grammar

Many exhausted passengers got off the plane which had been delaye for 24 hours.
There were a lot of damaged cars everywhere after the accident.
The amazed passengers travelled from Shanghai Airport to the central station in eight minutes.
表示被动接受动作 V-ed ____________________
What are the differences between v-ing and v-ed? a developing country = a country ___________________ that is developing that is developed a developed country = a country ___________________ that is boiling boiled water= water _________________ that is boiled boiling water = water ________________ Difference: 表示 动作正在进行 2) V-ing _____________________
In autumn, the leaves are falling onto the ground. There are many falling leaves in the sky. falling leaves= the leaves that are/were falling
There are many fallen leaves on the ground. fallen leaves= the leaves that have fallen
What are the differences between v-ing and v-ed? encouraging words = words___________________ that encourage others an encouraged student= an student___________________ who encouraged that moves others moving news= news_________________ who are moved moved athletes= athletes ___ Difference: 表示 主动发出动作 1) V-ing _____________________
Conclusion: V-ed 在句子中做定语，相当于一个形容词，单个 的过去分词通常放在所修饰的名词之前，过去分 词短语放在所修饰的名词之后。
left等 习惯上作后置定语
The family lives on such low income that they usually have little money left near the end of a month. With most of his money spent on the TV set, the money left couldn’t cover the price of the coat.
Upgrade the following sentences: 1. The girl is named Jenny. She is sitting next to me. The girl named Jenny is sitting next to me. The girl sitting next to me is named Jenny. 2 . The maglev train runs between Pudong Airport and Longyang Station. It can travel at a speed of 400 km/ h. The maglev train running between Pudong Airport and Longyang Station can travel at a speed of 400 km/ h. The maglev train traveling at a speed of 400 km/ h runs between Pudong Airport and Longyang Station. 3. Camels carried food and other supplies to central Australia. They were bought from Afghanistan. Camels carrying food and other supplies to central Australia were bought from Afghanistan. Camels bought from Afghanistan carried food and other supplies to central Australia. They were
= which/ that was held in Nanjing
5) The office building destroyed in the earthquake will be = which/ that were destroyed by rebuilt. in the earthquake
1. Trained camels carried food and other supplies. = camels that were trained 2. We saw abandoned farms which were more than a hundred years ago. = farms that were abandoned 3. We ate great meals cooked by experts ! = meals which were cooked by experts Questions: Can you use an attributive clause to replace the v-ed forms in red? What do “ trained”, “abandoned” and “ cooked by experts” function as ? Are the V-ed forms placed before or after the nouns they modify?
• 4. I ate an excellent meal f
• 5. I listened to a story a • 6. I read two books
b
d) trained by an Afghan man
e) directed by seven Spielberg f) cooked by my brother
M3 Grammar 1
The –ed form
broken a ________cup 一个破杯子 a wounded _________soldier 一名伤员 canned ________food 罐装食品 boiled _______water 开水 smoked ________fish 熏鱼
朴素型： The girl was abandoned by her parents. Now she has become a UN ambassador who fights for gender equality. 优雅型： The girl who was abandoned by her parents has become a UN ambassador who fights for gender equality. 华丽型： The girl abandoned by her parents has become a UN ambassador who fights for gender equality.
given等前置后置都可以 You must finished the report within the given time / within the time given.
Find out the v-ed phrases that function as attributes and use an attributive clause to replace it. 1) Chinese is a language spoken by at least 1.3 billion people. = which/ that is spoken by at least 1.3 billion people 2) Emma Watson plays a girl named Hermione in the Harry Potter series. = who is named Hermione 3) “Cent” is an English word borrowed from old French. = which/ that is borrowed from old French 4) The Youth Olympic Games held in Nanjing is highly praised.
There were hundreds of bored drivers in the traffic jam.
There were lots of excited people getting on the plane.
The family used a rented car to travel around Europe during their holiday.
Match the two parts of the sentence.