2012MBA联考系统阶段期末考试英语试卷

启用前·绝密2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考[英语]试卷考生注意事项1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则。

2. 答题前，考生应将答题卡上的“考生姓名”、“报考单位”、“考生编号”等信息填写清楚，并与准考证上的一致。

3. 答案必须按要求填涂或写在指定的答题卡上。

（1）词汇知识、综合填空、阅读理解的答案填涂在答题卡上，英译汉的答案和作文的答案写在答题纸上。

（2）填涂部分应该按照答题卡上的要求用2B铅笔完成。

如要改动，必须用橡皮擦干净。

书写部分（英译汉的答案和作文）必须用蓝（黑）色字迹钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题卡上作答。

4. 答题卡严禁折叠。

考试结束后，将答题卡和答题纸一起放入原试卷袋中，试卷交给监考人员。

Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D an ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Directions:Read the following passage.For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D.Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1.With 950 million people, India ranks second to China among the most populous countries. But since China 1 a family planning program in1971, India has been dosing the 2 . Indians have reduced their birth rate but not nearly 3 the Chinese have. If current growth rates continue, India’s population will 4 China's around the year 2028 5 about 1.7 billion.Should that happen, it won' t be the 6 of the enlightened women of Kerala, a state in southern India. 7 India as a whole adds almost 20 million people a year, Kerala’s population is virtually 8 . The reason is no mystery: nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control, 9 about 40 % in the entire nation.The difference 10 the emphasis put on health programs 11 birth control, by the state authorities, 12 in 1957 became India's first elected Communist 13 . And an educational tradition and matrilineal (母系的) customs in parts of Kerala help girls and boys get 14 good schooling. While one in three Indian women is 15 ,90% of those in Kerala can read and write. Higher literacy rates 16 family planning. "Unlike our parents, we know that we can do more for our children if we have 17 of them," says Laila Cherian, 33, who lives in the village of Kudamaloor. She has limited herself 18 three children-one below the national 19 of four. That kind of restraint (抑制；克制) will keep Kerala from putting added 20 on world food supplies. （258 ）1. A. discovered B. circulated C. launched D. transmitted2. A. gap B. top C. bit D. bet3. A. as many as B. as well as C. as soon as D. as much as4. A. shake B. pass C. rocket D. impress5. A. on B. in C. at D. for6. A. force B. fight C. false D. fault7. A. While B. Since C. Because D. Suppose8. A. reliable B. stable C. countable D. flexible9. A. benefited from B. involved with C. compared with D. resulted from10. A. lies in B. shows off C. results in D. departs from11 .A. reviving B. including C. practicing D. containing12. A. that B. since C. what D. which13. A. group B. alliance C. government D. bureau14. A. equally B. officially C. sharply D. proudly15. A. cultural B. literate C. native D. responsible16. A. foster B. hamper C. reform D. advocate17. A. less B. more C. fewer D. better18. A. in B at C. as D. to19. A. statistics B. average C. tendency D. category20. A. increase B. challenge C. pressure D. complaintSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Passage 1The media can impact current events. As a graduate student at Berkeley in the 1960s, I remember experiencingthe events related to the People’s Park that were occurring on campus. Some of these events were given national media coverage in the press and on TV. I found it interesting to compare my impressions of what was going on with perceptions obtained from the news media. I could begin to see events of that time feed on news coverage. This also provided me with some healthy insights into the distinctions between these realities.Electronic media are having a greater impact on the peopl e’s lives every day. People gather more and more of their impressions from representations. Television and telephone communications are linking people to a global village, or what one writer calls the electronic city. Consider the information that television brings into your home every day. Consider also the contact you have with others simply by using telephone. These media extend your consciousness and your contact. For example, the video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake focused on “live action” such as the fires or the rescue efforts. This gave the viewer the impression of total disaster. Television coverage of the Iraqi War also developed an immediacy. CNN reported events as they happened. This coverage was distributed worldwide. Although most people were far away from these events, they developed some perception of these realities.In 1992, many people watched in horror as riots broke out on a sad Wednesday evening in Los Angeles, seemingly fed by video coverage from helicopters. This event was triggered by the verdict (裁定) in the Rodney King beating. We are now in an age where the public can have access to information that enables it to make its own judgments, and most people, who had seen the video of this beating, could not understand how the jury (陪审团) was able to acquit (宣布无罪) the policemen involved. Media coverage of events as they occur also provides powerful feedback that influences events. This can have harmful results, as it seemed on that Wednesday night in Los Angeles. By Friday n ight the public got to see Rodney King on television pleading, “Can we all get along?” By Saturday, television seemed to provide positive feedback as the Los Angeles riot turned out into a rally for peace. The television showed thousands of people marching with banners and cleaning tools. Because of that, many more people turned out to join the peaceful event they saw unfolding (展开) on television. The real healing, of course, will take much longer, but electronic media will continue to be a part of that process. （455 words ）21. The best title for the passage is ______.A.The 1989 San Francisco Earthquake and the 1992 Los Angeles RiotsB.How Media Cover EventsC.The 1992 Los Angeles RiotsD.The Impact of Media on Current Events22. All the following statements are true EXCEPT that ______.A.all the events occurring on the university campus at Berkeley were given national media coverageB.video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake gave the viewers the impression of total disasterC.electronic media can extend one’s contact with the worldD.those living far away from a certain event can also have some perception of realities by watching television23. The term “electronic city” in Paragraph 2 refers to ______.A. BerkeleyB. EarthC. Los AngelesD. San Francisco24. The 1992 Los Angeles riots broke out because ______.A.video coverage from helicopters had made people angryB.video coverage had provided powerful feedbackC.the jury acquitted the policemen who had beaten Rodney KingD.people can make their own judgments25. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A.the 1992 Los Angeles riots lasted a whole weekB.Rodney King seemed very angry when he appeared on television on FridayC.media coverage of events as they occur can have either good or bad resultsD.most people who had seen the video of the Rodney King beating agree with the verdict of the jury Passage 2Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities (operating room, tests, medicines) that they use. Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veterans' hospitals, a federal government agency. Others are operated by religious order or other nonprofit. Some medical doctors are on salary groups. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service.Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not un common for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than$ 100,000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would-be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20,000 a year at one of the best private institutions- Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $ 10,000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies.Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death. （382 ）26. According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by ____.A. a churchB. a corporationC. a cityD. a state27. The expenses for becoming a doctor are spent on _____.A. schooling and trainingB. practice in a hospitalC. facilities he or she usesD. education he or she receives28. According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independentphysician in the USA?A. About seven years.B. Eight yearsC. Ten years.D. About twelve years29. Sometimes several physicians set up a group of medical practice mainly because ____.A. they may have mote patientsB. they can take turns to work long hoursC. facilities may be a big burden to an individualD. no one wants to assume too much responsibility30. Which of the following statements could fully express the author’s view towards physicians’ payment in theUSA?A. Physicians’expensive education and the characteristics of their work make them well deserve thehandsome pay.B. It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their work is very dangerous.C. Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions.D. Physicians shoulder great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded.Passage 3In some countries where racial prejudice is acute，violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences，that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force；there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides，who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men，get up and calmly argue in favor of violence as if it were a legitimate solution，like any other. What is really frightening，what really fills you with despair，is the realization that when it comes to the crunch，we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint，but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race，that tedious documentation of violence，has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror，the bloodshed，the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and herder to get a hearing. They are despised，mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use，if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos，at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all，we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort，it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social program. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible，providing we work within the framework of the law.Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races，we must appreciate each other's problems. And to do this，we must learn about them：it is a simple exercise in communication，in exchanging information. “Talk，talk，talk，”the advocates of violence say，“all you ever do is talk，and we are none the wiser.”It's rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk，he was none the wiser. “Possible，my lord，”the barrister replied，“none the wiser，but surely far better informed.”Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom：the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.31. What is the best title for this passage？A. Advocating Violence.B. Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.C. Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.D. The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.32. Recorded history has taught us________________.A. violence never solves anything.B. nothing.C. the bloodshed means nothing.D. everything.33. It can be inferred that truly reasonable men______.A. can't get a hearing.B. are looked down upon.C. are persecuted.D. Have difficulty in advocating law enforcement.34. “He was none the wiser”means______.A. he was not at all wise in listening.B. He was not at all wiser than nothing before.C. He gains nothing after listening.D. He makes no sense of the argument.35. According the author the best way to solve race prejudice isA. law enforcement.B. knowledge.C. nonviolence.D. Mopping up the violent mess.Passage 4In 1985 when a Japan Air Lines (JAL) jet crashed, its president, Yasumoto Takagi, called each victim’s family to apologize, and then promptly resigned. And in 1987, when a subsidiary of Toshiba sold sensitive military technology to the former Soviet Union, the chairman of Toshiba gave up his post.These executive actions, which Toshiba calls “the highest form of apology,”may seem bizarre to US managers. No one at Boeing resigned after the JAL crash, which may have been caused by a faulty Boeing repair.The difference between the two business cultures centers around different definitions of delegation. While US executives give both responsibility and authority to their employees, Japanese executives delegate only authority – the responsibility is still their. Although the subsidiary that sold the sensitive technology to the Soviets had its own management, the Toshiba top executives said they “must take personal responsibility for not creating an atmosphere throughout the Toshiba group that would make such activity unthinkable, even in an independently run subsidiary.”Such acceptance of community responsibility is not unique to businesses in Japan. School principals in Japan have resigned when their students committed major crimes after school hours. Even if they do not quit, Japanese executives will often accept primary responsibility in other ways, such as taking the first pay cut when a company gets into financial trouble. Such personal sacrifices, even if they are largely symbolic, help to create the sense of community and employee loyalty that is crucial to the Japanese way of doing business.Harvard Business School professor George Lodge calls the ritual acceptance of blame “almost a feudal （封建的）way of purging（清除）the community of dishonor,” and to some in the United States, such resignations look cowardly. However, in an era in which both business and governmental leaders seem particularly good at evading responsibility, many US managers would probably welcome an infusion（灌输）of the Japanese , US automobile company executives offered to reduce their own salaries before they asked their workers to take pay cuts, negotiations would probably take on a very different character. ( 341 )36. Why did the chairman of Toshiba resign his position in 1987?A. In Japan, the leakage of a state secret to Russians is a grave crime.B. He had been under attack for shifting responsibility to his subordinates.C. In Japan, the chief executive of a corporation is held responsible for the mistake made by its subsidiaries.D. He had been accused of being cowardly towards crises that were taking place in his corporation.37. According to the passage, if you want to be a good manager in Japan, you have to .A. apologize promptly for your subordinates’ mistakesB. be skillful in accepting blames from customersC. make symbolic sacrifices whenever necessaryD. create a strong sense of company loyalty38. What’s Professor George Lodge’s attitude towards the resignations of Japanese corporate leaders?A. Sympathetic.B. Biased.C. Critical.D. Approving.39. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Boeing had nothing to do with the JAL air crash in 1985.B. American executives consider authority and responsibility inseparable.C. School principals bear legal responsibility for students’ crimes.D. Persuading employees to take pay cuts doesn’t help solve corporate crises.40. The passage is mainly about .A. resignation as an effective way of dealing with business crisesB. the importance of delegating responsibility to employeesC. ways of evading responsibility in times of crisesD. the difference between two business culturesPart BDirections: Read the following text and decide whether each of the statements is true or false. Choose T if the statement is true or F if the statement is not true. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Good grades and high tests scores still matter — a lot — to many colleges as they award financial aid. But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typ ically known as “merit aid”, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars. George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, proclaimed last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients, pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-oriented aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago.Not all colleges offer merit aid; generally, the more selective a school, the less likely it is to do so. Harvard and Princeton, for example, offer generous need-oriented packages, but many families who don’t meet need eligibility have been willing to pay whatever they must for a big-name school. For small regional colleges that struggle just to fill seats, merit aid can be an important revenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars over and above the scholarship amount to keep the institution running. But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profits. “They’re trying to buy students,” says Skidmore College economist Sandy Baum.Studies show merit aid also tends to benefit disproportionately students who could afford to enroll without it.“As we look to the future, we see a more pressing need to invest in need-orient ed aid,” says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that ti me, it rose in US News & World Report’s ranking of the best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17. Merit aid, which benefited about 75 students a year, or about 4% of its student body, at a cost of about $ 1 million a year, “served us well,” Inzer says, but“to be discounting the price for families that don’t need financial aid doesn’t feel right any more.”Need-oriented aid remains by far the largest share of all student aid, which includes state, federal and institutional grants. But merit aid, offered primarily by schools and states, is growing faster, both overall and at the institutional level. Between 1995-96 and 2003-04, institutional merit aid alone increased 212%, compared with 47% for need-oriented grants. At least 15 states also offer merit aid, typically in a bid to enroll top students in the state’s public institutions. But in recent years, a growing chorus of critics has begun pressuring schools to drop the practice. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be “a sign that people are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition going on,” says Baum, co-author of a recent College Report that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based on need. David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to reduce their merit aid but fear that in doing so, they would lose top students to their competitors.41. With more and more low-income students pursuing higher education, many colleges are changing their admission processes.42. Allegheny College began to cut its merit-based aid to help the needy students three years ago.43. The chief purpose of rankings-conscious colleges in offering merit aid is to increase their revenues.44. Monica Inzer believes it’s not right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition.45. In recent years, merit-based aid has increased much faster than need-based aid due to more government funding to colleges.Section III TranslationDirections: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate it into Chinese and write your version on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Loneliness is most acutely felt with other people, for with others, even with a lover sometimes, we suffer from our differences of taste, temperament, mood. Human intercourse often demands that we soften the edge of perception, or withdraw at the very instant of personal truth for fear of hurting, or of being inappropriately present, which is to say naked, in a social situation. I am lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up.And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out.Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants, perhaps, and looking again at each one as though it were a person, by feeding the two cats, by cooking a meal. Section IV WritingPart ADirections: write a letter to invite your colleagues to participate in a family party. The follows should be included (10 points)1) the reasons of invitation2) time and location of the partyIt should be no less than 100 words and don’t need write the address.Part BDirections:A．Study the following pie chart carefully and write an essay of about 150 words within 40 minutes.B．Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.C．Your essay should meet the requirements below:1 Describe the pie chart.2 State the possible benefits brought about by the investment.3 Suggest measures helping to attract investment from outsideInvestment in Beijing from Different Countries and RegionsHong Kong ---44%Japan --- 19.2%U.S.A.---16%Other 23 countries ---21.8。