美国的个人主义和中国的集体主义对比 (自动保存的)

摘要

人类进入21世纪后，过于国之间的文化交流越来越紧密，不同文化之间开始进行交流，从而促进国家间的发展与进步。

跨文化的交际也是一种普遍现象。中西方在文化维度上存

在着很大的差异。美国人崇尚个人主义，而中国人崇尚集体主义。

美国人的个人主义文化认为人们应该关心他们自己和独立，自我意识很重要，个人可以做任何他们想做的事，他们崇尚自由和权利。而中国人的集体主义强调集体，集体主义重视和谐而避免直接的冲突，他们强调与他人建立友好的关系.

关键词：个人主义,集体主义

Abstract

Since human beings entered 21th century, cultural communication in different countries is more and more closely. Different cultures begin to communicate so that it can promote development and process of countries.

International communication in business has been a common phenomenon. Culture between Chinese and Western has a great different. Americans have faith with individualism, Chinese have faith with collectivism. Individualistic culture of America believes that people are supposed to take care of themselves and remain emotional independence of groups, organizations or other collectives.

Self-emphasis is important. Individuals can do whatever they want, and their freedom and rights are of necessary values. However, collectivist culture of China emphasizes the in group. Collectivists value harmony and avoid direct confrontation. They emphasize building friendly relationships with others.

The key words: Individualism and Collectivism

The comparison between American

individualism and Chinese collectivism

1.1 The concepts of individualism and collectivism

Since the beginning of recorded time, people with the diffident cultural backgrounds have been in communication. They met to trade, marry or make war .Generally speaking, trading and cultural exchange have been their major aims.

Where there is international business, there is intercultural communications .there is a famous saying: good ideals travel easily and far along trade routes.

From the late 1960s to the early 1970s, the predict has been fact that the world became the Earth village. Different cultures begin to be communicated with by different countries.

Starting in the 1960s, a new field of training intercultural communication was born .its primary goal was train people from different cultures to get along better ways one another ( Hofstede,002) Actually, the discipline of intercultural communication came into existence in the United States in the 1920s and 1930s. However, more and more scholars began to get themselves involved in this new discipline in the following years as a result of the fast changes in the fabric of world of social relationships. With more and more research results having been achieved published, many people have realized that it is both important and necessary for the people in the world to learn about intercultural communication for the sake of good communication and business.

Today the need to develop intercultural awareness is more urgent than ever. The amazingly rapid development of science and technology in the areas of transportation and communication systems has brought about the economic globalization in a fast way. Because of the global boom, more and more businesses now get involved in international activities, which require the ability to communicate across cultures.