single day. There was an almost total press blackout on the testimony of those veterans.Lesson 15: The Beauty IndustryWomen, it is obvious, are freer than in the past. Freer not only to perform the generally unenviable social functions hitherto reserved to the male, but also freer to exercise the more pleasing, feminine privilege of being attractive. They have the right, if not to be less virtuous than their grandmothers, at any rate to look less virtuous. The British Matron, not long since a creature of austere and even terrifying aspect, now does her best to achieve and perennially preserve the appearance of what her predecessor would have described as a Lost Woman. She often succeeds. But we are not shocked—at any rate, not morally shocked. Aesthetically shocked—yes; we may sometimes be that. But morally, no. We concede that the Matron is morally justified in being preoccupied with her personal appearance. This concession depends on another of a more general nature—a concession to the Body, with a large B, to the Manichaean principle of evil. For we have now come to admit that the body has its rights. And not only rights—duties, actually duties. It has, for example, a duty to do the best it can for itself in the way of strength and beauty. Christian-ascetic ideas no longer trouble us. We demand justice for the body as well as for the soul. Hence, among other things, the fortunes made by face-cream manufacturers and beauty-specialists, by the vendors of rubber reducing belts and massage machines, by the patentees of hair-lotions and the authors of books on the culture of the abdomen.下册Lesson One The Company in Which I workOn days when I ‘m especially melancholy , I began constructing tables of organization….classifying people in the company on the basis of envy , hope , fear , ambition , frustration, rivalry , hatred , or disappointment . I call these charts my Happiness Charts . These exercises in malice never fail to boost my spirits ----but only for a while . I rank pretty high when the company is analyzed this way , because I ‘m not envious or disappointed , and I have no expectations . At the very top , of course , are those people , mostly young and without dependents , to whom the company is not yet an institution of any sacred merit but still only a place to work , and who regard their present association with it as something temporary . I put these people at the top because if you asked any one of them if he would choose to spend the rest of his life working for the company , he would give you a resounding No ! , regardless of what inducements were offered . I was that high once . if you asked me that same question today, I would also give you a resounding No ! and add:Lesson Two EvelineBut in her new home , in a distant unknown country , it would not be like that . Then she would be married ---she , Eveline . People would treat her with respect then . She would not be treated as her mother had been . Even now , though she was over nineteen , she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father’s violence . She knew it was that that had given her the palpitations . When they were growing up he had never gone for her , like he used to go for Harry and Ernest , because she was a girl ; but latterly he had begun to threaten her and say what he would do to her only for her dead mother’s sake . And now she had nobody to protect her , Ernest was dead and Harry ,who was in the church decorating business , was nearly always down somewhere in the country . Besides , the invariable squabble for money on Saturday nights had begun to weary her unspeakably . She always gave her entire wages ----seven shillings ----and Harry always sent up what he could , but the trouble was to get any money from her father . He said she used to squander the money , that she had no head , that he wasn’t going to give her his hard-earned money to throw about the streets ,elbowed her way through the crowds and returning home late under her load of provisions . She had hard work to keep the house together and to see that the two young children who had been left to her charge went to school regularly and got their meals regularly . It was hard work ----a hard life ----but now that she was about to leave it she did not find it a wholly undesirable life .She stood among the swaying crowd in the station at the North Wall .He held her hand and she knew that he was speaking to her , saying something about the passage over and over again . The station was full of soldiers with brown baggages . Through the wide doors of the sheds she caught a glimpse of the black mass of the boat , lying in beside the quay wall , with illumined portholes . She answered nothing . She felt her cheek pale and cold and , out of a maze of distress , she prayed to God to direct her , to show her what was her duty . The boat blew a long mournful whistle into the mist . If she went , tomorrow she would be on the sea with Frank , steaming towards Buenos Ayres . Their passage had been booked . Could she still draw back after all he had done for her ? Her distress awoke a nausea in her body and she kept moving her lips in silent fervent prayer .Lesson Three What’s Wrong With Our Press ?The fact is that although network television still allots too little time to the vital service of informing the public , it does a better job in that little time than the nation’s press as a whole . And when I speak of the nation’s press as a whole , I am not speaking of the five or six splendid newspapers ----and the one great newspaper -----which serve the world as models of responsible public information . I am speaking of the local press which in hundreds of American communities is the only news available , aside from those recitals of ticker tape that pass for radio news .Fortunately for the American public , television does not tolerate the kind of distortion of fact , the kind of partisan virulence and personal peeve , that many newspapers not only welcome but encourage . In its entertainment , television caters far too much to the lowest instincts of man , particularly the lust for violence . But there is one appetite it does not feed and which the partisan newspapers of the nation do : the appetite for hate ---hate of whatever is different . I do not find on televison the kind of editorials chronic in the New York tabloids as well as in many local papers across the country .that elevates news above dogfood . it is easier to write editorial copy that appeal to emotion rather than reason .Lesson Four The Tragedy of Old Age in AmericaWhat can we possibly conclude from these discrepant points of view ? Our popular attitudes could be summed up as a combination of wishful thinking and stark terror . We base our feelings on primitive fears , prejudice and stereotypes rather than on knowledge and insight . In reality , the way one experiences old age is contingent upon physical health , personality , earlier-life experiences , the actual circumstances of late –life events ( in what order they occur , how they occur , when they occur ) and the social supports one receives : adequate finances , shelter, medical care , social roles , religious support , recreation . All of these are crucial and interconnected elements which together determine the quality of late life .Lesson Seven Ace in the HoleNo sooner did his car touch the boulevard heading home than Ace flicked on the radio . He needed the radio , especially today . In the seconds before the tubes warmed up , he said aloud , doing it just to hear a human voice , “ Jesus . She ‘ll pop her lid . “ His voice , though familiar , irked him ; it sounded thin and scratchy . In a deeper register Ace added , “ She’ll murder me . “ Then the radio came on , warm and strong , so he stopped worrying . The five Kings were doing “ Blueberry Hill “ ; to hear them made Ace feel so sure inside that from the pack pinched between the car roof and the sun shield he plucked a cigarette , hung it on his lower lip , snapped a match across the rusty place on the dash . He rolled down the window and snapped the match so it spun end-over-end into the gutter . “ Two points , “ he said , and cocked the cigarette toward the roof of the car , sucked powerfully , and exhaled two plumes through his nostrils . He was beginning to feel like himself , Ace Anderson , for the first time that whole day , a bad day . He beat time on the accelerator . The car jerked crazily .The run must have tuned Bonnie up . When they got back home , as soon as he lowered her into the crib , she began to shout and wave her arms . He didn’t want to play with her . He tossed some blocks and rattle into the crib an walked into the bathroom , where he turned on the hot water andwent bald first . He remembered reading somewhere , though , that baldness shows virility .Lesson Eight Science Has Spoiled My SupperEconomics entered . It is possible to turn out in quantity a bland , impersonal , practically imperishable substance more or less resembling , say cheese ---at lower cost than cheese . Chain groceries shut out the independent stores and “ standardization “ became a principal means of cutting cost .Lesson Ten How Market Leaders Keep Their EdgeThe third value discipline we have named customer intimacy . Its adherents focus on delivering not what the market wants but what specific customers want . Customer-intimate companies do not pursue one-time transactions ; they cultivate relationships . They specialize in satisfying unique needs , which often only they recognize , through a close relationship with ---and intimate knowledge of ----the customer . Their proposition to the customer: We have the best solution for you , and we provide all the support you need to achieve optimum results , or value , or both , from whatever products you buy . Long distance telephone carrier Cable& Wireless , , for example , practices customer intimacy with a vengeance , achieving success in a highly competitive market by consistently going the extra mile for its selectively chosen , small-business customers .Lesson Eleven On Human Nature and PoliticsBut great as is the influence of the motives we have been considering , there is one which outweighs them all... Power, like vanity, is insatiable. Nothing short of omnipotence could satisfy it completely. And as it is especially the vice of energetic men, the casual efficacy of love of power is out of all proportion to its frequency. It is, indeed, by far the strongest motive in the lives of important men. Love of power is greatly increased by the experience of power, and this applies to petty power as well as to that of potentates. In the happy days before 1914,when well-to-do ladies could acquire a host of servants, their pleasure in exercising power over the domestics steadily increased with age. Similarly, in any autocratic regime, the holders of power become increasingly tyrannical with experience of the delights that power can afford. Since power over human beings is shown inconsent. If you require a building permit, the petty official concerned will obviously get more pleasure from saying "No" than from saying "Yes". It is this sort of thing which makes the love of power such a dangerous motive . But it has other sides which are more desirable . The pursuit of knowledge is, I think, mainly actuated by love of power. And so are all advances in scientific technique. In politics, also, a reformer may have just as strong a love of power as a despot . It would be a complete mistake to decry love of power altogether as a motive. Whether you will be led by this motive to actions which are useful, or to actions which are pernicious, depends upon the social system, and upon your capacities.Lesson Twelve The Everlasting WitnessThe three were eating breakfast on the terrace, a thousand and one felicitous birds in the garden trees. In unsullied damp brown circles of soft earth the roses bloomed serenely against the pink Mexican wall. Marian's brother-in-law read the English page, as dedicated as a nice little boy reading the funnies, and Theresa, Marian's sister, chatted softly and merrily about their next week-end holiday. Theresa's bright smile had always been her mark and now, childless and with a husband beyond war age, and a life both ordered and gay, it looked as if that smile had justified itself.Lesson Thirteen Selected SnobberiesAll men are snobs about something. One is almost tempted to add : There is nothing about which men cannot feel snobbish. But this would doubtless be an exaggeration. There are certain disfiguring and mortal diseases about which there has probably never been any snobbery. I cannot imagine, for exam4ple, that there are any leprosy-snobs. More picturesque diseases, even when they are dangerous, and less dangerous diseases, particularly when they are the diseases of the rich, can be and very frequently are a source of snobbish self-importance. I have met several adolescent consumption-snobs , who thought that it would be romantic to fade away in the flower of youth , like Keats or Marie Bashkirtseff. Alas, the final stages of the consumptive fading are generally a good deal less romantic than these ingenuous young tubercle-snobs seem to imagine . To anyone who has actually witnessed these final stages, the complacent poeticizings of these adolescents must seem as exasperating as they are profoundly pathetic. In the case ofexasperation is not tempered by very much sympathy. People who possesssufficient wealth, not to mention sufficient health, to go travelling from spa to spa. from doctor to fashionable doctor, in search of cures from problematical diseases (which, in so far as they exist at all. probably have their source in overeating) cannot expect us to be .very lavish in our solicitude and pity.lesson fourteen Saturday Night and Sunday MorningHe sat by the canal fishing on a Sunday morning in spring, at an elbow where alders dipped over the water like old men on their last legs, pushed by young sturdy oaks from behind. He straightened his back, his fingers freeing nylon line from a speedily revolving reel. Around him lay knapsack and jacket, an empty catch-net, his bicycle, and two tins of worms dug from the plot of garden at home before setting out. Sun was breaking through clouds, releasing a smell of earth to heaven. Birds sang. A soundless and minuscular explosion of water caught his eye. He moved nearer the edge, stood up, and with a vigorous sweep of his arm, cast out the line.Lesson Fifteen Is America Falling Apart?During my year's stay in New Jersey I let my appetite flower into full Americanism except for one thing. I did not possess an automobile. This self-elected deprivation was a way into the nastier side of the consumer society. Where private ownership prevails, public amenities decay or are prevented from coming into being. The rundown rail services of America are something I try, vainly, to forget. The nightmare of filth, outside and in, that enfolds the trip from Springfield, Mass., to Grand Central Station would not be accepted in backward Europe. But far worse is the nightmare of travel in and around Los Angeles, where public transport does not exist and people are literally choking to death in their exhaust fumes . This is part of the price of individual ownership.Lesson sixteen Through the TunnelAs for Jerry, once he saw that his mother had gained her beach , he began the steep descent to the bay . From where he was, high up among red-brown rocks, it was a scoop of moving bluish green fringed with white. As he went lower, he saw that it spread among small promontories and inlets of rough, sharp rock, and the crisping, lapping surface showed stains of purple and darkerblue.。
自考04729《大学英语》总复习资料
自考04729《大学英语》总复习资料一、词汇复1. 同义词- 孤独的：独自的，寂寞的- 知识：学问，智慧- 帮助：援助，协助- 丰富：富饶，充实- 快乐：愉快，欢乐2. 反义词- 机会：困境，难题- 好的：坏的，差的- 增加：减少，减轻- 美丽：丑陋，丑恶- 安全：危险，不安全二、语法复1. 时态练- 现在进行时：I am studying English.- 过去进行时：She was reading a book.- 将来进行时：We will be leaving soon.- 现在完成时：He has finished his homework.- 过去完成时：They had already left when I arrived.2. 名词复数形式- 单数变复数：- car - cars- book - books- box - boxes- dish - dishes- 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的加es：- dress - dresses- brush - brushes- box - boxes- watch - watches- 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i，再加es：- city - cities- baby - babies- party - parties- body - bodies- 不规则复数形式：- man - men- woman - women- child - children- goose - geese三、阅读理解练Johnny is a shy and lonely boy. He has no friends at school and spends most of his time alone. One day, Johnny's teacher noticed his lonel。
自考00600《高级英语》通关三部曲（全）
⾃考00600《⾼级英语》通关三部曲（全）《⾼级英语通关三部曲》第⼀部：同义词辨析1. argue debatev. 都有争论，辩论的意思。
argue 暗⽰引证理由或证据来⽀持⾃⼰的观点，主张或看法；debate意思为正式辩论，通常指在对⽴的两派或持有对⽴看法的⼈们之间就某⼀公开的问题进⾏争论。
You are arguing entirely from false premises.你完全是依据⼀个错误的前提进⾏争论的。
They debate for over two hours on the merits of the two different systems.他们就两种不同体制的优点辩论了两个多⼩时。
2. proud arrogantadj. 都有“骄傲的’’,“傲慢的”之意。
proud 意思为⾃尊的，⾃负的，指⾃⼰感觉⽐别⼈强，感到光荣或得意；arrogant 意思为傲慢的，⾃⼤的，含有趾⾼⽓扬，咄咄逼⼈的意味，常⽤于⼩⼈得志的情况。
They are poor but very proud, they never borrow money or ask for help.他们虽然贫穷但很骄傲，从不借钱或乞求帮助。
He is always speaking in an arrogaant tone.他总是⽤⼀种傲慢的⼝吻说话。
3. mix blendv. 都有“混合’’的意思。
mix意思为多种成分的混合,各构成成分失去⾃⾝的存在；blend指可以和谐共存的事物的混合。
Oil and water do not mix.油和⽔不相混合。
These two colours blend well.这两种颜⾊搭配协调。
4. conceive imaginev. 都有“想”, “想象” 的意思。
conceive表⽰脑⼦⾥已经想出了主意，计划等，常暗⽰⼈们在脑⼦⾥考虑着⼀个想法，直到考虑成熟；imagine更强烈的暗⽰脑⼦⾥形象化的想象，表⽰在头脑中清楚的展⽰⼀幅图像。
2023年自考高级英语重点
《高级英语（上）》重点知识第一课1.课文重点段落：2、4、5、6. 重,点短语：adulation> disaffection> embody> reverence> sprinkle> swelter2.重点短语:conceive of：设想,想象、seeas：把视为，把当作、rather than：不是而是、take place：发生第二课3.课文重点段落：1、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、12. 重点短语：affluent、available> cleanse> dwindle> disillusionment、tedious> relevant4.重点短语：contributeto奉献，捐款、batten on：靠损害别人养肥自己、drop out：放弃，退出第三课5.课文重点段落：2、3、15、16、17、21、30. 重点短语：apologetic> apprehension> coax> contemptible> desist6.重点短语：break in：插入，闯入、hold down：控制、reduce to：变成第四课7.课文重点段落：2、6、7、8. 重点短语：arguable> dodge> intrude> languish>legalize8.重点短语：come to light公布于众、go over：检查细节、hold out：连续、omply with依从，顺从第五课.课文重点段落：1、2、4、6、7、10、12、15、169. 重点短语：drawback、incredulous> inferior> predominate> mold> register.重点短语：be content with：满足、be supposed to：理应,应当、run for：竞选、be awareof：意识，知道、convince sb. of sth./that说服，使相信2)so…that…表达该句自身存在一种逻辑上的因果关系。
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自考高级英语复习资料
自考高级英语复习资料
自考高级英语是许多自考生最为头疼的科目之一。
因为相较于其他科目，高级
英语需要掌握的知识面更广，难度也更大。
为了帮助自考生们更好地备考高级
英语，本文将提供一些复习资料和技巧，希望能对大家有所帮助。
一、词汇与语法
词汇和语法是高级英语考试中最基础、也是最重要的部分。
为了提升词汇量，
自考生们可以通过背单词、阅读英语原著等方式进行积累。
同时，要注意掌握
常见的短语和固定搭配，这些在阅读和写作中经常会用到。
在语法方面，自考生们需要熟悉各种句型的构成和用法。
可以通过刷题来巩固
自己的语法知识，同时也要多读多写，提高自己的语感和语法运用能力。
二、阅读理解
阅读理解是高级英语考试中的重点部分。
自考生们需要能够快速准确地理解和
分析一篇英文文章。
为了提高阅读理解能力，自考生们可以多读一些英文报纸、杂志和小说，培养自己的阅读习惯。
在阅读过程中，可以尝试用英语进行思考
和总结，提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力。
此外，刷题也是提高阅读理解能力的有效方式。
可以选择一些真题进行练习，
了解考试的题型和出题规律，同时也能够提高自己的答题速度和准确性。
三、写作能力
写作是高级英语考试中的一项重要能力。
自考生们需要能够用正确的语法和丰
富的词汇表达自己的观点和想法。
为了提高写作能力，自考生们可以多写作文，尝试不同的题材和风格。
可以选择一些热门话题进行写作，提高自己对时事的
了解和思考能力。
在写作过程中，要注意语法和拼写的正确性，同时也要注重文章的结构和逻辑。
可以多读一些优秀的英文文章，学习其中的表达方式和写作技巧。
四、听力和口语
听力和口语是高级英语考试中的另外两个重要部分。
自考生们需要能够听懂英
语原音材料，同时也要能够流利地用英语进行口语表达。
为了提高听力能力，自考生们可以多听一些英语广播、英语电影和英语原著的
录音，培养自己的听力习惯。
可以选择一些听力练习材料进行训练，提高自己
的听力水平。
在口语方面，自考生们可以尝试参加一些英语角或者英语口语培训班，提高自
己的口语表达能力。
同时也要多与他人进行英语交流，锻炼自己的口语能力。
总之，自考高级英语的复习需要有系统性和规划性。
自考生们可以根据自己的
实际情况，合理安排复习时间和学习内容。
同时也要保持良好的学习习惯，多
进行练习和总结，提高自己的英语能力。
相信通过努力和坚持，大家一定能够
顺利通过高级英语考试。