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社会生活的意义英语作文

Social life is an integral part of our existence,shaping our personalities,values,and behaviors.It is through our interactions with others that we learn,grow,and develop as individuals.Here are some key aspects that highlight the significance of social life:1.Personal Development:Social life provides a platform for personal growth.It is through our relationships and interactions that we learn empathy,communication skills, and conflict resolution.These skills are crucial for our personal and professional development.2.Cultural Exchange:Social interactions expose us to different cultures,beliefs,and customs.This exposure broadens our horizons,fostering a deeper understanding and appreciation of diversity,which is essential in todays globalized world.3.Mental Health:Engaging in social activities is beneficial for mental health.It helps to reduce feelings of loneliness and isolation,which are common in todays fastpaced, technologydriven society.Social connections can provide emotional support and a sense of belonging.4.Professional Networking:Building a network of professional contacts is vital for career advancement.Social life offers opportunities to meet people from various industries,which can lead to new job prospects,collaborations,and mentorship.munity Building:Social life is the foundation of community.It is through our social interactions that we form bonds with our neighbors,contribute to local events,and participate in community projects,which in turn strengthens the social fabric of our neighborhoods.6.Innovation and Creativity:Social life stimulates creativity and innovation.When we share ideas with others,we can create new perspectives and solutions to problems.This exchange of ideas is the driving force behind many advancements in science,technology, and the arts.7.Conflict Resolution:Social life teaches us how to navigate conflicts.It is through our interactions with others that we learn negotiation skills,compromise,and the importance of finding common ground.8.Civic Engagement:Being socially active often leads to greater civic engagement. Social life can inspire individuals to participate in political processes,volunteer work, and advocacy for social causes,contributing to the betterment of society.9.Health Benefits:Studies have shown that people with strong social ties tend to have better physical health.Social support can influence health behaviors,such as exercise and diet,and can provide a buffer against stress.10.Life Satisfaction:Ultimately,social life contributes to our overall life satisfaction. The joy of shared experiences,the comfort of companionship,and the sense of being part of something larger than ourselves all contribute to a more fulfilling life.In conclusion,social life is not just a part of our routine it is a fundamental aspect of human existence that enriches our lives in numerous ways.It is through our social interactions that we find meaning,build relationships,and contribute to the world around us.。

个人理财规划外文翻译文献编辑

文献信息：文献标题：A Study of Personal Financial Planning Process and Socio-Economic Decision-Making in Households（个人理财规划过程与家庭社会经济决策研究）国外作者：S Shah，AS Bhatt文献出处：《Social Science Electronic Publishing》,2016字数统计：英文2308单词，13376字符；中文4089汉字外文文献：A Study of Personal Financial Planning Process andSocio-Economic Decision-Making in Households Abstract In the current era, planning of finance is assuming extreme importance as myriad financial products are available and individuals’ demands are increasing. Personal financial planning is a process which outlines one’s financial objectives and takes financial decisions in a manner that his goals are achieved. The process of financial planning and decision-making in household has been studied independently by various researchers. However, these are essentially intertwined in nature. In view of this, the researchers have undertaken the task of understanding whether individuals followed the Personal Financial Planning process consciously and whether this was linked to household decision-making, especially in the social and economic areas. This paper also examines gender inequality in household decision-making and how household decision-making evolves with time. The study was conducted in the Ahmedabad district of Gujarat, and a sample size of 196 respondents was selected on judgmental basis to meet the objective of the study. The response rate was 78% (n=150) which is considered to be acceptable for a research study. The sample size was equally split between males and females. The survey was carried out in June- July, 2014.Analysis has been done by using Analysis of Variance(ANOV A), Binary Logistic Regression and Chi-square.It was found that age influences components of Personal financial planning (PFP) like determining one’s financial objectives, knowledge of finance, satisfaction regarding current economic status, and retirement planning. Likewise, gender, income, education, profession and marital status affect various components of PFP. It was also found that household economic and social decisions were related to income and investment of the respondent. Further, it could be inferred that in a household, males held more bargaining power in taking economic decisions, while females exerted more influence in taking social decisions.Key-words: Personal financial planning, financial objective, household economic decisions, household social decisions1.IntroductionHousehold financial management is that activity which is concerned with planning and controlling finances of individuals and households. The concept ‘personal financial management’ is of immense interest to researchers, academicians and policy formulators in the context of global economic crisis and financial inclusion in developing countries. As in the case of a nation or business institution, finance plays a crucial role in the life of an individual, to rich or poor. Mobilisation of finance and its wise and efficient deployment play a strategic role in the well-being of a nation or institution and at the most in the case of a person who is the base or starting point of any economic activity. Personal finance as a branch of economics deals with budgeting, saving, investing, borrowing, lending, insuring, and diversifying.Personal financial planning denotes the process of determining whether and how an individual can meet life goals through the proper management of financial sources.(CFP Board, 2005) Financial literacy and financial well-being are mutually related with each other (UNDP and PFIP, 2010). Financial well-being is the ability to have wealth to serve life - to have the financial means to comfortably attain whatever personal goals one has to enjoy an acceptable lifestyle. Sociological research data indicate that fourfactors strongly predict happiness and overall well-being in most cultures: health, economic status, employment, and family relationships. People are happier when they are healthy, employed, married or in a committed relationship, and financially secure. There is a relationship between an individual’s ability to do something (competence) and well-being (both self-perceived happiness and economic well-being). Well- being is, at least in part, a product of competent behaviour enacted consistently over time. Financial capability and financial competence therefore influence a person’s well-being. The opportunity accorded to people to engage with the formal financial system and how well they manage the money they have will influence their standard of living and the standard of living of those for whom they are responsible.Like never before, researchers, public authorities, community groups, industry associations and international organisations, are initiating financial literacy programmes and want to understand how people can become financially literate, or in other words, have the knowledge, understanding, skills and competence to deal with everyday financial matters and make the right choices for their needs.2.Literature Review2.1.Financial Literacy & PlanningVery few articles and research papers were found those have founded identical theories of personal financial planning. The term personal finance is having its root in micro-economics, finance and behavioral science as this area originated from home economics to various finance theories to behavioral finance. An Individual, as a consumer, is a rational being who tries to use his or her money income to derive the utmost amount of consummation or utility from it. Consumers want to get "the most for their money" or, to exceed their total utility as per ‘Maximisation of utility’ theory. Money is scarce in nature and due to this, consumers tend to be rational in their purchasing decisions. A consumer would spend his money on the best possible purpose or product and only when needed that guarantees optimum utility or a complete sense of satisfaction.Considering the importance of financial literacy, in RBI-OECD Workshop onFinancial Literacy, Bengaluru, in March, 2010 Sri Pranabkumar Mukerjee, Hon’ble Minister for Finance in his speech narrated “Financial literacy and education plays a crucial role in financial inclusion.” He further added that research and existing literature in financial literacy have typically associated an individual’s knowledge of economics and finance with his financial decisions related to savings, spending, borrowing, retirement planning, or portfolio choice. Today, financial competence has become essential due to complex choices and, while the policies need to enable access, the responsibility for saving and investing for the future primarily lies with the individuals. Another study by Miller M., Godfrey N., Levesque B. and Stark E. (2009) discussed the importance of financial literacy for consumers in developing countries, especially in the context of the global financial crisis.The authors stated that financial literacy was an active process, in which communicating information was only the beginning: empowering consumers to take action to improve their financial well-beingwas the ultimate goal. This study presented empirical evidence on thevalue of financial literacy programs and made a case for further research in determining the most effective financial literacy tools, programs and public policies, especially in the context of developing countries. Lusardi A. (2001), a world famous financial literacy scholar and academician, in her article ‘Financial literacy around the world: an overview’ stated that in an increasingly risky and globalised market-place, people must be able to make well-informed financial decisions.2.2.Socio-Economic decisions in householdHousehold decision-making affects many choices with important consequences including the distribution of income, allocation of resources, allocation of time, purchase of goods, and fertility decisions. If there is gender inequality in household decision making then this affects the economic well-being of women and children in the household. Blood and Wolfe (1960) in their study based on households in the Detroit area of the United States, found that comparative resources of the wife and husband were more important determinants in decision-making and power than social norms. The spouse with the greater resource base was more likely to have more decision making power. Similar studies done in lower and middle-income countriesreported different results. Research in Yugoslavia and Greece found that husband’s socio-economic resources were negatively related to his power (Buric and Zecevic 1967, Safilios- Rothschild 1967). A study conducted in India by Rammu (1988) which included urban, dual and single income earning households found that the more resources the partner brought into the marriage, in terms of education, income and occupational status, the more decision-making power he/she possessed. He also found that women who were gainfully employed exercised greater authority in all spheres of decision-making compared to women engaged in domestic housework only. However, even employed women did not succeed in negotiating a noticeable change in the allocation of domestic housework, perhaps a consequence of the timeless social norm of women doing housework. In one more study conducted in Venezuela (Lawrence and Mancini 1998) focused on decision-making concerning four subjects: purchase of household goods, change in residence, household finances and children’s education. The study found that while a majority of households made decisions jointly, more women made decisions concerning the purchase of household goods and children’s education compared to men, while men dominated decisions concerning household finances and change in residence.The process of financial planning and decision-making in household has been studied independently in the previous researches. However, these are essentially intertwined and if one wants to achieve life goals, financial literacy is a necessity. In view of this, the researches undertook the task of understanding whether individuals followed the Personal Financial Planning (PFP) process consciously and whether this was linked to household decision-making, especially in the social and economic areas. Further, there is a dearth of research related to this topic especially in Gujarat state of India. Hence, the researchers carried out the study in Gujarat.3.Research MethodologyOn the basis of review of literature and evidences from psychological studies, the present study has been planned with the following objectives:1)To analyse the effect of demographic variables on household financial planning2)To find out the relationship between financial planning decisions and economic and social decisions3)To find out the gender impact on economic and social decisionsThe study was conducted in the Ahmedabad district of Gujarat, and a sample size of 196 respondents was selected on judgmental basis to meet the objectives of the study. The total number of questionnaires distributed was 196. We received 176 questionnaires, but some of them had one or more missing responses. Such questionnaires were discarded and were not considered for further analysis. The final sample size after discarding the questionnaires with missing responses was 150. Thus the response rate was 78% which is considered to be acceptable for a research study. The respondents carried equal number of males and females. The survey was carried out in June-July, 2014. The profile of the respondents with respect to demographics like age, gender, qualification, income, marital status and household investments has been presented in the data analysis section.The research design for the study is descriptive in nature. The questionnaire constructed for the study included several questions which were continuous and categorical in nature. The survey consisted of questions that covered demographics, financial attitude towards personal financial planning, preferences for investment avenues, and purposes for investment.Definition of ConstructsThe components of personal financial planning were obtained through literature review regarding how individuals consider each component in their household financial planning decisions.•Financial Objective: Financial objectives are life goals converted into monetary terms. They can be categorised based on time period- Short term, Medium term and Long term financial objectives.•Knowledge: Knowledge of financial products, terms, financial services and financial markets required for personal financial management.•Satisfaction: Satisfaction in context to personal financial components viz. obtaining, saving, borrowing, investment planning.•Tax efficiency: Proper management of financial resources to avail various rebates and concessions thereby reducing tax liability.•Insurance Coverage: Adequate insurance coverage of life, health and property against risks associated.•Retirement Income: Availability of sufficient corpus to maintain the same standard of living in non-earning years.Data Analysis ApproachAnalysis is done using SPSS software 19.0 and Microsoft excel.Description of Analytical Tools•To find out the impact of the demographical variables on household financial planning, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOV A) has been applied for each component identified through literature review and each demographic variable viz. gender, age, income, education, profession and marital status.•To find out the association between financial and socio-economic decisions, Chi square has been applied.•To further analyse the gender impact on economic and social decisions Bivariate Logistic regression is applied where gender is taken as predictor variable and decision taker as outcome variable.4.Managerial ImplicationsThere is significant association between gender and financial objective, knowledge of finance and retirement planning, wherein males agree more to having knowledge and adequate retirement planning.•The older age group (40 – 60 years) disagree more as compared to other age groups when it comes to satisfaction, financial objective, knowledge and retirement planning processes of financial planning.•The higher income group (above 8 lacs) disagree more when it comes to deriving satisfaction from the current PFP, however, the low income group agreed more to tax efficiency as they fall in the tax exempted category.•The non-employed group had less knowledge of the formal financial planning process as compared to the salaried and business groups, and the business class significantly differed from other two groups for retirement planning component.•The marital status is related to several components of PFP, viz. financial objective, knowledge, tax efficiency, and insurance coverage and the categories differ among themselves marginally for these components. However, the divorced category was found to be lacking on the financial objectives and satisfaction part.Looking at the above findings, it became increasingly clear that the typical target group for conducting financial literacy programs would consist of young and middle-aged, females who are home-makers. But the next question was whether they are influential in household decision- making. If they are not typical decision-makers, the training shall not impact the actual decisions taken in the household. Hence, a few significant economic and social decisions of the household were identified and the role of females was studied. The analysis indicated that males play a dominant role in taking economic decisions while females play a leading role in taking social decisions of the household. Hence, the financial literacy programs while targeting the above-mentioned group should especially capture the process of PFP, with a focus on social decisions taken in the household.中文译文：个人理财规划过程与家庭社会经济决策研究摘要在当前时代，随着金融产品的大量激增，以及个人需求的不断上升，理财规划开始变得非常重要。

全周期地方标准实施效果评价方法研究——以DB32

学术研讨全周期地方标准实施效果评价方法研究——以DB32/T 3303-2017为例■ 赵翠杨济如* 曹思齐（江苏省质量和标准化研究院）摘要：实施效果评价是地方标准全生命周期中的重要环节，是开展标准修订工作的重要基础。

文章分析了国内外标准实施效果评价的研究现状，建立了地方标准实施效果评价指标体系，提出在标准制定、实施及效益反馈全周期内开展地方标准综合评价的方法，并以DB32/T 3303-2017为例验证了全周期地方标准实施效果评价方法的有效性。

旨在运用实施效果评价的手段提高地方标准质量，为地方标准实施与修订提供针对性建议。

关键词：地方标准，实施效果评价，评价指标体系，标准制修订DOI编码：10.3969/j.issn.1002-5944.2024.05.004Research on Evaluation Methods of the Implementation Effect of Local Standards in the Whole Cycle—Taking DB32/T 3303-2017 as an ExampleZHAO Cui YANG Ji-ru* CAO Si-qi（Jiangsu Institute of Quality and Standardization）Abstract:The evaluation of implementation effect is an important part of the whole life cycle of local standards, and an important basis for the revision of standards. This paper aims to improve the quality of local standards by means of implementation effect evaluation, and provide targeted suggestions for the implementation and revision of local standards. This paper analyzes the research status of the implementation effect evaluation of standards at home and abroad, establishes the evaluation index system for the implementation effect of local standards, and puts forward the method to carry out the comprehensive evaluation of local standards in the whole cycle of the development, implementation and beneﬁ t feedback of standards. This paper takes DB32/T 3303-2017 as an example to verify the effectiveness of the evaluation method of the implementation effect of local standards in the whole cycle.Keywords: local standard, implementation effect evaluation, evaluation index system, standards development and revision0 引言标准引领是地方步入高质量发展、参与高质量竞争的重要标志，而地方标准实施效果的评价，则是对标准赋能地方高质量发展所起作用的衡量手段，是地方标准优化与改进中的重要一环。

SeniorProjectManager高级项目经理英文

Senior Project Manager高级项目经理英文Name: *** gender : maleBirth : *** telephone : 150***Degree : Bachelor Professional: Information Management and Information SystemExperience : 10years national : HanSchool: ***Universityaddress : ***E-mail : ***Self Assessment:1. Skilled in developing with HTML/JavaScript//C#, experienced in 3-layer system architecture.2. Have a good knowledge of J2EE platform, experienced in Java platform such as struts/spring/hibernate/.3. Expert in programming on SQL Server 2000/SQL Server 2005/Oracle 10g; includes Transact-SQL and PL/SQL, experienced in database design, optimize, database partition and solutions for mess data.4. Expert in project management with good communication skills and soft skills. Good knowledge in software development mode such as scrum, waterfall, RUP and CMMI, and good at putting to use different way to deal with different situation.5. Well-experienced in presales and marketing, and the whole process of tendering and bidding. With good capability on business analysis, requirement understanding and solution design. Good at face-to-face contact with customers.6. Fluent in English, be capable of working in English working environment.Target Job ：Desired Job Category: Project Director | Project Manager/Supervisor | Product Manager | ERP Technical/Application Consultant | IT Manager/SupervisorDesired Job Industry: Software | IT Service/System Integration | Banking | Internet/e-Commerce | Telecommunications (Equipment/Operation/Value-Added Service)Desired Salary: NegotiableDesired City: ***I can start from: within 1 monthWork Experience：Project ManagerResponsibilities and Achievements:1. Responsible for implementing information system according to the business process and management mode of different departments, responsible for requirements collecttion, business analysis, system modeling, architecture design and system implementation with developers;2. Responsible for recruit, interview applicants and group project team;3. As the project manager of the first party, responsible for writing project bidding documents, software requirements specification document; assessing and analyzing candidates bid for projects;4. Responsible for the companys internal IT process formulation and improvement.Achievements:As a project manager of the first party, implemented property management system and enterprise information portal system, optimized the database of the distribution system, and fulfilled the project associating with the developers of the software outsourcing company.2008.2-2010.3 ***Technologies Inc.Senior Project ManagerResponsibilities and Achievements:Job description:As project manager:1. Establish project team based on the estimated workload of projects;2. Communicate with customer face to face, lead project team to investigate, gather, and analyze requirements from users.3. Active participation in system architecture design, database design base on requirements.4. Lead project team into implementing projects.5. Take control with all aspects of projects such as scope, cost, progress and so on, to ensure that the projects are delivered and meet quality standard.As presales consultant:1. Compile project proposal based on RFP, RFI or URS from customers.2. Estimate workload based on requirement from customer, and make quotations according to workload estimates.3. Compile PPT slide for presentations to bid for projects.4. Active participation in competitive bidding process, make presentations before customers to show proposals for projects. Achievements:As a project manager, accomplished several projects for ***and***i, and met with customers approval.As a presales consultant, participated in the bidding process of 14 projects, associated with sales negotiate with customer, gained many project opportunities for the company.2006.2-2008.2 ***Container TerminalsProject ManagerResponsibilities and Achievements:Job description:1. Develop peripheral information system surrounding production system based on operating process and Management Mode of container terminal.2. Assist internal users to analyze requirement and develop information systems.3. As the project manager of the first party, compile RFI or RFP, user requirement of presales phase, assess and analyze candidates bid for projects.Achievements:During working for this company, I accomplished 4 peripheral information systems as a software developer in 2 years, responsible for requirement analysis, architecture design, coding, and test.As a project manager of the first party, participated in 3 open tendering processes and project implementations, includingbusiness statistics system, HR system, work flow system, CRM system, and access control system. Associated with the counterpart of software providers, and had projects accomplished.2004.3-2006.2 *** Software System Co. LtdSenior SoftwareEngineerResponsibilities and Achievements:Job description:1. Communicate with customer, investigate and analyze requirement, compile solutions based on users expectation.2. Design system architectures and database model.3. Lead project team to develop functions.Achievements:During the course of working for this company, accomplished two sets of complete ERP system for a garment factory and an IC manufactory, and developed a sales online platform for a German clothing company. And my English ability improved a lot as a result of working with foreign engineers.Education：2008.2-2010.1 *** UniversityBachelorMajor Category:Information Management and Information SystemMajor Description and Courses:Main course: The programming language, Database management system, Information management, Information management of Managing Strategy, Management information system, Modern Management Science, Intellectual Property Law.。

英语六级听力真题长对话

英语六级听力真题长对话英语六级听力真题（长对话）（通用8篇）随着时间的推移，一年一度的六级考试马上就要到来了。

听力一直是六级考试的难点。

下面是yjbys网店铺提供给大家关于英语六级听力真题(长对话)，供大家参考。

英语六级听力真题长对话篇1Conversation OneM: So how long have you been a Market Research Consultant?W: Well, I started straight after finishing university.M: Did you study market research?W: Yeah, and it really helped me to get into the industry, but I have to say that it's more important to get experience in different types of market research to find out exactly what you're interested in.M: So what are you interested in?W: Well, at the moment, I specialize in quantitative advertising research, which means that I do two types of projects. Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time. The only problem with trackers is that it takes up a lot of your time. But you do build up a good relationship with the client. I also do a couple of ad-hoc jobs which are much shorter projects.M: What exactly do you mean by ad-hoc jobs?W: It's basically when companies need quick answers to their questions about their consumers' habits. They just ask for one questionnaire to be sent out for example, so the time you spend on an ad-hoc project tends to be fairly short.M: Which do you prefer, trackers or ad-hoc?W: I like doing both and in fact I need to do both at the sametime to keep me from going crazy. I need the variety.M: Can you just explain what process you go through with a new client?W: Well, together we decide on the methodology and the objectives of the research. I then design a questionnaire. Once the interviewers have been briefed, I send the client a schedule and then they get back to me with deadlines. Once the final charts and tables are ready, I have to check them and organize a presentation.M: Hmm, one last question, what do you like and dislike about your job?W: As I said, variety is important and as for what I don't like, it has to be the checking of charts and tables.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q1: What position does the woman hold in the company?Q2: What does the woman specialize in at the moment?Q3: What does the woman say about trackers?Q4: What does the woman dislike about her job?Conversation TwoW: Hello, I'm here with Frederick. Now Fred, you went to university in Canada?M: Yeah, that's right.W: OK, and you have very strong views about universities in Canada. Could you please explain?M: Well, we don't have private universities in Canada. They’re all public. All the universities are owned by the government, so there is the Ministry of Education in charge of creating the curriculum for the universities and so there is not much room for flexibility. Since it's a government operatedinstitution, things don't move very fast. If you want something to be done, then their staff do not have so much incentive to help you because he's a worker for the government. So I don't think it's very efficient. However, there are certain advantages of public universities, such as the fees being free. You don't have to pay for your education. But the system isn't efficient, and it does not work that well.W: Yeah, I can see your point, but in the United States we have many private universities, and I think they are large bureaucracies also. Maybe people don't act that much differently, because it’s the same thing working for a private university. They get paid for their job. I don’t know if they're that much more motivated to help people. Also, we have a problem in the United States that usually only wealthy kids go to the best schools and it's kind of a problem actually.M: I agree with you. I think it's a problem because you're not giving equal access to education to everybody. It’s no t easy, but having only public universities also might not be the best solution. Perhaps we can learn from Japan where they have a system of private and public universities. Now, in Japan, public universities are considered to be the best.W: Right. It's the exact opposite in the United States.M: So, as you see, it's very hard to say which one is better.W: Right, a good point.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q5: What does the woman want Frederick to talk about?Q6: What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian universities?Q7: On what point do the speakers agree?Q8: What point does the man make at the end of the conversation?英语六级听力真题长对话篇2Lecture 1The negative impacts of natural disasters can be seen everywhere. In just the past few weeks, the world has witnessed the destructive powers of earthquakes in Indonesia, typhoons in the Philippines, and the destructive sea waves that struck Samoa and neighboring islands.A study by the Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters finds that, between 1980 and 2007, nearly 8,400 natural disasters killed more than two-million people. These catastrophic events caused more than $1.5 trillion in economic losses.U.N. weather expert Geoffrey Love says that is the bad news. "Over the last 50 years, economic losses have increased by a factor of 50. That sounds pretty terrible, but the loss of life has decreased by a factor of 10 simply because we are getting better at warning people. We are making a difference. Extreme events, however, will continue to occur. But, the message is that they may not be disasters."Love, who is director of Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction at the World Meteorological Organization, says most of the deaths and economic losses were caused by weather, climate, or water-related extremes. These include droughts, floods, windstorms, strong tropical winds and wildfires.He says extreme events will continue. But, he says extreme events become disasters only when people fail to prepare for them."Many of the remedies are well-known. From a planning perspective, it is pretty simple. Build better buildings. Don’tbuild where the hazards will destroy them. From an early-warning perspective, make sure the warnings go right down to the community level. Build community action plans. ”The World Meteorological Organization points to Cuba and Bangladesh as examples of countries that have successfully reduced the loss of life caused by natural disasters by taking preventive action.It says tropical cyclones formerly claimed dozens, if not hundreds of lives, each year, in Cuba. But, the development of an early-warning system has reversed that trend. In 2008, Cuba was hit by five successive hurricanes, but only seven people were killed.Bangladesh also has achieved substantial results. Major storm surges in 1970 and 1991 caused the deaths of about 440,000 people. Through careful preparation, the death toll from a super tropical storm in November 2007 was less than 3,500.Q16. What is the talk mainly about?Q17. How can we stop extreme events from turning into events?Q18. What does the example of Cuba serve to show?Lecture 2As U.S. banks recovered with the help of American government and the American taxpayers, president Obama held meetings with top bank execut ives, telling them it’s time to return the favor. “The way I see it are banks now having a greater obligation to the goal of a wide recovery,” he said. But the president may be giving the financial sector too much credit. “It was in a free fall, and it was a very scary period.” Economist Martin Neil Baily said. After the failure of Lehman Brothers, many of the world’s largest banks feared the worst as the collapse ofthe housing bubble exposed in investments in risky loans.Although he says the worst is just over, Bailey says the banking crisis is not. More than 130 US banks failed in 2009. He predicts high failure rates for smaller, regional banks in 2010 as commercial real estate loans come due."So there may actually be a worsening of credit availability to small and medium sized businesses in the next year or so."Analysts say the biggest problem is high unemployment, which weakens demand and makes banks reluctant to lend. But US Bankcorp chief Richard Davis sees the situation differently."We're probably more optimistic than the experts might be.With that in mind, we're putting everything we can, lending is the coal to our engine, so we want to make more loans. We have to find a way to qualify more people and not put ourselves at risk."While some economists predict continued recovery in the future, Baily says the only certainty is that banks are unlikely to make the same mistakes - twice. "You know, forecasting's become a very hazardous business so I don't want to commit myself too much. I don't think we know exactly what's going to happen but it's certainly possible that we could get very slow growth over the next year or two.”If the economy starts to shrink again, Baily says it would make a strong case for a second stimulus -- something the Obama administration hopes will not be necessary.Q19. What dose president Obama hope the banks will do?Q20. What is Martin Neil Baily’s prediction about the financial situation in the future?Q21. What does U.S. Bankcorp chief Richard Davis say about its future operation?Q22. What does Martin Neil Baily think of a second stimulus to the economy?英语六级听力真题长对话篇3Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer. from the fourchoices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

注释英文-

注释英文的英文注释比较长，以下是一些示范：1. Evolutionary history and phylogenetic relationships of ancient amphibians.Explanation: This title refers to a scientific study that investigates the evolutionary history and relationships among ancient amphibian species, using a method called phylogenetics.2. The role of serotonin in the regulation of appetite and mood.Explanation: This title suggests a research study examining the function of serotonin, a neurotransmitter, on both appetite and mood regulation.3. Analysis of corporate social responsibility practices in the banking industry.Explanation: This title refers to a research project that examines the practices of corporate social responsibility within the banking industry, focusing on how these practices affect society and the environment.4. The effects of climate change on the behavior and ecology of migratory birds.Explanation: This title suggests a study investigating the impact of climate change on the behavior and ecology of migratory birds, including how changes in temperature and precipitation patterns affect their migration and population sizes.5. A comparative analysis of language acquisition in monolingual and bilingual infants.Explanation: This title refers to a research project that compares the language acquisition abilities of infants who are exposed to one language versus those exposed to two or more languages, with a focus on how this exposure impacts their learning and development.6. The impact of social media on mental health among young adults.Explanation: This title suggests a study examining how the use of social media affects the mental health of young adults, including the potential for increased anxiety, depression, and addiction.7. The relationship between physical activity and cognitive function in older adults.Explanation: This title refers to a research project investigating the link between physical activity and cognitive abilities among older adults, examining how exercise impacts memory, attention, and other cognitive functions.8. An analysis of genetic variations in the coding region of the human genome.Explanation: This title suggests a study examining genetic variations within the coding region of the human genome, using techniques such as genome sequencing and bioinformatics.9. The role of dopamine in reward processing and addiction.Explanation: This title refers to a scientific study investigating the function of dopamine, a neurotransmitter, in reward processing and addiction, including how drugs of abuse hijack the brain's dopamine system.10. The effect of mindfulness meditation on stress and anxiety in college students.Explanation: This title suggests a research study investigating how mindfulness meditation impacts stress and anxiety levels among college students, including whether this practice can help improve mental health and well-being.。

投资于早期儿童发育

DECRG - 人力资源开发与公共服务研究生命早期的严重营养不良和认知能力缺陷使发展中国家的许多儿童只能取得较低的教育成果，具有较低的经济生产率。

研究表明，在学龄前阶段（以及越早越好）进行的营养投资可以取得明显的长期人力资本和经济收益。

投资于早期儿童发育2006年8月，Harold Alderman和Elizabeth M. King许多发展中国家的儿童都在生命的早期阶段面临严重的营养不良和认知缺陷。

有关的估计表明，在发展中国家的所有儿童中，有八分之一的儿童在出生时就营养不良（体重不足2.5公斤），有相当大比例的儿童（在低收入国家中占47%）在五岁之前一直营养不良。

这些数字令人非常不安的原因是，在一个儿童两岁之后仍然发生作用的营养不良的影响是很难扭转的。

[1]早期营养不良消弱儿童的身体和认知能力潜力，甚至他们的非认知特性，如能动性和持续性，因此严重影响他们未来的健康、教育成就、以及社会经济成就。

[2]早期儿童发育（ECD）的持久收益从一出生开始就改善营养，可以为一生带来源源不断的收益。

有关的估计表明，预防生育体重为2.5公斤或不足2.5公斤的儿童可以产生510美元的经济收益，其中有40%是因为预防过低的出生体重而提高了儿童的认知能力和生产率产生的结果。

[3]在厄瓜多尔的学龄前儿童中，用提高血色素水平来衡量的营养的改善可以改善用儿童考试成绩来衡量的认知能力发育的改善。

另外，这种相关联系在年龄较大的儿童样本中（四岁半和四岁半以上）比在年龄较小的儿童样本中（三岁至四岁半）更明显。

这表明，营养和认知能力发育之间的联系随着儿童的年龄增长而变得越来越明显。

[4]在菲律宾的学龄前儿童中，一个标准偏差的身高增长提高了他们数年后的考试成绩分数。

这个增长相当于完成了另外八个月的学校教育，并意味着三或更高的效益成本比。

[5]在津巴布韦的学龄前儿童中，如果一个中位学龄前儿童的身高相当于发达国家的中位学龄前儿童的身高的话，这个儿童青春期的身高将提高3.4厘米，并将多完成0.85年级的学校教育。