猜测词义

1.Read through several passages and guess the meaning of the underlinedwords in your own approaches (方法) .Passage 1: Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat without having to do too much work. … If another animal has made a kill, they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves.By describing lions as “opportunist”, the author means to say that lions ___.A. are cruel animalsB. are clever animalsC. like to take advantage of other animalsD. like to take every chance to eat Passagae 2 A bike tour and race will be held on Aug 26 and 27. At 5:30 am, the riders will leave Tiananmen Square and ride the first 35 km as a training leg. Then the next 55 Km leg from Yanjiao to Jixian, will be the first competition.T he underlined word “leg” probably means _______.A. raceB. practiceC. part of the trainingD. part of the tourPassage 3: If eggs rest against the wooden bottom in extremely cold weather conditions, they can become chilled(冻的) to a point where the embryo(胚胎) can no longer survive. Similarly, these boxes should be protected from direct sunlight to avoid high temperatures that are also fatal to the growing embryo.The word "fatal" in line 25 is closest in meaning to _____________.A. closeB. deadlyC. naturalD. hotPassage 4:Time is something from which we can’t escape. Even if we ignore it, it’s still going by, ticking away, second by second, minute by minute, hour by hour. So the main issue in using your time well is, “Who’s in charge?” We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy. Or we can take control of it and make it our ally. (2008 江苏卷)The underlined word “ally” most likely means somebody or something that is ____.A. your slave and serves youB. your supporter and helps youC. under your control and obeys youD. under your influence and follows youPassage 5: “Can I see my baby?”asked the happy new mother. The bundle (婴儿包) was placed in her arms and when she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped—the baby had been born without ears. Time, however, proved that the baby was perfect except his appearance.Wha t does the word “gasp” mean?A. can’t move because of fearB. lost temperC. take a deep breath because of surpriseD. feel curious2. How to guess the meaning of the word.I(1)He fell into a ditch and lay there, semiconscious for a few minutes.(2)I’m illiterate about such things.(3)Car rentals are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of takingto roads.(4)Insecticide is applied where it is needed.(5)Then the vapor may change into droplets.II(6)Anthropology is the scientific study of man.(7)In slang, the term “jam”constitutes a state of being in which a person findshimself or herself in a difficult situation.(8)It will be competing for the Palmed’ Or, the festival’s top prize.(9)Modern medicine began with the stethoscope, a medical tool used for listening tothe movements of a person’s lungs and his heartbeats.(10)T he largest player—Shanghai Bashi Tourist Car Rental Center offers a widevariety of choices—deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches.The words “deluxe sedans”, “minivans”and “station wagons” used in the text refer to______A.cars in the makingB.car rental firmsC.cars for rentD.car makers(11)J ane is indecisive, that is, she can’t make up her mind easily.(12)C apacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most commoncharacteristics of electronic circuits(电器装置).(13)T he result of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are notconfined to a small geographical area as they were in the past.III(14)T hough Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.(15)A ndrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast, isquite humble and modest.(16)A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilledones.(17)G reen loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious.(18)T om is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisionswithout seeking the opinions of others.(19)T here were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow hisway through the crowd.(20)A lthough he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal moneyfrom a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.(21)D octors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They alsoregard drinking as harmful.(22)H olidaymakers who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel roomshead for a big igloo. Swedish businessman Nil Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel, the world’s first igloo hotel. Built in a small town in Lap-land, it has been attracting lots of visitors, but soon the fun will be over.In two week’s time Bergqvist’s ice creation will be nothing more than a pool of water. “We don’t see it as a big problem,”he says, “We just look fo rward to replacing it.IV(23)H usband: It’s really cold out tonight.Wife: Sure it is. My hands are practically numb. How about lighting the furnace?(24)T he biggest power failure happened yesterday. All of our ice-cream and frozenfoods melted.(25)T he snake slithered through the grass.3.Do the following exercises.(1)We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of thelearning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers. (2008天津卷)The underlined word “it” refers to _____.A. active learningB. knowledgeC. communicationD. passive learning(2)Aviculturists, people who raise birds for commercial sale, have not yet learnedhow to simulate the natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild. They continue to look for better ways to increase egg production and to improve chick survival rates.The word "They" refers to _____ .A. aviculturistsB. birdsC. eggsD. rates(3)Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugarmolecules(分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule.Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein.What does “glycol-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” mean?A. sugarB. iceC. bloodD. molecule(4)Some politicians often use this trick. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s lastterm, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents(对手) says, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!”that’s true. However, and honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.”(2008全国卷二)What do the underline words “net gain” in Paragraph 5 mean? ( )A. final increaseB. big advantageC. large shareD. total saving(5)For years we have been told that encouraging a child’s self-respect is important tohis or her success in life. But child experts are now learning that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect. Praiseholic kids who expect it at every turn may become teens who seek to same kind of approval from friends when asked if they want to go in the backscat of the car(汽车尾箱).(2008福建卷)The underlined words “Praiseholic kids” refers to kids who are ______.A. tired of being praisedB. worthy of being praisedC. very proud of being praisedD. extremely fond of being praised(6)The researchers found that when the dogs were shown their owners—a positiveexperience—their tails wagged energetically to the right side. When they were shown an unfamiliar human they wagged to the right, but with somewhat less enthusiasm. The appearance of a cat again caused a right-hand side wag, although with less intensity again.The underlined word “intensity” in the passage means .A. surpriseB. worryC. excitementD. interest(7) One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information., business, politics, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information.Which of the following can be used in place of “Quite the reverse”?A. Quite rightB. True enoughC. Most unlikelyD. Just the opposite(8) The behavior of the soil in the hand test is determined by the amount of clay in the sample. Clay particles are highly cohesive, and when dampened, behave as a plastic. Therefore the higher the clay content in a sample, the more refined and durable the shapes into which it can be molded.The word "dampened" in line 15 is closest in meaning to __________ .A. damagedB. stretchedC. moistened (使潮湿)D. examined(9) How long she was there in the heaving darkness she would never know. She was choking and spitting as the evil water surged about her, then falling over her face. What does the underlined word “surged” mean?A. rose and disappeared B . kept risingC. moved upwards quicklyD. hitting violently(10) Recycling in the home is very important of course .However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible，but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place. （NMET2010山东）What does the underlined phrase “that over-consumption”refer to?Using too much packaging.B. Recycling too man wastes.C. Making more products than necessary.D. Having more material than is needed.。