2010年职称英语真题综合类A级阅读判断原文及译文
2010年职称英语等级考试卫生类A级真题阅读文章翻译_2015年职称英语真题备考
2015年职称英语真题备考精品尽在学派网!2010年职称英语等级考试真题（卫生类A级）第2部分：阅读判断Retirement Brings Most a Big Health BoostThe self-reported health of the newly retired improves so much that most feel eight years younger, a new European study suggests.This happy news was true of almost everyone except a small minority — only 2 percent — who had experienced “ideal” conditions in their working life, anyway.“The results really say three things: that work puts an extra burden on the health of older workers, that the effects of this extra burden are largely relieved by retirement and. finally, that both the extra burden and the relief are larger when working con ditions are poor.” said Hugo Westerlund, lead author of a study published online Nov. 9 in The Lancet（柳叶刀）. “This indicates that there is a need to provide opportunities for older workers to decrease the demands in their work out of concern for their health and well-being.”But of course, added Westerlund, who is head of epidemiology at the Stress Research Institute at Stockholm University in Sweden, “not all older workers suffer from poor perceived health. Many are indeed remarkably healthy and fit for work. But sooner or later, everyone has to slow down because of old age catching up.”Last week, the same group of researchers reported that workers slept better after retirement than before. “Sleep improves at retirement, which suggests that sleeping could b e a mediator between work and perception of poor health.” Westerlund said.This study looked at what the same 15, 000 French workers, most of them men, had to say about their own health up to seven years pre-retirement and up to seven years post-retirement.As participants got closer to retirement age, their perception of their own health declined, but went up again during the first year of retirement.Those who reported being in poorer health declined from 19.2 percent in the year prior to retirement to 14.3 percent by the end of the first year after retiring. According to the researchers, that means post-retirement levels of poor health fell to levels last seen eight years previously.The changes were seen in both men and women, across different occupations, and lasted through the first seven years of not punching the clock.Workers who felt worse before retirement and had lower working conditions reported greater im-provements as soon as they retired, the team found.退休给大部分人一个改善健康的机会一份来自欧洲的新调查显示，刚退休的人表示其健康状况得到了很大改善，以至于大部分人感觉自己年轻了8岁。
职称英语综合A阅读理解原文：The National Trust
职称英语综合A阅读理解原文：The National Trust原文来自于职称英语教材综合类阅读判断第十篇第十四篇The National TrustThe National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation forpublic enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trusthas received practical and moral support from the Government, it is not a rich Governmentdepartment. It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside andhistoric buildings of Britain. It is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary supportfrom members of the public’. Its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty andplaces of historical interest.The attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses andcastles of Britain by the death of Lord Lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to theTrust together with the 4500-acre park and estate surrounding it.This gift attracted wide publicityand started the Trust’s “Country House Schem e”. Under this scheme, with the help of theGovernment and the general public, the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to thepublic about one hundred and fifty of these old houses2. Last year about one and three quaners of amillion people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge.In addition to country houses and open spaces the Trust now owns some examples of ancientwind and water mills3 , nature reserves4, five hundred and forty farms and nearly two thousand fivehundred cottages or small village houses, as well as some complete villages. In these villages noone is allowed to build, develop ‘or disturb the old village environment in any way and all thehouses are maintained in their originalsixteenth-century style. Over four hundred thousand acres ofcoastline , woodland, and hill country are protected by the Trust and no development or disturbancesof any kind are permitted. The public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect thepeace, beauty and wildlife.So it is that over the past eighty years the Trust has become a big and important organizationand an essential and respected part of national life, preserving all that is of great natural beauty andof historical significance not only for future generations of Britons but also for the millions oftourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historic and cultural heritage.注释：1. It is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public.它是个慈善机构，靠公众中的会员自愿支持它才得以生存。
职称英语综合类A级真题2010年
职称英语综合类A级真题2010年第1部分：词汇选项下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues．A．longB．boringC．originalD．humorous答案:D[解析] 划线词为形容词，意思是“滑稽的，有趣的，可笑的”，与D项humorous(滑稽的，富有幽默感的)为同义词，又如：Tom is very humorous．汤姆很幽默。
A项意为“长的”，例：The distance between us is long．我们之间的距离很远。
B项意为“无趣的，单调的，乏味的”，例：It is a boring job．这是一件乏味的工作。
C项意为“起初的，原来的”，例：we should follow the original plan．我们应该遵循原来的计划。
2. He was kept in appalling conditions in prison．A．criticalB．necessaryC．normalD．terrible答案:D[解析] 划线词为形容词，意思是“骇人听闻的，极糟的”，与D项terrible(可怕的)意思相近，又如：This is terrible!这太可怕了!A项意为“关键性的，批判的”例：It is at the critical moment．到了关键的时刻了。
B项意为“必要的”，例：It is necessary to get up earlier．早起床是必要的。
C 项意为“正常的，标准的”，例：It's normal to feel tired after such a long trip．这样长途旅行之后感到疲劳是正常的。
3. The project required ten years of diligent research．A．hardworkingB．basicC．socialD．scientific答案:A[解析] 划线词为形容词，意思是“勤奋的”，与A项hardworking(刻苦的，努力的)意思相近，又如：Chinese people are hardworking．中国人民是勤劳的。
2010年职称英语真题理工类A级阅读判断原文及译文
California Gives Green Light to Space Solar PowerEnergy beamed down from space is one step closer toreality, now that California has given the green light to an agreement that would see the Pacific Gas and Electric Company buy200 megawatts（兆瓦）of power beamed down from solar-power satellites beginning in2016.But some major challenges will have to be overcome if the technology is to be used widely.A start-up company called Solaren is designing the satellites,which it says will use radio waves to beam energy down to a receiving station on Earth.The attraction of collecting solar power in space is the almost uninterrupted sunshine available in geosynchronous（与地球同步的）orbit.Earth-based solar cells,by contrast,can only collect sunlight during daytime and when skies are clear.But space,based solar power must grapple（努力克服）with the high cost per kilogram of launching things into space,says Richard Schwartz of Purdue University in West Lafayette,Indiana.“If you’re talking about it beingeconomically viable for power of the Earth,it’s a tough go,”he says.Cal Boerman,Solaren’s director of energy services,says the company designed its satellites with a view to keeping launch costs down.“We knew we had to come up with a different, revolutionary design,”hes ays.A patent the company has won describes ways to reduce the system’s weight,including using inflatable mirrors to focus sunlight on solar cells,so a smaller number can collect the same amount of energy.But using mirrors introduces other challenges,including keeping the solar cells from overheating,says Schwartz.“You have to take care of heat dissipation（散发）because you’re now concentrating a lot of energy in one place,”he says. According to the company’s patent,Solaren’s solar cells will be connected to radiators to help keep them cool.Though Boerman says the company believes it can make space-based solar power work,it is not expecting to crowd out other forms of renewable ws in California and other states require increasing use of renewable energy in comingyears,he points out.“To meet those needs,we’re going to need all types of renewable energy sources,”he says.译文：加利福尼亚州批准空间太阳能电站从太空中获取能量的设想距现实更近了一步，因为加州为太平洋天然气电力公司从2016年开始购买200兆瓦由太阳能卫星反射回来的能量的合约开了绿灯。
2010年全国职称英语理工类(A级)考试参考答案
2010年全国职称英语理工类（A级）考试参考答案第l部分：词汇选项1．A [解析]我不能忍受邻居的噪音，那快让我疯了。
put up with：忍受；和A．tolerate意思相近，例如：The school cannot tolerate cheating on exams．学校无法容忍考试作弊现象。
B．generate产生。
C．reduce：减少，缩小；例如：They have to reduce expenses this year．他们今年必须削减开支。
D．measure：测量，估计；例如：We cannot measure a man by his failures．我们不能以失败来衡量一个人。
2． D [解析]社会工作者对独居老人的定期访问很有价值。
immense：巨大的，较好的；A．equal：平等的，用法为be equal to；B．immediate：立即的，直接的；例如：He demanded' immediate payment．他要求立即付款。
C．moderate：适度的，中等的；例如：It is a large house，but the garden is of moderate size．那是一栋大房子，可是花园却只有一般的大小。
D．great：巨大的，符合题意，例如：He achieved great success in his career．他的事业取得了巨大的成功。
3． B [解析]他对自己没有完成学业的原因相当糊涂。
vague：含糊的，不明确的，它和B．unclear意思相同，例如：It was still unclear what the cause of the aircrash was．那起空难的原因还不清楚。
A．bright：聪明的，光明的；例如：We enjoyed the bright sunshine．我们享受明媚的阳光。
C．general：一般的，大体的；例如：the general trend of development发展的大趋势。
2010年职称英语综合类A级阅读理解习题精解（3）
Eat More, Weigh Less, Live Longer Clever genetic detective work may have found out the reason why a near-starvation diet prolongs the life of many animals. Ronald Kahn at Harvard Medical School in Boston, US, and his colleagues have been able to extend the lifespan (寿命) of mice by 18 per cent by blocking the rodent's (啮齿动物) increase of fat in specific cells. This suggests that thinness——and not necessarily diet——promotes long life in "calorie (热量卡) restricted" animals. "It's very cool work," says aging researcher Cynthia Kenyon of the University of California, San Francisco. "These mice eat all they want, lose weight and live longer. It's like heaven." Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet: But many researchers hope they will be able to trigger the same effect with a drug once they understand how less food leads to a longer life. One theory is that eating less reduces the increase of harmful things that can damage cells. But Kahn's team wondered whether the animals simply benefit by becoming thin. To find out, they used biology tricks to disrupt the insulin (胰岛素) receptor (受体) gene in lab mice——but only in their fat cells. "Since insulin is needed to help fat cells store fat, these animals were protected against becoming fat," explains Kahn. This slight genetic change in a single tissue had dramatic effects. By three months of age, Kahn's modified mice had up to 70 per cent less body fat than normal control mice, despite the fact that they ate 55 per cent more food per gram of body weight. In addition, their lifespan increased. The average control mouse lived 753 days, while the thin rodents averaged a lifespan of 887 days. After three years, all the control mice had died, but one-quarter of the modified rodents were still alive. "That they get these effects by just manipulating the fat cells is controversial," says Leonard Guarente of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who studies calorie restriction and aging. But Guarente says Kahn has yet to prove that the same effect is responsible for increased lifespan in calorie-restricted animals. "It might be the same effect or there might be two routes to long life," he points out, "and that would be very interesting." 41 Ronald Kahn and his colleagues can make mice live longer by A offering them less food. B giving them a balanced diet. C disrupting the specific genes in their fat cells. D preventing them growing larger. 42 According to the passage, we do not know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because A humans, worms and rodents are different. B most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet. C the effect is not known. D genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans. 43 What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply? A People like to lose weight, but they do not like to eat less. B People want to go to heaven, but they do not want to die. C Mice will go to heaven if they lose weight. D Mice enjoy losing weight. 44 The average modified mouse lived A 3 years. B 753 days. C More than 3 years. D 887 days. 45 What can be inferred from the passage about the route to long life? A It remains to be studied. B It has already been discovered. C Eating more leads to long life. D Eating less leads to long life.答案： 41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. A 41. C 根据第⼆段的第⼀句话以及第六段的第⼀句话可知答案为C。
2010年职称英语综合A真题及答案
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
1.Her father was a quiet man with graceful mannger. AA politeB similarC usualD bad2.Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment. BA dountB angerC loveD surprise3. Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day. AA energeticB physicalC regularD free4. Our arrangements were thrown into complete turmoil. BA failureB confusionC doubtD relief5. Steep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people. BA evidenceB dangerC caseD picture6.I enjoy the play - it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues. AA humorousB longC originalD boring7. He demolished my argument in minutes. AA disprovedB disputedC acceptedD supported8. The two banks have announced plans to merge next year. AA combineB breakC sellD close9. Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone. BA immediateB greatC equalD moderate10. I want to provide my boys with a decent education. CA sepcialB privateC goodD general11. Lower taxes would spur investement and help economic growth. BA attractB encourageC requireD spend12. He was kept in appalling conditions in prison. BA criticalB terribleC necessaryD normal13. I can't put up with my neighbor's noise any longer; it's driving me mad. CA measureB generateC tolerateD reduce14. The project required ten years of diligent research. AA hardworkingB scientificC basicD social15. He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school. AA unclearB brightC badD general本人做的答案ABABBAAABCBBCAA2010年职称英语考试真题(综合类A级)第一部分词汇选项及答案2010年职称英语考试真题(综合类A级)第二部分阅读判断及答案2010年职称英语考试真题(综合类A级)第三部分概括大意与完成句子及答案2010年职称英语考试真题(综合类A级)第四部分阅读理解及答案2010年职称英语考试真题(综合类A级)第五部分补全短文及答案2010年职称英语考试真题(综合类A级)第六部分完形填空及答案第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。
2010年职称英语考试真题(综合类A)
2010年职称英语考试真题（综合类A） 第一部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners. A. bad B. polite C. similar D. usual 2. Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment. A. love B. surprise C. doubt D. anger 3. Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day. A. energentic B. physical C. regular D. free 4. Our aggrangements were thrown into complete turmoil. A. failure B. confusion C. doubt D. relief 5. Steep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people. A. evidence B. danger C. case D. picture 6. I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues. A. long B. original C. humorous D. boring 7. He demolished my arguments in minutes. A. disproved B. disputed C. accepted D. supported 8. The two banks have announced plans to merge next year. A. combineB. sellC. close D. break 9. Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone. A. immediate B. great C. equal D. moderate 10. I want to provide my boys with a decent education. A. private B. general C. good D. special 11. Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth. A. attract B. encourage C. require D. spend 12. He was kept in appalling conditions in prison. A. critical B. temble C. necessary D. normal 13. I can't put up with my neighbor's noise any longer, it's driving me mad. A. measure B. generate C. tolerate D. reduce 14. The project required ten years of diligent research. A. hardworking B. scientific C. basic D. social 15. He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school. A. unclear B. bright C. bad D. general 第二部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
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The Writing’s on the Wall?
Is it art or is it just vandalism（野蛮行为）?Well,it’s still a crime,but graffiti（涂鸦）has changed since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory.Street art has become much more sophisticated since a17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his“tag”,TAKI183,all over the New York underground in1971,and hip-hop culture was born.Hip-hop is a mixture of art,music and dancing,poetry, language and fashion.It came from young inner-city people,who felt left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could.
An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale, Greater Manchester,has been so successful that plans have been made by local street artists for an international convention in June.“We’re planning to get people together from different countries like France and Germany for a week,”says Liam,one of the organizers.The scheme started in2000,and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes.“We all share a common interest and get on really well with each other.”The first site to be very good chosen was a subway.
“Before we began,people were afraid to use the subway.We had it cleaned up and now,with all the artists hanging out down there,people are using it again.People can relate to graffiti much more now.”By providing places to display their talents legally,there has been a fall in the amount of“tagging”on people’s private property.
Street artist Temper developed his drawing skills at a young age.In art classes at school he was really frustrated because the Art teacher didn’t spend time with him.They thought he was already very good at art and so spent more time with other students.So,at12years old,Temper started painting with all these guys he’d hooked up with who were about 22years old.He looked up to them and loved what they were doing on the streets of Wolvehampton,England.“The whole hip-hop scene was built up of different things and I did a bit of everything.But it was always the graffiti I was best at,”he says.
译文：墙上的文字
是艺术行为还是野蛮行为？好吧，它还是一种犯罪行为。
然而，
自从人们把名字喷涂在墙壁上以标记自己的领地以来，涂鸦就已经发生了变化。
1971年，17岁的年轻人狄米特律斯开始在纽约地铁喷涂他的"标签"TAKI183，街头艺术从此变得更加复杂，嘻哈文化由此应运而生。
嘻哈音乐是一种音乐、舞蹈、诗歌、语言和时尚混合的艺术。
它诞生于年轻的城市人中，他们感受到富裕同学的冷落，想要不顾一切地以任何可以使用的方式表达自己的想法。
大曼彻斯特地区洛奇戴尔的一项旨在控制涂鸦传播的实验相当成功，当地的街头艺术家制定了一项计划，打算在六月份举办一次国际会议。
"我们打算让不同的国家如法国和德国的艺术家们在此相聚一个星期，"主办人之一莱姆建议。
这项计划开始于2000年，吸引了各个年龄段的男女。
"我们有着共同的兴趣，彼此相处的十分融洽。
"他们选择涂鸦的第一个地点是地铁。
"在我们开始这一计划之前，人们害怕使用地铁。
我们把它清理干净，现在，所有的艺术家经常聚集到那里，人们开始搭乘地铁。
如今人们更能欣赏涂鸦了。
"提供场所让人们合法地展示自己的才华使得在居民的私人财产上喷涂"标签"（涂鸦）的现象有所下降。
街头艺术家泰普很小就开始培养自己的绘画能力。
在学校的艺术课程中他非常沮丧，因为艺术老师没有时间陪他训练，他们认为他已经很擅长绘画了，因此就花更多的时间指导其他同学。
所以，在12岁时，泰普开始和那些22岁左右的人们一起绘画。
他敬佩他们并喜
欢上他们在英国罗弗汉普顿大街上的作品。
他说："整个嘻哈文化由不同的内容组成。
我在每个方面都做了一点尝试。
但是，我还是最擅长涂鸦。
"。