2013年考研英语语法复习指导之非谓语动词

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考研英语语法之非谓语动词

考研英语语法之非谓语动词

考研英语语法之非谓语动词语法在英语考试中总是被同学们忽视,很少有人能体会到它真正的作用。

今天就和大家来探究一下语法中的非谓语动词,看看这一知识点是否可以解决一直困扰你的难题。

首先非谓语动词有三种形式:v-ing、v-ed和to do不定式。

我们结合着例子一起来分析分析。

1.The boy sitting in the classroom is my brother.在这个例子里面,sitting就是非谓语动词。

有同学就有疑问了,v-ing不是表示进行时吗?为什么它不是谓语动词呢?的确,进行时里面的动词要变为-ing 形式,但关键在于进行时的完整结构应该是be+v-ing,比如说,I am reading。

这里的reading为什么属于谓语动词的一部分,就是因为它与前面的be动词构成了完整的进行时结构,而例句中只有sitting而没有be动词,进行时结构不完整,所以sitting不具备谓语动词的功能,属于非谓语动词,在句子里面作为修饰主语的后置定语。

接下来在看看更让人不解的v-ed形式,因为v-ed形式如果作为动词的过去式的话,在句子中是可以做谓语动词的,因此不能作为谓语动词的v-ed,准确来说,应该是动词的过去分词形式。

那究竟怎么来判断呢?我们看到例22. The boy praised by the teacher is my brother.这句话里面的praised就不是谓语动词。

因为我们可以看到一个很明显的被动语态的标志“by”,所以the boy和praised处于被动关系。

那被动语态完整的应该是be+v-ed形式,那么在这个例子里面还是同样的道理,因缺失了be动词,构不成完整的被动语态,单单一个praised就不能担任谓语动词,最终变为主语the boy的后置定语。

总结一下就是:如果主语和后面的v-ed形式有着被动关系,但却缺少be动词,这时的v-ed形式就不是谓语动词了。

最后我们来看to do不定式是一个怎样的情况。

2013高考专题 非谓语动词(全面,条理清晰)

2013高考专题 非谓语动词(全面,条理清晰)

非谓语动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词也是动词的一种,他们有着动词的其他特点,可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。

非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。

非谓语动词有三大基本形式:动词不定时:to be/do(表示将来的动作,动作的趋向)动名词/动词现在分词:being/doing(表示主动,进行)动词过去分词:been/done(表示被动,完成)所能充当的成分主语表语宾语宾语补足语定语状语V-ing形式现在分词△△△△动名词△△△△不定式(to do)△△△△△△过去分词(done) △△△△非谓语形式构成时态语态复合结构否定式主动被动不定式一般式to do to be donefor sb. to dosth.或of sb. to dosth.在“to”前加not或never完成式to havedoneto have beendone进行式to be doing /完成进行式to havebeen doing /动名词/现在分词一般式doing being donesb.或sb’sdoing作主语要用sb’s doing在前加not特别注意复合结构的否定式:sb’s not doingsb’s not havingdone完成式havingdonehaving beendone过去分词done 在前加not非谓语动词考点辨别谓语动词和非谓语动词1: Blood if you can and many lives will be saved.A: Giving B: Give C: Given D:To give2:The traffic rule says young children under the age of four andless than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.A: being weighed B: weighs C: weighed D: weighing非谓语动词作主语和表语(不定式和动名词)一、不定式作主语和表语表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用不定式;动名词作主语和表语表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用动名词。

考研英语非谓语动词例句

考研英语非谓语动词例句

考研英语非谓语动词例句非谓语动词是英语中的一种特殊的动词形式,常用的非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词。

在考研英语中,非谓语动词常常用于句子的主语、宾语、定语或状语等成分。

下面是一些常见的考研英语非谓语动词例句,并对其进行拓展。

1. 不定式动词作主语:- To learn a foreign language is beneficial for your career.(学习一门外语对你的职业发展有益。

)- To master the basic concepts is essential for understanding advanced topics.(掌握基本概念对于理解高级话题是必要的。

)2. 动名词作主语:- Learning a foreign language requires time and effort.(学习一门外语需要时间和努力。

)- Reading books is a good way to expand your knowledge.(阅读书籍是扩展你的知识的好方法。

)3. 不定式动词作宾语:- I hope to pass the exam and continue my studies abroad.(我希望通过考试并继续在国外深造。

)- He decided to quit his job and pursue his passion for photography.(他决定辞职并追寻他对摄影的热爱。

)4. 动名词作宾语:- I enjoy swimming in the sea during summertime.(我喜欢在夏天的时候在海里游泳。

)- They are interested in learning about different cultures.(他们对了解不同的文化感兴趣。

)5. 分词作定语:- The book written by this author is very popular.(这本书是由这个作者写的,非常受欢迎。

考研英语完型填空语法之非谓语动词

考研英语完型填空语法之非谓语动词

(⼀)不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表⽰抽象动作;⽽不定式作主语表⽰具体动作。

例如:Smoking is prohibited(禁⽌)here.这⾥禁⽌抽烟。

(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你⾝体很不好。

(具体)(2)动名词作主语时,通常⽤以表⽰⼀件已知的事或经验。

不定式短语通常⽤来表⽰⼀件未完成的事或⽬的。

例如:Climbing mountains is interesting.爬⼭很有趣。

(经验)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在⾼峰时刻开车令⼈厌烦。

(经验)(⼆)不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语⼀般表⽰具体动作,特别是表⽰将来的动作。

A.不定式作表语。

例如:To do two things at a time is to do neither.⼀次做两件事等于未做。

What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是⽴刻开始⼲。

B.如果主语是不定式(表⽰条件),表语也是不定式(表⽰结果)。

例如:To see is to believe.百闻不如⼀见。

To work means to earn a living.⼯作就是为了⽣活。

C.如果主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等为中⼼的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作⽤。

例如:His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future.他的希望是在不远的将来买⼀辆豪华轿车。

(2)动名词作表语:表⽰抽象的⼀般性的⾏为。

例如:Our work is serving the people.我们的⼯作是为⼈民服务。

考研英语语法之非谓语动词

考研英语语法之非谓语动词

非谓语动词非谓语动词是指那些在剧中不能单独充当句子位于成分的动词形式。

基本形式有四种:不定式(infinitive)、动名词(gerund)、分词(participle)、和独立主格结构(absolute structure)。

一、不定式动词不定式是非谓语动词中使用最广泛的一种,在句子中,它除了做谓语外,可以担当其他任何成分,可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语。

它在句中其名词、形容词举例:It isn’t cold enough for there to be a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim’s car out quite safely.He seems to be eating something.According to your market report, demand seems to be returning.The local health organization is reported to have been set up twenty-five years ago when Dr. Audio became its first president.不定式的语法功能:1) 作主语The traditional rule was that it’s safer (to stay where you are), but that’s been f undamentally inverted. The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.2) 作宾语Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day’s events.He feels it his duty to help others.3) 作表语But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.4) 作定语Tom made the decision to go around the world in three years all alone.She has the ambition to learn other languages.The pressure to compete causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under aconstant emotional strain.5) 作状语A sad thing about life is when you meet someone and fall in love, only to find out in the end that you have wasted years on someone who wasn’t worth it.6) 作补语The man was seen to fall heavily to the ground and never get up again.注:使役动词如make、let、have等以及感官动词hear、see、feel、watch、notice等之后所加的不定式要省略to,但是在被动语态中不可省略。

考研英语非谓语动词例句

考研英语非谓语动词例句

考研英语非谓语动词例句考研英语非谓语动词是一个重要的语法知识点,用于表示动词的主语或宾语,或者表示主语或宾语的状态。

下面是一些常见的非谓语动词形式及其例句:1. -ing 形式:表示正在进行的动作或状态,如:I am watching TV now.(我正在看电视)拓展:-ing 形式还可以表示动词的主语,如:The boy is playing basketball now.(那个男孩正在打篮球)2. -ed 形式:表示完成的动作或状态,如:I have eaten breakfast.(我已经吃了早餐)拓展:-ed 形式还可以表示动词的宾语,如:He gave me a book yesterday.(他昨天给了我一本书)3. -ing 形式 (动词+ing):表示动态的动作或状态,如:I like playing soccer.(我喜欢踢足球)拓展:-ing 形式还可以表示动词的主语,如:The student is studying for the exam.(那个学生正在为考试而学习)4. -ed 形式 (形容词+ed):表示被动的动作或状态,如:The book was read by many people.(这本书被很多人读过)拓展:-ed 形式还可以表示动词的宾语,如:The book has been read by many people.(这本书已经被很多人读过了)5. -ing 形式 (副词+ing):表示正在进行的动作或状态,如:I am having a shower now.(我正在洗澡)拓展:-ing 形式还可以表示动词的主语,如:He is singing a song now.(他现在正在唱歌)以上是一些常见的非谓语动词形式及其例句。

在考研英语中,考生需要注意非谓语动词的用法和语法规则,并熟练掌握各种非谓语动词形式之间的转换和区别。

语法非谓语动词讲解

语法非谓语动词讲解

语法非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是指在句子中不能独立作谓语,而是具有动词的特点,并且能够与主谓成分相互关联。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。

接下来,我们将分别对它们进行讲解,并提供相关参考内容。

一、动词不定式动词不定式是由to+动词原形构成,可以作主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语等。

1. 作主语动词不定式作主语时,常常用于句子的开头,结构为“To + 动词原形”。

它可以表示一种抽象的概念或一种普遍的观点。

例句:To reduce pollution is our responsibility.减少污染是我们的责任。

2. 作表语动词不定式作表语时,一般跟在be动词之后,用于说明主语的身份、特点、职业等。

常见的结构为“be+动词不定式”。

例句:My dream is to become a doctor.我的梦想是成为一名医生。

3. 作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语,常见的及物动词有want, like, need, hope等。

动词不定式作宾语时,常常放在动词后面。

例句:She wants to go shopping this afternoon.她想今天下午去购物。

4. 作宾补动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语补足语,用于说明宾语的动作、状态等。

常见的及物动词有make, let, have等。

动词不定式作宾补时,常放在宾语后面。

例句:They made him apologize for what he had done.他们让他为自己所做的事情道歉。

参考内容:1. To learn a new language requires patience and perseverance.学习一门新语言需要耐心和毅力。

2. Her biggest dream is to travel around the world.她最大的梦想是环游世界。

3. I like to play tennis on weekends.我喜欢在周末打网球。

考研英语语法讲解非谓语动词

考研英语语法讲解非谓语动词

考研英语语法讲解非谓语动词考研英语语法讲解非谓语动词非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。

非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分。

非谓语是考研英语中的常考点,娴熟地掌握它的用法对于我们来说有着重要的意义。

考研英语教研组的'专家们主要从以下几个方面来对它进行介绍:一、有的固定动词后面既可以接动词不定式或动名词,充当宾语的成分,但其表达的意思非常的不同。

mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)forget to do忘记(要做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事) forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember doing记得(已做过的事) go on to do继而(做另一件事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop doing停止正在做的事比如:I remember to deal with this urgent issue tomorrow.I remember sending you a postcard last Christmas.二、不定式的习惯用法,即他们之间形成一个固定的搭配。

这样有两种大的情形:1,cannot help but do cannot but docannot choose but do can do nothing but dohave no choice/alternative but to do上述句型的意思接近,即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。

其共同的特点是都有一个否定词和but。

比如:I have no choice but to abide by what you have told me.2,be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.cannot help doing sth.比如:I can not help crying at the sight of the touching movie,There is no point in talking about non-sense like that,I have difficulty in passing the exam without your great help.对于以上非谓语的用法,很多都是固定的搭配,提议广大考生在复习的时候,把它们背诵下来,滚瓜烂熟,脱口而出,对于考研肯定有很大的帮助,特别是以上短语在考研写作中有时真的是画龙点睛,给人眼前一亮的感觉。

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非谓语动词的其他考点
1.接不定式或动名词做宾语都可以,但在意思上有区别的动词的用法
mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)
mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)
forget to do忘记(要做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事)
forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember doing记得(已做过的事)
go on to do继而(做另一件事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事
go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop doing停止正在做的事
regret to do(对将要做的事)遗憾regret doing(对已做过的事)后悔
如:
Mr. Jankin regretted having blamed his secretary for the mistake, for he later discovered it was his own fault.
The boy is constantly being told not to scratch the paint off the wall, but he goes on doing it all the same.
2.不定式的习惯用法
句型:cannot help but do cannot but do
cannot choose but do can do nothing but do
have no choice/alternative but to do
上述句型的意思接近,即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。

其共同的特点是都有一个否定词和but。

如:
Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift.
3.动名词的习惯用法
句型:be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.
It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.
spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.
cannot help doing sth. There is no doing sth.
I know it isn’t important but I can’t help thinking about it.
Alice was having trouble controlling the children because there were so many of them.
There is no use crying over spilt milk.
4.there be 非谓语动词的用法
(1)做宾语时取决于谓语动词的持续要求。

如:
The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.
(expect要求接不定式做宾语)
(2)做目的状语或程度状语时用for there to be,做其他状语用there being。

如:
For there to be successful communication, there must be attentiveness and involvement in the discussion itself by all present.
(for there to be…在句中做目的状语)
It isn’t cold enough for there to be a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim’s car out quite safely.
(for there to b e…在句中做程度状语)
There being no further questions, we’ll stop here today.
(there being…做原因状语)
(3)引导主语用for there to be。

如:
It is unusual for there to be no late comers today.
(4)做除for外的介词宾语,用there being。

如:
He would always ignore the fact of there being such a contradiction in his inner thought.。

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