主语从句与强调句
各类从句及强调句的结构和用法
各类从句及强调句的结构和用法定语从句：是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。
名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be 句型。
一、限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置。
2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间注意：值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, suchas towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody,something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导二、非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于inwhich, at which, for which或at whichAttitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that (in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
2020备考高考语法--强调句 讲解与练习
2020备考高考英语语法-- 强调句一．强调句的基本用法：强调句的基本形式：It +is/was +被强调的部分+that/ who +原句被强调的部分可以强调主语、宾语、时间状语、原因状语、地点状语和方式状语It was only when the car pulled up in front of the house____ we saw Lily in the passenger1.强调句与since、before 和when引导句型的区别1).It was/is+ (时刻，或时间点）+ when …..当某事发生时，是几点钟或哪一年如：It was 1997 when Hongkong returned to China.It was five o'clock when we arrived at the small mountain village.It was midnight when he got home.对比：It was at five o'clock ______ we arrived at the small mountain village.( that)2).It+ is/ was+…+that…多用于强调3).It was+一段时间+ before sb did sth. 过了一段时间之后，才….It will be +一段时间before sb do sth. 要过一段时间之后，才…..It won’t be long before sb do sth .不久之后就...It wasn’t long before sb did sth. 不久之后就…如：It was two years before Macao returned to China.It won’t be long before you see him again. 没过多久你就会再见到他。
强调句型
强调句型一．定义及用法二被强调成分【习题精炼】1.Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down?A. where √B. thatC. whichD. What2.It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do______benefits our work most. A. who B. which √C. that D. what3.—Have you seem the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?— Of course, I have. It was in our village _______ it was made.√A.that B.where C.when D.which4.It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistentlyA .which √B. that C. how D. when5.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where √B. that C. when D. which6.J ohn’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work______has made him what he is today. A. why B. when C. which √D. that7.It was in New Zealand______ Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.√A.that B.how C.which D.when8.It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.A. howB. which √C. thatD. where9.It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.√A.that B.when C.while D.as10.It is not who is right but what is right_______is of importance.A.which B.it √C.that D.this11.It was after he got what he had desired _____√A.that B.when C.since D.as12.I just wonder_______A.why it doesB.what he doeC.how it is √D.what it is13.(2010河北唐山模拟)Was it near the white building, if I may ask, ________ Martin LutherKing gave a speech “I have a dream”？ A．Where √B．That C．Why D．in which 14.I just don't understand________ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect. A．why it does B．what it does √C．what it is D．why it is 15.(2010湖南雅礼中学月考) ________ find my wallet, Tom?A．Where did you that B．Where was it youC．Where have you √D．Where was it that you16.(2010安徽期末联考) — ______ the accident happened?— It's said to happen on his way to work.A．Do you know it is where that B．Where is it that do you knowC．Do you know where it is that √D．Where do you know it is thatKeys: 1-5 BCABB 6-10 DACAC 11-15 ACBCD 16 D三not until用于强调句1.It was _____ he came back from Africa that wear _________ he met the girl he would like to marry. A. when; then B. not; until √C. not until; that D. only; when2.It was not until she got homeA.when √B.thatC.whereD.before四．强调句型中的主谓一致五．与其他从句的区别六．强调形式七．强调句的语法结构。
英语强调句型
∙强调句的概念：强调句(The Emphatic Pattern) 是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。
通过各种方式对句子中的某个部分进行强调，从而起到修辞的作用。
英语常用的强调结构有：It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+that/who...；what…be…句型；∙强调句的使用:∙一、强调句句型：1、用It is／was...that／who...句型表示强调。
（1）陈述句的强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.（2）一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?（3）特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born?注：被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。
如：原句：He met an old friend in the park yesterday.强调主语：It was he who/that met an old friend in the park yesterday.强调宾语：It was an old friend that/who he met in the park yesterday.强调地点状语：It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that he met an old friend in the park.∙使用强调句型有以下几点请注意：①强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数。
强调句型与其他带有it的复合句型的区别
一、 与主语从句的区别。
强调句与主语从句虽然在形式上很相似，都含有it is / was... that... ,但是它们有一个很重要的区别，强调句去掉it is / was和 that之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主语从句却不能这样。试比较：
（1） it is the early bird that catches the worm.
3. ―it’s a long time ____ we met last.
―yes, and what a pity since it will be long _____ we see each other again.
a. since; that b. that; before
（3） it was around 100 years ago _____ the modern olympic games began to be held．
（4） it is around 100 years _____ the modern olympic games began to be held．
强调句型与其他带有it的复合句型的区别 /9/view-2293614.htm
/qktype15/
（3） it was not long _____ he sensed the danger of the position．
（4） it is long _____ i’ve been away, but it doesn’t seem so long.
a. when b. that
（1） it is two hours that he spends on english every day.
辨别强调句、定语从句、主语从句、状语从句
辨别强调句、定语从句、主语从句、状语从句（要点精讲）一、强调句与各从句的比较1．强调句与主语从句的比较强调句将句子中的It is/was … that同时省去，句子仍然成立；而主语从句不能。
如：(1)It was Tom that saw Jane at the movie theater yesterday. 是汤姆昨天在电影院见到简。
本句若将It was及that同时省去为：Tom saw Jane at the movie theater yesterday. 句子同样成立，因此该句是强调句。
(2)It is true that he is a man of few words.本句若将It is及that同时省去为：true he is a man of few words.，显然句子错误，因此，该句不是强调句，而是主语从句。
2．强调句与定语从句的比较(1)强调句中的It没有实际意义，It be与that同时去掉后句子仍然成立；而定语从句中的It be与that不可同时省略。
(2)在强调句中连接词只有that、who，并且不可以省略；而在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that，which，who，whom或关系副词when，where，why等，而that在从句中作宾语的时候可以省略。
(3)强调句中可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容；而定语从句的先行词（中心词）一般是名词或名词短语。
比较下列句子①It is on the island that they spent 10 years.②It is the island where (on which) they spent 10 years.解析：①表示地点的名词the island前有介词与其连用，说明它是一个完整的地点状语。
如果将it is及that去掉：They spent 10 years on the island.它的意义仍然完整。
英语中常见的强调句型
英语中常见的强调句型英语中常见的强调句型英语中有时为了需要，经常要强调句⼦中的某⼀成分，要⽤到⼀些强调句型。
英语中常见的⽤来表⽰强调的句型有以下⼏种。
1. It is / was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他成分(其中被强调部分主语?宾语?状语，但不能是定语或谓语)如: It was I who / that met him in the park this morning.(强调主语) 今天早上正是我在公园⾥遇见了他。
It was him that I met in the park this morning.(强调宾语) 今天早上我在公园⾥遇见的正是他。
It was in the park that I met him this morning.(强调地点状语) 今天早上我正是在公园⾥遇见了他。
It was this morning that I met him in the park.(强调时间状语) 正是在今天早上我在公园⾥遇见了他。
It was because he was ill that he didn’t go to school today.(强调原因状语) 今天他没去上学是因为他⽣病了。
注意 (1)如果原句中谓语动词使⽤的是现在范畴的时态(⼀般现在时?现在进⾏时?现在完成 / 现在完成进⾏时?⼀般将来时?将来进⾏时?将来完成时等)⽤It is...that...。
如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(⼀般过去时?过去进⾏时?过去完成时?过去将来时等)则⽤It was...that...。
如: It was Peter who / that got the first place in the final exam. 正是彼特在期末考试中得了第⼀名。
It is not everyone who / that can pass the collge entrance exam. ⾼考并不是每个⼈都能上线。
强调句和各从句的区别
一、定语从句与名词性从句句式结构用法比较 定语从句常易与主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句等名词性从句相混淆。
判断的方法是：由关系代词或副词引起的句子直接充当句中某一成分，即为名词性从句；如果这个句子修饰前面的一个名词即先行词或指代整个句子的内容，即为定语从句。
例1. (1) As is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2) It is known to everyone that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 比较：(1)两个句子之间有连接词，而且由逗号分隔。
根据前一分句意义“正如大家所知道的(众所周知)”分析，该句应用关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句整个句子内容。
(2)两个句子之间有连接词that连接。
根据句意分析，that所引起的从句为主语从句，故该句应选用it作形式主语置于句首，引导主语从句。
例2. (1)Shenzhen is no longer what it used to be. (2) Shenzhen is no longer the place that it used to be. 比较：(1)句中没有充当表语的名词，故应选用代词what(……样子)引起一个表语从句。
(2)句中表语名词the place 被it used to be所修饰，且充当其句中表语。
故应选用关系代词that指代先行词the place引起一个定语从句。
例3. (1) Please tell me the reason why he didn't attend the meeting. (2) Please tell me why he didn't attend the meeting. 比较：(1)句中充当宾语的名词the reason被he didn't attend the meeting所修饰，且充当句中的原因状语。
主语从句的注意事项
高二英语：主语从句“四难点”主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语ｉｔ代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
一、主语从句和强调句的比较为了避免句子的头重脚轻，常将ｔｈａｔ引导的主语从句放在后边，用ｉｔ作形式主语代替主语从句。
引导主语从句的词有连词ｔｈａｔ，ｗｈｅｔｈｅｒ牷疑问代词ｗｈｏ，ｗｈａｔ，ｗｈｉｃｈ牷疑问副词ｗｈｅｎ，ｗｈｅｒｅ，ｈｏｗ，ｗｈｙ等。
而强调句则是对句子的某一部分进行强调，其句型结构为：“Ｉｔｉｓ（ｗａｓ）＋被强调部分＋ｔｈａｔ＋句子的其他成分”。
这里值得注意的是：无论强调句中的哪一部分，都用连词ｔｈａｔ。
被强调部分指人时也可用ｗｈｏ或ｗｈｏｍ。
因此，同学们很容易将主语从句与强调句混淆。
判断一句话是否为强调句的关键是：试着将句中的“Ｉｔｉｓ（ｗａｓ）．．．ｔｈａｔ”这一部分去掉，经整理剩下的部分还是一句完整的句子，那么这就是强调句。
如：Ｉｔｉｓａｐｉｔｙｔｈａｔｙｏｕｄｉｄｎ ｔｇｏｔｏｓｅｅｔｈｅｆｉｌｍ．（去掉“Ｉｔｉｓ．．．ｔｈａｔ”后，所剩部分不成一句话，故本句不是强调句，而是ｔｈａｔ引导的主语从句。
）Ｉｔｄｏｅｓｎ ｔｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｍｅｗｈｅｔｈｅｒｙｏｕｓｕｃｃｅｅｄｏｒｎｏｔ．（ｗｈｅｔｈｅｒ引导主语从句）Ｉｔｗａｓｉｎｔｈｅｍｏｒｎｉｎｇｔｈａｔｔｈｅｍｕｒｄｅｒｔｏｏｋｐｌａｃｅ．（去掉“Ｉｔｗａｓ．．．ｔｈａｔ”，经整理后的句子为：Ｔｈｅｍｕｒｄｅｒｔｏｏｋｐｌａｃｅｉｎｔｈｅｍｏｒｎｉｎｇ．故本句为强调句，强调时间状语。
）ＩｔｉｓＪｏｈｎｔｈａｔｂｒｏｋｅｔｈｅｗｉｎｄｏｗ．（去掉“Ｉｔｉｓ．．．ｔｈａｔ”，经整理后的句子为：Ｊｏｈｎｂｒｏｋｅｔｈｅｗｉｎｄｏｗ．故本句为强调句，强调主语。
）二、用ｉｔ作形式主语的结构１．Ｉｔｉｓ＋名词＋从句如：ＩＩｔｉｓａｇｒｅａｔｐｌｅａｓｕｒｅｔｈａｔｙｏｕａｒｅｈｅｒｅ．２．Ｉｔｉｓ＋形容词＋从句如：ＩｔｉｓｎｅｃｅｓｓａｒｙｔｈａｔｙｏｕｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅｔｈｅｄｅｓｉｇｎｂｅｆｏｒｅＮａｔｉｏｎａｌＤａｙ．Ｉｔｉｓｃｅｒｔａｉｎｔｈａｔｐｒｉｃｅｓｗｉｌｌｇｏｕｐ．３．Ｉｔ＋过去分词＋从句如：Ｉｔｉｓｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｄｔｈａｔｈｅｗｉｌｌｇｏｔｏａｋｅｙｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙａｆｔｅｒｔｈｒｅｅｙｅａｒｓ ｈａｒｄｗｏｒｋ．Ｉｔｉｓｓａｉｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｓｐｏｒｔｓｍｅｅｔｉｎｇｗｉｌｌｂｅｐｕｔｏｆｆ．４．Ｉｔｉｓ＋不及物动词＋从句如：Ｉｔｈａｐｐｅｎｅｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｗｅａｔｈｅｒｗａｓｅｘ ｃｅｐｔｉｏｎａｌｌｙｃｏｌｄ．Ｉｔａｐｐｅａｒｓｔｈａｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｅｄｍｙａｄｖｉｃｅ．ｔｉｓａｐｉｔｙｔｈａｔｍｙｎｅｗｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒｄｏｅｓｎ ｔｗｏｒｋ．三、主语从句不可位于句首的四种情况１．Ｉｔｉｓｓａｉｄ／ｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄ．．．结构中的主语从句一般不提前。
教学案例——It强调句和主语从句之区别
外语外文课程教育研究12 学法教法研究案例背景：高二进入选修课阶段以来，代词it 在课本以及各大题型中层出不穷，每次出现都是对学生分析句子能力的一个考验。
有相当一部分同学因为弄不清句子结构而影响到了语篇理解，影响到了选题的准确率。
在选修6册书第二模块的课文中，在讲解这篇文章的时候，这句话It was only in 1997 that she completed the fi rst Harry Potter story ，which ，because the publishers in the USA requested an adjustment to the title ，was also known as Harry potter and the Sorcerer ’s Stone.（Para.3）的句子结构，大家争论不休。
我决定以此句为切入点，在本篇文章中就地取材，教会大家分析代词it 在句子中的成分的技巧与方法。
案例描述：在讲解选修6第二模块的reading ——The Story of Harry Potter and J.K.Rowling （J.K.罗琳与哈利波特故事）时，大家对第3 段的这句话It was only in 1997 that she completed the fi rst Harry Potter story ，which ，because the publishers in the USA requested an adjustment to the title ，was also known as Harry potter and the Sorcerer ’s Stone.（Para.3）句子结构的分析各持己见。
我是这样引导学生的：在分析长难句时，首先确定句子是简单句、复合句还是并列句。
显然在这个句子中没有并列连词and ，but 等，但是有that ，which ，because 三个连词，所以属于复合句。