北京师范大学考博英语真题常见的一些介词及其用法
常见的英语介词的用法总结

常见的英语介词的用法总结常见的英语介词用法表示方位的介词:in, to, on表示计量的介词:at, for, by表示材料的介词:of, from, in表示工具或手段的介词:by, with, on表示关于的介词:of, about, on表示好像或当作的介词:like, as表示除某人某物外的介词:besides, excep介词用法口诀早、午、晚要用 in,at 黎明、午夜、点与分。
年、月、年月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、帽 in。
将来时态 in ... 以后,小处 at 大处 in。
有形 with 无形 by,语言、单位、材料 in。
特征、方面与方式,心情成语惯用 in。
介词 at 和 to 表方向,攻击、位置、恶、善分。
早、午、晚要用 in介词的种类(1) 简单介词:about, across, after, against, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, but, by, down, during, for, from, in, of, on, over, near, round, since, to, under, up, with等等。
(2) 合成介词:inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within(3) 短语介词:according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, owing to, up to, with reguard to(4) 分词介词:considering, reguarding, including, concerning 介词in的常见用法1.动词+ina)动词+ inbelieve in信任, break in碎成,bring in引起;产生;带来, call in 下令收回, fill in填充,get in收获, hand in上缴, involve in涉及, lie in 在于, result in导致, share in共享,succeed in成功, take in卷起;订阅, turn in归还当局。
重点介词用法归纳

重点介词用法归纳1.at的用法:(1)用于时刻前。
如:at noon, at night, at sunrise(2)用于钟点前。
如:at one o’clock, at a quarter past two(3)用于固定搭配中。
如:at Christmas, at New Year2.in的用法:(1)用于某个较长的时间。
如:世纪,年,季节,月份等。
in thetwenty-first century(2)用于泛指一天的上午/下午/晚上。
in the morning/afternoon/evening(3)用于表示“从现在起,多长时间后或多久以后”的短语。
They will finish the work in an hour.3.on的用法:(1)用于星期、日期(包括该天的各部分),如:on Sundays/weekdays,on Sunday morning(2)用于具体某天或当天的上午,下午,晚上等。
或上述名词有描绘性修饰语时。
如:on September 1, on a cold morning, on the night of October 1, on hisbirthday(3)用于公共节假日前。
如:on Tea chers’ Day, on Christmas Day4.to的用法:(1)表示“到”、“向”、“往”,如:We walk to town.(2)表示接受者,意为“给”,如:I gave the book to Mary.(3)表示几点差几分,如:It’s ten minutes to six.(4)表示“直到”,如:She read the book from the beginning to the end.(5)表示相对的位置,如:Japan is to the east of China.(6)用于固定搭配中:to one’s surprise, have to, get to5.by的用法:(1)表示“乘”、“用”某种交通工具,如:by bus/car(2)表示动作的执行者,意为“被”、“由”,如:The window wasrepaired by him.(3)表示时间,“到……为止”,通常用于过去完成时,如:By the end of last term, we had learnt three thousand English words.(4)表示“在附近”,如:The old man often walks by the river aftersupper.6.with的用法:(1)表示并列关系,意为“和”、“和……一起”,如:Can you come toplay football with us?(2)表示“带有”、“具有”,如:China is a large country with a long history.I like tea with nothing in it.(3)表示使用的工具、手段,意为“用”:如:He is writing with a pen.(4)表示行为的对象,意为“对着”、“就……来说”,如:Our English teacher is always strict with us.The boy is very pleased with his performance.His parents were angry with him because he did badly in the exam.(5)表示随身携带:It looks like rain. You’d better take a raincoat with you.7.without的用法:(1)without用以表示“没有”、“没有带(吃,穿,戴等)”。
常用介词的用法辨析(整理版)

介词的用法辨析⑴时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别:表示时间时:in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后),on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间;表示地点时:in表示在某个范围之内,on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。
如:He was born on the morning of May 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/I usually get up at 7:00 in the morning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床) /His glasses are right on his nose.(他的眼镜就架在他的鼻子上)/He is at the cinema at the moment.(此刻他正在电影院)⑵after与in表示时间的用法区别:“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一般时态;“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。
如:He said that he would be here after 6:00.(他说他六点钟之后会来这儿)/My father is coming back from England in about a month.(我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来)⑶since与for表示时间的用法区别:“since+(具体时刻/that-从句)”表示“自从…起一直到现在”,“for +(一段时间)”表示“总共有…之久”,都常用于完成时态;如:Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970.(李叔叔自从1970年起就在这家工厂工作了)/ Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 30 years. (李叔叔在这家工厂已经工作了30多年)⑷by、in与with表示方式的用法区别:都可以表示“工具、手段”by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以……方式”,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者;in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。
北京师范大学考博英语真题常见重点词汇答辩

北京师范大学考博英语真题常见重点词汇(1表示“在……之中(之间,相互”意义加前缀interlace束紧——interlace混合,交织breed繁殖——interbreed杂交,繁殖lock锁——interlock连锁personal个人的——interpersonal人际关系的(2表示“中间的,居中的”意义加前缀midsummer夏季——midsummer仲夏night夜晚——midnight午夜day白天——midday中午,正午ship船——midship船的中央部分(3表示“错误的(地,坏的(地,不利的(地”意义加前缀mismatch搭配——mismatch误配,配合不当quote引用——misquote错误地引用需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一,也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
count计算——miscount算错chance机会——mischance不幸,灾祸(4表示“再一次,重新,返回,在……后”意义加前缀re arrange安排——rearrange重新安排call呼唤——recall唤回decorate装饰——redecorate重新装饰value估价——revalue重新估价(5表示“越过,超越,过度的”意义加前缀overcharge索价——overcharge索价太高exposure曝光——overexposure感光过度fly飞——overfly飞越stock存货——overstock存货过多(6表示“下面的,不完全的,从属于”意义加前缀under sell出售——undersell廉价出售secretary部长——undersecretary副部长production生产——underproduction生产不足garment外衣——undergarment衬衣(7表示“一半,不完全的,发生两次的”意义加前缀semitone音调——semitone半音coke焦炭——semicoke半成焦炭detached分开的,独立的——semidetached半独立式的weekly每周的——semiweekly每周两次的(8表示“非常小的,微型的,小规模的”意义加前缀minibus公交车——minibus小公交车computer计算机——minicomputer小型计算机skirt裙子——miniskirt超短裙cab出租车——minicab小型计程车(9表示“大量的,多数的”意义加前缀multi(在元音前作mult linguistic语言的——multilinguistic多种语言的storey层的——multistorey多层楼的angular角形的——multangular多角的national国家的——multinational多国的(10表示“反对,反传统式样”意义加前缀antiwar战争——antiwar反战的cancer癌症——anticancer抗癌aircraft飞行器——antiaircraft对空的semitic犹太人的——anti semitic反犹太人的(11表示“共同的,相互的”意义加前缀coexist存在——coexist共存operation操作;工作,活动—cooperation合作,协力habit居住——cohabit同居education教育——coeducation男女同校的教育(12表示“下降,分离,相反,除去”意义加前缀de classify保密——declassify泄密rail铺设铁轨——derail脱离轨道,出轨appreciate赏识,升值——deappreciate贬值,折旧horn触角——dehorn切去角(13表示“本身的,独自的”意义加前缀autographic书写的——autographic亲笔的immunity免疫——autoimmunity自体免疫criticism批评——autocriticism自我批评biographical传记的——autobiographical自传的(14表示“代理,副,次”意义加前缀vicemonitor班长——vicemonitor副班长president总统——vicepresident副总统admiral海军上将——viceadmiral海军中将,次于海军上将royalty王——viceroyalty副王(15表示“在……之上,更加,超越”意义加前缀superabundance充足——superabundance剩余,过度cool变凉——supercool过度冷却addition增加物——superaddition追加incumbent现任的——superincumbent盖在上面的;(压力自上而下的(16表示“在(时间,场所……之后”意义加前缀postglacial冰河的——postglacial冰河期之后的graduate毕业生——postgraduate研究生war战争的——postwar战后时期impressionism印象主义——postimpressionism后印象主义派(17表示“假冒的,虚伪的,不真诚的”意义加前缀pseudomemory记忆——pseudomemory记忆错误love爱情——pseudolove假爱,不真诚的爱graphic文字的——pseudographic伪书的scientific科学的——pseudoscientific伪科学的(18表示“远(距离的,电视的”意义加前缀telephotography摄影术——telephotography远距离摄影术typewriter打字机——teletypewriter电传打字机meter计量器——telemeter测远计communication通信——telecommunication电信,远距离通讯本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
北师大版完整版英语介词用法总结(完整)

北师大版完整版英语介词用法总结(完整)一、选择题1.It’s a pity that the exercise is ________ the abilities of most of the class.A.over B.above C.beyond D.without2.The workers will build a new road ________ the two villages.A.from B.among C.at D.between3.The underground in this city has been ________ service for almost 3 years.A.on B.in C.at D.of4.—My aunt’s 3-year-old daughter can eat a meal with chopsticks.— Really? Most children ________ her age still use spoons.A.of B.in C.on D.for5.The ending of the film Diary of Dinosaurs was so surprising and fully went ________ my imagination.A.across B.over C.through D.beyond6.________small actions, like reusing water, we can make a great difference to our world. A.Across B.Beyond C.Through D.Against7.Last week, Oprah Winfrey had an interview ________ Harry and Meghan.A.with B.to C.about D.on 8.Sometimes I feel stressed because what my parents want me to do has gone ________ my ability.A.through B.against C.above D.beyond 9.There is a stone bridge ________ the river in front of my house.A.over B.under C.above D.below 10.Don’t be afraid of difficulties. Remember: kites rise highest ________ the wind, not with it. A.against B.above C.across D.along 11.—The boy is tall enough ________ his age.—Yes, I was much shorter when I was his age.A.of B.at C.from D.for12.Some of the technology we’ve seen on screen is ________ our ability to create. But that might not be true for long.A.against B.during C.beyond D.through13.A new bridge the Yangtze River in Nanjing opened to traffic on Dec. 24, 2020. A.through B.over C.on D.along14.It is believed that ________ December 21, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played.A.in B.on C.at D.for15.—I can’t think of any other actress who is more beautiful than Audrey Hepburn.—You’ve got the point. Her beauty is ________ words and she succeeded ________ hard work. A.over; by B.over; throughC.beyond; by D.beyond; through16.Everyone was touched ________ words after they watched the film Hi, MOM 《你好,李焕英》directed by Jia Ling.A.under B.across C.beyond D.against17.—I want to visit Liaoning History Museum. Is it open today?—No. It opens every day ________ Monday.A.except B.till C.between D.after18.The chopsticks are ________ wood.A.made of B.made from C.made in D.made with19.I met Nancy ________ my way home yesterday.A.in B.at C.by D.on20.I like reading. I often fill my bookshelf ________ all kinds of books, like novels, detective stories, and so on.A.on B.in C.with D.of21.Bees and butterflies play _______ flowers. Then they hide _______ the April showers. A.among; from B.among; in C.with; in D.with; on 22.Xuzhou Metro Line 2 came into use ________ November 28, 2020, it is one of the most important events in our daily life.A.at B.in C.on D.for 23.—Thanks for looking after me ________ my illness, Millie.—Don’t mention it. That’s what friends are for.A.beyond B.through C.across D.with 24.—Sorry, I can’t finish the exercise on time.—Never mind. It is ________ the abilities of most of the class.A.across B.on C.over D.beyond25.If success is a gate, the road ________ this gate must be full of difficulties.A.beyond B.opposite C.towards D.across26.— Would you like to visit the zoo with me now?—Sorry, it’s _______ the visiting hours. Let’s go there tomorrow.A.beyond B.through C.during D.on27.—I haven’t been to Shenzhen for years.—You really need to pay a visit, and you’ll find changes there are ________ imagination. A.beyond B.through C.without D.for28.In the end, Mr Song came up____a good method to solve the problem.A.for B.at C.in D.with29.To fully understand the writer, we must read not only between the lines, but sometimes________ the lines.A.within B.beyond C.beside D.among30.—It's reported that Stanley Ho Hung-sun passed away on May 26th at the age of 98.—The whole country felt sad about that. As a successful businessman, his contribution to society and love for the motherland went far ________ his wealth.A.beside B.over C.beyond D.above31.Let’s vote ________ China’s Inspirational Role Models(感动中国人物) ________ the Internet, shall we?A.for; in B.to; on C.on; over D.for; on 32.China sent up the final satellite of Beidou Navigation Satellite System(北斗卫星导航系统) from Xichang Satellite Center___________ June 23,2020.A.at B.in C.to D.on33.—How long have you lived in the new building?—_____2010.A.After B.In C.Since D.Before34.To my pleasure, my family is always ________me, so I can follow my dreams with great courage.A.past B.above C.upon D.behind 35.—There have been great changes in Taizhou in the past few years.—I can't agree more. The changes there are ________ my imagination.A.near B.past C.along D.beyond36.The exercise was __________ the abilities of most students, so very few could work it out. A.beyond B.over C.against D.through37.The grassland, reaching out far away, looks rather beautiful _____ the blue and clean sky. A.against B.above C.through D.past 38.Armstrong joined the navy in 1949 and served _______ a pilot for three years.A.with B.like C.to D.as39.My mum searched ________ the messy books and found my pencil was under a Harry Potter. A.as B.across C.through D.for40.Peter is clever enough to read and write __________ the age of 4.A.between B.at C.to D.during【参考答案】一、选择题1.C解析:C【详解】句意:很遗憾,这个练习超出了班上大多数人的能力。
考博介词短语_英语语法词汇

介词是学习英语的难点之一,特别在阅读过程中是一个“拦路虎”。
介词短语是构成长难句的一个重要因素。
介词短语可用作定语、状语、表语和补足语。
介词可与动词、名词、形容词等连用。
这里特别指出一种介词复合结构,with(without)构成的复合结构,这种复合结构的形式有:·with+名词+分词·with+名词+介词·with+名词+形容词·with+名词+动词不定式这种结构在句中起状语、定语作用,或用来对句子或某一成分作补充说明。
在这种结构中,with没有实际词意。
在翻译时可把名词和其后的介词短语或形容词当作主语和表语的关系来处理;把名词和其后的分词或动词不定式当作主语和谓语关系来处理。
(一)with十名词十分词的结构这种结构在英语中可称为“分词复合结构”。
它在句中可作定语或状语。
在科技文章中常用来对句子或某个成分作补充说明。
(1) if something is moving, with nothing touching it, it will go on forever,coasting at a uniform speed in a straight line.正在运动的某一物体,如果没有受到任何外力触动,它将永远继续作匀速直线运动。
(条件状语)(2)the light we see,with its colors ranging from deep red to deep violet,serves us in our daily lives.我们看到的从深红色到深紫色的光,在日常生活中为我们服务。
(作非限定性定语,修饰light。
)(3)with more experimenting being doing every year,much of photosythesis will certainly be known before very long.随着每年所进行的实验增多,可以肯定,不久将会对光合作用了解得更多。
介词的用法总结

介词的用法1.表示地点位置的介词1)at ,in, on, to,forat (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近,旁边”in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示“在…范围之内”。
on 表示毗邻,接壤,“在……上面”。
to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤;或“到……”2)above, over, on 在……上above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,及 below相对;over指垂直的上方,及under相对,但over及物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。
on表示某物体上面并及之接触。
The bird is flying above my head. There is a bridge over the river. He put his watch on the desk.3)below, under 在……下面under表示在…正下方below表示在……下,不一定在正下方There is a cat under the table.Please write your name below the line.4)in front [frant]of, in the front of在……前面in front of…意思是“在……前面”,指甲物在乙物之前,两者互不包括;其反义词是behind(在……的后面)。
There are some flowers in front of the house.(房子前面有些花卉。
) in the front of 意思是“在…..的前部”,即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是at the back of…(在……范围内的后部)。
There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom.我们的教室前边有一块黑板。
Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom.我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里)5)beside,behindbeside 表示在……旁边behind 表示在……后面2.表示时间的介词1)in , on,at 在……时in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。
介词的用法举例10个

介词的用法举例10个一、介词的概述介词是英语语法中非常重要的一部分,用来表示名词与其他词或短语之间的关系,起到连接作用。
在句子中,介词通常放在名词前面,以表达时间、地点、原因、方式等各种关系。
本文将为大家举例说明英语中常见的10个介词及其用法。
二、关于"at"1. 表示时间:at用来表示具体时刻,如at five o'clock(在五点)、at midnight (在午夜)。
2. 表示位置:at也可用来表示某个地点或场所,在这种情况下往往与表示建筑物名称的单数名词连用,如at the library(在图书馆)、at home(在家)。
3. 表示活动:at还可以表示特定活动和某种状态,如be at work(上班)、laugh at(嘲笑)。
三、关于"in"1. 表示范围:in可以表达某种范围或领域,在这种情况下常与空间名词连用,如in the city(在城市里)、in a room(在一个房间里)。
2. 表示位置:in还可以表示物体位于容器内部或者方位上,在这种情况下往往与封闭物体连用,如in a box(在一个盒子里)、in the corner(在角落里)。
3. 表示时间:in还被用来表示一段时间或季节,例如in summer(在夏天)、in the evening(在晚上)。
四、关于"on"1. 表示日期或某一天:on常用来表示特定的日期或某一天,在这种情况下通常与星期连用,如on Monday(在星期一)、on Christmas Day(在圣诞节)。
2. 表示表面:on也可以用来表示物体的表面,如on the table(在桌子上)、write on paper(写在纸上)。
3. 表示交通工具:on还可以表示乘坐交通工具或使用某种媒介,如get on abus(上公交车)、listen to music on the radio(听收音机播放的音乐)。
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北京师范大学考博英语真题常见的一些介词及其用法介词是一种表示名词和句中其他词之间关系的词,它不能单独作句子成分,后接名词、代词等作其宾语。
一、介词搭配介词常与名词、动词、形容词等搭配。
(一)与名词搭配如:in deficit(赤字,逆差)approach to(……的方法)in the wake of(紧紧跟随,随着……而来)from scratch(从零开始)需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一,也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
例句:China also signed a long term trade agreement with the EEC in1978while trade with the USA has increased rapidly in the wake of the normalization of diplomatic relations at the beginning of1979.分析:该句是并列句。
译文:1978年中国还与欧洲经济共同体签署了长期贸易协议;随着1979年初与美国外交关系正常化的到来,中国与美国的贸易也迅速增长。
(二)与动词搭配如:move along(沿着)bustle about(匆忙)buoy up(上升)rein in(抑制)pass down(使流传)例句:The decline was partly caused by India s reining in of its budget deficit and the short term effects of the implementation of strong emergency stabilization measures.分析:该句是简单句。
译文:衰退的部分原因是印度抑制其预算赤字及推行强有力的紧急稳定措施的短期效果。
例句:Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage,either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father s line or mitochondrial DNA,which is passed down only from mothers.(选自2009年Text2)分析:该句是复合句,句子主干是most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage,either...or...引导的并列短语作a single lineage的同位语,which is passed down only from mothers是一个修饰mitochondrial DNA的非限制性定语从句。
译文:然而,许多血统检测仅仅考虑一个单一的血统,要么是遗传来自父亲家庭里的Y染色体,要么是仅从母亲那里遗传下来的线粒体DNA。
(三)与形容词搭配如:amenable to(对……负责)conducive to(对……有益)awkward for(对……不便,对……不合适)例句:Korea traditionally has made things awkward for foreignersin terms of its financial systems,its real estate laws and so forth.分析:该句是简单句。
译文:韩国传统上一直在金融体制、不动产法等方面让外国人感到极不方便。
二、介词分类(一)简单介词介词由一个单词构成,常见的有:aboutaboveacrossafteragainstalongamong(a)roundasatbeforebehindbelowbeneathbeside(s)betweenbeyond butbyconsidering(考虑到)concerning(关于)despite(尽管,任凭)downduringexcept for fromin insideintoincluding likenearof offonopposite outsideoverpast regarding(关于)sincethrough tillthroughoutto toward(s)underupwithwithinwithout例句:Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response:causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.(选自2008年Text1)分析:该句是复合句,主干部分为studies...have shown that...。
分词causing...作状语表示伴随,其逻辑主语是sex hormones。
译文:对人和动物的研究已经表明性激素荷尔蒙以某种方式会影响对压力的反应;结果造成在同等条件下,妇女处于压力下会比男人产生更多的诱发性的化学物质。
例句:Of course,the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic,especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock.(选自2011年Text 4)分析:该句是复合句。
that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present是一个定语从句,修饰image of parenthood,介词短语like Us Weekly and People作后置定语,修饰celebrity magazines。
译文:当然,《我们周刊》、《人物》等名人杂志中呈现出来的父母形象非常不切实际,尤其当母亲是布洛克这样的单亲妈妈时更是如此。
(二)成语介词成语介词由两个或两个以上的单词构成。
如:according toahead ofalong withapart fromas foras tobecause ofdue toexcept forin view ofirrespective of(无论)out ofprevious toprior tothanks totogether withup toby means ofby way offor the sake ofin the event ofin front ofinstead ofon the point ofon account ofowing towith a view to(为了)with regard toas well asin addition toother thanapart from例句:He must store a large quantity of grain instead of consuming all his grain immediately.(选自2000年Cloze Test)分析:该句是简单句。
译文:他必须储存大量的粮食,而不是马上将其全部消耗掉。
例句:Corporations and labor unions have conferred great benefits upon their employees and members as well as upon the general public.(1999年第37题)分析:该句是简单句。
译文:公司和工会为公司员工、工会成员和广大公众都带来了极大的利益。
三、介词短语的用法介词在句中不能独立使用,它后面必须接一个宾语构成介宾短语,又称介词词组,在句中可作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语。
(一)定语(后置修饰语)例句:China s powerful Ministry of Foreign Economic Relationsand Trade will be monitoring trade signals from the new Clinton Administration.分析:该句是简单句。
译文:强大的中国对外经济关系与贸易部将密切注视克林顿新政府的贸易动向。
例句:At times,more care goes into the composition of newspaper and magazine advertisements than into the writing of features and editorials.分析:该句是复合句,在than后面省略了more care goes。
译文:有时,报纸杂志的广告创作比特写和社论写作更费心。
(二)表语(用于系动词be,look,remain后)例句:Many of the actors and actresses are on location now.译文:许多男女演员现在正在拍外景。
例句:In speaking,the choice of words is of the utmost importance.译文:说话时,选词是最重要的。
(三)状语(修饰谓语动词或整个句子,可置于句首、句中、句末)例句:In the long run,however,this hurry to shed full time staff may be as harmful to industry as it is to the workforce.(2000年第15题)分析:该句是复合句。
译文:但是从长远来看,草率地解雇全职员工,既不利于职工,也有害于产业。
例句:The findings of a research institution have consistentlyshown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and,as a result,radically higher standards of living.(选自2009年Text3)分析:该句是复合句,句子主干是The findings of a research institution have shown that...。