中考英语语法 动词不定式1
中考英语语法复习—动词不定式
中考语法复习——动词不定式一、趋势研判。
1.----Why don’t you go out to play,Rose?(12)------I’m afraid I can’t.I have much homework_______.A.doB. doesC. doingD.to do2.He promise_______his old friend during his stay in Tianjin.(13)A.seeB. seeingC. sawD.to see3.When you leave,please turn off the light energy.(14)A.saveB. savingC.savedD.to save4.My parents didn’t allow me _____ to the party.(15)A.goB. to goC. goesD. went5.I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered _____ me to watch an opera. (16)A. tookB. takesC. to takeD. taking6.We only planned the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours. (17)A. watchB. watchesC. to watchD. watched7.Harry invited me_______ with him when his parents were out of town.(18)A．stay B．staved C．staying D．to stay8.The government is setting up nature parks protect pandas.(19)A．to help B．help C．helped D．helps9.I’ve just watched a TV programme about space. I hope ____on the moon one day.（20）A．walk B．walked C．walking D．to walk10.When I was young, my parents taught me ________ older people kindly.（21）A．treats B．to treat C．treated D．treat11.Tom’s mother told him_______eating too much meat.(11)A.stoppingB. to stopC.stopsD.stopped二、理论支撑。
第十二章动词不定式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第十二章动词不定式思维导图知识梳理一、不定式概述动词不定式的基本形式是:“t o+动词原形”,有时可以不带to.不带to的不定式与动词原形同形,但它不是原形,而是一种语法形式.除基本助动词do和情态动词外,英语动词都有不定式形式.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分－主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语.动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语.不定式有时态、语态变化(以do为例):动词不定式的句法作用(一)作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.To obey the laws is everyone's duty.服从法律是每个人的职责.How to use the computer is a question.怎么使用计算机是一个问题.How to get there is not decided yet.怎样去那里还没决定下来.点拨(1)在很多情况下,常用it作形式主语,而把真实主语不定式放在谓语之后.It was difficult to sell my car.我的车很难卖掉.It's not known where to stay for the night.在哪里过夜还不知道.(2)如果要表示不定式的动作是谁做的,一般在不定式前加一个for短语.It will be a regret for us not to help him.我们没有帮助他是个遗憾.(3)在某些形容词(如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时,不定式前常可加一个以of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况.It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.(我们)拒绝他们的邀请,会显得无礼.(二)作表语作表语,一般紧跟在系动词,如:be, seem, get等后面,用以说明主语.The question is when to start.问题是什么时候启程.You seem to have lost weight.你好像减肥了.What we have to do first is to find a solution.我们得做的第一件事是找出一个解决办法.点拨当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时,这个不定式只作单纯的表语,而不具有未来的含义.(三)作宾语能以不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, begin, decide, expect, forget, hope, learn, like, manage, pretend, start, try, want, wish等.Do you wish to see the manager?你想见经理吗?They decided to learn English hard.他们决定好好学英语.Don't forget to meet me at 6:00.别忘了六点钟和我见面.有些动词,如:tell, advise, show, teach, know, forget, learn , remember, show,understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, decide, discuss等后面,常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.We don't know who(whom)to ask.我们不知道问谁.We asked how to get to the station.我们问怎么到达车站.Have you decided where to go for your holidays?你们决定到哪儿度假了吗?I don't know whether to apply for the job or not?那份工作我不知道申请还是不申请?(四)作定语I have no time to waste.我没有时间可浪费.Let me find a place to park.我来找个停车的地方.He is always the first to come to work and the last to leave.他总是第一个来上班,最后一个走.点拨不定式修饰something, anything, nothing时,放在它们的后面.如果something, anything, nothing 有形容词来修饰,词序是something(nothing...)+形容词＋不定式.My father had something to do.我父亲有事要办.Have you got anything important to buy?你有什么重要的东西要买吗?(五)作状语不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果、原因等.一般放在被修饰词之后,但在表示目的时,为了强调也可放在句首.1.作目的状语为加强语气在否定式前还可加上in order或so as组成词组(即:in order to...,so as to...),作状语表示目的.To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet.为了能过长寿而健康的生活,我们必须懂得吃均衡的食品.I stayed there so as to see what would happen.我留在那儿,为的是想看看会发生什么事.In order to help him, we would do everything we can.为了帮助他,我们愿意尽一切力量.2.作结果状语表结果,其逻辑主语通常亦是全句的主语.在“so...as to...”“such...as to..“enough to...”“only to...”以及“too...to...”等结构中的不定式皆表示结果.She is old enough to go to school.她已到了可以上学的年龄了.He was too drunk to drive home.他酩酊大醉,没法开车回家.3.作原因状语She trembled to think of the terrible accident.想到那可怕的车祸,她就不寒而栗.We jumped with joy to hear the news.听到这消息,我们都高兴地跳了起来.(六)宾语补足语1、有很多动词的后面都可以有不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有:advise, ask, tell, help, wish, want, expect, forbid, persuade, press, request, teach, warn等.She asked her grandfather to play game with her.她请爷爷跟她一起做游戏.Mother told me to cook the meal.妈妈叫我做饭.2.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to,这种动词有两类:一类是感觉动词,另一类是使役动词感觉动词:如feel, see, hear, watch, notice等.使役动词:如make, let, have等.Let me do it for you.让我来替你做.Don't let her go out.别让她出去.I made him work hard.我迫使他加劲干.(1)动词help之后,复合宾语中的不定式可带to,亦可不带to.在上述动词转换为被动结构时,其后的不定式必须带to.He was seen to enter the theatre.有人看见他走进了剧院.I was made to do my homework the whole night.我被迫整晚做作业.Can you help me (to) move this table?你能帮我移动一下这张桌子吗?(2)感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式:不带to的不定式和动词-ing形式.I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past.我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(路过的瞬间正在唱,所以用singing)We often hear Meimei sing in her room.我们经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(经常听见,用不定式)I saw him come in.I saw him coming in.两句话的意思都一样:我看见他进来.用不定式着重于动作的全过程,用动词-ing形式则是强调当时动作的进行情况.3.当谓语动词为think, make, find, consider, feel, regard等词,作宾语的不定式后面有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在补足语的后面I find it easy to learn English well.我发现要把英语学好很容易.三、不定式的主要句型及注意事项(一)不定式的否定式不定式的否定式:not+不定式,经常和ask(tell)sb. to do sth.句型连用.She asked me not to drive him to the station.她要我不要开车送他到车站.Try not to be late.争取不要迟到.Mary asked me not to give my pen to Jimmy.玛丽让我别把笔给吉米.She decided not to come here again.她决定不再到这儿来.点拨不定式的否定式和否定句的区别:I asked him not to open the door.我让他别把门打开.I didn't ask him to open the door.我没让他把门打开.(二)不定式的进行时态进行式:表示在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行.It's nice to be sitting here with you.在这儿陪你坐着是非常愉快的.It is unwise for him to be talking that topic all the time.他老是谈论这件事,很不明智.(三)不定式的完成时态完成式表示在谓语动词的动作或状态发生时已经完成.She said she was sorry to have missed you.她说她没见到你很遗憾.He seemed to have visited our factory.他好像参观过我们的工厂.They appeared to have met before.他们看来以前见过面.(四)动词不定式的被动语态表示被动意义I didn't want to be told about it.我不想被告知这件事.Nothing seems to have been forgotten.似乎什么也没有被遗忘.The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago.据说这幢大楼两年前已毁于一场大火.在以某些形容词,如kind, good, silly, honest, bad, stupid, bold, clever, cruel,courteous, nice, rude, sensible, tactful, wise, wrong等作表语时,后面需用以“of+名词(或代词宾格)＋不定式”结构,以说明不定式所表示的动作的执行者是谁(即of短语是不定式的逻辑主语).It's very good of you to come.谢谢你的光临.How silly of you (it is)to make such a mistake!你出了这样的差错,多傻啊！It's very kind of you to say so.多谢你这么说.在had better, had best, would rather, would rather...than, would sooner, would sooner...than, cannot but, do nothing but等结构后面的不定式要省略“to”.You had better write it in English.你最好用英文写.I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里.好题精练一、用-ing形式或不定式的适当形式完成句子1.Do you enjoy_________ football?(play)2.Fred didn't have any money, so he decided_________ a job.(take)3.We're going out for dinner, Would you like_________ us?(join)4.The teacher reminded the students_________ their test paper on time.(finish)5.When I was tired, I enjoyed_________ TV.(watch)6.It was a nice day, so the old man agreed_________ for a walk.(go)7.I'm not in a hurry, I don't mind_________.(wait)答案:1.playing2.to take3.to join4.to finish5.watching6.to go7.waiting二、选择括号内所给词组完成句子,注意括号内“go+v.-ing形式”构成固定搭配的用法(go boating; go fishing; go dancing; go running; go skating; go hunting; go singing)1.She's a good dancer. She always_________ on Saturday.2.I've got a gun. I'll_________ with that strong hunter next weekend.3.“Where is Tim?”“He has. _________ He always runs in the morning.”4.We have enough fish to eat. Our father_________ every day.答案:1.goes dancing2.go hunting3.gone running4.goes fishing三、仿照示例改写下列句子示例:It is very interesting to play baseball.→ To play baseball is very interesting.1.lt was not polite to speak that way before Mr. Lee.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.It can be quite easy to travel by air.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.lt will be no problem to arrive there before noon.____________________________________________________________________________________________4.To make those strangers believe us was so difficult.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.To help Tom speak Chinese well is not at all easy.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.To speak that way before Mr. Lee was not polite.2.To travel by air can be quite easy.3.To arrive there before noon will be no problem.4.It was so difficult to make those strangers believe us.5.It is not at all easy to help Tom (to) speak Chinese well.四、选择填空1. _________ the bookstore, he stopped_________ a few books.A. Passing; buyingB. Passing; to buyC. To pass; buyingD. Having passed; to buy2.Bruce,look at your dirty shoes, You'd better_________ them right now.A. washedB. washingC. washD. to wash3. _________ the room, I found the computer_________.A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; stolenC. To enter; stealD. To enter; stealing4.We've worked hard for nearly one hour. Let's stop_________ a rest now.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. have had5.My mother always tells me not_________ to the net bars(网吧)．A. goB. to goC. goesD. going6.The teacher asked us_________ English for half an hour in the morning.A. reads B reading C. to read D. read7.You will have to get up early tomorrow. Stop_________ TV, Peter.A. watchesB. watchC. to watchD. watching8.I find it hard_________ English well.A. learnB. learningC. to learnD. learns9.The teacher asked John_________ a short talk in our class meeting.A. giveB. to giveC. gaveD. giving10.The girl was too poor_________ a houseA. to buy; to live inB. to buy ;to liveC. buy; to liveD. buying; living in11.It was very late at night, but Mr. Brown still went on_________.A. works B .worked C. working D. work12.Remember_________ him about it before he goes away.A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. to telling13.Lin Tao is strong enough_________ the big box.A. carryB. to carryC. carryingD. carries14.Her mother told her_________ in bed.A. not readB. not to readC. don't readD. to not read15.When class began, we stopped_________ to the teacher carefully.A. listeningB. listenC. listens D .to listen16.You'd better_________ the cinema by bus.A. don't goB. to goC. to go toD. go to17.What did the manager_________ you to_________ at the meeting?A. tell; sayB. ask; speakC. tell; speakD. ask; talk18.Tom was let_________ in the gate house.A. waitB. to waitC. waitingD. to have waited19.Mr.Hu has enough time_________ the job in two days.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished20.Look,the building_________ is our library.A. is repairedB. being repairedC. repairingD. to be repairing21. _________ no money, I could not buy this coat.A. HaveB. HavingC. To haveD. Have had22.The teacher has something important_________ us.A. to tellB. tellsC. tellingD. told23.Li Ming didn't know_________ next.A. to do whatB. what to doC. how to doD. what do24.I'd love_________ to your birthday party.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. comes25.It took me two hours_________ by bus.A. to get thereB. to get to thereC. get thereD. get to there答案:1-5BCBBB 6-10CDCBA11-15CBBBD 16-20DABBB21-25 BABCA五、改正下列句子的错误1.He seems to not hear from her.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.I hope see you soon.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.I made them to give the money back.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.The scientist gave us some advice on how learning English.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.No one noticed him to leave the room.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Have you given up to smoke?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.We found him waited at the school gate.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Why not to turn off the light?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.She didn't want me go.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.I don't know to swim.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.China is a developed country belonging to the third world.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.It's getting dark. We have to find a hotel to live.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.He said he had an important meeting to attended.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.They don't allow that people smoke.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.It's difficult sell my car.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.He seems not to...2.I hope to see...3.I made them give...4....how to learn...5....him leave...6....given up smoking?7...him waiting...8.Why not turn off...9.She didn't want me to go.10.I don't know how to swim.11....a developing...12....to live in13....to attend.14. ...people to smoke.15...to sell my car.。
2023年中考英语语法专项复习课件非谓语动词
现在分词表示主语的性质特征，过去 分词表示主语处于某种状态
补语
①Don’t keep us waiting for a long time.(不要让 我们等得太久。) ②He’ll have his hair cut after school.(放学后他 要去理发。)
现在分词作补语，被补足的宾语或主 语是它的逻辑主语；过去分词作补语 ，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾 语
作定语
I am not free now.I have a lot of work to do. (我现在没空。我有很多工作要做。)
作状语
They will go to the station to meet their friend. (他们将去车站接他们的朋友。)
作宾语补足语 He told me to turn down the TV.(他告诉我把电视机的音量调小。)
(三)分词 1. 分词的构成和语法功能
分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词原形＋-ing” 构成；过去分词的基本形式是“动词原形＋-ed”，但也有不规则的形式。
功能
例句
说明
①Do you know the girl standing under the tree？
定语
(你认识在树下站着的那个女孩吗？) ②Please hand in your written exercises.(请交上
1．—My parents don’t allow me ___A___ my phone on school days. —They are strict.But they always want the best for you. A．to use B．use C．using D．used 2．A group of elephants in Yunnan Province have trouble __D____ a proper living place.We should help them. A．find B．found C．to find D．finding 3．—Would you like to go out for dinner tonight? —No，I’d rather __C____ at home. A．to eat B．eating C．eat D．ate
中考英语语法精讲精练--非谓语动词
非谓语动词
如： I'm glad_to_meet you. (to meet作glad的宾语)见到你很高兴。 ③不定式和疑问词连用作宾语。 如：when to do(什么时候做)；how to do(怎样做)； what to do(做什么)；why to do(为什么做)； where to do(在哪儿做)；which to do(做哪一个)等。
succeed in(成功)
stop…from(阻止……做)
keep…from(阻止)
prevent…from(阻止……做)
depend on(依靠)
spend…in(在……花费)
be interested in(对……感兴趣)
be proud of(以……为骄傲/自豪)
非谓语动词 (非谓语动词)
To_learn_maths is very important. ＝It is very important to learn maths.学数学很重要。 3．省略to的不定式 使役动词和感官动词，后带宾语，再接不定式作宾 补时，主动语态时不定式要省略to，被动语态时要补 上to。
非谓语动词
常考的有： make sb.do sth.使某人做某事 let sb.do sth.让某人做某事 have sb.do sth.使某人做某事 watch sb.do (doing) sth.注视某人(正在)做某事 notice sb.do (doing) sth.注意某人(正在)做某事
人教版 go for it 中考英语二轮语法复习 非谓语动词
非谓语动词不定式：1.形式：to do2.用法：做不同的成分（见下表）.第一组want to do sth .想要做decide to do sth .决定做would like to do sth .想要做plan to do sth .计划做hope to do sth .希望做expect to do sth .期待做refuse to do sth .拒绝做第二组encourage sb . to do 鼓励某人做allow sb . to do允许某人做tell sb . to do告诉/要求某人做ask sb . to do叫/要求某人做advise sb . to do 建议某人做（区别suggest doing）wish sb . to do希望某人做没有hope sb to do的结构1.不定式的否认形式：在不定式to do前加not即not to do My mum told me not to play in the street.2.常考的使用动词不定式的句型结构有:⑴形式主语结构：It + be + adj.+(fbr / of sb .)+ to do sth .It's adj of sb. to do sth.对于来说做(强调道德，品质特征)(2)形式宾语结构：sb .+ find / think / make + it + adj.+ to do sth . 如：I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很容易.(3)It takes sb . some time to do sth .(4)疑问词+不定式：如：I don ' t know what to do. I don ' t know how to do it.(5)too...to…太而不能考点二动词ing形击动名词：1.形式：doing2.用法：用不司成分（见下表）1.后常接动词-ing形式的动词有：finish（完成）,mind（介意），be worth（值得）,be busy（忙于）,practice（练习），have fun（玩得高兴），feel like（想要）=want to do =would like to do, be used to（习惯于）,consider（考虑），enjoy （喜欢）,keep（坚持，持续），avoid （防止）,give up （放弃）,can't help doing （情不自禁）,spend...doing （花时间做）,have troublc/difficulty/problems doing （做...有困难）.几组动词接不定式及动词-ing形式的辨析①forget doing/fbrget to doforget doing sth.忘记做过某事（事情已做）forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（事情没做）②remember doing/remeinber to doremember doing sth.记得做过某事（事情已做）remember to do sth.记得要做某事（事情没做）③regret doing/regret to doregret doing sth.对做过的事情感到遗憾、后悔（已做）regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾（未做）④try doing/try to dotry doing sth.尝试着去做某事try to do sth.设法或努力去做某事⑤go on doing/go on to dogo on doing sth.继续不停地做同一件事情go on to do sth.做完一件事,接着去做另外一件事⑥allow doing sth. /allow sb. to do sth.allow doing sth.允许做某事allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事⑦stop doing/stop to dostop doing sth.停止做某事stop tod。
78初中英语语法专项练习 - 动词不定式1
语法专项练习------动词不定式1动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。
有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。
不定式保留动词的某些特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。
动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，叫做不定式短语。
A.用作主语直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。
动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。
如：1. It is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems.2.The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.3.How to learn English well is important.4.To see is to believe.(眼见为实；百闻不如一见)B. 用作表语动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。
如：1.The best way is to join an English club.2.The first thing is to listen to the teacher carefully.C.用作宾语1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。
如：1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.3)Id love to visit Mexico.2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on...可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to。
初三英语语法知识汇总 动词不定式
动词不定式一、动词不定式的基本形式肯定式：to＋动词原形否定式：not to＋动词原形（to是不定式符号、标志，无意义，可以不翻译。
）二、动词不定式的特征动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。
三、动词不定式的用法1. 不定式作宾语能跟不定式作宾语的动词（及物动词）很多，构成vt.(及物动词)＋to do sth. 结构。
常见的有：want, like, wish, hate, hope, prefer, try, ask, start, begin, decide, learn, choose, agree, expect , remember, forget等。
eg. He wanted to borrow my CD players. 他想借我的CD播放机。
His brother is learning to drive. 他弟弟正在学驾驶。
I hope to speak English well. 我希望讲好英语。
动词不定式作宾语其后又有补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式后置。
eg. I find it difficult to learn physics. 我发现学习物理很难。
2. 不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式位于及物动词的宾语后，补充说明宾语，作补足语。
构成vt.＋sb.＋（not）to do sth. 结构。
常用带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词结构有want sb.to do, ask sb.to do, tell sb.to do, order sb.to do, get sb.to do, wish sb.to do, allow sb.to do, invite sb.to do, teach sb.to do, encourage sb.to do, beg sb.to do等。
中考英语专题讲练： 动词不定式(含解析)语法专项练习
动词不定式非谓语动词指的是在句中不能单独作谓语, 但保留动词的某些特征（如有自己的宾语或状语等）的动词形式。
非谓语包括动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词。
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化, 但要遵循基本的时态语态规则, 在句中充当各种成分。
一、动词不定式基本构成形式 结构 例句肯定形式to+动词原形The teacher asked his students to finish their homeworkon time.老师让学生们按时完成作业。
否定形式 not to+动词原形Aunt Li often tells her son not to eat too much sugar. 李阿姨经告诫她的儿子不要吃太多的糖。
被动形式 to+be+过去分词He would like to be treated as a child. 他喜欢被当成孩子般看待。
注意: 动词不定式在一些感官动词（see, watch, hear 等）或使役动词（make, let, have 等）的后面, 做宾补时, 通常会省略to, 如:动词不定式知识精讲The boss made me work ten hours a day.=I was made to work ten hours a day by the boss.这个老板让我一天工作十个小时。
二、动词不定式的语法功能动词不定式在句子中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语（即除谓语之外的各种成分）。
1.不定式作主语1).动词不定式短语作句子主语时，视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，如：To make work more efficient is our goal.让工作更有效率是我们的目标。
2).不定式短语作主语时, 为了考虑句子的平衡, 常用it作形式主语, 而将真正的不定式主语放在句子后面, 结构为: It+is/ was+adj.(+for sb.)+动词不定式, 如上一句话也可写成:It’s our goal to make work efficient.我们的目标是让工作更有效率。
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7．They prefer to ______ stay (stay) at home
rather than go out．
8. We saw them_______ to come (come) into the room just now． 宾补 9. What he said made me_____ to feel (feel) 宾补 to tell (tell) 10. I am sorry．I forgot_____ you the news． 宾语 11. His plan is _______ to spend (spend) a few 表语 days in the mountains． sorry．
4. He is old enough to _____ join (join) the army． sister． here． 结果状语 形容词补足语(原) 形容词补足语(原) 宾语 5. I feel strange _______ to have (have) a twin 6. I am very glad _______ to meet (meet) you
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b. 原因状语: 放在sorry, glad, surprised, disappointed， excited等词后面。(有些资料上把这
类称为不定式在表示心理、情感、评价 等的形容词后, 对其进行补充说明, 作形 容词补足语）如：
I am glad to see you here．
I am sorry to trouble you．
充当谓语, 没有人称和数的变化。
二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”
构成(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式的
否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(此时
not不能再与助动词连用)。
三、动词不定式短语具有名词、 形容词和副词等的功能, 可在句中 用做多种句子成分。 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补
主语: 常置于句末, 而用it代替其做形式主
Hi, relax yourself!
2) 思考: forget, remember, go on， try等词或短语后面接不定式和动 名词用法有何区别？ 点击规律：在find／feel＋it＋ adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是 形式宾语, 真正的宾语是后面的动
词不定式。
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如：
The man downstairs found it difficult
提示板: 若变成被动语态, 在上述结构 中, 不定式符号to要加上。 如: They are made to work 16 hours a day by the boss． She was heard to sing in the next
room．
“疑问词＋不定式”用法 不定式前可带what，who，which， where, when, how, whose, 等疑问词, 这种 不定式短语在句中作宾语、宾语补足语、 主语等。 例: He didn’t tell me where to go. (直宾) I don’t know what to say now.(宾语) I don't know what to do next. (宾语） He taught us how to use the computer．(宾语补足语)
12. Have you got anything to _____ say (say)? 定语 13. Have you decided which one to ________ choose 定语 (choose)? 14. Do you know when______ to start (start)？ 不定式短语作宾语 15. He is too weak to ________ carry (carry) the 结果状语 big stone．
to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text． 点击规律: 某些动词或短语后面既可以 接动词不定式作宾语, 又可接动名词作 宾语, 二者用法上的区别可以通过造句 子加以区分, 如上页的stop例句。
表 语 放在连系动词be后面 例句: His wish is to become a scientist． Our duty is to protect the environment. The first important thing is to save the soldiers’ lives. 当务之急是抢救战士们的 生命。 点击规律: 动词不定式在句中作表语时, 通 常对连系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。
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提示板: 如果动词不定式和前面所
修饰的词构成动宾关系, 且动词是 不及物动词, 切记不要忘掉后面的 介词。如： I have a small bedroom to live in． Have you got some pens to write with？
作 状 语 a.目的状语: 放在go, come, use, live, in order等词后面.如： I come to see you． He runs fast in order to get there in time． They brought in photos of their families for me to look at
中考复习系列 动词不定do)是初中英语课的
一个重点，也是中考要考查的一个项目。
动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式，
很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起，
掌握起来有困难。下面我们对动词不定
式的用法做简单归纳，帮助同学们记忆
动词不定式的主要用法
一、动词不定式在句子中不能独立
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It's still a question how to get
there．(主语)
在初中阶段还涉及到“不定式被
动语态一般式(to be+过去分词)”
例: There are twenty more trees to be planted.
根据句意, 用括号内所给动词的适当形
式填空。 1. It's time for us to ____ go (have) supper． 主语 2. Would you like ____ to go (go) shopping 宾语 with me？ 3. It took us half an hour _______ to work (work) out the problem． 主语
stop, forget, remember, go on, try等
词或短语后面可以接不定式。
点击规律:上述动词后面接不定式和
接动名词意思大不相同。
提示板：
1) stop to do sth. : 停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth. :停止正在做的事。 例如： When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking； 当老师走进来时, 学生们停止说话； when he came out, the students stopped to talk． 当老师走出去时, 学生们又开始说话。
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(2) 在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词 (see, watch, hear, feel, make, let,
have, observe, notice, help等)后
不带to 的不定式作宾补。如：
The boss makes them work 16
hours a day．
I heard her sing in the next room．
语。
例: To go in for sports helps you stay fit.
It helps you stay fit to go in for sports.
It is dangerous to swim in the deep sea on your own.
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注: 此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可
点击规律: 动词不定式在句中作主语
时, 除了直接作主语外， 常放在: It is ＋adj．(形容词)＋to do sth. 或 It is ＋n．(名词)＋to do sth. 句型中, it仅作形式主语。
动词宾语 此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。 例：would you like to see my photos? Kevin planned to visit his uncle 类似 用法的词还有:start, want, agree, hope, begin, decide, agree, love, like, hate,
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定 语 动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词 、 代词的后面。 例: He is the first person to sail around the world. I have a lot of work to do． The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy． 点击规律: 动词不定式若在句中作定语, 常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。
由for或of引出, 逻辑主语由of引出 时, 表语的形容词为kind，nice, good, polite, clever, foolish, right, wrong等表示性格品质评价的形容 词。
例: It’s right of him to refuse the
invitation. (him为逻辑主语)
prefer等。
I found it very difficult to get a job. (it为形式宾语) 点击规律： 这些动词后面除接不定式外, 还可以接动 名词, 意思区别不大。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。 I like swimming，but I don‘t like to swim now． 我喜欢游泳, 但我现在不想游。