五大句型
英语五大基本句型
英语五大基本句型（单句）1.S+V2.S+V+O3.S+V+C4.S+V+O+O5.S+V+O+CS：主语V：谓语动词O：宾语C:补语基本句型一：S+V此句型的句子的共同特点是句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词。
例：Time flies.We all eat and drink.●注意：同一个动词，视用法的不同，往往可能当及物动词使用也可能当不及物动词使用。
例：The dog bit the mailman.Do not worry.The dog does not bite.基本句型二：S+V+O此句型的句子的共同特点是谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但都不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使句子完整。
这类动词叫做及物动词。
例：Who knows the answer?She laughs at her.基本句型三：S+V+C此句型的句子的共同特点是谓语动词都不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的补语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整意思。
这类动词叫做连系动词。
连系动词分两种（1）表示状态的系动词：be,look,seem,appear,smell,sound等（2）表示转变或结果的系动词：get,grow,turn,go,come,prove等●何谓补语要了解补语，只需要研究那些解释为“是”的动词。
基本句型有五种，是因为有五种特性不同的动词造成的。
在所有的英语动词中，只有解释为“是”的这种动词是空的，完全没有意义，这种动词就需要补语来补足句子意思。
一种完全缺乏叙述能力的动词例：The dog bit the mailman.The dog was a bulldog.Your girlfriend is beautiful.所有解释为“是”的动词都无叙述能力，只能够把主语和后面真正在做叙部的部分串连起来，所以它叫连系动词。
跟在这种动词后面的部分，即为补语。
五大基本句型
the table the door the house him me them
宾补
clean. green. dirty. sad? to come back soon. getting on the bus.
Tomis handsome.
5. 主+系+表（S+V+P)
系动词分类
1. be 动词 (“Be”除了原形的“be”之外，还有另外七种形式：am, is, are,
主语
She He He They Danny I He
谓语
laughs at speaks is making ate likes want said
宾语
her. English. cakes. some apples. cats a cup of tea. "Good morning."
Tomgivesmea book.
句子
（按结构分）
1. 简单句 2. 复杂句 3. 并列句 4. 并列复杂句
五大基本句型
（简单句）
1. 主+谓（S+V) 2. 主+谓+宾（S+V+O) 3. 主+谓+宾+宾（+宾补（S+V+O+O.C) 5. 主+系+表（S+V+P)
Tomslept
1. 主+谓（S+V)
3. 主+谓+宾+宾（S+V+O+O)
Practice
1. 她递给他一条新裙子。 2. 他给她做了一顿美味的饭菜。 3. Mary 借给Tom 很多钱。 4. 他给Helen没买东西。
英语五大基本句型
7. The weather became
8. His face turned
an English dictionary. good. happy. different. tall and strong. interesting. warmer and warmer. red.
Hale Waihona Puke 基本句型四Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +DＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型二
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语 动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动 作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟 有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能 使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
Ｓ Ｖ（实义动词）
Ｏ(宾语)
1. Who knows
2. She laughed at
3. He understands
我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的 一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。
不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌 握动词的类型。以 get 为例：
He's getting angry.
(S V P)
He got through the window. (S V O)
You'll get a surprise. (S V O)
5.The palaces were large and beautiful. 主+系+表
6.Horse-riding,hammer throw and shooting are some of the more unusual events. 主+系+表
8.I will pick up rubbish from the ground.
五大基本句型
五大基本句型1.主语+ 不及物动词（主谓结构）句子的谓语动词能表达完整意思，后面可跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
Eg：The moon rose slowly.They talked for half an hour.They have gone.2.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语（主谓宾结构）谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。
Eg：Jane is reading a fairy story.He enjoys reading.I want to have a cup of tea.3.主语+ 系动词+ 表语（主系表结构）句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做连系动词。
系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。
be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。
其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。
Eg：This is an English-Chinese dictionary.Everything looks different.His face turned red.4.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语（主谓宾宾补结构）动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
Eg：I heard him singing in the hall.They painted the wall green.I saw them getting on the bus.5.主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语（主谓宾宾结构）谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。
这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。
五大基本句型、七大句子成分、陈述句和疑问句
（二）七大句子成分 主谓宾表定状补
定语:修饰名词或代词
The boy is my brother.
The handsome boy is my brother.
I live in a house.
I live in a house close to some mountains.
状语：修饰动词
I love you.
前后的be动词、情态v.或助动词一致。
isn't.
是的，没有电脑。
(2)前后时态一致。
(3)问句的主语和前面的一致,用人称代词代替。
(4)语调：升调表示疑问，期待对方回答； 降调表示确定，不需要回答。
注：陈述部分是祈使句，疑问部分多用will you Pass me the book, will you/won’t you? Don’t do that again, will you? Let us go for a walk, won’t you? Let’s go for a walk, shall we?
③How+主语+谓语！ How time flies!
三. 疑问句：有疑问语气的句子。
1.一般疑问句：疑问句的一种，是指用yes或no来回答的句子，读升调。 结构：Be动词+主语+其他？ 情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ 助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ 简略回答：Yes, 主语+提问词。 No, 主语+提问词+not。
二. 陈述句：用来叙述一个事实，读降调
1.肯定句：主语+be动词+名词/形容词。 主语+情态动词+动词原形+其他。 主语+行为动词+其他。
五大基本句型
五大基本句型句子的分类按结构分：简单句、并列句、复合句按用途分：陈述句（肯定和否定）、疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句一．简单句（核心成分：主语+谓语）（一）五种基本句型：1.S+Vi 主谓2.S+Vt+O 主谓宾3.S+Vt+Oi+Od 主谓+间接宾语（sb.）+直接宾语(sth.)S+Vt+Od+to/for+Oi4.S+Vt+O+C 主谓宾+宾补5.S+V+P 主系表（二）简单句的变化（长句结构）在句子结构不变的前提下，可以适当加入修饰成分提升句子的难度。
E.g. Birds fly.(1)改变时态：Birds will fly.(2)变否定：Birds will not fly.(3)添加形容词做定语、添加副词做方式状语Little birds fly happily.(4)添加时间、地点状语：In autumn, little birds will fly happily in the sky.二．简单陈述句的语序叙述一件事情的陈述句都是简单陈述句一个简单陈述句可以由6部分组成。
主语和谓语是核心，时间状语可以放在句首或句尾练习：将下列单词按正确的语序排列组成句子，并写在表格内。
1.sun, rises, the, red2. passed, time, quickly, very3.tell, did, not, John, manager, the, the, truth4. he, five hundred, the, necklace, spent, on, dollars5. successfully, they, carried out, plan, the6. last ,rise, the, meat, price, of, month7. at, 8:00 a.m. , class, in, schools, begins四. 综合练习（一）指出划线部分的句子成分1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I will answer your question after class.4. The apples tasted sweet.5. I made my parents proud.6. It tastes good.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. He hates me.9. We found him a very good pupil.10. I wish you a happy New Year.（二）写出下列句子的基本句型11. She is a very beautiful lady.12. He closed the door.13. The city will become rich.14. Grandma cooked us a nice meal.15. The train is leaving.16. Time flies.17. He has fetched us some new textbooks.18. I have changed my mind.19. I sent you an e-mail.20. Teachers will make your English better.（三）选择题1. can learn how to surf the Internet safely and effectively in computer lessons.A) You B) Your C) Yours D) Yourself2. He looked at the young man and couldn’t say a word.A) friendly B) angrily C) lonely D) lovely3. Traffic jams in our city lots of questions about transport policy.A) has risen B) have risen C) have raised D) has raised4. We are very happy to learn that Mr. Lee will teach Maths this term.A) we B) our C) us D) ourselves5. The fried chicken in KFC tastes , but having too much is unhealthy.A) good B) well C) bad D) badly四. 词转（先分析句子结构）1. The ____________________________ in the right comer is Martin’s youngest aunt. (act)2. The chance to meet new people with fresh views helps encourage the ____________ of one’s mind. (develop)3. My brother has made a ___________________ to go abroad for further studies, (decide)4. Our goal is to _______________________ people’s lives through communications, (rich)5. My parents are always strict with me and what about_________________________? (you)6. Eating vegetables and doing exercise regularly will _________________ us to have a long life. (able)7. All these interesting experiments can __________________________ our knowledge. (wide)8.___________________ is more important than anything else. No one wants to lose it. (free)9. Their school is near the beach, quite similar with______________________________. (our)10. Shall we _________________the neighbours to our daughter’s birthday party? (invitation)11.We are supposed to complete all the work by tomorrow, but it is____________________. (possible)12. The wind blew over my face ____________________ and I felt so comfortable, (gentle)13.I really can’t _________________ answer that question you just asked. (possible)14.D amin was a _____________________. He usually went fishing with a boat in the lateafternoon. (fish)15.I hadn’t seen Andera for ages. When I appeared before him, he looked very __________.(surprise)16.A fter discussing for a whole day, they reached a _____________ at last. (conclude)17.T hey boy fell into the river, and a passerby heard the cry and went to _________ him.(safe)18.T hose girls enjoyed ______________________ in the party last night. (they)19.T he ______________ of his daughter in the traffic accident made him very sad. (die)20.S hanghai International Marathon and Half Marathon _____________ lots of runners eachyear. (attractive)。
英语的五大基本句型结构
英语的五大基本句型结构英语的五大基本句型结构一、主语+谓语的句型二、主语+谓语+宾语三、主语+谓语+双宾语（直接宾语+间接宾语）四、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语五、主语+系动词+表语。
及物动词本身需要一个宾语外，还需要一个名词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、分词来补充说明宾语，才能表达一个完整的意念。
1. (主语＋谓语)例如：She smiled. (smile是不及物动词vi.，做句子的谓语）在主谓结构中，谓语动词必须是不及物动词（即后面不能接宾语的动词）。
2. (主语＋系动词＋表语)例如：She is a beautiful girl. （is是be动词，即系动词）在主系表结构中，系动词是判定该结构的重要标志。
英语中常见的连系动词有：（1）be动词(am, is, are, was, were) （2）感官系动词：feel(感觉，感到）, smell（闻起来）, sound （听起来）,taste（尝起来）, look （看起来）(3) 变化系动词：become（变成，变得）, grow（长成，长得）, turn（变成）, fall（落下来）, get（变得）, go（变得）, come （来）(4) 状态系动词：seem（看起来，似乎）, keep（保持）, remain （保持）,stay（保持）, appear（显得，似乎）.3. (主语＋谓语＋宾语)例如：I like my job. （like是个及物动词vt.，做句子的谓语，后面可以接宾语）4. (主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语)例如：He gave me some books. (give是个及物动词vt.，做句子的谓语，后面可以接双宾语，me是间接宾语，some books是直接宾语，直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人）5. (主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语)例如：I found the book interesting. （the book 是句子的宾语，interesting是对宾语the book 的补充说明，即补足语，因为是对宾语的补充说明，所以是宾语补足语。
英语五大基本句型
省。
• The teacher made him recite the whole poem. • 让他把整首诗背出来。 • He was made to recite the whole poem. fall • Somebody saw him fall. • 有人看见他跌倒。 He was seen to fall • _______________________.
• 3.They talked for half an hour. • 5.A big earthquake happened in Yushu on May 14, 2010. • 6.I lived in Beijing five years ago. • 7.He returned home late last night.
• 能充当表语的词类： • adj, n, pron, adv, prep, V-ing, V-ed, prep phrases, to do, clauses • He is a boy. You look fine. Keep quiet! • The weather became warmer. • The reason for my failure was that I hadn’t put my heart into my studies. • The car is mine. Class is over. • The kid looks like his father. • My friend becomes excited. • The film is interesting. • What you did proved to be wrong.
• • • • • • •
注意：省to的不定式做宾补： 一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, make, have 四看：see, watch, observe, notice 五帮助：help She saw the thief steal into the shop. We had never heard her sing like that before. • The boss made him work all day long. • 如果这几个词本身是被动语态时，to 不能
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2016-2017学年度第一学期高一英语导学案编号： 02 使用时间：审核人：___________ 审批人: ___________ Class:____________ Group:____________ Name:___________________ 教师评价:_____________
初高中衔接（二）——五种基本句型
编写人:
【Learning aims】
1.Grasp the structures of sentences and be able to make correct simple sentences and learn to summarize how to make sentences and improve your ability to make sentences by self-study and cooperation.
2.To enjoy the pleasure of expressing yourself freely.
【The keys and difficulties】简单句的五种基本句型和如何运用五种句型写出准确的句子。
【自主学习】
1.Am I a right sentence or a wrong sentence?
1) He always help others. ______________________
2) She teaches our English. ______________________
3) The lovely dog that I like very much ______________________
4) Don't unhappy. ______________________
5) I can enter a key high school. ______________________
6) Our teacher is very kind, he always helps us. ______________________
2. 句子成分一般由哪几种成分构成？
______________________________________________________________________________________ 3．根据下列句子总结简单句的五种基本句型:
（1）I live in China. ________________________________
（2）He is a student. ________________________________
（3）I like her. ________________________________
（4）He gave me a book. _________________________________
（5）W e made him our monitor. _________________________________
【合作探究】
依据自学成果，完成下列习题，并且小组合作探究正确答案。
I.翻译并且分析下列句子的成分
（不同成分的符号标识：主语==, 谓语____, 宾语﹏, 表语，定语（），状语【】，宾补< >,）1.You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
2.How many new words did you learn last class?
3. The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
4. They made him monitor of the class.
5. You will find it useful after you leave school.
6. I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.
II. 汉译英并思考归纳该句子属于哪种从句或句式：1. 细心思索对我们的学习是非常重要的。
2. 昨天晚上发生了一起严重的交通事故。
3. 我们班里的每一个人都应该努力学习。
4. 校长看到他说话了。
5. 课桌上有一支钢笔和三本书。
6. 我们每天早上都能听到他讲英语。