癌症临床试验(英文版)PPT课件
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肺癌英文PPT演示幻灯片
cell carcinoma).
7
Pathology And Classification
According to the different principles of management,it is divided into two types.
SCLC:small cell lung carcinoma. NSCLC:non small cell lung carcinoma.
5
Pathology And Classification
1. According to the position of tumor arising from ,it can be divided into two types .
Central type:Tumor arises from main bronchus, lobar and segmental bronchus . Peripheral type : Tumor arises beyond segmental bronchus .
11
Clinical Features
(4).Horner’s syndrome.It is caused by invading the cervical sympathetic ganglia on the involved side the pupil is small ptosis of the up eyelids,retraction of the eyeball and no sweat of the face.
(5)Cardiac effusion
12
Passive smoking is also a carcinogen factor.
7
Pathology And Classification
According to the different principles of management,it is divided into two types.
SCLC:small cell lung carcinoma. NSCLC:non small cell lung carcinoma.
5
Pathology And Classification
1. According to the position of tumor arising from ,it can be divided into two types .
Central type:Tumor arises from main bronchus, lobar and segmental bronchus . Peripheral type : Tumor arises beyond segmental bronchus .
11
Clinical Features
(4).Horner’s syndrome.It is caused by invading the cervical sympathetic ganglia on the involved side the pupil is small ptosis of the up eyelids,retraction of the eyeball and no sweat of the face.
(5)Cardiac effusion
12
Passive smoking is also a carcinogen factor.
癌症英文版ppt课件
An adult human body has about 30 trillion cells — 30,000,000,000,00 0!
WHY CANCER IS DANGEROUS?
HOW DOCTORS TREAT CANCER?
The best weapon
to detect it early before spread
癌症英文版
Cancer — a scary word, a scary disease, a callous killer
马三立 （膀胱癌）
陈晓旭 （ breast cancer ）
李钰 （淋巴癌）
Patrick Swayze （胰腺癌）
luciano Pavarotti （胰腺癌）
good news：
•Millions of people with cancer still alive •Technology for cancer treating
Kylie Ann Minogue (breast cancer)
WHAT ISa single disease •includes more than 100 different diseases
WAYS TO PREVENT CANCER?
Don’t smoke! Keep healthy diet. Avoid too much sun.
Getting plenty of sleep and exercise and eating the right foods can help keep you healthy.
•Removed by surgery •Radiation, such as X rays
英文版癌症介绍课件
Overview of Cancer
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Basic definition
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells in the body These cells form a mass called a tutor, which can invade and destroy normal issues
English version of cancer introduction courseware
目录
CONTENTS
Overview of CancerSymptoms and Diagnosis of CancerTreatment methods for cancerPrevention and control of cancerRehabilitation and numbering of cancerResearch progress and future prospects of cancer
要点一
要点二
Rehabilitation programs
Design rehabilitation programs to help patients register physical functions, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy
Rehabilitation and numbering of cancer
Psychological support
Provide emotional support and counseling to help patients scope with the emotional impact of cancer diagnosis and treatment
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Basic definition
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells in the body These cells form a mass called a tutor, which can invade and destroy normal issues
English version of cancer introduction courseware
目录
CONTENTS
Overview of CancerSymptoms and Diagnosis of CancerTreatment methods for cancerPrevention and control of cancerRehabilitation and numbering of cancerResearch progress and future prospects of cancer
要点一
要点二
Rehabilitation programs
Design rehabilitation programs to help patients register physical functions, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy
Rehabilitation and numbering of cancer
Psychological support
Provide emotional support and counseling to help patients scope with the emotional impact of cancer diagnosis and treatment
癌症临床试验(英文版PPT课件
effectiveness of new treatment
4
Types of Clinical Trials
• Treatment • Prevention • Screening and early detection • Diagnostic • Genetics • Quality-of-life / supportive care
– Early access to new interventions
• Possible risk:
– Unknown side effects and effectiveness
7
Screening and Early-Detection Trials
• Assess new means of detecting cancer earlier in healthy people
– Compare new treatment with current standard
• Phase 4: From hundreds to thousands of people
– Usually takes place after drug is approved – Used to further evaluate long-term safety and
• Possible risk:
– Occurrence of unknown side effects
6
Prevention Trials
• For people at risk of developing cancer
• Action studies vs. agent studies • Possible benefit:
4
Types of Clinical Trials
• Treatment • Prevention • Screening and early detection • Diagnostic • Genetics • Quality-of-life / supportive care
– Early access to new interventions
• Possible risk:
– Unknown side effects and effectiveness
7
Screening and Early-Detection Trials
• Assess new means of detecting cancer earlier in healthy people
– Compare new treatment with current standard
• Phase 4: From hundreds to thousands of people
– Usually takes place after drug is approved – Used to further evaluate long-term safety and
• Possible risk:
– Occurrence of unknown side effects
6
Prevention Trials
• For people at risk of developing cancer
• Action studies vs. agent studies • Possible benefit:
癌症英文版ppt课件
Don’t smoke! Keep healthy diet. Avoid too much sun.
Getting plenty of sleep and exercise and eating the right foods can help keep you healthy.
Cancer—it’s scary word, and a scary disease. Cancer kills a lot of people all over the world. But there’s good news too. Millions of people who have had cancer are still alive. Doctors have learned a great deal about treating and preventing cancer. WHAT IS CANCER? Cancer is not a single disease. It includes more than 100 different diseases. They may affect any part of the body. But they have one thing in common. They are all caused by cells that are out of control. All living things are made up of cells. An adult human body has about 30 trillion cells—that’s 30,000,000,000,000! Cells reproduce (make more cells) by dividing in half. In an adult body, about 25 million cells divide every second. That’s how the body heals itself. Sometimes a cell goes out of control and divides over and over. And that’s what cancer is— unhealthy cells, growing and reproducing out of control. These cells are said to be cancerous. WHY CANCER IS DANGEROUS When cancerous cells multiply, they form tumors. Tumors can interfere with important body processes. Cancer of the lungs, for instance, interferes with breathing. Cancer of the stomach interferes with digesting food. Cancerous cells can also spread to other parts of the body. Then new tumors form. Cancer that has metastasized is the most dangerous. When cancer attacks several parts of the body, it is hard to stop. HOW DOCTORS TREAT CANCER The best weapon against cancer is detecting it at an early stage before it grows very much. Regular checkups by a doctor can detect cancer before it grows and spreads. People whose cancers are discovered early usually survive. Some cancerous tumors can be removed by surgery. Doctors must remove some surrounding healthy cells, too, to be sure they get all the caions of people with cancer still alive •Technology for cancer treating
Getting plenty of sleep and exercise and eating the right foods can help keep you healthy.
Cancer—it’s scary word, and a scary disease. Cancer kills a lot of people all over the world. But there’s good news too. Millions of people who have had cancer are still alive. Doctors have learned a great deal about treating and preventing cancer. WHAT IS CANCER? Cancer is not a single disease. It includes more than 100 different diseases. They may affect any part of the body. But they have one thing in common. They are all caused by cells that are out of control. All living things are made up of cells. An adult human body has about 30 trillion cells—that’s 30,000,000,000,000! Cells reproduce (make more cells) by dividing in half. In an adult body, about 25 million cells divide every second. That’s how the body heals itself. Sometimes a cell goes out of control and divides over and over. And that’s what cancer is— unhealthy cells, growing and reproducing out of control. These cells are said to be cancerous. WHY CANCER IS DANGEROUS When cancerous cells multiply, they form tumors. Tumors can interfere with important body processes. Cancer of the lungs, for instance, interferes with breathing. Cancer of the stomach interferes with digesting food. Cancerous cells can also spread to other parts of the body. Then new tumors form. Cancer that has metastasized is the most dangerous. When cancer attacks several parts of the body, it is hard to stop. HOW DOCTORS TREAT CANCER The best weapon against cancer is detecting it at an early stage before it grows very much. Regular checkups by a doctor can detect cancer before it grows and spreads. People whose cancers are discovered early usually survive. Some cancerous tumors can be removed by surgery. Doctors must remove some surrounding healthy cells, too, to be sure they get all the caions of people with cancer still alive •Technology for cancer treating
肺癌英文PPT课件可修改文字
Bronchoscope
Bronchoscope may verify the existence of tumor , of Central type, and cytologic diagnosis of lung cancer should be obtained though FBC
.Blind biopsy may be help to the diagnosis of the tumor beyond the range of bronchoscope vision
Clinical Features
(4).Horner’s syndrome.It is caused by invading the cervical sympathetic ganglia on the involved side the pupil is small ptosis of the up eyelids,retraction of the eyeball and no sweat of the face.
Passive smoking is also a carcinogen factor.
Etiology
2.Atmospheric pollution.It was found that carcinogenic factor is benzpyrene .
3.Occupational factors. 4Radioactivity in the atmosphere . 5.Diets and Nutrition. 6.Chronic irritation. 7.Genetic factors.
Fig5 Cavitating Bronchial Carcinoma
英文肺癌护理病例学习PPT课件
a small amount of hemoptysis, intermittent cough，no
chest pain, the condition is stable, the laboratory results
are stable, give the patient the discharge of the hospital in
Treatment
Transamin 500mg intravenous q 6hr
Treatment
Home medication:
Nursing care plan
Risk for hemorrhagic shock,
related to massive
2
hemoptysis 15/6/2018
Objectives Nursing care This is a good space for a short subtitle
Evaluation
diagnosis
criteria
Impaired gas
The patient’s gas Continuous oxygen The patient can
About NSCLC
Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer，due to cancer-causing substances (carcinogens) in the air are inhaled and cause cell damage that later becomes cancer. The most common cause of lung cancer, by far, is smoking.
癌症临床试验(英文版)35页PPT
– Does treatment do what it is supposed to? – How does treatment affect the body?
2
Phases of Clinical Trials
• Phase 3: From 100 to thousands of people
1
Phases of Clinical Trials
• Phase 1: 15-30 people
– What dosage is safe? – How should treatment be given? – How does treatment affect the body?
• Phase 2: Less than 100 people
• Possible risk:
– Occurrence of unknown side effects
5
Prevention Trials
• For people at risk of developing cancer
• Action studies vs. agent studies • Possible benefit:
• Possible benefit:
– Detecting disease at an earlier stage, resulting in improved outcomes
• Possible risks:
– Discomfort and inconvenience – If imaging technique is studied, exposure to x-ra and less invasive – Earlier detection of recurrences
2
Phases of Clinical Trials
• Phase 3: From 100 to thousands of people
1
Phases of Clinical Trials
• Phase 1: 15-30 people
– What dosage is safe? – How should treatment be given? – How does treatment affect the body?
• Phase 2: Less than 100 people
• Possible risk:
– Occurrence of unknown side effects
5
Prevention Trials
• For people at risk of developing cancer
• Action studies vs. agent studies • Possible benefit:
• Possible benefit:
– Detecting disease at an earlier stage, resulting in improved outcomes
• Possible risks:
– Discomfort and inconvenience – If imaging technique is studied, exposure to x-ra and less invasive – Earlier detection of recurrences
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– Does treatment do what it is supposed to? – How does treatment affect the body?
3
Phases of CliniFra bibliotekal Trials
• Phase 3: From 100 to thousands of people
9
Genetics Trials
• These trials seek to: – Determine how one’s genetic makeup can influence detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment – Broaden understanding of causes of cancer – Develop targeted treatments based on the genetics of a tumor
5
Screening and Early-Detection Trials
• Assess new means of detecting cancer earlier in healthy people
• Possible benefit:
– Detecting disease at an earlier stage, resulting in improved outcomes
2
Phases of Clinical Trials
• Phase 1: 15-30 people
– What dosage is safe? – How should treatment be given? – How does treatment affect the body?
• Phase 2: Less than 100 people
13
Clinical Trial Design
• Eligibility criteria: Can range from general (age, sex, type of cancer) to specific (prior treatment, tumor characteristics, blood cell counts, organ function); eligibility criteria also vary with trial phase
– Compare new treatment with current standard
• Phase 4: From hundreds to thousands of people
– Usually takes place after drug is approved – Used to further evaluate long-term safety and
• Possible risks:
– Discomfort and inconvenience – If imaging technique is studied, exposure to x-rays or
radioactive substances
8
Diagnostic Trials
• Develop better tools for classifying types and phases of cancer and managing patient care
• Possible benefits:
– New technology may be better and less invasive – Earlier detection of recurrences
• Possible risk:
– May require people to take multiple tests
• Possible risk: – May not benefit from participation
11
Clinical Trial Protocol
A written, detailed action plan that: • Provides background about the trial • Specifies trial objectives • Describes trial’s design and organization • Ensures that trial procedures are
effectiveness of new treatment
4
Types of Clinical Trials
• Treatment • Prevention • Screening and early detection • Diagnostic • Genetics • Quality-of-life / supportive care
10
Quality-of-Life / Supportive Care Trials
• Aim to improve quality of life for patients and their families
• Possible benefit: – Early access to new treatment
consistently carried out
12
Investigational Drug Use Outside of a Clinical Trial
• Group C drugs • Treatment Investigational New Drug
application • Compassionate use program
Cancer Clinical Trials
In-Depth Information
1
The Drug Development and Approval Process
1. Early research and preclinical testing 2. IND application filed with FDA 3. Clinical trials (phases 1, 2, and 3) 4. NDA filed with FDA 5. FDA validates claim and approves drug
3
Phases of CliniFra bibliotekal Trials
• Phase 3: From 100 to thousands of people
9
Genetics Trials
• These trials seek to: – Determine how one’s genetic makeup can influence detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment – Broaden understanding of causes of cancer – Develop targeted treatments based on the genetics of a tumor
5
Screening and Early-Detection Trials
• Assess new means of detecting cancer earlier in healthy people
• Possible benefit:
– Detecting disease at an earlier stage, resulting in improved outcomes
2
Phases of Clinical Trials
• Phase 1: 15-30 people
– What dosage is safe? – How should treatment be given? – How does treatment affect the body?
• Phase 2: Less than 100 people
13
Clinical Trial Design
• Eligibility criteria: Can range from general (age, sex, type of cancer) to specific (prior treatment, tumor characteristics, blood cell counts, organ function); eligibility criteria also vary with trial phase
– Compare new treatment with current standard
• Phase 4: From hundreds to thousands of people
– Usually takes place after drug is approved – Used to further evaluate long-term safety and
• Possible risks:
– Discomfort and inconvenience – If imaging technique is studied, exposure to x-rays or
radioactive substances
8
Diagnostic Trials
• Develop better tools for classifying types and phases of cancer and managing patient care
• Possible benefits:
– New technology may be better and less invasive – Earlier detection of recurrences
• Possible risk:
– May require people to take multiple tests
• Possible risk: – May not benefit from participation
11
Clinical Trial Protocol
A written, detailed action plan that: • Provides background about the trial • Specifies trial objectives • Describes trial’s design and organization • Ensures that trial procedures are
effectiveness of new treatment
4
Types of Clinical Trials
• Treatment • Prevention • Screening and early detection • Diagnostic • Genetics • Quality-of-life / supportive care
10
Quality-of-Life / Supportive Care Trials
• Aim to improve quality of life for patients and their families
• Possible benefit: – Early access to new treatment
consistently carried out
12
Investigational Drug Use Outside of a Clinical Trial
• Group C drugs • Treatment Investigational New Drug
application • Compassionate use program
Cancer Clinical Trials
In-Depth Information
1
The Drug Development and Approval Process
1. Early research and preclinical testing 2. IND application filed with FDA 3. Clinical trials (phases 1, 2, and 3) 4. NDA filed with FDA 5. FDA validates claim and approves drug