初中英语阅读理解题的解题技巧共张PPT

提问形式：
Which of the following statements is true／false？
Which of the following is （not） mentioned？
According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc. ) ...
解题策略：
1）对应性 2）准确性 3）区分性
Which is TRUE according to the passage？
A. The Muses invented music. B. Music can bring people some
feelings. C. Music was from a Greek village.
D. Everyone is interested in pop music.
A. The Muses invented music. 第二段的开始交待了没有人确切的知道音乐是被谁发明 的
B. Music can bring people some feelings. 原文中可以找到对应的句子“But we know that music
2）问中心
The first paragraph is mainly about the _____
The passage is mostly about____
3） 问目的；态度 The author wants to tell ____ The purpose of this article is to ____
3. 在中间
通常是文章的开头提出问 题，陈述细节，导出主题 句，然后再进一步用细节 说明支持主题句。如：
Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In ______ fact, the modern flashlight brings __________________________________________________________________ light to many dark situations. ____________________________________ Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.
技巧 8 根据因果关系猜测词义
You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault. blame 责备
四 推理判断题
推理判断题着重考查学生的逻 思维能力，即要求学生根据文章 的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类 题目难度大，设计面广，如人物 的性格、心理、故事的结局、寓 意、文章的出处、体裁，作者的 倾向、态度等。其题目设计的方 式一般有：
技巧 1 根据定义或解释猜测词义
A calendar is a list of the days ,weeks, months of a particular year. calendar 日历 The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year.
plays an important part in almost everyone's life.”
C. Music was from a Greek village. 这是一个很容易让考生发错误的题目，文章确实交待了 音乐来自于古希腊语，但是，不是村庄，Village。需要 仔细审题。
D. Everyone is interested in pop music. 这种一把抓的题目基本上都可以从文章中找到否定的句 子，they become interested in listening to pop music. 追回到前面的内容，我们可以看出THEY指的是Babies and young children，而不是EVERYONE
herdsman 牧人
技巧 2 根据对比确定词义
Our math professor claims that all the problems he gives us are simple ones，however，we feel that they are intricate and hard to solve．
选项中意思虽然与原文相符，但是只是 涉及一些细枝末节，不符合题干。
选项内容与原文无关, 或者是对文章内 容作了张冠李戴的处理。
选项是对原文内容的简单重复，不是推 理得出的结论。
选项的内容纯属主观臆断得出的结论， 文章根本没有提及。
解题策略：
做这类题目时，大家必须透过文 章的字面意思，领悟隐含在字里 行间的内涵，体会作者的言外之 意、弦外之音。找出作者所陈述 的细节、事实以及能够表露作者 思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，进 行符合逻辑的推理。
技巧 4 根据反义猜词
Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister was quite sedate. sedate 安静的
技巧 5 根据上下文情景确定词义
All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key.
有些文章或段落无明显的主
题句, 只是暗示性地体现主题. 这就要求考生在阅读过程中根
据文中所叙述的事实 或提供的 线索来概括总结主旨大意。
本类试题主要考查学生对阅读材料中
的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的 理解能力。问题包括询问人(who)、物 (what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、 原因(cause)、结果(effect)、文中的数 据(data)等。新闻、说明文、广告信息 等常常考查这些细节。
futile
徒劳的
技巧 6 根据常识、经验猜生词
The old man put on his spectacles and began to read．
spectacles 老花镜
技巧 7 根据构词法猜测词义
He has renamed the restaurant “Paradise”. rename 重新起名，改名
提问方式：
It can be inferred from the text that ______. From the text we know that ______. With which of the following does the author agree？ Which of the following might happened later ? The passage is probably taken from a ___ .
从音乐的起源，形式，作用到全世界 的受人喜爱音乐，进行逐一说明。
2. 在结尾
如：09年武汉中考阅读C篇 文章最后一句“In fact, the true love
is not built on friendship, loyalty or blood relationship. Instead, it is based on no relationship.真正的爱 不以友谊、忠诚抑或是血缘关系为前 提，事实上，真正的爱，是无条件的 博爱。” 就是在前面故事的基础上的 总结与概括，即文章的主旨。
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word_____.
解题策略:
阅读中碰到生词时不要着急，耐心地读 下去，文章会帮助你猜出生词词义。此 外，我们也可以通过构词法知识分析生 词词义，或通过上下文,同义词，反义词， 生活常识等猜测，尤其是本句话以及前 后两句话，给生词假设意思，看是否读 的通。还可以联想，即回想已知词汇中 是否存在拼写方法与该生词类似的词。
Babies and young children love to hear people singing to them. When they are a little older, they like to sing the songs they have heard. When children go to school, their world of music grows. In the middle grades students take music lessons. When they reach high school, they become interested in listening to pop music.
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Who sang the first song？ No one knows exactly the answers to these questions. But we know that music plays an important part in almost everyone's life.