2015届高三十三校联考试卷讲评
湖南省2015届高三(十三校联考)第一次考试

Hale Waihona Puke 一、选择题1 B 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 C 10 11 D 12 13 A
D C A D A C D
D D
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 C C A D B D
A A
D
D
A C
26、看试卷
会群体:市民阶层的壮大。
• (2)、看试卷
• 条件:受教育权利;经济独立。 • 原因:鸦片战争以来,随着西方工业文
明的冲击,中国封建小农经济(自然经 济)开始解体,妇女传统地位受到冲击; 近代企业出现,妇女走出家门就业;越 来越多的女性获得经济独立和受教育权 利,形成了妇女解放潮流。
• 27、(1)、看试卷
• 背景:
• 国际:二战后形成美苏两大阵营冷战对峙
格局;美国为首的西方资本主义国家敌视 新中国;苏联支持新中国。
• 国内:新中国建立初期,面临恢复经济、
巩固政权、打破西方国家外交孤立的任务。 (4分)
• (2)、看试卷
• 评价:
第一种:赞成材料观点,即:“一边倒”外交政
• (1)、看试卷
• (1)、说明:A、阿拉伯人在自然科学
领域取得了领先全球的成就,影响了欧洲近代 自然科学的发展;B、将被中世纪湮没的古代 希腊、罗马的文化成果保存并重新传回欧洲, 为文艺复兴提供了条件;C、将中国的四大发 明传播到欧洲,促使了西欧封建社会的崩溃和 资本主义社会的兴起。
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角色:继承者(或发展创新者、保存
严重);传教士对中国国情和中国文化了解日益 • 加深(或传教士自身素质的提高)。
•
• (3)、看试卷
上海市十三校2015届高三第一次联考英语试题含答案

2014年高三调研考英语试卷2014.12考试时间:120分钟满分:150分第I 卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. $30. B. $13. C. $35. D. $60.2. A. In the florist’s. B. In the post office. C. In a bakery. D. At a fruit stand.3. A. Sorry. B. Annoyed. C. Disappointed. D. Surprised.4. A. Secretary and boss. B. Student and teacher.C. Patient and nurse.D. Customer and waitress.5. A. A bus driver. B. An airline ticket agent.C. A post office clerk.D. A department store salesperson.6. A. To go to a physical club. B. To work in the office.C. To sleep in bed.D. To go shopping.7. A. Jim looks nice in his new shirt. B. Jim looks nicer in his old shirt.C. Jim does not look nice in his old shirt.D. Jim isn’t well-dressed.8. A. He can teach her that program. B. He is going to ask Dick for help.C. He's busier than Dick.D. He taught himself that program.9. A. The man can speak German. B. The man knows nothing about German.C. The man can read in German.D. The man knows both English and German.10. A. She doesn’t like the get-together. B. The man has told her about the get-together.C. She is ignorant of the get-together.D. A get-together will be held next weekend.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They could be used everywhere. B. Customers had to pay for things in full.C. They were very popular before the 1920s.D. Everyone could get this kind of credit card.12. A. Because this card could be used at many shops.B. Because they could pay for things a little at a time.C. Because they could spend more money with credit card.D. Because they didn't need to carry a lot of cash with them.13. A. Part of the development of credit cards. B. How to use credit cards.C. How credit cards help businessmen.D. The number of credit card users.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Exactly during the explosion. B. When the plane was full of smoke.C. When the engines were turned off.D. Before the engines sounded scary.15. A. Never to put off anything in life. B. To reach out to people around.C. To see his daughter grow up.D. To be a good father.16. A. An emergency crash-landing guide. B. A speech on one’s air travel experience.C. An introduction of an adventure novel.D. A safety training for air passengers.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: A fter reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Sports is both my work and lifeAmong various events organized by our company, the marathon impresses me most. The most unforgettable scene happened in my first year of work, (25) ______ I witnessed a silver-haired man in his 80s walk slowly toward the finishing line accompanied by two nurses. It was at that moment (26) ______ I was deeply moved. I realized (27) ______ marathon spirit stands for --- perseverance, willpower, self-proving and self-breakthrough.I took part in the Nike Women's Half Marathon in Washington DC this year. It was my first half marathon. (28) ______ ______ I passed over the bridge, runners from the opposite direction gave me high fives with an unspoken understanding, allowing me to forget fatigue and regain energy instantly.There were many times when I wanted to quit. But runners around me, as well as the spectators along the road, always encouraged me. In the last 500 meters, (29) ______ (feel) sick in the stomach because of the cold wind, I slowed my pace and intended to walk. A woman shouted at me: "Hey, you are almost there. Come on girl! You're doing a great job." What amazing power (30) ______ words had! I started to run again. And finally I made it.Running is flesh-and-blood and not just mechanical movements. Thus, I can’t help but (31) ______ (become) more considerate about runners when organizing races. I wish to create a far (32) ______ (favorable) running environment, offer better services and help them achieve the results they expect, happily, conveniently and comfortably.(B)Photo hacking: sex crimeOscar winner Jennifer Lawrence, one of dozens of actresses, models and celebrities whose images have been posted online, spoke about the photo hacking scandal for the first time on Tuesday, saying it is a crime and sexual violation.In an interview with Vanity Fair magazine, Lawrence, 24, said she was frightened after the photos was released last month and worried about the impact it would have(33) ______ her career."Just because I'm an actress and public figure, does not mean that I asked for this." Lawrence, (34)______ won a best actress Academy Award, told the magazine. The star said she considered(35)______ (write) an apology but had been in a loving, four-year relationship and realized she had nothing to say sorry for."It's not a scandal," she said. "It's a sexual violation. The law needs to be changed, (36) ______ it?"Lawrence had been dating British actor Nicholas Hoult but the couple are reported (37) ______ (split up) last summer.Photos of Lawrence, model Kate Upton, actress Kirsten Dunst and other women had apparently been hacked from individual iCloud accounts and were uploaded to the image-sharing forum 4chan.The FBI said it was aware of the release of the photos and (38) ______ (address) the matter. Apple Inc admitted that certain celebrity accounts (39) ______ (offend), but the company said none of the cases (40)______ (investigate) were due to any breach (违反) in Apple's systems including iCloud or Find My iPhone.The iCloud system lets users store photos and other content and to access it from any Apple device.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons. It is a very common, though normally temporary, 51 of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important long-term relationship. In these cases, loneliness may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the withdrawal from social circles.The loss of a significant person in one's life will typically initiate a(n) 52 response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the company of others.Loneliness may also result from any socially disruptive(破裂的) event, such as moving from one's home town into 53 communities leading to homesickness. Loneliness can also occur in places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to 54 .There are many different ways used to 55 loneliness. The first step that most doctors recommend to patients is therapy. Short term therapy typically occurs over a period of ten to twenty weeks. During therapy, emphasis is put on understanding the cause of the problem, 56 the negative thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected. Some doctors also recommend 57 therapy as a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system. It may take several attempts before a suitable anti-depressant medication is found. Some patients may also develop a resistance to a certain type of medication and need to 58 periodically.Another treatment is animal-assisted therapy. Studies and surveys indicate that the presence of animal companions such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can 59 feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers. Beyond the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for 60 with other pet owners. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention there are a number of other health benefits associated with pet ownership, such as lowered blood pressure. In addition, some other alternative approaches may include exercise, dieting, etc, which many patients find have a 61 effect on relieving symptoms. Results of a study also suggest that correcting maladaptive social cognition (认知) offers the best chance of 62 loneliness.Nevertheless, loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the 63 process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to notable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the case with poet Emily Dickinson, and numerous musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity, 64 , it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals 65 creative activities.51. A. type B. concern C. consequence D. evidence52. A. grief B. emotion C. offence D. horror53. A. informal B. uncertain C. relevant D. unfamiliar54. A. turn to B. interact with C. long for D. share with55. A. release B. observe C. monitor D. treat56. A. reversing B. directing C. measuring D. pursuing57. A. long-term B. sightseeing C. patient D. group58. A. quit B. evolve C. switch D. exercise59. A. confirm B. protest C. enhance D. ease60. A. socializing B. interfering C. comparing D. coping61. A. historic B. restorative C. decisive D. permanent62. A. promoting B. enhancing C. reducing D. striving63. A. creative B. musical C. artistic D. poetic64. A. however B. therefore C. rather D. otherwise65. A. restricted to B. engaged in C. concerned about D. altered bySection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Chimpanzees, long considered reluctant to share, apparently can display selfless tendencies, revealing one more key way our closest living relatives are like humans, scientists find. These findings could shed light on the evolution of altruism in humans.Previously, a belief was widely held that human altruism evolved only after humans split from their ape cousins about 6 million years ago. In recent years, however, research has revealed just how much chimpanzees have in common with us. They can hunt with spears, play with dolls and mourn their partn ers’ death."Most of the earlier studies had presented the apes with a complex implement that helped them deliver food to themselves or others, often so complicated that the experiments tested tool skills rather than social tendencies," De Waal told Live Science. "Ours is the first study that uses no such implement at all."In addition to using complex food-delivery systems, past experiments often placed the chimpanzees so far apart that they might not have realized how their actions benefited others. In these new, simplified experiments, two apes were housed next to each other with a screen through which they could see each other. Then, one chimpanzee had to choose between two differently colored tokens (币) from a bin, one of which represented a pro-social (亲社会的) option, the other a selfish option. The pro-social option would cause both chimpanzees to receive a piece of banana wrapped in paper. The selfish option only rewarded the ape who made the choice.In a study with seven adult female chimps placed into various pairs, the scientists found all the apes showed a definite preference for the pro-social option. "For me, the most important finding is that like us, chimpanzees take into account the needs and wishes of others," researcher Victoria Horner, said.The chimpanzees behaved especially altruistically toward partners who either patiently waited or gently reminded them that they were there by drawing attention to themselves. They were less likely to reward partners who pressured through making a fuss, begging persistently or spitting water at them. This is opposite to a long-standing view that the chimpanzees only share food under pressure.66. The word " altruism " (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to ______.A. selflessnessB. selfishnessC. willingnessD. reluctance67. Recent researches are performed with less complicated implements mainly to ______.A. test chimps’ social tendencies instead of tool skillsB. see whether chimps are willing to share food with othersC. find out if chimps are likely to reward partnersD. show that chimps are only good at using implements68. What can be learned from the passage?A. Chimps are usually unwilling to share.B. Chimps take others’ needs and wishes into consideration.C. It is more likely that chimps will reward partners who give them pressure.D. Human altruism evolved only after humans separated from their ape relatives.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Evolution History of Altruism in HumansB. Similarities between Chimps and MankindC. Chimps Do Show Selfless BehaviorD. Chimps Only Share Food under Pressure70. We can learn from the passage that______.A. Grade one students in a high school can apply for the programB. i t’s possible for graduates to obtain both a bachelor’s degree and a doctor’s degreeC. graduates are promised to have a chance to work with top biomedical scientistsD. a thesis is not necessary if an undergraduate wants to go to graduate school71. Which of the following is an unnecessary requirement for application?A. A combined SAT I score of 1400.B. A combined SAT II score of 600 in Math and one science.C. Three letters of recommendation from his teachers.D. A letter of recommendation from the principal.72. What's the purpose of this passage?A. To tell the students how to learn well in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology.B. To introduce a very famous university “University of Miami”.C. To attract excellent high school graduates to apply for the Honors Program.D. To give information on how to contact Director of the Honors Program.73. If an applicant wants more information, he can contact Director of the Honors Program except ______.A. by phoneB. in personC. by e-mailD. by fax(C)Exercise may help to safeguard the mind against depression through previously unknown effects on working muscles, according to a new study involving mice.Mental health experts have long been aware that even mild, repeated stress can contribute to the development of depression and other mood disorders in animals and people. Scientists have also known that exercise seems to cushion against depression. But precisely how exercise, a physical activity can lessen someone’s risk for dep ression, a mood state, has been mysterious. So for the new study, researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm studied the brains and behavior of mice in a complicated and novel fashion.We can’t ask mice if they are feeling cheerful or in low spirits. Instead, researchers have pictured certain behaviors that indicate depression in mice. If animals lose weight, stop seeking out a sugar solution when it’s available — because, probably, they no longer experience normal pleasures — or give up trying to escape from the cold-water zone just freeze in place, they are categorized as depressed. And in the new experiment, after five weeks of frequent but low-level stress, such as being lightly shocked, mice displayed exactly those behaviors. They became depressed.The scientists could then have tested whether exercise blunts (延缓) the risk of developing depression after stress by having mice run first. But, frankly, from earlier research, they wanted to know how, so they bred pre-exercised mice. A wealth of earlier research by these scientists and others had shown that aerobic exercise, in both mice and people, increases the production within muscles of an enzyme (酶) called PGC-1alpha. The Karolinska scientists suspected that this enzyme somehow creates conditions within the body that protect the brain against depression. Then, the scientists exposed the animals, which without exercising, were in high levels of PGC-1alpha to five weeks of mild stress. The mice responded with slight symptoms of worry. But they did not develop depression. They continued to seek out sugar and fought to get out of the cold-water zone. Their high levels of PGC-1alpha appeared to make them depression-resistant. Finally, to ensure that these findings are relevant to people, the researchers had a group of adult volunteers complete three weeks of frequent endurance training, consisting of 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging. The scientists conducted muscle biopsies (活体检查) before and after the program and found that by the end o f the three weeks, the volunteers’ muscle cells contained substantially more PGC-1alpha than at the study’s start.The finding of these results, in the simplest terms, is that “you reduce the risk of getting depression when you exercise,” said Maria Lindsk og, a researcher at the Karolinska Institute.74. The researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm conducted the new study hoping toknow______.A. if exercise cushions against depressionB. what can lead to depression in animals and peopleC. if stress can contribute to the development of depressionD. how exercise contributes to reducing someone’s risk for depression75. We can infer from the new experiment conducted by researchers at the Karolinska Institute that mice aredepressed except when ______.A. they stand still in placeB. they stop searching for the sugar waterC. they attempt to escape from the cold-water zoneD. they can’t experience normal pleasures any longer76. Researchers asked a group of adult volunteers to complete three weeks of frequent endurance training inorder to ______.A. know if exercise can help to safeguard the mind against depressionB. know if they can endure 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or joggingC. confirm the findings above are also relevant to peopleD. ensure they can lose weight after moderate cycling or jogging77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. the enzyme called PGC-1alpha helps to ease depressionB. athletes are more likely to develop depression than ordinary peopleC. the mice with high levels of PGC-1alpha are easier to develop depressionD. in the past mental health specialists didn’t know exercise could help reduce depressionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.By 2050, half of the world’s population will reside(居住)in the tropics—the relatively warm belt that circles the globe—according to State of the Tropics, a report released today. Rapid population growth, along with eco nomic growth, means that the region’s influence will grow in coming decades, the authors of the 500-page work predict.The project, initially launched in 2011, aimed to answer one significant question: Is life in the tropics improving? To find out, the researchers analyzed environmental, social, and economic indicators collected over 6 decades. It finds that the region has made “extraordinary progress” in many areas. For example, there’s been a 14% increase in the proportion of the population with access t o safe drinking water, and the number of protected areas is increasing. The tropics also have outperformed (胜过) the rest of the world in economic growth over the past 30 years; it now represents approximately 18.7% of global economic activity, up from 14.5% in 1980.Nevertheless, some challenges remain. Investment in research and development, for example, has increased modestly, but tropical nations still invest less than the rest of the world. “As a proportion of GDP the Rest of the World invests almost fo ur times as much in research and development than the Tropics,” concludes the report.The report also includes a new analysis of how climate change will affect the region. Many plant and animal species are moving poleward in an attempt to stay within their preferred environmental conditions in the tropics, the authors write. However, some organisms may not be able to keep pace with the changing conditions, they predict. As a result, they can experience population declines or go extinct.In addition, an expanded tropical zone also threatens health and safety issues, the authors warn. As regions become more suitable to insects such as mosquitoes and ticks, the prevalence of insect-bornediseases such as malaria, dengue, and Lyme disease could rise, causing a burden to human health and the economy.Bruna, a researcher, says he sees a lot to be concerned about in the report. “While we’ve made incredible advances in some areas, I think the risks for the tropics that are highlighted in this report are things that we really need to be concerned about.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. The growth of both __________ displays that the influence of the tropics will increase in the future.79. What was the original purpose of the project State of the Tropics?80. According to the report, some organisms can experience population drop and extinction because of their __________.81. An expanded tropical zone will threaten health and safety issues; apart from that, what are the other existing challenges mentioned in the passage?第II卷 (共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 你今晚能去参加李教授的讲座吗? (likely)2. 各国科学家正加强合作,寻求节能的有效方法。
2015十三校联考 湖南省十三校2015届高三第一次联考 政治试卷及答案

家庭农场是指以家庭成员为主要劳动力 " 从事农业规模化! 集约化 ! 商品 ) * 并以农业收入为家庭主要收入来源的新型农业经营主体# 化生产经营" 发展家庭农场是我国现代农业发展的一个方向#从经济生活角度看" 这 以城带乡! 提高资源利用率的需要 有利于壮大集体经 是以工促农 ! 实现农业发展方式转变 既有利于发挥家庭经营优势" 又有利于实 济" 现规模效益 促进了混合所有制经济在农村的进一步发展 +* * .* /* 稳中求进) 工作总基调" 通过宏观经济政策实现 ( 稳 $ * ! " # )年中央继续坚持( 增长) ( 调结构 ) 与( 促改革 ) 三大目标# 下列调控目标! 调控政策! 具体措 施三者对应最恰当的是 * * 积极的财政政策* * * 扩大营业税改增值税试点 稳增 稳中求进 * 长* * *积极的财政政策* * * 保持货币信贷的合理增长 调结构* * *稳 * * 扩大企业创新的税收优惠 促改革 * * * 稳健的货币 健的货币政策* 政策 * * * 逐步推进人民币汇率市场化 +* * .* /* 根据国家统计局发布的统计数据显示" 全国农村居民人均 0 * ! " # '年上半年 " 扣除价格等因素" 实际增长 & 现金收入)( # 1元 " * ! , # 农民增收呈现出 ( 多轮驱动) 的良好格局" 这得益于 * * 工资性收入增长 主 农村外出劳动力规模扩大和工资水平提高* 要农产品产量增加! 价格提高* * * 财产性收入增长 农村土地流转和 城镇化步伐加快* * * 家庭经营性收入增长 强农惠农富农政策更加有 力* * * 政策转移性收入增长 +* * .* /* 农业部在北京举办培训班" 启动实施新型职业农民培训 1 * ! " # )年1月)日 " 计划培 工作 #据介绍 " ! " # )年中央财政安排农民培训补助资金 # # 亿元" 训一批新型职业农民#这说明了财政 是促进社会公平的物质保证 +* 是影响经济发展的基础性因素 * 具有促进国民经济平稳运行的作用 .* 具有促进资源合理配置的作用 /* 在中国" 有关政府和市场的关系向来有两种截然不同的观点# 一种观点 ( * 认为" 中国模式之所以成功" 是因为政府管市场" 比完全自由市场更有效 率+ 另一种观点认为" 中国的成功恰恰是从僵化的计划体制向更具活力! 创新 ! 灵活的市场机制转换的结果#对此理解正确的是 前者肯定了社会主义市场经济集中力量办大事的优势 后者忽视了 政府( 有形之手) 可以避免市场调节的弊端 要由 ( 看不见的手 ) 引导! 调节资源在全社会的配置 进行改革必须更加尊重市场规律" 更好发 挥政府作用 +* * .* /* 年 " 从 , 消费者权益保护法 的修订到 , 食品安全法 的修订 " ( 开门立 & * ! " # ) 法) 向社会征求意见" 已成为受到公众广泛认可的 ( 规定动作 ) " 数千万条 征集意见的汇总" 为法律的出台提供了建议#这说明
上海市十三校2015届高三数学第二次联考试题 理(含解析)

2015年上海市十三校联考高考数学二模试卷(理科)一、填空题(本大题满分56分)本大题共有14题,每个空格填对4分,否则一律得零分.1.(4分)(2015•上海模拟)幂函数y=x(m∈N)在区间(0,+∞)上是减函数,则m=0.【考点】:幂函数的单调性、奇偶性及其应用;幂函数的概念、解析式、定义域、值域.【专题】:计算题;函数的性质及应用;不等式的解法及应用.【分析】:根据幂函数的性质,可得m2+2m﹣3<0,解不等式求得自然数解,即可得到m=0.【解析】:解:由幂函数y=xm2+2m﹣3在(0,+∞)为减函数,则m2+2m﹣3<0,解得﹣3<m<1.由于m∈N,则m=0.故答案为:0.【点评】:本题考查幂函数的性质,主要考查二次不等式的解法,属于基础题.2.(4分)(2015•上海模拟)函数的定义域是(0,1].【考点】:函数的定义域及其求法;对数函数的定义域.【专题】:计算题.【分析】:令被开方数大于等于0,然后利用对数函数的单调性及真数大于0求出x的范围,写出集合区间形式即为函数的定义域.【解析】:解:∴0<x≤1∴函数的定义域为(0,1]故答案为:(0,1]【点评】:求解析式已知的函数的定义域应该考虑:开偶次方根的被开方数大于等于0;对数函数的真数大于0底数大于0小于1;分母非0.3.(4分)(2006•上海)在△ABC中,已知BC=8,AC=5,三角形面积为12,则cos2C=.【考点】:余弦定理的应用.【专题】:计算题.【分析】:先通过BC=8,AC=5,三角形面积为12求出sinC的值,再通过余弦函数的二倍角公式求出答案.【解析】:解:∵已知BC=8,AC=5,三角形面积为12,∴•BC•ACsinC=12∴sinC=∴cos2C=1﹣2sin2C=1﹣2×=故答案为:【点评】:本题主要考查通过正弦求三角形面积及倍角公式的应用.属基础题.4.(4分)(2015•上海模拟)设i为虚数单位,若关于x的方程x2﹣(2+i)x+1+mi=0(m∈R)有一实根为n,则m=1.【考点】:复数相等的充要条件.【专题】:数系的扩充和复数.【分析】:把n代入方程,利用复数相等的条件,求出m,n,即可.【解析】:解:关于x的方程x2﹣(2+i)x+1+mi=0(m∈R)有一实根为n,可得n2﹣(2+i)n+1+mi=0所以,所以m=n=1,故答案为:1.【点评】:本题考查复数相等的条件,考查计算能力,是基础题.5.(4分)(2015•上海模拟)若椭圆的方程为+=1,且此椭圆的焦距为4,则实数a=4或8.【考点】:椭圆的简单性质.【专题】:圆锥曲线的定义、性质与方程.【分析】:首先分两种情况:①焦点在x轴上.②焦点在y轴上,分别求出a的值即可.【解析】:解:①焦点在x轴上时:10﹣a﹣(a﹣2)=4解得:a=4.②焦点在y轴上时a﹣2﹣(10﹣a)=4解得:a=8故答案为:4或8.【点评】:本题考查的知识要点:椭圆方程的两种情况:焦点在x轴或y轴上,考察a、b、c 的关系式,及相关的运算问题.6.(4分)(2015•上海模拟)若一个圆锥的侧面展开如圆心角为120°、半径为3 的扇形,则这个圆锥的表面积是4π.【考点】:棱柱、棱锥、棱台的侧面积和表面积.【专题】:空间位置关系与距离.【分析】:易得圆锥侧面展开图的弧长,除以2π即为圆锥的底面半径,圆锥表面积=底面积+侧面积=π×底面半径2+π×底面半径×母线长,把相关数值代入即可求解.【解析】:解:圆锥的侧面展开图的弧长为:=2π,∴圆锥的底面半径为2π÷2π=1,∴此圆锥的表面积=π×(1)2+π×1×3=4π.故答案为:4π.【点评】:本题考查扇形的弧长公式为;圆锥的侧面展开图的弧长等于圆锥的底面周长,圆锥的表面积的求法.7.(4分)(2015•上海模拟)若关于x的方程lg(x2+ax)=1在x∈[1,5]上有解,则实数a的取值范围为﹣3≤a≤9.【考点】:函数的零点.【专题】:计算题;函数的性质及应用.【分析】:由题意,x2+ax﹣10=0在x∈[1,5]上有解,可得a=﹣x在x∈[1,5]上有解,利用a=﹣x在x∈[1,5]上单调递减,即可求出实数a的取值范围.【解析】:解:由题意,x2+ax﹣10=0在x∈[1,5]上有解,所以a=﹣x在x∈[1,5]上有解,因为a=﹣x在x∈[1,5]上单调递减,所以﹣3≤a≤9,故答案为:﹣3≤a≤9.【点评】:本题主要考查方程的根与函数之间的关系,考查由单调性求函数的值域,比较基础.8.(4分)(2015•上海模拟)《孙子算经》卷下第二十六题:今有物,不知其数,三三数之剩二,五五数之剩三,七七数之剩二,问物几何?23,或105k+23(k为正整数)..(只需写出一个答案即可)【考点】:进行简单的合情推理.【专题】:推理和证明.【分析】:根据“三三数之剩二,五五数之剩三,七七数之剩二”找到三个数:第一个数能同时被3和5整除;第二个数能同时被3和7整除;第三个数能同时被5和7整除,将这三个数分别乘以被7、5、3除的余数再相加即可求出答案.【解析】:解:我们首先需要先求出三个数:第一个数能同时被3和5整除,但除以7余1,即15;第二个数能同时被3和7整除,但除以5余1,即21;第三个数能同时被5和7整除,但除以3余1,即70;然后将这三个数分别乘以被7、5、3除的余数再相加,即:15×2+21×3+70×2=233.最后,再减去3、5、7最小公倍数的整数倍,可得:233﹣105×2=23.或105k+23(k为正整数).故答案为:23,或105k+23(k为正整数).【点评】:本题考查的是带余数的除法,简单的合情推理的应用,根据题意下求出15、21、70这三个数是解答此题的关键.[可以原文理解为:三个三个的数余二,七个七个的数也余二,那么,总数可能是三乘七加二,等于二十三.二十三用五去除余数又恰好是三]9.(4分)(2015•上海二模)在极坐标系中,某直线的极坐标方程为ρsin(θ+)=,则极点O 到这条直线的距离为.【考点】:简单曲线的极坐标方程.【专题】:坐标系和参数方程.【分析】:由直线的极坐标方程为ρsin(θ+)=,展开并利用即可得出直角坐标方程,再利用点到直线的距离公式即可得出.【解析】:解:由直线的极坐标方程为ρsin(θ+)=,展开为,化为x+y﹣1=0,∴极点O到这条直线的距离d==.故答案为:.【点评】:本题考查了直线的极坐标方程化为直角坐标方程、点到直线的距离公式、两角和差的正弦公式,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于基础题.10.(4分)(2015•上海二模)设口袋中有黑球、白球共7 个,从中任取两个球,令取到白球的个数为ξ,且ξ的数学期望Eξ=,则口袋中白球的个数为3.【考点】:离散型随机变量的期望与方差.【专题】:概率与统计.【分析】:设口袋中有白球x个,由已知得ξ的可能取值为0,1,2,由Eξ=,得×,由此能求出口袋中白球的个数.【解析】:解:设口袋中有白球x个,由已知得ξ的可能取值为0,1,2,P(ξ=0)=,P(ξ=1)=,P(ξ=2)=,∵Eξ=,∴×,解得x=3.∴口袋中白球的个数为3.故答案为:3.【点评】:本题考查离散型随机变量的分布列和数学期望的求法,是中档题,解题时要注意排列组合知识的合理运用.11.(4分)(2015•上海模拟)如图所示,一个确定的凸五边形ABCDE,令x=•,y=•,z=•,则x、y、z 的大小顺序为x>y>z.【考点】:平面向量数量积的运算;向量在几何中的应用.【专题】:平面向量及应用.【分析】:根据向量的数量积公式分别判断x,y,z的符号,得到大小关系.【解析】:解:由题意,x=•=AB×ACcos∠BAC>0,y=•=AB×ADcos∠BAD≈AB×ACcos∠BAD,又∠BAD>∠BAC所以cos∠BAD<cos∠BAC,所以x>y>0z=•=AB×AEcos∠BAE<0,所以x>y>z.故答案为:x>y>z.【点评】:本题考查了向量的数量积的公式;属于基础题.12.(4分)(2015•上海模拟)设函数f(x)的定义域为D,D⊆[0,4π],它的对应法则为f:x→sin x,现已知f(x)的值域为{0,﹣,1},则这样的函数共有1395个.【考点】:映射.【专题】:函数的性质及应用;集合.【分析】:分别求出sinx=0,x=0,π,2π,3π,4π,sinx=,x=,x=,x=,x=,sinx=1,x=,x=利用排列组合知识求解得出这样的函数共有:(C+C)()()即可.【解析】:解:∵函数f(x)的定义域为D,D⊆[0,4π],∴它的对应法则为f:x→sin x,f(x)的值域为{0,﹣,1},sinx=0,x=0,π,2π,3π,4π,sinx=,x=,x=,x=,x=,sinx=1,x=,x=这样的函数共有:(C+C)()()=31×15×3=1395故答案为:1395【点评】:本题考查了映射,函数的概念,排列组合的知识,难度不大,但是综合性较强.13.(4分)(2015•上海二模)若多项式(1﹣2x+3x2﹣4x3+…﹣2000x1999+2001x2000)(1+2x+3x2+4x3+…+2000x1999+2001x2000)=a0x4000+a1x3999+a2x3998+…+a3999x+a4000,则a1+a3+…+a2015=0.【考点】:二项式定理的应用.【专题】:二项式定理.【分析】:根据等式,确定a1=﹣2000×2001+2001×2000=0,a3=0,a5=0,…,即可得出结论.【解析】:解:根据(1﹣2x+3x2﹣4x3+…﹣2000x1999+2001x2000)(1+2x+3x2+4x3+…+2000x1999+2001x2000)=a0x4000+a1x3999+a2x3998+…+a3999x+a4000,可得a1=﹣2000×2001+2001×2000=0,a3=0,a5=0,…,所以a1+a3+a5+…+a2011+a2013+a2015=0,故答案为:0.【点评】:本题考查二项式定理的运用,考查学生分析解决问题的能力,属于中档题.14.(4分)(2015•上海模拟)在平面直角坐标系中有两点A(﹣1,3)、B(1,),以原点为圆心,r>0为半径作一个圆,与射线y=﹣x(x<0)交于点M,与x轴正半轴交于N,则当r变化时,|AM|+|BN|的最小值为2.【考点】:两点间距离公式的应用.【专题】:计算题;转化思想;推理和证明.【分析】:由题意,设M(a,﹣a)(a<0),则r=﹣2a,N(﹣2a,0).可得|AM|+|BN|=+,设2a=x,进而可以理解为(x,0)与(﹣,)和(﹣1,)的距离和,即可得出结论.【解析】:解:由题意,设M(a,﹣a)(a<0),则r=﹣2a,N(﹣2a,0).∴|AM|+|BN|=+设2a=x,则|AM|+|BN|=+,可以理解为(x,0)与(﹣5,)和(﹣1,)的距离和,∴|AM|+|BN|的最小值为(﹣5,)和(﹣1,﹣)的距离,即2.故答案为:2.【点评】:本题考查两点间距离公式的应用,考查学生分析解决问题的能力,有难度.二、选择题(本大题满分20分)本大题共有4题,每题有且仅有一个正确答案,选对得5分,否则一律得零分.15.(5分)(2015•上海模拟)若非空集合A中的元素具有命题α的性质,集合B中的元素具有命题β的性质,若A⊊B,则命题α是命题β的()条件.A.充分非必要B.必要非充分C.充分必要D.既非充分又非必要【考点】:必要条件、充分条件与充要条件的判断.【专题】:集合;简易逻辑.【分析】:可举个例子来判断:比如A={1},B={1,2},α:x>0,β:x<3,容易说明此时命题α是命题β的既非充分又非必要条件.【解析】:解:命题α是命题β的既非充分又非必要条件;比如A={1},α:x>0;B={1,2},β:x<3;显然α成立得不到β成立,β成立得不到α成立;∴此时,α是β的既非充分又非必要条件.故选:D.【点评】:考查真子集的概念,以及充分条件、必要条件、既不充分又不必要条件的概念,以及找一个例子来说明问题的方法.16.(5分)(2015•上海二模)用反证法证明命题:“已知a、b∈N+,如果ab可被5 整除,那么a、b 中至少有一个能被5 整除”时,假设的内容应为()A.a、b 都能被5 整除B.a、b 都不能被5 整除C.a、b 不都能被5 整除D. a 不能被5 整除【考点】:反证法.【专题】:推理和证明.【分析】:反设是一种对立性假设,即想证明一个命题成立时,可以证明其否定不成立,由此得出此命题是成立的.【解析】:解:由于反证法是命题的否定的一个运用,故用反证法证明命题时,可以设其否定成立进行推证.命题“a,b∈N,如果ab可被5整除,那么a,b至少有1个能被5整除.”的否定是“a,b都不能被5整除”.故选:B.【点评】:反证法是命题的否定的一个重要运用,用反证法证明问题大大拓展了解决证明问题的技巧.17.(5分)(2015•上海二模)实数x、y满足x2+2xy+y2+4x2y2=4,则x﹣y的最大值为()A.B.C.D.2【考点】:基本不等式.【专题】:三角函数的求值.【分析】:x2+2xy+y2+4x2y2=4,变形为(x+y)2+(2xy)2=4,设x+y=2cosθ,2xy=2sinθ,θ∈[0,2π).化简利用三角函数的单调性即可得出.【解析】:解:x2+2xy+y2+4x2y2=4,变形为(x+y)2+(2xy)2=4,设x+y=2cosθ,2xy=2sinθ,θ∈[0,2π).则(x﹣y)2=(x+y)2﹣4xy=4cos2θ﹣4sinθ=5﹣4(sinθ+)2≤5,∴x﹣y.故选:C.【点评】:本题考查了平方法、三角函数代换方法、三角函数的单调性,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于中档题.18.(5分)(2015•上海模拟)直线m⊥平面α,垂足是O,正四面体ABCD的棱长为4,点C在平面α上运动,点B在直线m上运动,则点O到直线AD的距离的取值范围是()A.[,] B.[2﹣2,2+2] C.[,] D.[3﹣2,3+2]【考点】:点、线、面间的距离计算.【专题】:空间位置关系与距离.【分析】:确定直线BC与动点O的空间关系,得到最大距离为AD到球心的距离+半径,最小距离为AD到球心的距离﹣半径.【解析】:解:由题意,直线BC与动点O的空间关系:点O是以BC为直径的球面上的点,所以O到AD的距离为四面体上以BC为直径的球面上的点到AD的距离,最大距离为AD到球心的距离(即BC与AD的公垂线)+半径=2+2.最小距离为AD到球心的距离(即BC与AD的公垂线)﹣半径=2+2.∴点O到直线AD的距离的取值范围是:[2﹣2,2+2].故选:B.【点评】:本题考查点、线、面间的距离计算,考查学生分析解决问题的能力,属于中档题,解题时要注意空间思维能力的培养.三、解答题(本大题满分74分)本大题共5题,解答下列各题须写出必要的步骤. 19.(12分)(2015•上海模拟)已知正四棱柱ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1,底面边长为,点P、Q、R分别在棱AA1、BB1、BC上,Q是BB1中点,且PQ∥AB,C1Q⊥QR(1)求证:C1Q⊥平面PQR;(2)若C1Q=,求四面体C1PQR的体积.【考点】:棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积;直线与平面垂直的判定.【专题】:空间位置关系与距离;空间角.【分析】:(1)由已知得AB⊥平面B1BCC1,从而PQ⊥平面B1BCC1,进而C1Q⊥PQ,又C1Q ⊥QR,由此能证明C1Q⊥平面PQR.(2)由已知得B1Q=1,BQ=1,△B1C1Q∽△BQR,从而BR=,QR=,由C1Q、QR、QP 两两垂直,能求出四面体C1PQR 的体积.【解析】:(1)证明:∵四棱柱ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1是正四棱柱,∴AB⊥平面B1BCC1,又PQ∥AB,∴PQ⊥平面B1BCC1,∴C1Q⊥PQ,又已知C1Q⊥QR,且QR∩QP=Q,∴C1Q⊥平面PQR.(2)解:∵B1C1=,,∴B1Q=1,∴BQ=1,∵Q是BB1中点,C1Q⊥QR,∴∠B1C1Q=∠BQR,∠C1B1Q=∠QBR,∴△B1C1Q∽△BQR,∴BR=,∴QR=,∵C1Q、QR、QP两两垂直,∴四面体C1PQR 的体积V=.【点评】:本小题主要考查空间线面关系、线面垂直的证明、几何体的体积等知识,考查数形结合、化归与转化的数学思想方法,以及空间想象能力、推理论证能力和运算求解能力.20.(14分)(2015•上海模拟)已知数列{bn}满足b1=1,且bn+1=16bn(n∈N),设数列{}的前n项和是Tn.(1)比较Tn+12与Tn•Tn+2的大小;(2)若数列{an} 的前n项和Sn=2n2+2n,数列{cn}=an﹣logdbn(d>0,d≠1),求d的取值范围使得{cn}是递增数列.【考点】:数列递推式;数列的函数特性.【专题】:计算题;等差数列与等比数列.【分析】:(1)由数列递推式可得数列{bn}为公比是16的等比数列,求出其通项公式后可得,然后由等比数列的前n项和求得Tn,再由作差法证明Tn+12>Tn•Tn+2;(2)由Sn=2n2+2n求出首项,进一步得到n≥2时的通项公式,再把数列{an},{bn}的通项公式代入cn=an﹣logdbn=4n+(4﹣4n)logd2=(4﹣4logd2)n+4logd2,然后由一次项系数大于0求得d的取值范围.【解析】:解:(1)由bn+1=16bn,得数列{bn}为公比是16的等比数列,又b1=1,∴,因此,则=,∵Tn+12﹣Tn•Tn+2 =.于是Tn+12>Tn•Tn+2;(2)由Sn=2n2+2n,当n=1时求得a1=S1=4;当n≥2时,=4n.a1=4满足上式,∴an=4n.可得cn=an﹣logdbn=4n+(4﹣4n)logd2=(4﹣4logd2)n+4logd2,要使数列{cn}是递增数列,则4﹣4logd2>0,即logd2<1.当0<d<1时,有logd2<0恒成立,当d>1时,有d>2.综上,d∈(0,1)∪(2,+∞).【点评】:本题考查了等比关系的确定,考查了数列的函数特性,考查了对数不等式的解法,是中档题.21.(14分)(2015•上海二模)某种波的传播是由曲线f(x)=Asin(ωx+φ)(A>0)来实现的,我们把函数解析式f(x)=Asin(ωx+φ)称为“波”,把振幅都是A 的波称为“A 类波”,把两个解析式相加称为波的叠加.(1)已知“1 类波”中的两个波f1(x)=sin(x+φ1)与f2(x)=sin(x+φ2)叠加后仍是“1类波”,求φ2﹣φ1的值;(2)在“A 类波“中有一个是f1(x)=Asinx,从A类波中再找出两个不同的波f2(x),f3(x),使得这三个不同的波叠加之后是平波,即叠加后f1(x)+f2(x)+f3(x),并说明理由.(3)在n(n∈N,n≥2)个“A类波”的情况下对(2)进行推广,使得(2)是推广后命题的一个特例.只需写出推广的结论,而不需证明.【考点】:两角和与差的正弦函数;归纳推理.【专题】:综合题;三角函数的图像与性质;推理和证明.【分析】:(1)根据定义可求得f1(x)+f2(x)=(cosφ1+cosφ2)sinx+(sinφ1+sinφ2)cosx,则振幅是=,由=1,即可求得φ1﹣φ1的值.(2)设f2(x)=Asin(x+φ1),f3(x)=Asin(x+φ2),则f1(x)+f2(x)+f3(x)=0恒成立,可解得cosφ1=﹣,可取φ2=(或φ2=﹣等),证明f1(x)+f2(x)+f3(x)=0.(3)由题意可得f1(x)=Asinx,f2(x)=Asin(x+),f3(x)=Asin(x+),…,从而可求fn(x)=Asin(x+),这n个波叠加后是平波.【解析】:解:(1)f1(x)+f2(x)=sin(x+φ1)+sin(x+φ2)=(cosφ1+cosφ2)sinx+(sinφ1+sinφ2)cosx,振幅是=则=1,即cos(φ1﹣φ2)=﹣,所以φ1﹣φ2=2kπ±,k∈Z.(2)设f2(x)=Asin(x+φ1),f3(x)=Asin(x+φ2),则f1(x)+f2(x)+f3(x)=Asinx+Asin(x+φ1)+Asin(x+φ2)=Asinx(1+cosφ1+cosφ2)+Acosx(sinφ1+sinφ2)=0恒成立,则1+cosφ1+cosφ2=0且sinφ1+sinφ2=0,即有:cosφ2=﹣cosφ1﹣1且sinφ2=﹣sinφ1,消去φ2可解得cosφ1=﹣,若取φ1=,可取φ2=(或φ2=﹣等),此时,f2(x)=Asin(x+),f3(x)=Asin(x+)(或f3(x)=Asin(x﹣)等),则:f1(x)+f2(x)+f3(x)=A[sinx+(sinx+cosx)+(﹣sinx﹣cosx)]=0,所以是平波.(3)f1(x)=Asinx,f2(x)=Asin(x+),f3(x)=Asin(x+),…,fn(x)=Asin(x+),这n个波叠加后是平波.【点评】:本题主要考查了两角和与差的正弦函数公式的应用,考查了归纳推理的常用方法,综合性较强,考查了转化思想,属于中档题.22.(16分)(2015•上海二模)设函数f(x)=ax2+(2b+1)x﹣a﹣2(a,b∈R).(1)若a=0,当x∈[,1]时恒有f(x)≥0,求b 的取值范围;(2)若a≠0且b=﹣1,试在直角坐标平面内找出横坐标不同的两个点,使得函数y=f(x)的图象永远不经过这两点;(3)若a≠0,函数y=f(x)在区间[3,4]上至少有一个零点,求a2+b2的最小值.【考点】:函数的最值及其几何意义;函数的零点与方程根的关系.【专题】:综合题;函数的性质及应用.【分析】:(1)求出a=0的解析式,再由一次函数的单调性,得到不等式,即可得到范围;(2)b=﹣1时,y=a(x2﹣1)﹣x﹣2,当x2=1时,无论a取任何值,y=﹣x﹣2为定值,y=f (x)图象一定过点(1,﹣3)和(﹣1,﹣1),运用函数的定义即可得到结论;(3)由题意,存在t∈[3,4],使得at2+(2b+1)t﹣a﹣2=0,即(t2﹣1)a+(2t)b+t﹣2=0,由点到直线的距离意义可知≥=,由此只要求,t∈[3,4]的最小值.【解析】:解:(1)当a=0时,f(x)=(2b+1)x﹣2,当x∈[,1]时恒有f(x)≥0,则f()≥0且f(1)≥0,即b﹣≥0且2b﹣1≥0,解得b≥;(2)b=﹣1时,y=a(x2﹣1)﹣x﹣2,当x2=1时,无论a取任何值,y=﹣x﹣2为定值,y=f(x)图象一定过点(1,﹣3)和(﹣1,﹣1)由函数定义可知函数图象一定不过A(1,y1)(y1≠﹣3)和B(﹣1,y2)(y2≠﹣1);(3)由题意,存在t∈[3,4],使得at2+(2b+1)t﹣a﹣2=0即(t2﹣1)a+(2t)b+t﹣2=0,由点到直线的距离意义可知≥=,由此只要求,t∈[3,4]的最小值.令g(t)=,t∈[3,4]设u=t﹣2,u∈[1,2],则g(t)=f(u)==∴u=1,即t=3时,g(t)取最小值,∴t=3时,a2+b2的最小值为.【点评】:本题考查不等式的恒成立问题转化为求函数的值域问题,主要考查一次函数的单调性,运用主元法和直线和圆有交点的条件是解题的关键.23.(18分)(2015•上海二模)设有二元关系f(x,y)=(x﹣y)2+a(x﹣y)﹣1,已知曲线г:f(x,y)=0(1)若a=2时,正方形ABCD的四个顶点均在曲线上г,求正方形ABCD的面积;(2)设曲线г与x轴的交点是M、N,抛物线г′:y=x2+1与y 轴的交点是G,直线MG与曲线г′交于点P,直线NG 与曲线г′交于Q,求证:直线PQ过定点,并求出该定点的坐标.(3)设曲线г与x轴的交点是M(u,0),N(v,0),可知动点R(u,v)在某确定的曲线∧上运动,曲线∧与上述曲线г在a≠0时共有四个交点:A(x1,x2),B(x3,x4),C(x5,x6),D(x7,x8),集合X={x1,x2,…,x8}的所有非空子集设为Yi(i=1,2,…,255),将Yi中的所有元素相加(若i Y 中只有一个元素,则其是其自身)得到255 个数y1,y2,…,y255求所有的正整数n 的值,使得y1n+y2n+…+y255n 是与变数a及变数xi(i=1,2,…8)均无关的常数.【考点】:直线与圆锥曲线的综合问题.【专题】:圆锥曲线中的最值与范围问题.【分析】:(1)令f(x,y)=(x﹣y)2+2(x﹣y)﹣1=0,解得x﹣y=﹣1±,由于f(x,y)表示两条平行线,之间的距离是2,为一个正方形,即可得出面积S.(2):在曲线C中,令y=0,则x2+ax﹣1=0,设M(m,0),N(n,0),则mn=﹣1,G(0,1),则直线MG:y=﹣x+1,NG:y=﹣x+1.分别与抛物线方程联立可得P,Q.直线PQ的方程为:,令x=0,可得y=3,因此直线PQ过定点(0,3).(3)令y=0,则x2+ax﹣1=0,则mn=﹣1,即点R(u,v)在曲线xy=﹣1上,又曲线C:f(x,y)=0.恒表示平行线x﹣y=,A(x1,x2),B(x3,x4)关于直线y=﹣x对称,即x1+x2+x3+x4=0,同理可得x5+x6+x7+x8=0,则x1+x2+…+x8=0,集合X={x1,x2,…,x8}的所有非空子集设为Yi=1,2,…,255),取Y1={x1,x2,…,x8},则y1=x1+x2+…+x8=0,即n∈N*,=0,对X的其它子集,把它们配成集合“对”(Yp,Yq),Yp∪Yq=X,Yp∩Yq=∅,这样的集合“对”共有127对,且对每一个集合“对”都满足yp+yq=0.可以利用扇形归纳法证明:对于Yp的元素和yp与Yq的元素和yq,当n为奇数时,=0.即可得出.【解析】:解:(1)令f(x,y)=(x﹣y)2+2(x﹣y)﹣1=0,解得x﹣y=﹣1±,∴f(x,y)=0表示两条平行线,之间的距离是2,此为一个正方形的一个边长,其面积S=4.(2)证明:在曲线C中,令y=0,则x2+ax﹣1=0,设M(m,0),N(n,0),则mn=﹣1,G(0,1),则直线MG:y=﹣x+1,NG:y=﹣x+1.联立,解得P,同理可得Q.∴直线PQ的方程为:令x=0,则y===3,因此直线PQ过定点(0,3).(3)令y=0,则x2+ax﹣1=0,则mn=﹣1,即点R(u,v)在曲线xy=﹣1上,又曲线C:f(x,y)=(x﹣y)2+a(x﹣y)﹣1=0.恒表示平行线x﹣y=,如图所示,A(x1,x2),B(x3,x4)关于直线y=﹣x对称,则=,即x1+x2+x3+x4=0,同理可得x5+x6+x7+x8=0,则x1+x2+…+x8=0,集合X={x1,x2,…,x8}的所有非空子集设为Yi,取Y1={x1,x2,…,x8},则y1=x1+x2+…+x8=0,即n∈N*,=0,对X的其它子集,把它们配成集合“对”(Yp,Yq),Yp∪Yq=X,Yp∩Yq=∅,这样的集合“对”共有127对,且对每一个集合“对”都满足yp+yq=0.以下证明:对于Yp的元素和yp与Yq的元素和yq,当n为奇数时,=0.先证明:n为奇数时,x+y能够整除xn+yn,用数学归纳法证明.1°当n=1时,成立;2°假设当n=k(奇数)时,x+y能够整除xk+yk,则当n=k+2时,xk+2+yk+2=xk+2﹣xky2+xky2+yk+2=xk(x2﹣y2)+y2(xk+yk),因此上式可被x+y整除.由1°,2°可知:n为奇数时,x+y能够整除xn+yn.又∵当n为奇数时,=(yp+yq)M,其中M是关于yp,yq的整式,∵Yp∪Yq=X,Yp∩Yq=∅,∴每一个集合“对”(Yp,Yq)都满足yp+yq=0.则一定有=(x+y)M=0,M∈N*,于是可得y1n+y2n+…+y255n=0是常数.【点评】:本题考查了平行直线系、直线的交点、一元二次方程的根与系数的关系、集合的性质、中点坐标公式、对称性、扇形归纳法,考查了分析问题与解决问题的能力,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于难题.。
师大附中老师解读2015年东北三校联考试卷

语文《星际穿越》贴近学生生活“敬业”做作文题目时代感强名师简介:张凤君,哈师大附中语文组教师,高级教师,教育硕士,市骨干教师,市语文兼职教研员语文是高考中的三大主科之一,对高考成败起到了至关重要的作用,练完试题的学生一定要细看哈师大附中名师张凤君对于语文试卷的点评,结合自己的做题感悟,相信会有更多收获。
据张凤君介绍,本试卷以2014年高考题为蓝本命制而成,力求契合考纲要求,最大程度上体现考纲精神,题型稳定,难易适中,考点覆盖较为全面,不偏不怪,高度仿真——非常适合在高三的这一阶段使用——有益于检验复习效果,提振师生信心。
张凤君表示,认真做过试卷的师生一定会有同感,这套看似并无新意的试卷其实暗含锋芒。
无论从选文的可读性、时代性、思想性上还是从命题的科学性、层次性、缜密性上都可堪推敲。
具体展开:①第一大题,选文有关电影《星际穿越》,可读性强,与学生生活及兴趣点紧密相关;命题上,仅三道题十二个选项就考查了无中生有、曲解文意、偷换概念和因果倒置等多种情况。
学生们在做题时,除了细心比对之外,还要真正读懂文本,审慎分析判断;②文言文,节选自《后汉书》,文面难度相宜,题目命制科学。
其中第6题的D选项“羌人以悼念父母的方式祭奠他”可谓“暗藏机关”;翻译题,选句恰当,要点明确,词类活用及特殊句式都有所涉及。
其中“离”字的考查相当有层次:学生在做题时,除需精准的知识迁移外,还需恰当的情境判断;③名句名篇默写题仍以理解性默写面目出现。
其中第三题(韩愈《师说》中“,”的观点与《荀子劝学篇》指出的“青,取之于蓝,而青于蓝”是相近的),学生若审题不细,死记硬背,就会将原文中的“是故”两字加上,从而丢分——此题于不动声色之中检验了学生的考试素养,令人不觉为之点赞;④大阅读的文学类文本是篇日本小说。
文面不难,但主题思想很深刻,尤其是第(4)题有关人性异化的问题,难度不低;而实用类文则仿真度较高,较为全面地考查了学生的理解、分析、判断、整合、概括等多方面能力,指向性明确。
湖南省十三校2015届高三第二次联考英语试题 Word版含解析

湖南省十三校2015届高三第二次联考英语试题总分:150分时量:120分钟得分:Part I Listening Comprehension(30 marks)Section A(22.5 marks)Directions : In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question if followed by three choices marked A, B and C. listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.You will hear each conversation TWICE.When will the magazine probably arrive? A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.The answer is B.Conversation.11.What is beside the computer center?A.The sports center.B.The library.C.The classroom building.2.Where will the speakers go next?A.To the sports center.B.To the library.C.To the computer center.Conversation, 23.What does the man think of the movie?A.Amazing.B.Disappointing.C.Moving.4.What made the woman confused about the movie?A.The plot.B.The special effects.C.The scenery.Conversation, 35.What prevented the woman's car from starting?A.The faulty engine.B.The lack of petrol.C.The dead battery.6.What will the woman do?A.Get some petrol.B.Buy a new car.C.Return her battery.Conversation, 47.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.Sending Steven to school.B.Working on night shift.C.Looking after Steven.8.Who should plan Steven's future in the woman's opinion?A.The father.B.Steven himself.C.The mother.9.What can we learn from the conversation?A.The couple has much spare time.B.The couple has to work.C.The husband will be free in the daytime.Conversation, 510.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A.Customer and waiter.B.Boss and employee.C.Interviewer and interviewee.11.Why does the woman want to leave her present company?A.The company isn't doing well.B.She hasn't had a promotion.C.She can't display her abilities there.12.When can the woman start her new job?A.At once.B.In about a month.C.In about a week.Conversation, 613.Why has the woman gone to Prague?A.To go sightseeing.B.To see a friend.C.To attend a conference.14.How long does it take from the hotel to the conference center by bus?A.6 minutes.B.5 minutes.C.15 minutes.15.What can we learn from the conversation?A.The subway fare depends on the distance.B.It is easy to get lost at the subway station.C.There isn't a subway station near the conference center.Section B(7.5 marks)Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A(15 marks)Directions : For each of the following unfinished sentences there are Jour choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose.the one that best completes the sentence.21.A journal is not necessarily a reliable record of facts, for the writer's impressions color the telling of events.A.shall B.might C.should D.must【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
湖南省十三校2015届高三第二次联考理科综合试题及答案

湖南省2015届高三十三校联考第二次考试理科综合试卷总分:300分时量:150分钟2015年4月12日长郡中学;衡阳八中;永州四中;岳阳县一中;湘潭县一中;湘西州民中由麓山国际联合命题石门一中;澧县一中;郴州一中;益阳市一中;桃源县一中;株洲市二中可能用到的相对原子质量:Na-23 S-32 O-16 H-1 C-12 Mg-24 N-14一.选择题:本题包括13小题,每小题6分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
1.下列叙述正确的是:A.在花生子叶薄片上滴加苏丹Ⅲ染液,若发现满视野都呈现橘黄色,可以滴1~2滴50%盐酸洗去浮色B.人体用于维持体温的热能来自于ATP水解释放的能量C.用透气的消毒纱布包扎伤口可抑制破伤风芽孢杆菌增殖D.紫色洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞发生质壁分离复原过程中,液泡里的色素渗透出细胞导致细胞液颜色变浅2.对下列图中有关的生物学意义的描述正确的是:A.甲图若在c点切断,则刺激b点后,a点会兴奋,肌肉会收缩B.乙图人体物质交换中体内细胞与B间不能直接进行物质交换,体内细胞与A之间才能直接进行物质交换C.丙图中,对向光弯曲的植物而言,若茎背光侧为B对应的生长素浓度,则茎向光侧不可能为C对应的浓度D.图丁中靶细胞裂解与效应T细胞内的溶酶体有关3.下图1表示胰岛素浓度与血糖的补充速率和消耗速率之间的关系,图2表示描述某种生命活动的模型。
下列相关分析错误的是:A.曲线甲表示血糖的补充速率,曲线乙表示血糖的消耗速率B.胰岛素作用于肝脏、肌肉等细胞导致曲线甲上升C.若E为调节中枢,a为血糖浓度下降,则b、c可分别代表胰高血糖素和肾上腺素分泌增加D.若E为神经中枢,a为渗透压升高,则b、c可分别代表抗利尿激素释放增加和产生渴觉4.如图表示在采用不同网目(网眼直径)和不同捕捞强度时对大西洋鳕鱼捕获量的影响。
下列相关分析中不正确的是:A.保持捕捞强度33%同时用大网目捕鱼更有利于保持鱼群的持续发展B.保持捕捞强度45%同时用中网目捕鱼使鱼群的年龄组成更接近稳定型C.持久保持捕捞强度45%会导致鳕鱼的种群数量不断减小D.调查鳕鱼的种群密度可以采用标志重捕法5、下列关于细胞的分子组成的说法不正确的是:A.动物细胞膜表面除糖蛋白外还有糖类和脂质分子结合成的糖脂B.生物细胞内吸能反应一般与ATP水解的反应联系C.核苷酸、DNA、RNA和蛋白质可以作为鉴定不同生物是否为同一物种的辅助手段D.1摩尔ATP水解成ADP时所释放的能量多达30.54KJ6.科学家用黄色大鼠与黑色大鼠进行杂交实验,结果如下图。
上海市十三校2015届高三12月联考试题

上海市十三校2015届高三12月联考试题高三2010-12-16 20:57上海市十三校2015届高三12月联考试题4.考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
一、阅读(80分)(一)阅读下文,完成第1-6题。
(16分)①万众瞩目的上海世博会吉祥物突出的亮点就是一个“宝”字——而称之为“海宝”,除了设计者表达浓缩的主题和意蕴外,自然让人联想到“海内外世界级国宝汇聚上海的海量展示”。
尤其法国奥赛博物馆所藏、为安全起见分别用七架飞机运抵的罗丹雕塑((青铜时代))、盎塑油画《晚钟))等七件珍宝,以及首次盘出国门的丹麦哥本哈根“美人鱼”铜像、人类第一次光顾另一天体的俄罗斯月球车,世界级珍稀动物亚达伯拉象龟等爆出的热门,把探宝炒成本届世博的最大看点。
②对国宝的认识和认知,中国人有独到的鉴别力,所谓慧眼却也每受片面视角的困惑。
言其独到,经典例证是楚人卞和能从一块凡常不过的璞石申看出至宝,终使“和氏璧”传世。
今年早些时候,亦有人大代表从藏于江浙的元人黄公望半幅《富春山居图》中,“读”出一条含金量极高的提案:冀与藏诸彼岸台北博物馆的另外半幅合成完璧。
夙愿若成,当使一幅少为人知的传统国画升格为顶尖级“国宝”。
③而言其片面,是因国人更习惯于赏读那种精美绝伦的物质形态、或以精美绝伦的物质形态为载体而看得见摸得着的精神文化瑰宝。
诚若清高宗有幸莅临本届世博,见到塞尚的((咖啡壹边的妇女》,必以积习加盖一方“乾隆御览之宝”为幸事;而对无形之宝,尤其诸多虽有形而似“无价”之宝,却无从着眼,或看“走眼”。
④譬如形似“冰壶”的芬兰馆之“鱼鳞外墙”,是回收利用的废旧标签和塑料边角;西班牙馆的立面以不作任何染色的天然藤条编席为之;瑞士馆的红色幕帷,也主要由大豆纤维制作。
以寻常眼光去看,岂不等同无价无用的弃物?乃至加拿大馆竞禁止摆放大型展品,这与国人心目中的“国宝观”——乃至藏宝之包装也需镶金嵌玉、富丽堂皇才见隆重——以致史上留下过“买椟还珠”的极端案例而大相径庭。
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“出头鸟”。累致泱泱大国自然科学、 天文医学只见肇端、鲜见硕果。八成人 需要“出头鸟”,缘自对其领先之希冀; 九成人恐当“出头鸟”,缘自对社会环 境之忌惮。“出头鸟”匮乏,乃环境之 弊、创新之殇。圆梦中国必先遍育“出 头鸟”,育鸟必先茂林、丰羽。此非三 日之功,需日积月累潜移默化。
“出头鸟”应该两种说法:
创新会有风险; 中庸思想束缚; 缺少激创环境; 没有制度保障。 思辨:创新是指在学业、事业上的创新; 而不是搏出位;创新虽好,也需理性评估。
当下,各行业都涌现出很多敢于打破传统束 缚的人。然而,老话却说“枪打出头鸟”, 认为保持低调才能安身立命。 中国青年报社会调查中心对5035人进行的 一项调查显示,55.4%的受访者认为在现 实中很少有人愿做“出头鸟”。但78.8% 的受访者认为社会需要“出头鸟”。对于不 愿做“出头鸟”的原因,89.8%的受访者 指出“‘出头’意味着更多风险”。(10月 28日《中国青年报》)
是科研领域。核心技术、关键技术是 买不来的,需要自主创新,需要“出 头鸟”。没有高科技、没有“出头 鸟”,要想在国际竞争中站有一席之 地那是不可能的。愿我们国家有更加 完善的自主创新的体制机制,在全社 会形成勇于竞争和宽容失败的氛围, 人人敢冒风险,争当“出头鸟”。
春秋以降国人中庸为道,羞于恐于当
5.(3分)第⑧段指出民国学
术被高估的原因还在于学术界本 身脱离公众、不敢纠正常识性错 误(1分), 对前文论述政治运动的影响和逆 反心态等原因作了补充(或构成 递进)(1分), 使阐述更深入全面(1分)。
6.(5分)本文是对高估民国学术这一现象的 质疑与批判(1分), 逻辑严密,有实证,有结论(1分)。 作者先客观界定民国学术的地位(1分), 再从学术发展的阶段过程、政治运动的消极影 响、一些人的逆反心态和学术界本身负有的责 任等方面作多角度归因分析(1分), 得出“民国学术总体上没有超越清朝,今天的 总体学术水平大大超越民国时期”的结论(1 分)。 论述过程中结合典型的实例,增强了说服力。 (1分) (前两点一点1分,后四设置义田(1分)救济族
人和贤者(1分) 21.(3分)鞭挞了达官显宦和卿士大 夫只知奢靡享乐而不知施贤济人的世风, 也表达对范文正公自奉俭约、周济群族 的高风义举的崇敬和景仰。 评分说明:考生答到一点2分,两点3分。
22.(1分)后序(或“跋”)。23.(1 分)D 24.(3分)C
17.(4分)(1)救济,救助(2)和…… 一样,按照,如同(3)大概,大致(4)达 到 18.(5分)(范公)逝世的时候,遗体没 有钱财装殓,子女们也没有钱财举办丧事; (他)只是把救济贫寒、养活亲族的道义, 留传给子女罢了。 评分说明:采用扣分的方式评分。省略主语、 “殁”、“无以为敛”、“无以为丧”、 “施贫活族”、“遗”为6个点,考生译文 中有1点错误扣1分,扣到0分为止。
1.(2分)没有事实依据(1分)、虚
构有趣的情节(1分)去讲述或评论。 评分说明:考生如据第①段具体答“民 国大师被影视作品过度包装、拔高”得1 分。 2.(2分)学术史的地位作用 学术大 师的产生 评分说明:考生如据第④段答“整体水 平和杰出个人”得1分。 3.(3分)选A得3分,选B得1分。
“出头鸟”中或许有一些奇谈怪论和不
雷翻众人不罢休的人,但我们不能因此 而去否认这里面所蕴含的创新精神。 社会舆论应该给“出头鸟”们更宽松的 空间,只要是在法律允许的框架内,就 让各种奇思妙想多飞一会吧,不要用太 过世俗的眼光去看待“出头鸟”,自己 怕担风险的可以不做,但应该给勇敢的 人一点掌声。
的猫(2分)。 他与其他猫不同,有种不为动物身所役的 孤傲(1分)。 他亲近人,把“我”当成知心朋友(1 分)。 即使“我”疏远冷落甚至伤害他,他仍然 重情惜义对“我”全心相待(1分)。 在无人全心相待的世情里,这种猫情猫心 更显可贵(1分)。 评分说明:第一点2分,后四点答到三点 即给3分。
25.(3分)该句将归震川所写的
赠序文章和声调抑扬、充满情韵而 无甚思想内容的文章比作芥舟(1 分), 将思想义理深广的文章比作海涛 (1分), 将抽象道理形象化(1分)。
26.(4分)本文对归震川的散文作
了精当而客观的评价(1分)。 作者认为归震川的文章不如曾巩、 王安石和方苞(1分); 归文中无意义的序赠太多,题材狭 窄内容不深广(1分); 同时对归文不事雕琢、能昭物情的 风格作了高度评价(1分)。
7.(2分)“讹”字将动物赋予人
的感情(1分), 形象生动地写出了李家宝的可爱以 及对“我”的亲近(1分)。 8.(2分)因为李家宝不为动物身 所役,与人为伍(1分); 独来独往,性格孤僻,冷眼俯视其 他猫狗(1分)。
9.(3分)此句“我随口问‘家宝,
尾巴呢’”作“熟练”的补语(1分); 写出家宝于“我”能一如既往亲近他、 与他当知心朋友的期待(1分); 家宝把“我”当知心朋友,我却不能对 家宝平等相待(1分)。 评分说明:考生如答“‘熟练到……呢’ 作‘他便迅速拍打一阵尾巴’一句的状 语”也可。
高三十三校联考试卷讲评
文言词语检测四小组均分
小组均分
13.(1)竟无语凝噎
(2)熊咆龙吟殷岩泉
(3)君子博学而日参省乎己
(4)起舞弄清影
(5)斗折蛇行
(6)审容膝之易安
(7)烟波江上使人愁
(8)不为物使
14.(1分)思 。15.(3分)D 16.(4分)末尾三句写出眼前的凄凉景象: 回首茫茫天涯,只见一抹斜阳,几只远飞的 寒鸦(1分)。 诗人以景结情(或借景抒情)(1分), 表现了对官场生活的厌倦(即倦客之心) (1分) 和漂泊无依的思乡之情(1分)。 评分说明:考生如从化用秦观《满庭芳》的 诗句“斜阳外,寒鸦数点,流水绕孤村”来 谈也可以。
根据以下材料,自选角度,自拟题目,
写一篇不少于800字的文章(不要写成 诗歌)。 当下,各行业都涌现出很多敢于打破 传统束缚的人。当然,老话也说“枪 打出头鸟”,认为保持低调才能安身 立命,当“出头鸟”会带来更多挑战 和风险。
审题立意
可以肯定“出头鸟”即敢于打破传统束缚的 人, 也可以肯定不要轻易做“出头鸟”的正面意 义与价值, 还可以在肯定基础之上作辩证补充,认为我 们要力倡“出头鸟精神”,而当下社会需要 理性的“出头鸟”,引领时代潮流的“出头 鸟”,同时又要避免社会对“出头鸟”的伤 害和危险。 学生如能以历史的眼光分析,思辨地看待, 写出“出头鸟”时代义,当下义,文章则更 易出彩。
一是思想解放、观念创新、确实有过
人之处的特长人,又敢当人先的,并 对社会有促进发展和推荐启发作用的 意义,精神可贵,应当鼓励; 二是鱼目混珠地瞎起哄,白手拿鱼、 图有虚名的谋取私利的人,危害社会, 怡误他人,这样的出头鸟还是不要的 好。
无论是枪打“出头鸟”还是争做“出头
鸟”,我们都必须厘清的一个概念是, 为什么出头? 以积极进取为核心的出头,我们理应送 上鲜花与掌声,鼓励创新; 以刻意折腾为要义的出头,那也必须是 打你没商量,防微杜渐。 多一份激励,多一份自律,“出头鸟” 就能振翅高飞。
10.(3分)B
11.(4分)家宝刚到家里来,
“我”看不上他(1分); 家宝和“我”渐渐亲密后,“我” 把他当成知心朋友(1分); 不久后我开始疏远冷落他,并且送 人伤害他(1分); 最后“我”感到深深的愧疚,对他 深情地思念(1分)。
12.(5分)李家宝是只有情有义有骨气
随着竞争日趋激烈,想要有所作为做
“出头鸟”无疑是种不错的选择。 马云如果没做“出头鸟”,就没有现 在的阿里王国。所以对于“出头鸟” 而言,机遇与风险是并存的。大家都 知道社会需要“出头鸟”,而89.8% 的人却因惧怕风险而不敢出头,无怪 乎成功只属于少数人。
我们国家太需要“出头鸟”了,特别