Green house gas introduction
英语作文环境与自然
Natural disasters and human destruction
Floods and droughts
Extreme weather events such as floods and droughts can cause widespad damage to human settlements and infrastructure
• The impact of human activities on the environment
• Environmental protection measures and policies
01
Introduction
Thhis writing is focused on the relationship between the English writing environment and nature, exploring how the natural world influences and inspirations English writing
02
Analysis of current environmental issues
Global climate change
1 2
Rising global cultures
Caused by greenhouse gas emissions, leading to melting ice caps, rising sea levels, and extreme weather events
English Writing Environment and
Nature
目录
• Introduction • Analysis of current environmental issues • The impact of natural environment on human
新视野大学英语第三版第四册第七单元SectionA精品PPT课件
Interpretation of your energy consciousness scores:
• Between 11-16 points You display a good awareness of energy saving, but there’s still room for improvement. • Between 17- 20 points You can rightly call yourself an “Energy Saving Champion”—well done and keep up the good work!
10. Do you walk or encourage your parents to walk rather than drive when going shopping nearby your home?
Always Sometimes Never
Now add up your score:
4 7 UNIT Energy and Food Crises
Section A The coming energy crisis
Objectives
To talk about energy crisis To further understand the text To apply the phrases and patterns To master the essay writing skill
1. How energy-conscious are you?
With constant warnings about climate change and the depletion of natural resources, many people become aware that they need to live a green lifestyle. What about you? Have you adopted an eco-friendly lifestyle, or are you just paying lip service to the idea? Complete the following questionnaire and find out how energy-conscious you are.
国际碳管理系统概述
iCET Introduction 能源与交通创新中心简介
• The Innovation Center for Energy and Transportation (iCET) is a non-profit, nongovernmental organization (NGO) registered in Beijing, China and Pasadena, California. iCET’s core mission is to mitigate climate change through the promotion of clean, low-carbon and energy-efficient policies and technologies in China. 能源与交通创新中心是一家在中国北京和美国加州注册的非赢利，非政府组织，其宗旨是 通过在中国推动清洁，低碳和高能效的政策和技术来减缓气候变化的压力。
Supported by Charity Foundations, United Kingdom and California Government. 主要的支持单nd Carbon Registry 中国能源与碳注册系统
• Funded by Rockefeller Brother Fund and Hewlett Foundation • 由美国洛克菲勒兄弟基金会和惠普基金会的资助 • The goal is to set up a reporting system for Energy and Carbon Registry, this system is complied with ISO GHG emission standard. • 为中国开发和建立一套符合ISO标准的碳排放与能效注册系统— —―中国能源与碳注册系统(CECR)‖ • Establish baseline to inform reduction strategy – You can‘t manage what you don‘t measure! – Prepare for regulation • 建立一个节能和减排的基准：你无法控制你不知道的参数， 同 时为将来对温室气体的监控打下基础。
Climate crisis (气候危机)
• Opinion:
International cooperations play a significant role in solving climate crisis.
Discussion
• What are the harmful impacts of climate crisis?
(Langenberger 2015)
Langenberger, K 2015, Pitiful polar bear, Kerstin Langenberger Photography, 22 August, viewed 23 November 2015, /post/127342930652/powrd-by-plants-by-kerstin-langenberger
References
Fox , T 2009, ‘Clear the air: the fight against climate change requires a strategic plan combining mitigation, adaptation and geo-engineering, says Tim Fox’, Engineer, 7 December, p. 14.
The Los Angeles Times, 2013, Doing the Right Thing, The Los Angeles Times, 11 October, viewed 23 November 2015, </2013/10/11/the-l-a-times-doing-the-right-thing/>
Smith, A 2013, Unburnable: Risky Fossil Fuel Investments & Climate Crisis, Radio Ecoshock, 17 May, viewed 23 November 2015, </stories/2013-05-17/unburnable-risky-fossil-fuel-investmentsclimate-crisis>
Gas & Chemical Hazard
健康危害程度 （藍色）
SPECIFIC HAZARD
F
H R
火災危險程度 （紅色）
REACTIVITY
S
其它危險 (白色）
危險反應活性程度 (黃色）
4
危險標誌 - NFPA (2/3)
等級依程度分0-4級，數字愈大危害性愈高。 等級3-4之物質，通稱為HPM (Hazardous Production Material)。 藍3、4專櫃上鎖，紅、黃3、4則須放置於防 火櫃；並均各依其特性，小心儲放。 健康危害程度H（藍色）
腐蝕性(酸類)須與可燃、可焚燒或鹼類或活性金屬之
物質分開。 腐蝕性(鹼類) 須與酸類分開。 可燃物質須與強氧化性物質或引火源或氧化劑分開。 氧化物質須與可燃或可焚燒之物質分開。 硫化物、氧化物須與酸類分開。
7
相關法規內容
勞工安全衛生法施行細則第九、十條
危險物：係指爆炸性物質、著火性物質﹝易 燃固體、自燃物質、禁水性物質﹞、氧化性 物質、引火性物體、可燃性氣體及其它之物 質，經中央主管機關指定者。 →造成立即危害short-term 危害物：係指有機溶劑、鉛、四烷基鉛、特 定化學物質及其它之物質，經中央主管機關 指定者。 →可能產生慢性病變long-term
15
圖示分類介紹
類號 第一類 第二類 第三類 第四類 第五類 第六類 第七類 第八類 第九類 類別 說明
爆炸性物質 自1.1-1.6共六組 易燃性氣體、非易燃、非毒性氣體、 氣體 毒性氣體 易燃液體 固體 易燃固體、自燃物質、禁水性物質 氧化性物質 毒性物質 放射性物質 腐蝕性物質 其他物質
16
危害物質分類
容許濃度 (PEL, Permissible Exposure Limit)
全国高等学校英语应用能力考试(A级)词汇表
全国高等学校英语应用能力考试(A级)词汇表*AAa/an abandon ability able aboard about above abroad absent absolute absorb abstract abundant accent accept access accident accommodation accompany accomplish according account accumulate accurate accuse accustomed ache achieve achievement acknowledge acquire across act action active activity actor actress actual actually adapt add addition additional address adequate adjective adjust admire admission admit adopt adult advance advanced advantage adventure adverb advertisement advice advisable advise aeroplane affair affect affection afford Africa African after afternoon afterward again against age agency agent aggressive ago agony agreement agriculture ahead aid aim air aircraft airline airplane airport alarm alcohol alike alive all allow allowance almost alone along alphabet already also alter alternative although altogether always a.m. amaze ambassador ambition ambitious amend America American among amount amuse analysis ancestor ancient and anger angry animal anniversary announce annoy annual another answer anticipate anxiety anxious any anybody anyone anything anyway anywhere apart apartment apologize apology apparent appeal appear appearance appendix appetite appetizing applause apple appliance applicant application applyappoint appointment appreciate approach appropriate approval approve April arbitration area argue argument arise arm army around arouse arrange arrest arrival arrive arrow art article artificial artist as ash Asia Asian aside ask asleep aspect assess assign assignment assist assistant associate association assume assure astonish at athlete Atlantic atmosphere attach attack attempt attend attendant attention attitude attract attractive audience August aunt Australia Australian author authority authorize auto automatic automobile autumn available avenue average avoid await awake award aware away awful awkwardBB.C. baby bachelor back background backward bad badly bag baggage balance ball banana bank banquet bar bare bargain 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calendar call calm camera camp campaign campus can Canada Canadian canal cancel cancer candidate cap capable capacity capital captain capture car carbon card care career careful careless cargo carpet carry cart cartoon case cash cashier cassette cast casual cat catalog catch cattle cause caveCD(Compact Disc) cease ceiling celebrate cell cent center/center centigrade centimeter/centimeter central century ceremony certain certainly certificate chain chair chairman challenge champagne champion chance change channel chapter character characteristic charge chart chase chat cheap cheat check cheer cheerful cheese chemical chemist chemistry cheque chess chest chicken chief child childhood China Chinese chocolate choice choose Christian Christmas church cigarette cinema circle circumstance circuit citizen city civilization claim clarify class classic classical classify classmate classroom clause clean clear clerk clever client climate climb clock clockwise close cloth clothe clothes cloud 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hello/hullo help helpful hence her here hero heroic hers herself hesitate Hi hide high highlight highly highway hill him himself hint hire his history hit hi-tech hobby hold hole holiday home homework honest honey honor/honourhonorable/honourable hope hopeful horizon horror horse horsepower hospitable hospital host hostile hot hotel hour house household- 3 -housewife how however huge human humble humor/humourhumorous/humourous hundred hunger hungry hunt hurry hurt husbandII ice ice-cream idea ideal identical identification identify idle if ignore ill illegal illness illustrate illustration image imagine imitate imitation immediate immediately immense immigrant immigrate impatient implication imply import importer importance important impose impossible impress impression improve improvement in inch incident incline include inclusive income increase indeed independence independent index India Indian indicate individual induce industrial industry inevitable infect infection infectious 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July jump June junior just justice justifyKkaraoke keen keep key keyboard kick kid kill kilogrammekilometre/kilometer kind kindness king kingdom kiss kitchen kite knee knife knock know knowledgeLlabel labour/labor laboratory lack ladder lady lag lake lamp land landlord lane language large last late later Latin latter laugh laughter launch laundry law lawyer lay layout lazy lead leader leadership leaf league leak lean leap earn learned learner learning least leave lecture left leg legal leisure lend length less lesson lest let letter level liable liberate liberation liberty library- 4 -licence/license lie life lifetime lift light lightning like likely likewise limit limited line link lion lip liquid list listen literature litre/liter little live lively living load loaf loanlocal locate location lock log logic logical lonely long look loose lord lorry lose loss lot loud love lovely low lower loyal luck lucky luckily luggage lunch lungMmachine mad madman magazine magic magical magnificent 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研究生英语读写教程(提高级)教学课件Unit 13
English Reading and Writing for Graduate Students
Unit 13 Energy and Environment
English Reading and Writing for Graduate Students Advanced Edition Unit 13
English Reading and Writing for Graduate Students Advanced Edition Unit 13
Warming up
Question 4
研究生英语读写教程（提高级）
Is nuclear power the cleanest and most environmentally friendly energy? Are there any alternatives to nuclear energy?
1. Introduction (Para.1-2)
2. Development: risks of nuclear energy (Para. 3-17)
3. Conclusion: impossible to quantify the risks (Para. 18-19)
English Reading and Writing for Graduate Students Advanced Edition Unit 13
English Reading and Writing for Graduate Students Advanced Edition Unit 13
Warming up
Question 5
研究生英语读写教程（提高级）
Considering all the risks nuclear energy pose, do you think it is worth the effort for China to develop nuclear energy?
介绍温室大棚英语小作文
介绍温室大棚英语小作文Title: Introduction to Greenhouse。
A greenhouse, also known as a glasshouse or a hothouse, is a structure primarily made of transparent material, such as glass or plastic, designed to cultivate plants that require controlled climatic conditions. These structures are widely used in agriculture, horticulture, and botanyfor various purposes ranging from growing vegetables and flowers to conducting research experiments.Greenhouses provide an environment that allows for the regulation of temperature, humidity, light exposure, and ventilation, creating optimal conditions for plant growth throughout the year. The controlled environment inside a greenhouse offers several advantages over traditional outdoor cultivation, including protection from adverse weather conditions such as frost, excessive heat, and strong winds. This enables farmers and gardeners to extend the growing season and cultivate crops that may not thrivein their natural climate.One of the key components of a greenhouse is its transparent covering, which allows sunlight to enter the structure and trap heat, creating a warm and conducive environment for plant growth. The most common materials used for greenhouse coverings include glass and various types of plastic, such as polyethylene and polycarbonate. These materials differ in their durability, insulation properties, and light transmission characteristics, allowing growers to choose the most suitable option based on their specific requirements and budget.In addition to the transparent covering, greenhouses are equipped with various heating and cooling systems to maintain optimal temperatures year-round. Heating systems such as gas furnaces, electric heaters, or geothermal heat pumps are used to supplement sunlight during colder months, while ventilation systems such as fans and louvers help regulate temperature and humidity levels by allowing fresh air to circulate within the greenhouse.Furthermore, greenhouses may be equipped withirrigation systems to ensure that plants receive adequate water, as well as supplemental lighting systems to extend daylight hours or provide specific light spectra for plant growth. These technological advancements enhance the efficiency and productivity of greenhouse cultivation, allowing growers to achieve higher yields and better quality crops.In addition to their practical applications in agriculture, greenhouses also play a vital role in scientific research and education. Botanical gardens, universities, and research institutions use greenhouses to study plant physiology, genetics, and ecology, as well as to preserve rare and endangered species. Educational programs conducted in greenhouses provide students with hands-on experience in plant cultivation and environmental science, fostering an appreciation for nature and sustainable agriculture.In conclusion, greenhouses are versatile structures that offer a controlled environment for plant cultivation,research, and education. By providing protection from adverse weather conditions and enabling year-round production, greenhouses contribute to food security, environmental conservation, and scientific advancement. Whether used by commercial growers, hobbyists, or researchers, greenhouses play a crucial role in meeting the growing demand for fresh produce and advancing our understanding of plant biology.。
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1 CO2 2 CH4 3 N2O 4 HFCs 5 PFCs 6 SF6
Written by Kyoto Protocol
*GWP : Global Worming Potential
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Configuration of measurement system
☆ Long-term stability with unique cross flow modulation method ☆ Easy maintenance by selective combustion method
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
GA-360E (N2O analyzer)
Specifications
N2O range : 0-1/2/5/10ppm Principle : NDIR L.D.L : 10ppb Repeatability : ±2.0% F.S. Drift : ±2.0% F.S./day ±4.0% F.S. /14 days
Thank you
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Cross Flow Modulation Method
Sample gas
CH4 + nmHC CH4 nmHC Zero FID Detector
CH4 + nmHC
Removal of nmHC
HC without CH4 in the sample gas is removed by nmC(non-CH4 cutter). Sample gases are switched to the THC, CH4 and zero gas lines by a solenoid valve at a constant frequency of 1 Hz. It always compares reference gas and signals to achieve a stable concentration signal without zero drift.
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
What is the green house gas ?
Components
Amount of emission @Japan (Mt)
1275 23.8 25.4 6.7 6.3 4.1
*GWP 1 21 310 140-11,700 6500-9200 23900
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
To avoid interference of CO
N2O+CO
CO scrubber
N2O
N2O+CO
CO scrubber N2O catalyzer
ZERO
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
APHA-370 Principle (2)
Flame ionization detection method
HC introduced into a hydrogen flame is ionized by the high energy of very hot hydrogen produced at the end of a jet nozzle. Two opposing electrodes are located within the flame and between them a direct current is generated, proportional to the number of carbon atoms in the HC sample. This current is converted to a voltage drop across a high resistance to provide a measure of HC contained in the samtd. All rights reserved.
Outline of systems
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
VIA-510 (CO2 analyzer)
Specifications
CO2 range Principle Repeatability Drift : 0-400/500/800/1000 ppm : NDIR : ±0.5% F.S. : ±1.0% F.S.
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
APHA-370 (THC / CH4 analyzer)
Specifications
Ambient HC measurement (CH4, NMHC, THC)
Range Principle L.D.L Repeatability Drift Optional 0-5/10/20/50 ppmC 4 ranges selective combustion, cross modulation, flame ionization detection method 0.022 ppm (3 sigma) ±1.0% F.S. ±0.1ppmC/day or ±2.0% F.S./day RS-232C,TCP/IP,CF
APHA-370 Principle (1)
Selective combustion method The combustion temperature of HC varies and depends on the number of “C” carbon. The combustion temperature of C3H8 is lower than CH4. By utilizing this characteristic, controlling the temperature of special catalytic converters and eliminating all HC except CH4, APHA-370 can measure CH4 in sample gas.
CO2 : VIA-510 (NDIR) CH4 : APHA-370 (FID) N2O : GA-360E (NDIR)
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Flow schematics for analyzer system
No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Parts name Pressure regulator Cal. Cylinder Flow Meter Pump Pressure regulator CO purifier N2O catalyzer Pressure gage N2O analyzer Thermo-electric dehumidifier Tubing pump Drain pot Selector valve Filter Humidifier Sampling unit CH4 analyzer CO2 analyzer PVC VS-3001 APHA-370 VIA-510 0-50kPa GA-360E GCS-22A SR25 PVC PVC Hard grass GD6EH UA type Notes
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Green House Gas Measurement
International Sales Dept. Norio Kobayashi Date: March.1st 2010
Sales record
Japan
Osaka × 1set of system
China
Yunnan province × 1set of system Qinghai province × 3sets of system
© 2010 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.