北京大学出版《英美文化与习俗》重点与课后答案

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英美文化课后答案 Chapter 6 Social Life and Customs

英美文化课后答案6Lecture 6 Social Life and CustomsT ell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1-10: FFFTT/FFTFT 11-20: FFFFF/TTTTT 21-29: FTFFF/FTFTFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. the public opinion; people’s morals, rule2. The Times; The Guardian; The Daily Telegraph; The Observer3. The Guardian; the Labor Party; the Conservative4. Football Association5. flat racing; hurdle racing6. American Football Conference, National Football Conference7. The New York Times; The Washington post; The Wall Street Journal; The Los Angeles Times8.2.25 million 9. candy 10. bonfires; jack-o’-lanterns 11. Football Association 12. steeplechase 13. 16 or 17 14. during the July to September quarter 15. The British LibraryChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1-10: BBDAC/DDCCA11-20: BDBCD/CCADC 21-30: DABDC/ DACBDExplain the following terms.1. TabloidTabloids always deal in some scandals and gossip of the famous people in politic s, sports or entertainment.2. BBCFor a long period, the only television programs in Britain were produced by the BBC, the British Broadcasting Company, which was funded by the sale of TV licenses. The BBC was sponsored by the national government, which broadcasts radio and television programs for domestic and foreign markets.3. WimbledonWimbledon is the place now where the best tennis players gather to compete for a championship. It is a suburb of London. The Wimbledon Cup is one of the major sports events in Britain and probably the most famous tennis event in the world.4. Horse racingHorse racing is the true sport of British Kings and Queens. The two types of horse racing are flat racing and hurdle racing. Flat racing is racing where horse riders compete on a flat track. Hurdle racing is racing across the countryside or around the obstacles encountered.5. ChristmasChristmas is celebrated on December 25 and is the greatest of the Christian festivals. Christmas is a religious holiday during which Christians commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ. There are three traditions for Christmas Day in Britain. The first is Christmas Pantomime, which is a comical musical play. Another tradition on Christmas is to hear the Queen of Britain give her Christmas message through television and radio. The third British tradition is Boxing Day whichis the day after Christmas.6. USA TodayOf all the newspapers, the most widely circulated paper in the United States is USA Today averaging over 2.25 million copies every weekday.7. All-Star GameIt is the game in which the best players from basketball teams from the eastern and western divisions display their skills. It begins in mid-February.8. ThanksgivingThanksgiving always occurs on the fourth Thursday in November at the end of the harvest season. It is a festival to express thanks for the year’s harvest. On Thanksgiving Day family members always gather for a rich dinner of roast turkey with stuffing, sweet potatoes and pumpkin pie, which are traditional foods eaten on the first Thanksgiving.9. HalloweenHalloween is celebrated on October 31st, shortened from All-Hallows-Eve, the night when the ghosts of the dead walked around. Halloween activities include trick-or-treating, bonfires, costume parties, carving jack-o'-lanterns, haunted houses, reading scary stories and watching horror movies.10. Trick-or-treatingOn this day the children will dress like the character of a book or movie and go “trick-or-treating”. Children knock on neighbors’ doors asking for candy as a treat.Short Answer Questions1.These magazines often contain short stories and serials of strong romantic interest, as well aspractical advice and hints for housewives.2.These are terms which refer to the size of the paper: broadsheet being double the size tabloid.However, the term “tabloid” is traditionally associated with the popular press and concentrates on entertainment; broadsheet is associated with the quality press and places its emphasis on information and analysis.3.In the nineteenth century, students at Oxford and Cambridge, Britain’s two oldest universities,were huge fans of rowing. In 1829, the two schools agreed to hold a race against each other for the first time on the Thames River. The oxford boat won and a tradition was born.4.Shakespeare’s famous plays include tragedies, such as Hamlet (1603), Othello(1604), andKing Lear (1605); comedies, such as A midsummer Night’s Dream(1594-96) and Twelfth Night (1602); and history plays, such as Henry IV, part 1 – 2.5.Rugby League is played mainly in the north of England, and Rugby Union is played in therest of England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. The main difference between the two is that the former (which used to be strictly amateur) is played with teams of 15 players, and the latter (which is played by amateurs and professionals) has 13 players to a team.。

英美文化课后答案 Chapter 2 History

英美文化课后答案2Lecture 2 HistoryTell wheher each of the following statements is true or false1-10: FTTFT/TFTFF 11-20: FTTTF/FTTFFFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. Celt2. Romans3.5th4. Viking; 10665. Hundred Years’ War6. York7. divorce8.11 9. Elizabeth I; Queen Victoria 10. America 11. 1492 12. Virginia; 1607 13. Thanksgiving Day 14. 13 15. Declaration of Independence 16. 4th of July 17. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 18. 1865 19. World War I 20. World War II 21. Puritans, religious, Mayflower 22. Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence, National Day 23. Monroe Doctrine, colonize, interfere 24. agrarian, industrial, Andrew Jackson 25. Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, slavery 26. 1932, recovery, New DealChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in text.1-10: ABDCD/CBDAB 11-20: CBDCB/DCADD 21-30: BDABA/DCBCBExplain the following terms.1. The Anglo-SaxonsIn the 5th century, the tribes called the Angles and Saxons invaded Britain, coming from northern Europe. By the end of the 5th century, the Anglo-Saxons ruled most of Britain. Their language was called Old English. From them comes the name of “England” and “English”; England came from “Angle-land” meaning the land of the Anglo-Saxons.2. Norman ConquestAfter King Edward died, Duke William of Normandy, from northern France, declared that Edward had promised to let him become the king. On October 14, 1066, William and his army invaded England and defeated the English army. He was made king and crowned in Westminster Abby on Christmas Day, 1066. William is often referred to as William the Conqueror in English history.3. Robin HoodEngland's best-loved legend of Robin Hood is an outlawed Saxon nobleman oppressed by the Normans. He hid i n the forest near Sherwood with his band of followers, called “merry men”. From this secret wood, they went out to rob from the rich to give to the poor with their longbows. Robin Hood has been a popular subject of numerous films, television series, books, comics and plays.4. The Hundred Years’ WarAt the beginning of the 14th century, England developed into a stronger state in Europe. Consequently, the rich wanted to control more markets and the nobles wanted to regain their lost land. When King Edward III of England declared that he should become the French king, the French rejected his claim so he declared war on France in 1337. The war lasted intermittently for116 years, hence being known as the Hundred Years’ War.5. The Civil WarIn January 1642 the Civil War broke out between the Roundheads (supporters of Parliament) and the Cavaliers (supporters of the King). The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary victory and it led to the execution of Charles I, and his son Charles II was driven out of the country in 1649. In addition to that, Oliver Cromwell, the leader of the Roundheads,formed republican England, known as the Commonwealth of England and the English monarchy was abolished.6. American IndiansThe American Indians were the descendants of t he Mongoloid. The name “Indians” was given by Columbus when he mistook them for the people of India. It is believed that about 25,000 years ago the Indians crossed the Bering Strait land bridge to Alaska. The American Indians developed the brilliant civilizations of the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas.7. Columbus’ “discovery ” of AmericaIn 1492, Columbus persuaded the king and queen of Spain to finance his voyage. He believed that by sailing west from Europe, he could reach India. Columbus failed to reach India but landed at one of the Caribbean islands instead. He mistook these islands for part of India and called the local people Indians.8. The MayflowerThe Mayflower has a famous position in American history as a symbol of early European colonization. With their religion oppressed by the Church of England, in the autumn of 1620, 102 people sailed to the New World in a ship named the “Mayflower”. Late in December, the Mayflower finally landed in what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.9. Declaration of IndependenceOn July 2, 1776, the Congress finally determined that these United Colonies ought to be free and independent states. Thomas Jefferson, assisted by Benjamin Franklin, drafted the Declaration of Independence, which the Congress adopted on July 4, 1776. It announced the independence of 13 North American colonies and the birth of a new nation.10. Abraham LincolnIn March 1861 Abraham Lincoln took the office of president. He realized that by making the war a battle against slavery, he could win support for the Union at home and abroad. On January 1, 1863, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which granted freedom to all slaves.11. William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare (1564-1616): English playwright and poet, whose body of works is considered as the greatest in English literature. His plays, many of which were performed at the Globe Theater in London, include historical works, comedies and tragedies. He also composed 154 sonnets and 36 plays.12. Sir Francis BaconSir Francis Bacon (1561-1626): English philosopher, essayist, courtier, jurist, and statesman. His writings include The Advancement of Learning (1605) and The Novum Organum (1620), in which he proposed a theory of scientific knowledge based on observation and experimentation that came to be known as the inductive method.13. Gunpowder PlotGunpowder Plot: Conspiracy of a group of English Catholics to blow up the Houses of parliament where King James I was present on 5 November, 1605. The plan was discovered and Guy Fawkes was caught and burnt alive. In England, 5 November is celebrated with bonfires, fireworks and the burning of the effigies.14. Great Fire of LondonGreat Fire of London (2-5 September, 1666): Worst fire in London’s history. It destroyed a large part of the city, including most of the civic buildings, St. Paul’s Cathedral, 87 parish churches, and about 13,000 houses. It began accidentally at the house of the king’s baker in Pudding Lane near London Bridge.15. Suez Canal CrisisSuez Canal Crisis: A major international incident that arose in 1956 from the decision by Gamal A. Nasser, President of Egypt, to nationalize the Suez Canal, which long had been controlled by Great Britain. After Nasser took over the canal, Britain and France induced Israel to provoke a conflict with Egypt that would serve as a pretext for an Anglo-French invasion of Egypt. The United States, which had been excluded from the planned invasion, denounced it. The incident severely damaged Anglo-American relations.16. John MajorJohn Major (1943- ): British banker and conservative politician, who served as Prime Minister from 1990 to 1997. during this administration, he advocated privatization, anti-inflationary budget discipline, and negotiations for peace in Northern Ireland.17. the First Continental CongressIn September 1774, 55 representatives from all the colonies except Georgia held a meeting in Philadelphia to talk about their troubles with their mother country. The meeting was called the First Continental Congress. At the meeting the majority of representatives still thought they could settle their quarrel with the British by peaceful means. They agreed to refuse to buy British goods, hoping in this way to force the British Government to give in to their demands. They also agreed to raise a volunteer army to protect the colonies if Britain used force to break the boycott.18. Louisiana PurchaseThe most glorious achievement of Jefferson as President was the Louisiana Purchase. The Louisiana Purchase, in 1803, gave Western farmer use of the important Mississippi River waterway, removed the French presence from the western border of US, provided US farmers with vast expanses of land, and furthered American leaders’ vision of creating a “Great Nation”.19. US-Spanish WarThe US-Spanish War broke out in April, 1898, lasted for only 70 days and ended with US as the victor. A peace treaty was signed in December 1898 in Paris. As a result of the war, Spain was forced to cede her former colonies Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines to US; US agreed to pay 20 million dollars for them in an attempt to put a good face on its foreign expansion. Cuba remained a US “protectorate”for some years, while the Philippines were not granted its independence until after the end of WW I. US seized Hawaii from Spain after the US-Spanish War. The US-Spanish War was the first imperialist war for re-dividing the world. It marked a new stage in which US transformed into an imperialist power. From that time the US began its modern history.20. roaring twentiesThe expression of “roaring twenties” is often used to describe the period of American life. The roaring twenties ushered in an exciting time of social change and economic prosperity, as the recession at the end of WW II was quickly replaced by an unprecedented period of financial growth. The stock market soared to unimaginable heights because of the so-called Second Industrial Revolution at the turn of the 20th century, which saw the development of new inventions and machines that changed American society drastically.21. Wathergate ScandalIn the presidential election year 1972, five men of the Committee for the Reelection of the President broke into the Democratic national headquarters at the Water Hotel, Washington, D.C., where they planted bugs in order to get information for the Committee. But unfortunately they were arrested. Although it was never approved that Nixon planned the Watergate break-in or that he ever knew about it beforehand, he was eventually forced out of office because he was found guilty for his effort to avoid the investigation and disclosures.。

英美文化课后答案 Chapter 4 Religion

Chapter 4 ReligionTell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1-10: TFTFF/TFFTT 11-20: TFFTF/TTFTF 21-28: TFTTF/FTFFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. salad bowl2. Christian3. Catholics; Protestants4. Protestants5. Westminster Cathedral6. William Shakespeare7. St. Paul‟s8. 389. the needy; the weak 10. “help yourself” 11. tolerance; acceptance 12. The Roman Catholic Church; the Protestant Church 13. White Anglo-Saxon Protestants 14. John F. Kennedy 15. Jesus‟ birthday16. Silent Night 17. The Last Supper 18. the Bill of Rights 19. Self-improvement 20. Christian 21. archbishop 22. direct 23. Reformed 24. monarchs 25. Reformation, supremacy 26. presbyteries, bishops 27. Act of Settlement 28. Church and State 29. Bible, prayer 30. Fundamentalism; Protestant 31. secularization 32. fundamentalist churches 33. new evangelism 34. melting potChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1-10: DBACC/DCBDD 11-20: CDACB/BDCBAExplain the following terms.1. The ReformationThe Reformation refers to a period of time in the history. In 1517, a German monk, Martin Luther, led the breakaway from the Roman Catholic Church. The new Christians called themselves …Protestants‟ because they were protesting against the teachings and customs of the Roman Catholic Church. Their demand for reform led to this period in history called the Reformation, which later spread all over the European continent.2. PuritanismPuritanism is a church broken away from the Protestant Church. Puritans objected that the Protestant Church of England had not moved far enough away from the Roman Catholic Church. They do not have archbishops and their services and the decoration of their churches are very simple. At the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century, many Puritans suffered from persecution from the Church of England. Then, to seek freedom to practice their own religion, they escaped to the New World, where they set up a new nation later: the United States of America.3. The Church of EnglandThe Church of England came into being during the Reformation of the 16th century. It is the state religion of the U.K. It is the most important denomination in the U.K.. The monarch is head of the Church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury of the Church of England is regarded as the spiritual leader. Today it is characterized by being both Catholic and Protestant. The Church of England plays an active role in national life.4. WorshipWorship is a form of Christian service. Attending religious services provides an opportunityto glorify God among a gathering of fellow believers. Most services tend to involve prayers, singing, bible reading and possibly a sermon. Christians can worship together in public or on their own in private. The main day on which Christians gather together to worship God is on a Sunday. Other forms of worships include baptisms, weddings and funerals.5. CharityCharity means the giving of help to those in need. The Roman Catholic Church believes that God brought love to the world, so humankind should do good deeds in return to keep the world a nice place to live in. In its earliest days the Roman Catholic Church met the needs of the lower classes. It taught people to work hard as a way to salvation. The church also called for charitable work, giving help to the needy and protecting the weak. It is still regarded as a moral obligation to help the poor, the elderly and the handicapped, and so on.6.Melting PotThe melting pot is an expression used to describe societies experiencing large scale immigration from many different countries, just like the U.S., where people of different cultures, races and religions are combined so as to develop a multi-ethnic society.7.WASP"WASP" stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant. It is considered the basis of the mainstream culture of the United States. The people who settled in the 13 North American colonies were mostly white European Protestant believers. The United States was founded and formed largely by Protestants.8.Self-improvementSelf-improvement is one of the most important values mainly held by Protestants in the U.S. Instead of going to priests for forgiveness of their sins, individuals get guidance, forgiveness, and grace directly from God in order to improve themselve s. Some Protestants‟ lives are changed through this. Others believe a relationship with God will improve their lives and will lead them to Heaven after death. Because of these Protestant ideas about personal religion even non-religious Americans often actively seek personal growth and self-improvement.9.V olunteerismUnpaid service is common in American social life. People think helping others is a way of self-improvement. Individuals make themselves into better persons by contributing some of their time or money to charity, education and religion. This philosophy is called volunteerism. Many Americans believe that they should show their love to people in need by devoting part of their time and wealth. This idea comes from the Christian belief that if you love God, you will also love your neighbors.10. PresbyterianPresbyterian: a member of a branch of the Christian Protestant Church that is the national Church of Scotland.11. EpiscopalEpiscopal: (of a Christian Church) that is governed by bishops.12. AnglicanAnglican: a member of the Church of England or of a Church connected with it in another country.13. KirkKirk: a name often used for the official Church of Scotland.14. diocesediocese: a district for which a bishop is responsible.15. secularismsecularism: the belief that religion should not be involved in the organization of society, education, etc.16. Non-conformistNon-conformist: a member of a Protestant Church that does not follow the beliefs and practices of the Anglican Church.17. fundamentalismFundamentalism refers to a belief in, and strict adherence to, a set of basic principles. It was originally coined to describe a narrowly defined set of beliefs that developed into a movement within the Protestant community of the United States in the early part of the 20th century.18. religious pluralismReligious pluralism is a loosely defined expression concerning acceptance of different religions. It is used as the name of the worldview according to which one‟s religion is not the sole and exclusive source of truth, and thus that at least some truths and true values exist in other religions.19. cyber churchCyber church is the extension the church universal into cyberspace. It includes different aspects of Christian community online, especially by those who view this phenomenon as a subset of emerging church, the developing expressions of the faith in relation to culture change.Translation1.Christianity was first introduced into Britain by the Romans in the first century BC.2.Before the 20th century, Judaism had been the only important non-Christian religion in Britain.3.British society was more tolerant of Jews than most other European nations.4.After the Reformation, the Roman Catholic Church in Britain experienced much persecutionand discrimination, and had difficulties in surviving.5.It may take diocesan bishops a number of years before they qualify to take their seat.Questions for Discussion1.Christian Churches: Protestants, Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox Churches.2.The fate of America has from the very beginning been closely linked to notions of religiousdestiny. The Puritans presented themselves as God‟s Chosen People, searching for the Promised Land. Although the Constitution declares the separation of Church and State, religion has always pervaded American political life. During inaugural ceremonies, U.S.presidents take the oath of office on the Bible. Almost all American presidents have claimed affiliation with an established church.3.New telecommunication technologies would boost cyber churches –especially amongprofessionals, baby boomers, and perhaps large segments of the elderly in the U.S. One can find religious news and chat groups abound on the Net. Currently, Christian denominations, especially Roman Catholics, dominate cyberspace, accounting for almost 80% of the 10 million or so websites devoted to religion. Recently, an increasing number of religious organizations are using computer technology to spread their message via the Internet to people everywhere in the world.。

英美文化概论答案第一份

英美文化概论答案第一份(总20页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--1、In the format of western names,which name is put first( )A、Family nameB、Last nameC、SurnameD、First name正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分2Bill is the short version of ( ).A、WilliamB、StevenC、RobertD、Richard正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分3There is only one given name in western name.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Which one is not the key aspect of Chinese culture( )A、Chinese foodB、Spring FestivelC、Chinese medicineD、Football正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分4Culture is the beliefs, ( ) and way-of-life of a community or society.A、traditionsB、habitsC、customsD、costumes正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分5Chinese culture is better than American culture.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Topography of the USA已完成成绩：分6( ) and Hawaii are seperated from American mainland.A、ColoradoB、IndianaC、AlabamaD、Alaska正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分7The two significant mountain ranges of American are ( ) and Appalachian Mountains.A、Rocky MountainsB、Andes MountainsC、Alps MountainsD、Atlas Mountains正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分8Which is the largest states by population( )A、TexasB、New YorkC、CaliforniaD、Florida正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分9Boston is on the West Coast of America.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Three icons of America已完成成绩：分10Why is Yellowstone National Park important( )A、Because it is the first national park in the world.B、Because it is in America.C、Because it is the biggest national park in America.D、Because it is the first national park in America.正确答案： A 我的答案：D得分：分11Washington, Jefferson, () and Lincoln's faces are made on the Mount Rushmore.( )A、MadisonB、RooseveltC、KennedyD、Adams正确答案： B 我的答案：C得分：分12Which country provided the Statue of Liberty to America( )A、The United KingdomB、CanadaC、AustraliaD、France正确答案： D 我的答案：DComparison of the USA and China已完成成绩：分13Which is not the major environment issues of America( )A、Air pollutionB、Water shortageC、Loss of agricultural landD、desertification正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分14Which one is wrong, about the geography of America and China( )A、China has more railways than America.B、America has two neighbour countries, Canada and Mexico.C、Both America and China's climates vary greatly.D、America's land is less than China's, but water in America is more than China.正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分15The most fresh water used in China is in ( ).A、DomesticB、IndustryC、LivestockD、Agriculture正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分16In 2013, the population of China is about ( ) more than that of America.A、3 timesB、4 timesC、5 timesD、6 times正确答案： B 我的答案：C得分：分17The total area of China is bigger than America.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分18America's population growth rate is lower than China's.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Comparison of the USA and China 2已完成成绩：分19The first three ethnic groups in the USA are ( ).A、White, Hispanic and BlackB、White, Black and HispanicC、White, Black and AsianD、White, Asian and Black正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分20In China, the life expectancy is ( ) years.A、70B、72C、75D、79正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分211 kilogram is ( ) pounds.A、B、C、D、正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分22All the countries in the world adopt the metric system, except ( ), Myanmar and Liberia.A、the UKB、the USAC、FranceD、Japan正确答案： B 我的答案：C得分：分23Everyone in America and China can read and write.( )正确答案：×我的答案：√24Which country is the second largest economy in the world( )A、ChinaB、JapanC、South KoreaD、Germany正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分25Which one of following is not an American company( )A、GoogleB、CocaColaC、FacebookD、Airbus正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分26Per capita means a person.( )正确答案：√我的答案：√Comparison of the USA and China已完成成绩：分27According to the 2013 statistics, which one of the following is wrong( )A、The smallest part in the economic structure of developed countries is agriculture.B、The biggest part of GDP composition in America is Services.C、In 2013, GDP growth rate in America is higher than that in China.D、In 2013, America's inflation rate is lower than China's.正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分28Which one is right about the labour force in America and China( )A、Most of American labour force are in services.B、Both America and China have the least labour force in agriculture.C、Most Chinese labour force are in agriculture.D、American labour force is more than Chinese.正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：分29( ) is most used for the electricity production in the USA and China.A、WaterB、NuclearC、WindD、Coal正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分30The UAS and ( ) is the major export markets of China.A、CanadaB、MexicoC、JapanD、South Korea正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分31Both American and Chinese governments have significant direct involvement in theeconomy.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分32Now services in China grows very fast.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×得分：分33The poverty lines in America and China are the same.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Agriculture in the USA已完成成绩：分34( ), Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma and California have the most farms in the USA.A、ArizonaB、MarylandC、TexasD、Nevada正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分35Which one is wrong about the American agriculture( )A、Large family farms are much more productive.B、In 2000, farm jobs are very few in America.C、Most income of farm households is from non-farm sources.D、In America, all farmers have jobs in cities.正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分36In 2012, the top 5 agricultural commodities of America are ( ), cattle, soybeans, dairy products and chickens for meat.A、CornB、PotatoC、TomatoD、Cotton正确答案： A 我的答案：D得分：分3796% of the farmers are black people.( )正确答案：×我的答案：√得分：分38In 2008, most of American agriculture imports were from China.( )正确答案：×我的答案：√Global Financial Crisis已完成成绩：分39Recession is ( ) of negative GDP growth.A、1 quarterB、2 quartersC、3 quartersD、4 quarters正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分40The GFC Recession started in ( ).A、the USAB、the UKC、JapanD、France正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分41The cause of the GFC Recession in 2007 was ( ).A、Stock bubble burstB、Property bubble burstC、Dotcom bubble burstD、Asset price bubble burst正确答案： B 我的答案：D得分：分42Which one of following is wrong about the GFC Recession ( )A、Banks stopped lending.B、Companies cut jobs.C、Stock market crashed.D、People got more job opportunity.正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分43China was not affected much by the GFC Recession.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×A Hero and a Villain已完成成绩：分44Bernie Madoff's clients lost about ( ) billion dollars.A、10B、20C、30D、40正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：分45The New York magzine called Bernie Madoff ( ).A、VillainB、HeroC、MonsterD、Saviour正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分46Warren Buffett was born in a rich family.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Discovery of the 'New World'已完成成绩：分47The main European power was Spain, France, ( ) and Great Britain.A、ItalyB、PortugalC、RussiaD、Germany正确答案： B 我的答案：A得分：分48Christopher Columbus was the first person to cross the ( ) Ocean.A、PacificB、IndianC、ArcticD、Atlantic正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分49Christopher Columbus did 5 voyages between 1492 and 1503.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分British Colonies已完成成绩：分50The Britain founded ( ) colonies along the East Coast in America.A、11B、12C、13D、14正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分51The first fight between local people and British soldiers was at ( ).A、Washington .B、New YorkC、BostonD、Lexington and Concord正确答案： D 我的答案：C得分：分52John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston, Thomas Jefferson and ( ) wrote The Declaration of Independence.A、Benjamin FranklinB、Abraham LincolnC、George WashingtonD、Paul Revere正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分53British people migrated to America with the ship called Mayflower in 1620.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×得分：分54The Declaration of Independence was made in 1775.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×American War of independence已完成成绩：分55The war of Independence was between ( ).A、America and FranceB、America and HollandC、America and SpainD、America and Britain正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分56In 1778, ( ) signed Treaty of Alliance with America.A、SpainB、HollandC、FranceD、Britain正确答案： C 我的答案：D得分：分57Britain won the Battle of Yorktown.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Building the New Nation已完成成绩：分58The first constitution, Article of Confederation was made in ( ).A、1778B、1779C、1780D、1781正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分59The first president of Amercia was ( ).A、George WashingtonB、Abraham LincolnC、Benjamin FranklinD、Thomas Jefferson正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分60Alexander Hamilton was the first Secretary of ( ) of America.A、StateB、LawC、TreasuryD、War正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分61There were ( ) Chief Justice in the Supreme Court.A、1B、3C、8D、9正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：分62Thomas Paine was born in France.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×A Hero, Traitor and Genius已完成成绩：分63George Washington declared ( )A、Thanksgiving DayB、ChristmasC、HalloweenD、New Year's Day正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：分64Which one is right about George Washington( )A、He was graduated from college.B、He had three children.C、He had no experience in military action.D、He was revered as the "Father of the United States".正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分65Which one is wrong about Benjamin Franklin( )A、He was also a Doctor.B、He loved reading.C、He started the first public library in Philadelphia.D、He was 81 when he went to the Constitutional Convention.正确答案： A 我的答案：C得分：分66Which document was not signed by Benjamin Franklin( )A、The Declaration of IndependenceB、Treaty with FranceC、Peace TreatyD、Article of Confederation正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分67During the War of Independence, Benedict Arnold sold military secrets to France.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分68Benjamin Franklin was born in a rich family and well educated.（）正确答案：×我的答案：×Timeline of Major Events (1800-1899)已完成成绩：分69The first railway was built in ( ).A、1827B、1828C、1829D、1830正确答案： B 我的答案：D得分：分70The war with Mexico was started in ( ).A、1846B、1847C、1848D、1849正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分71The first telephone line was built in 1877.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×Territorial Expansion已完成成绩：分72America purchased Louisiana Territory with ( ) million dollars from France.A、2B、5C、10D、15正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分73The USA purchased Florida from ( ).A、SpainB、the UKC、FranceD、Italy正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分74Texas was the ( ) state of America.A、26thB、27thC、28thD、29th正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：分75Which one is wrong about Hawaii( )A、It is in the Atlantic Ocean.B、There are 8 main islands.C、It is the 50th states of America.D、America took over Hawaii government from the local king.正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分76Before America purchased it,Alaska was belong to Mexico.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分77The largest city in Alaska is Anchorage, which is also the capital city.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×The American Civil War已完成成绩：分78The Civil War started in ( ).A、1861B、1862C、1863D、1864正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分79Which was wrong about the Civil War( )A、America was kept as one country.B、Slavery was abolished.C、After the Battle of Gettysburg, the North started to win.D、The South was strong in "hard power".正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分80Which one of following is wrong about Abraham Lincoln( )A、He was the 16th president of America.B、He was killed in 1865 when the Civil War was just finished.C、He was a businessman and then became politician.D、He was born in a poor farm family.正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分81In the Civil War, the North was weak, and the South was strong.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分82Modern weapons were used in the Civil War.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×得分：分83In the Civil War, the North lost more people than the South.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×84Which one is wrong about the American political system( )A、The government is small.B、Leaders are educated.C、There are many traditions.D、The society is classless.正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：分85Which one is wrong about Thomas Edison( )A、He was educated in school.B、His first job is telegraph operator.C、He had many patents.D、He invented electric light bulb.正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分86Which one is wrong about John D. Rockefeller( ).A、General Electric is one of his companies.B、At first, he worked as a bookkeeper.C、When he was 20, he started his own company.D、He donated all his money to the Rockefeller Foundation.正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分87Because the northern America is cold, James Naismith invented basketball which is a goodsport for winter.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×Timeline of Major Events (1900-2014)已完成成绩：分88The first long distance telephone was built in ( ).A、1915B、1916C、1917D、1918正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分89In ( ), the first humans walked on the moon.A、1967B、1968C、1969正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：分90President Nixon visited China in ( ).A、1971B、1972C、1973D、1974正确答案： B 我的答案：AThe Panama Canal已完成成绩：分91The Panama Canal was built by a ( ) consortium.A、AmericaB、ItalyC、BritainD、France正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分92Why did the French consortium gave up to build the canal( )A、Because it was too expensive.B、Because many people died.C、Because the topography in Panama was difficult to build a canal.D、Because the American government decided to buld it by themselves.正确答案： C 我的答案：D得分：分93The aim to build the Panama Canal was to connect America and Panama.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×The Great Depression已完成成绩：分94The Great Depression started in ( ).A、1929B、1932D、1939正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分95Which one is wrong about the Great Depression( )A、The Great Depression started with the crash of the New York stock market.B、More than 9000 banks closed down.C、It took a short time for the New York Stock to recover.D、Many people became homeless because of the Great Depression.正确答案： C 我的答案：D得分：分96Which one is not the results of the Great Depression( )A、GDP went down.B、Income fell.C、Unemployment rate increased.D、Farmers had no food to eat.正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分97Which one is wrong about Franklin Delano Roosevelt( )A、He was also known as FDR.B、He give American people confidence during the Great Depression.C、He was elected as president for 3 times.D、He started many government programs to provide work to people.正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分98The Great Depression only happened in America.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×The Cold War已完成成绩：分99Why did the Cold War avoid direct conflict( )A、Because the Second World War was just finished.B、Because the USSR was too weak to fight.C、Because both sides of the Cold War had nuclear weapons.D、Because some countries stop the war.正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分100The Cold War began in ( ).A、1945B、1946C、1947D、1948正确答案： D 我的答案：C得分：分101Which was not the reason why the West against Communism( )A、The communist countries only has one political system.B、The economy in communist countries is state-owned.C、The communist countries are against religion.D、The communist countries have nuclear weapons.正确答案： D 我的答案：C得分：分102Berlin Wall was ended in ( ).A、1989B、1988C、1987D、1986正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分103Which statement of following is wrong( )A、There were many cold conflicts in the cold war, such as weapon competition and spying.B、Germany reunited in 1990.C、The USSR was dissolved in 1990.D、After the USSR dissovled, 15 new countries were created.正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：分104The Cold War continued for only a few years.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分105Because many West Germans fled to the East, the West Germany government built theBerlin Wall.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×106Which one is wrong about 9/11( )A、About 3000 people were killed.B、It happened in 2002.C、The World Trade Centre and Pentagon were attacked.D、It was the first attack on mainland USA since 1812.正确答案： B 我的答案：B得分：分107The terrorists Hijacked ( ) planes.A、4B、5C、6D、7正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分108Only the north tower of the World Trade Centre was attacked.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×。

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英美国家历史与文化答案新整理

C h a p t e r1L a n d a n d H i s t o r y1.Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.5 points for each 1)The following figures were often considered the founding fathers of the American Republic EXCEPT__C_.A.George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Roger WilliamsD. John Adams2)The following were some of the characteristics of Puritanism EXCEPT_A_.A. Manifest destinyB. Religious freedomC. Intolerant moralismD. Separation of state and church3)The 1920s was associated with the following EXCEPT__D.A. Silent moviesB. Ku Klux KlanC. ProhibitionD. Television4)Clinton was the second US president to be impeached by the House of Representatives, but retired in the_A_.A. The Senate Supreme Court C. The Department of Justice D. The Federal Reserve5)Which of the following did not take place in the Nixon administration BA. VietnamizationB. Cuban Missile CrisisC. Watergate ScandalD. Re-establishing US with China.2.Match the US president with the event that took place in his presidency. 5 points for each1)Abraham Lincoln e a. New Deal2)Franklin D. Roosevelt. a b. Rapid development in IT Industry3)John F. Kennedy d c. Watergate Scandal4)Richard Nixon c d. Cuban Missile Crisis5)Bill Clinton b e. Civil War3.Translate the English passage into Chinese.When an American says that he loves his country, he means not only that he loves the New England hills, the prairies glistening in the sun, the wide and rising plains, the great mountains, and the sea. He means that he loves an inner air, an inner light in which freedom lives and in which a man can draw the breath of self-respect.当一个美国人说他热爱他的祖国, 他不仅仅意味着他深爱着新英格兰连绵的山丘,阳光下熠熠生辉的草原,宽阔无边际的平原,巍峨的高山和一望无际的大海;他真正想表达的是他热爱美国内在的氛围,内在的精神那就是在美国这片土地上他可以自由的呼吸,有尊严的生活;Chapter 2 Government and Politics1.Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.5 points for each1)Congress can override the president’s vote by a ___vote. AA.two-thirdsB. Three-fourthsC. Single majorityD. four-fifths2)There are currently ___Supreme Court justices on the bench. BA. 7B. 9C. 11D. 133)The Founders wanted the ___branch to be the dominant branch of the federal government. BA.executiveB. legislativeC. JudicialD. media4)Among the elected political officials, only___are elected by all citizens of the United States. CA.CongressmanB. Vice-presidentC. PresidentD. State governors5)What is the most important weapon in the hand of Supreme Court DA.VetoB. Overriding a vetoC. ImpeachmentD. Judicial review.2.Judge whether each statement is trueT or false F. 5 points for each1)___F_ African American had the rights to vote in 1776.2)__F__For the United States, one of the basic principles is socialist democracy.3)__T__American president has no vote in congress.4)__F__Most of the bills introduced to Congress can eventually become law.5)_F__Wilson succeeded to persuade Congress to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.3.Translate the English passage into Chinese.Whatever changes in Obama’s handling of foreign affairs, one thing to be sure about is that the changes are tactical in nature. Many of the goals pursued by the Bush administration remain unchanged. First, America will lead. As Secretary of State Hillary Clinton put it, “The question is not whether our nation can or should lead, but how it will lead in the 21st century.”Second, export of democracy will continue, but less with the help of bayonet. Third, military strength and use of force are important. “We will not hesitate to defend our friends, our interest and also all our people, vigorously and when necessary with the world’s strongest military.不管奥巴马怎样改变其处理外国事物的手段,我们可以确定的一点是这些变动在本质上都是外交策略;布什总统执政时期追求的很多目标都没有变;首先,美国将会领导其他国家;正如美国国务卿希拉里·克林顿所说：现在的问题不是我们国家能不能或该不该领导,而是我们应怎样在21世纪领导;其次,民主输出将会继续,但是要减少对武力的依赖;再次,军备实力和武装的调度很重要;“我们将毫不犹豫的保护我们的朋友,保障我们的利益和我们的人民,并将在必要的时候大力的动用世界上最强大的军事力量;”Chapter 4 Social Life and Culture1.Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.5 points for each1)which of the following is a non-profit public television network in the US CA.ABCB. CBSC. PBSD. CNN2)Jazz has its roots in the following EXCEPT___. DA.West African musical culture.B. African American music traditionsC. European military band musicD. American native Indian music3)which is not included in the theme of country music BA.Love and romanceB. War and peaceC. Past gloriesD. Religious beliefs4)which theme among the four was the LEAST relevant to Ernest Hemingway’s works5)B6)A.WarB. RomanceC. DeathD. Disillusionment5)which one among the following writers was an African American B2.Judge whether each statement is trueT or false F. 5 points for each1)__T_American churches are not only places where ceremonies are conducted, but community centers for people to make friends with each other.2)_F__Americans observe the Labor Day on the same day as the Chinese.3)__F_Americans only like popular music while little attention is paid to classical music.4)__T_Country music was originally played and listened to by Americans farmers.5)__T_Rock’n’roll is not only a form of music but also a lifestyle.the English passage into Chinese.Toni Morrison is an African-American novelist. Her richly woven fiction has gained her international reputation. In her novels, she treats the complex identities of black people in a universal manner. And in 1993, she won the Nobel Prize for Literature. In her early work The Bluest Eye1970, a strong-willed young black girl tells the story of Pecola Breedlove, who survives an abusive father. Pecola believes that her dark eyes magically become blue, and that they will make her lovable. Morrison has said that she was creating her own sense of identity as a writer through this novel: “I was Pecola, Claudia, everybody.”her other books include Sula 1973, Song of Solomon 1977, and Beloved 1987.托尼·莫里森是一位着名的非裔美籍小说家;她凭借其情节跌宕起伏的小说而享誉全球;在她的小说里,她一一种最普遍的方式来处理黑人复杂的身份认知;她与1993年获得里诺贝尔文学奖;在其早期的作品最蓝的眼睛1970中,一个坚强的黑人女孩讲述了一个从有暴力倾向的父亲手里存活下来的帕克拉·布里得拉维的故事;帕克拉相信她的黑色眼睛奇迹般的变成蓝色,并且蓝色的眼睛会让她变得讨人喜欢;莫里森说过她是以一个作家的身份通过这本小说来建立自己的身份认知;“大家好, 我是帕克拉·克劳迪娅;”她其他的作品包括苏拉1973,所罗门之歌1977和亲爱的1987;Chapter 6 Land an History1.Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.5 points for each1)Great Britain includes the following EXCEPT___. DA.EnglandB. WalesC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland.2)which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text about London as a center of ____ DA.PoliticsB. CommerceC. CultureD. Industry.3 the item that Doomsday book did not recordnd and propertyB. Mills and cottagesC. Duties and landownersD. Pet animals4)the “glorious revolution” of 1688 put ____ on the throne. DA.Charles IB. Charles IIC. James IID. William and Mary.5)Oliver Cromwell ruled England for about ___ years in the 17th century. AA. 10B. 20C. 302.Match the items in Column A with the answers in Column B.1)Ben Nevis c a. the best-known river in the IK2)The Thames a b. who led Saxon against invasion by the Vikings3)Loch Ness d c. the highest peak in the UK4)Alfred the Great b d. a lake in Scottish Highlands5)William the Conqueror d e. who ruled England from early 11th century.3.Translate the English passage into Chinese.The city is appreciated for its beauty and its cultural life, particularly during the world-famous Edinburgh Festival, a collection of several festivals of music and drama held in autumn at various centers in Edinburgh. The Edinburgh Military Tattoo an annual military parade is held in the parade ground of the castle for three weeks in August an September. The event is a popular tourist attraction an adds color to the Edinburgh Festival.这座城市以其美丽的风光和丰富的文化生活而为人所向往,尤其是在世界闻名的爱丁堡节庆期间——秋季,在各种各样的中心开展丰富多彩的音乐节和戏剧节;每年的八月和九月都会在城堡的游行广场举行为期三周的爱丁堡军乐节一种年度的军队游行;这个盛世喜迎了很多的游客,同时,也为爱丁堡节庆增添了色彩;Chapter7 Government and Politics1.Choose the most appropriate answers to each question or statement.1)A bill dealing with finance is introduced ____. BA.In the House of LordsB. In the House of CommonsC. By the Lord ChancellorD. By the Home of Secretary2)The Prime Minister leads in____. AA.The CabinetB. The House of OfficeC. ParliamentD. The judiciary3)The Conservative and Labor parties predominant the general election ever since ____. BA. 1920B. 1945C. 1950D. 19754)The general election in the UK is held every___years. DA.TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five5)Statue la in the UK consists of ____. CA.Practice in courtB. ConventionC. Acts of ParliamentD. Customs2.Judge whether each of the following statement is trueT or falseF.1)_F___ The Cabinet consists of only important department minsters.2)__F__ Only the House of Commons can introduce bills.3)___T_ Tony Blair ran the government in three terms in a row.4)__T__ Chancellor of the Exchequer is a Cabinet minister.5)__F__ NO. 10 Downing Street stands for the Cabinet while Buckingham Palace stands for Parliament.3.Translate the English passage into Chinese.Official UK policy since 1997 towards China is to advance its commercial interests and to promote “positive” social and political change in China. The UK retains a political dialogue with China over human rights apart from participating in multilateral dialogue through the EU. In effect, increasing economic ties with China is seen as being the best way of integrating China into international society and also of benefiting the interests of UK business. The bilateral trade and economic cooperation between nations has enjoyed continued development. The United Kingdom remains China’s largest interest investor and the second largest trade partner among countries.自1997年起,英对中的官方政策一推动商贸交易和促进中囯在社会和经济上的改革委中心;除了欧盟的多方会谈外,英国还就人权问题同中国保持对话;事实上,加强中英双方的经济交流是中国融入国际社会的最好方式,同时也是有利于英国商业受益的最好方式;中英两国的双方贸易和经济合作持续推进;在所有欧盟国家中,英国是中国最大的投资国和第二大贸易伙伴;Chapter 9 Social life1.Choose the most appropriate answers to each question or statement.1)British way of life has often been described asA.Peaceful and quietB. UnderdevelopmentC. Poor and miserableD. Materialized2)Which of the following changes is NOT accurate about British food CA.QualityB. CharacterC. TasteD. Chefs3)In a British pub one can do the following EXCEPT___. BA.Order a drink at the barB.Order food at a tableC.Talk to strangers freelyD.Talk to others noisily.4)The sport that is being criticized in the UK is____. AA.Fox huntingB. FootballC. Open campingD. Horse racing5)Which of the following is a quality paper AA.Daily TelegraphB. Daily MirrorC. Daily Mai lD. Daily Express2. Judge whether each of the following statement is trueT or falseF.1)__T__ there are rapid growth in the post-war prosperity of British society.2)__T__ British people enjoy food from foreign restaurants in the UK.3)__F__ Most of the British holidays now are spent by people traveling abroad.4)___F_ The low price offered by out-of-town malls can be upset by the cost of petrol used for driving there.5)_F___ Most of the owner-occupied dwellings have been acquired with the aid from the government.3.Translate the following English passage into Chinese.Newspapers in the UK speak for class-based groups. The two tabloids have a predominantly working-class readership, the “qualities” a more middle-class and well-educated one. Advertisements foe teachers and social workers usually appear in the The Guardian because teachers ans social workers are apt to read The Guardian, which support the interests of public sector employees. In contrast, The Times speaks for what used to be called the establishment. The Daily Express and Daily Mail are more up-market tabloids and have a socially more representative readership.在英国,针对不同的阶级有不同的报纸;通俗小报拥有很多工薪阶层的读者,而“品质”报则拥有中产阶级和受过良好教育的读者;在卫报上常常刊登教师和社工的招聘广告,因为教师和社工倾向于看维护公共雇员利益的卫报;相反,时代周刊则为所谓国家利益机构代言;每日快报和每日邮报是较上层的小报并且拥有较有社会代表性的读者;Chapter 11 A Nation from Sea to Sea1.Judge whether each of statement is trueF or falseF.1)__F__ In area, Canada is the largest country i the world.2)___F_ Canada has always been ranked in first place as “ the most livable country in the world.”3)__T__ The westernmost province of British Columbia is in the Pacific Region.4)__T__ The majority of population in Toronto is of neither British nor French descent.5)__T__ The newly set up of the Italian navigator who landed in Newfoundland in 1497 is John Cabot.2.Match the items in Column A with the answers in Column B.1)Canada’s first Prime Minister c2)Father of New France a3)Largest Canadian city d A .Macdonald4)The official Languages Act e d. Toronto5)Capital city of Canada b3.Translate the following English passage into Chinese.When I think of Canada, I think of forests filled with animals, and vast amounts of trees. I think of mountains high, of lakes where beavers live. When I think of Canada, I see hockey on the ice, and baseball players on the field, holding our flag with pride. When I think of Canada, I think of people proud, to be of different cultures, I think of Niagara Falls, the natural wonders of our land. When I think of Canada, I see the great Sky Dome. I see a place that many people can proudly call their home.Chapter 14 The Country Down Under1.Choose the most appropriate answers to each question or statement. 5 points for each1)Currently, Australia’s biggest trading partner is ____. AA.ChinaB. JapanC. The USAD. ASEAN countries.2)Australia and China established diplomatic relations in____. BA. 1971B. 1972C. 1973D. 19743)Australia is NOT a member of_____. CA.APECB. ANZUSC. ASEAND. WTO4)Which of the following is a minority party in Australian politics DA.The Australian Labor PartyB. The Liberal PartyC. The National PartyD. The Australian Greens.5)Which of the following statement s true DA.The party that wins the majority of seats in the Senate forms the government.B.The Prime Minster is appointed by the Governor-General.C.The House of Representatives has an equal members form each state.D.The Senate has an equal number of members from each state.2.Match the items in Column A with the answers in Column B.1)South Australia d a. the most isolated city in the world.2)Australia Day c b. the most artificial city in Australia3)“ Advanced Australia Fair” e Day for the indigenous people4)Canberra b d. a convict-free colony5)Perth a anthem of Australia3.Translate the following English passage into Chinese.Australia is the second largest country in the southern hemisphere in terms of is land area, neat to Brazil. It is also the only country in the world that occupies a whole continent. The Australian continent is the smallest of all the continents; at the same time it is also the largest island in the world. The total territory of Australia covers an area of 7’692’024 sq km Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2006. It is the sixth largest country in the world, after Russia, Canada, China, the United States and Brazil.就陆地面积而言,澳大利亚是南半球面积第二的国家;毗邻巴西;它也是世界上唯一一个独占一个大洲的国家;澳大利亚大陆是所有大陆中面积最小的；同时,它也是世界上最大的岛屿;澳大利亚的所有领地面积为7,692,024平方千米;澳大利亚国家统计局2006年数据它是世界上第六大国家,仅次于俄罗斯,加拿大,中国,美国和巴西;Chapter 17 Land, History and People.1.Judge whether each statement is trueF or falseF.1)___T_ It was the Viking invaders that gave Ireland its present name.2)___F_ Like English, Irish Gaeilge belongs to Roman languages.3)__F__ Ireland declared itself a republic in 1922.4)___T_ The Tain is the title for the Irish Celt’s saga.5)__T__ When founded in 1594, Trinity College, Dublin was open only to Protestants.2.Match the items in Column A with the answers in Column B.1)St Brigid a king/queen who found Trinity College, Dublin2)Maria Edgeworth c king/queen who first set foot in Ireland.3)Henry II b of Castle Rackrent.4)Henry VIII e of a nunnery in County Kildare5)Elizabeth I a king/queen who upgraded Ireland from Lordship toa full Kingdom3.Translate the following English passage into Chinese.Despite these tensions, most of the 18th century was a period of relative peace in comparison with the preceding two hundred years and the two centuries to follow. During this period the population doubled to cover four million, and, while this time is recalled in folk memory as one of political oppression of the majority of the Irish population, by the late 18th century, many of the Anglo-Irish ruling class-once considered too Irish in England and too English in Ireland, now became quite adamantly Irish in Ireland. It is perhaps one of the greatest ironies of British colonization that, in the revolts over the coming century, those who inspired them were largely Protestant,well-born and Anglo-Irish in origin.除了一些紧张的局势外,相对于之前的两个世纪和之后的两个世纪来说,18世纪的大部分时间局势都相对和平;在这段时期内,人口增长了两倍,超过了400万,并且这个事情被认为是对爱尔兰人的压迫时期;在18世纪晚期,很多在英国的安格拉-爱尔兰统治阶级被认为太爱尔兰化,而在爱尔兰的安格拉-爱尔兰统治阶级被认为太过英国化;而这些人现在都成了坚定不移的爱尔兰人;这也许是英国殖民地最讽刺的事情了,这些鼓励他们的人大部分都是清教徒和出身高贵的安格拉-爱尔兰人;Chapter 19 Land and History1.Choose the most appropriate answers to each question or statement. 5 points for each1)The first European to sight New Zealand was____. BA.Captain James CookB. Abel TasmanC. Young NickD. Captain Bligh2)New Zealand’s highest mountain is _____. CA.Mt. RuapehuB. Mt. Tatanaki/ Mt EgmontC. Mt. CookD. Mt. Tasman3)The unique flightless bird in New Zealand is ___. AA.Th kiwiB. The laughing birdC. The keaD. The swallow4)Mario have lived in New Zealand forA. overB. Over 500C. Less than 500D. Less than 1005)How many Mario tribe chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi with the British Crown BB. 200C. 500 .10006)The Treaty of Waitangi was signedB. 1850C. 1890the items in Column A with the answers in Column B. 5 points for each1 South Island c2 North Island b3 national symbol d c. glaciers4 extinct bird a3. Translate the following English passage into Chinese.Many birds species became extinct after the arrival of Polynesians, who brought the kiore Pacific rat and the kufi dog from Polynesia. Flightless and ground-nesting birds proved easypicking for Polynesian, who simply walked up to moa and hit them. While humans are the most likely cause of the larger birds’ extinction, the kiore is the prime suspect in the disappearance of smaller birds and invertebrates. The kiore and the kuri wre the only mamals until Europeans arrived.在博尼利亚人来到新西兰后很多鸟类灭绝了;他们从博尼利亚带来了笑鸮太平洋地区的老鼠和狗;不擅飞行和在地上筑巢的鸟类对他们来说简直就是手到擒来;他们只需简单的走上前去击打它们;人类是体型较大鸟类灭亡的主要原因,而笑鸮则是小型鸟类和无脊椎动物灭绝的主要嫌犯;笑鸮和是欧洲人到达新西兰大陆前仅有的哺乳动物;。

英美文化答案二

各位同学：问答题第2题What are the elements and functions of British government? Discuss the role of each element and explain chiefly.这道题去掉.改为学习手册英国文化第一章的问答题Why is it not easy to talk about a typical Englishman? State the reasons from the historical points of view.It’s not easy to talk about a typical Englishman, because, from the historical point of view, the English are descended from so many different peoples who all came and settled in England at some time or other.The Celts came from central and north-western Europe between 700 and 200 BC. Then the Romans invaded England in 55 BC. The Celtic-Roman culture had been well-established when the Germanic tribes of Angles, Saxons and Jutes came. From AD 450 to 600 they gradually took control of most of the country, became Christians and settled down as farmers and came to be the basis of modern English race.Next, came the invasion of the Viking Danes from Scandinavia. They too settled, intermarried and fused with the local population.In AD 1066, William of Normandy invaded England from France. The French-speaking conquerors intermarried with the ruling Saxon families. At that time, French influence grew so strong that many aspects of England’s social and cultural life became totally French.After England became a Protestant country in the 16th century, it became a refuge for other Protestants from Catholic States who were being persecuted for their faith.Over the centuries, many other refugees suffering from political and religious persecution have found a home in England and their specific skills, as well as their languages, have enriched the English economy and culture. Great migrations also occurred in this century until the Commonwealth Immigrants Acts came into effect in 1962.英国文化课后题答案Unit one1.the United Kingdom of Great Britain and the NorthernIreland2.55BC3. inventive, hard-working , serious-minded andcautious with money4.love of music and poetry, a great feeling for the music ofwords5.10,0006. Robert Burns, Sir Walter Scott, Dylan Thomas ,Gwyn Thomas, Jonathan Swift , Oscar Wilde6.Angles, Saxons , JutesIII. DDBABUnit Two1.The Crusades2. Columbus , Vasco d a·Gama2.Hundred Years’ War3.Parliament, the king 5. Charles Darwin7.the great slump 7. the League of Nations, the New UnitedNations OrganizationIII. BDACDUnit Three1.AD 587 10662. latin, Germanic3. Norman French4.Anglo-saxon, Latin, French5. Middle, Modern5.AD 1500 7. BBC annoucersIII. DACCUnit Four1.Elizabeth the Second2. On her majesty’s service3.the Most Noble Order of the Garter4.the head of the Church of England5.Acts of Parliament, the prerogative of the Crown, Coventions of the Constitution, common law, Parliamentary Privilege6. 5, 6357.the Crown, the House of Lords, the House of Commons8. the Queen in Parliament 9. the final appeal court in civil cases and criminal cases except criminal cases in Scotland10. make laws, to control and criticize the executive government, control the raising and spending of money11. the Lord Chancellor 12. The Prime Minister13. the Queen in Parliament, cabinet, the House of Commons, ParliamentIII. BCADCAUnit five1.coal, water power2. the Second World War , the Bank ofEngland, coal, civil aviation 3. Labour 4. a nation of shopkeepers 5. the discovery and exploitation of oil and gas in the North SeaIII. ADDAAUnit Six1.the Anglo-Saxon, epic of Beowulf, 6th2.P114 4段3.P114 6段4. Chaucer, Shakespeare, Milton6.Thomas More , Utopia 6. Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, The Taming of the Shrew, A Mid Summer Nights’Dream, As you like it, Richard II, Richard III, Henry IV parts I and II7.Essays 8. Paradise Lost , Paradise Regained, SamsonAgonistes 9. Pilgrim’s Progress 10. Jonathan Swift11. London and the Vanity of Human Wishes 12. Robert Burns 13.Robinson Crusoe 14. Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelly, Keats 15. Jane Auston, Charlotte Bronte ,Emily Bronte16. Robert Louis Stevenson, Lewis Carroll, William Makepeace Thackeray, David Copperfield, Pockwich Papers, George Eliot, Oscar Wilde, the Return of the Native, Tess of the D’urbervilles 17. James Joyce , Ulysses, George Bernard ShawIII. DACAA DAADDUnit Seven1.Roman Catholic Church, Protestant Church2.the Old Testament , the New Testament3.the Queen , the Archbishop of Canterbury4.God, Jesus, Holy Spirit5.presbyterian6.the Pope in Rome7.the Methodist Church, Congregational Church, the BaptistChurch, the Presbyterian, Quakers8.humbler of lifeunit 81.ill-bred2.modesty, conceit3.a sense of humor4.sportsmanshipunit 91.5, 152.Christmas, Easter, summer3.the selective, the comprehensive4.Eton, Harrow, Rugby5.freedom6.Oxford, Cambridge7.Glasgow Aberdeen8.London University9.Leeds, Lancaster10.e xclusiveness11.A CDDUnit 101.the insurance fund2.the first3.P188 第二段倒数第六行4.14 Regions ，a university medical school, 72 areas5.has made its weekly contributions to the fund6.5, 19 monthsIII. CABA美国文化Unit 41.Irving and Cooper2.Poe , The Fall of the House of Usher3.a small town 20 miles northwest of Boston ,Ralph WaldoEmerson, Henry David Thoreau ,Nathaniel Hawthorne4.Nature, The American Scholar, Self-Reliance5.Walden6.Scarlet Letter7.Melville8.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Life on the Mississippi,The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn9.Theodore Dreiser10.T he Great Gatesby , a man at the end of his youth ,striving torecapture a beautiful dream he once believed in11.D os Passos12.T he Sound and the Fury, Light in August, Absalom, Absalom13.The Sun Also Rises, A Farewell to Arms, For Whom theBell Tolls14.John Steinbeck, Ralph Ellison15.E ugene O’Neill Long Day’s Journey into Night III. CADBD BCCA D BC。

英美文化课后答案Chapter7

英美文化课后答案Chapter7英美文化课后答案7Lecture 7T ell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1-10: FTFTT/FTTFT 11-20: TFTFT/TFTTTFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. Old English2. The Canterbury Tales3. The Tragical History of Dr. Faustus4. William Shakespeare5. historical plays; comedies6. P. B. Shelley; William Wordsworth7. Sense and Sensibility8. Oliver Twist9. The Heart of Darkness 10. stream of consciousness 11. the Transcendentalist Club 12. Natty Bumpoo 13. Moby Dick 14. Walt Whitman 15. The Red Badge of Courage 16. King of the English 17. Lord Protector 18. Princess Diana 19. Alchemist 20. calculus, gravitation 21. religious, interpretation 22. Boz 23. clerk, potential 24. florid, poetic 25. Locomotive 26. instructor 27. James Bond Series 28. satirist, boom, 1960s 29. Julie Andrews 30. big, gigantic 31. John Peel 32. The Lady with the Lamp 33. land, water 34. George Washington 35. New Deal 36. John Fitzgerald Kennedy 37. George Walker Bush 38. Barack Hussein Obama 39. Martin Luther King 40. Ray Kroc 41. Disneyland Park 42. William Henry Bill Gates 43. The Sketch BookChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1-10: BACCA/DABDB 11-20: CABBA/CDCAD 21-30:CBADC/BACBA31-32: CDExplain the following terms.1. The Canterbury TalesChaucer’s The Canterbury Tales is made up of a series of stories. These stories are told by pilgrims who were on their way to the important Christian church at Canterbury. Although these tales are incomplete, they cover all major types of medieval literature. It contains almost all the typical medieval figures. It isa miniature of the English society of Chaucer’s time.2.William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare is probably the best known literary figure in the world. His many plays include tragedies, comedies and history plays. Shakespeare created four great tragedies. Hamlet is the most performed play in the world. Shakespeare is regarded as one of the founders of realism in the world literature.3. Jane EyreJane Eyre tells the story of an orphan, who has a loveless childhood at a terrible boarding school. When she grows up, she goes to work for Mr. Rochester as a governess to his child. Mr. Rochester becomes attracted to her because of her independence and free spirit.4. Tess of the D’UrbervillesThis story tells the tragic fate of Tess, a beautiful country girl. Tess is seduced by Alec D’urbervilles and has an illegitimate baby. She meets Angel Clare and they fall in love with each other. However, she is abandoned by Angel when he knows her past story. Tess has no choice butto live with Alec because her father dies and the family is starving. Later Angel regrets how he abandoned Tess and comes back to find her. Tess kills Alec in strong despair and greatmadness.5. Stream of consciousnessIn literary critic ism, “stream of consciousness” is a narrative mode that seeks to portray an individual's point of view by giving the written equivalent of the character's thought processes, either in a loose interior monologue, or in connection to his or her actions.6. TranscendentalismTranscendentalism was a group of new ideas in literature, religion, culture, and philosophy that emerged in New England in the early to middle 19th century. Among transcendentalists' core beliefs was an ideal spiritual state that “transcends” the physical and empirical and is only realized through the individual's intuition, rather than through the doctrines of established religions. Prominent transcendentalists included Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau.7. The lost generationThis is a term coined by author and poet, Gertrude Stein. Often it is used to refer to a group of American writers who lived in Paris and other parts of Europe, some after military service in the First World War. Figures identified with the "Lost Generation" include authors and poets Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Ezra Pound. The Lost Generation captures the zeitgeist of the time period: disillusionment.8. Moby DickIt is considered one of the world’s greatest masterpieces. This is a story about a whaling voyage. The hero Ishmael went out to sea on the whaling ship, Pequod. The captain, Ahab, lost one leg on a previous voyage when he met the white whale Moby Dick, so he was determined to kill the white whale. At last MobyDick appeared and Captain Ahab ordered his ship to fight with it. All the crew were drowned except Ishmael, who survived to tell the story.9. Mark TwainMark Twain was the pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens. Twain had an American sense of humor; he dealt with the lower strata of society. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was an immediate success and its sequel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, became his masterwork. Mark Twain made colloquial speech a literary medium. This is his great contribution to American literature. His style influenced writers who followed, like Sherwood Anderson and Ernest Hemmingway.10. The Great GatsbyF. Scott Fitzgerald’s masterpiece is The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald created a myth out of American life from his personal experience. Gatsby falls in love with Daisy, but he is too poor to marry her. Daisy married Tom Buchanan. In order to win his love back, Gatsby began bootlegging and other activities to make a big fortune. But finally he found Daisy was not the ideal love of his dreams. He had a strong sense of loss and disillusionment.11. Charlie ChaplinCharlie Chaplin (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor and film director of the silent film era. He became one of the best-known film stars in the world before the end of the First World War. Chaplin used mime, slapstick and other visual comedy routines, and continued well into the era of the talkies, though his films decreased in frequency from the end of the 1920s. His most famous role was that of The Tramp, which he first played in the Keystone comedy Kid Auto Races at Venice in 1914. From the April 1914 one-reeler Twenty Minutes of Loveonwards he was writing and directing most of his films, by 1916 he was also producing, and from 1918 composing the music. With Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks and D. W. Griffith, he co-founded United Artists in 1919.12. John LennonJohn Lennon (9 October 1940 – 8 December 1980) was an English singer-songwriter who rose to worldwide fame as one of the founding members of The Beatles, and together with Paul McCartney formed one of the most successful songwriting partnerships of the 20th century. Lennon revealed a rebellious nature and acerbic wit in his music, his writing, on film, and in interviews, and became controversial through his work as a peace activist. He moved to New Y ork City in 1971, where his criticism of the Vietnam War resulted in a lengthy attempt by Richard Nixon's administration to deport him, while his songs were adapted as anthems by the anti-war movement. Disengaging himself from the music business in 1975 to devote time to his family, Lennon reemerged in 1980 with a comeback album, Double Fantasy, but was murdered three weeks after its release.13. David BeckhamDavid Beckham (born 2 May 1975) is an English footballer who currently plays in midfield for Los Angeles Galaxy in Major League Soccer, having previously played for Manchester United, Preston North End, Real Madrid, and Milan, as well as the England national team, for whom he holds the all-time appearance record for an outfield player.Beckham has twice been runner-up for FIFA World Player of the Y ear and in 2004 was the world's highest-paid footballer when taking into account salary and advertising deals. Beckham was the first British footballer to play 100Champions League matches. He was Google's most searched of all sports topics in both 2003 and 2004. With such global recognition he has become an elite advertising brand and a top fashion icon. When joining the MLS in 2007 he was given the highest player salary in the league's history, with his playing contract with the Galaxy over the next three years being worth $6.5m per year.14. James WattJames Watt (19 January 1736 –25 August 1819) was a Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer whose improvements to the Newcomen steam engine were fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both the Kingdom of Great Britain and the world.15. Florence NightingaleFlorence Nightingale (12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910) was a celebrated English nurse, writer and statistician. A Christian universalist, Nightingale believed that God had called her to be a nurse. She came to prominence for her pioneering work in nursing during the Crimean War, where shetended to wounded soldiers. She was dubbed "The Lady with the Lamp" after her habit of making rounds at night. Nightingale laid the foundation of professional nursing with the establishment, in 1860, of her nursing school at St Thomas' Hospital in London, the first secular nursing school in the world. The Nightingale Pledge taken by new nurses was named in her honour, and the annual International Nurses Day is celebrated around the world on her birthday.Translation1. 值得怀疑的是在人们最需要开心、快乐与放松的时候，是否能有人比卓别林带给人们更多的欢乐。

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第一章社会风俗习惯如何使用头衔，举止随意的原因，隐私的概念，感谢与道歉，被邀请时做什么，女士优先，闲谈，英国的“三三”习俗◆What titles do you use to show your respect for people? “Sir” and “madam” show respect for position and seniority.◆What suggestion does the author give to the Chinese who are in need of help in the United States? If you go to the United States and are in need of help, do not hesitate to ask for it. ◆How do Americans get familiar with one another?They ask some questions about personal subjects (such as his family, job, or home) to learn what they may have in common with you or just in order to begin a conversation.◆What will happen if a person ethers a private house without permission in the United States? He i s likely to be accused of trespassing or even burglary. ◆What do you avoid asking when you meet a lady? Her age.◆What do the Westerners think of the Chinese students’ excessive expression of gratitude and wha t is overdoing apology actually considered in the Western world? Empty thanks and insincerity, an awkward behavior.◆What will an American teacher get annoyed when a Chinese student makes excessive expressions of gratitude?Because excessive expressions of gratitude gives American teacher the sense of empty thanks and insincerity, and makes him feel uncomfortable.◆What is considered an awkward behavior in the American society?Overdoing apology actually is an awkward behavior in the American society. ◆What is the proper time that you should get to the place where you are invited? We should get to the place at the fixed time, or ten minutes after that. ◆What do you have to do if you are likely to be 15 minutes late?We should make a telephone call to your hostess, and have a proper reason for being late. ◆What is a proper gift that you should take to the hostess?Some flowers at the party. And if you are going to stay overnight or over the weekend, a book, a box of candy, a bottle of wine, or some other similar gift are proper.◆What are men expected to do when a woman guest comes into the sitting room? Men in the room are expected to stand up when she comes in.◆Where should the guest sit if the host or hostess or both of them come in a car to fetch him/her for dinner?The guest should squeeze into and sit at the front seat and leave the rear seat vacant, as the host o r hostess is also the driver.◆What are the general rules that you have to follow when people speak to you?People in the States expect those whom they speak to put aside whatever they are doing and listen, and the conversation distance between two people is at least two or three feet. ◆Why don’t the British try to bargain when they do shopping?Because sometimes they consider it losing face. And they just buy what they want at what they th ink a reasonable price, and take such a practice for granted. ◆What do the three “ings” refer to? Three “ings ” refer to betting, drinking and tipping, the ending for each of which is “ing”.第二章社交礼仪与礼节表达礼貌的方式，携带礼物，公共场合的举止行为，餐桌礼仪，校园内的社会交往◆What is the common way for Americans to entertain a guest?Americans warmly welcome visitors into their homes, and try to do as many special things for a guest as time permits.◆What is a suitable gift that you should bring to a hostess if you are going to stay overnight or for a weekend?It’s customary to bring the hostess a small present—often a book, a box of candy, a bottle of wine, or some similar gift.◆Which flowers are not suitable ones as gifts according to the usual European caveat? Red roses, white lilies, or chrysanthemums.◆Why is pushing one’s way through a crowd considered quite rude in the U.S.?Because physical contact make them extremely anxious. And visitors who violate Americans’ n otions concerning touching are likely to be regard as “pushy” or “aggressive”. ◆What does the notion “Line up, and wait your turn.” reflect?It reflects all people are equal, in the sense that no one has the privilege of going directly to the fr ont of a line. It also reflects their aversion to touching, which is much less likely to happen in a line than in a crowd jostling to get service.◆How do you define the notion “Don’t block the traffic”?Americans give priority to people who are moving rather than to those who are stationary. ◆What should foreign smokers do before they start smoking?Asking those around them, “Do you mind if I smoke?” is a good idea, and so is acceding to the wishes of those who say they mind.◆How do you use the set of silverware at a classy dinner? Use it from the outside in.◆What is the definition of “Dutch treat”? Split the check.◆Why do Americans prefer to split the check?Because they are fond of the ideas of self-reliance and fairness. If you don’t owe me and I don’t owe you we have a nice even relationship.◆Who is usually responsible for the expenses on a date?When a man invites a woman for a date, he generally assumes responsibility for all expenses on t he date. If the man continues to date the same woman, she may offer to pay part of the expenses.◆What does dating a variety of people indicate in the U.S.?It does not indicate frivolity on the part of a man or promiscuity on the part of a woman, but on r easonable accord.第三章生活方式与风格生活节奏，友谊模式，住房，开车，住在郊区的美国人，英国人的闲暇时光和私生活◆Why is American society said to “be ruled by the clock”?Everything is done in orderly fashion or by means of schedule.◆What do most Americans do when they find that you are a stranger?Most Americans become quite kindly and will take great care to help you.◆What is the most outstanding characteristic of the contemporary United States society?Perhaps the most outstanding characteristic of the contemporary United States society is its diver sity.◆What is the foreigners’ comment on the Americans’ materialism?Some foreigners view this as a “lack of appreciation for the spiritual or human aspects of life”, while others see it as a way of assuring the continuation of comparatively high standard of living i n the country.◆Where can a foreign student gain the detailed information on local housing options?The foreign student adviser, the housing office of the institution, bulletin boards located in dormit ories, cafeterias, libraries, etc.◆What does a foreign student have to do before signing a contract?He should study it carefully or ask a lawyer or some other knowledgeable person to read it, and e xamine the apartment carefully.◆What is the common form of paying the rent of an apartment or a house?Rents are normally payable one month in advice, usually on the first day of each month.◆Why does a foreign student have to pay a deposit before moving into an apartment or a house? For the damages during one’s occupancy.◆What do American traffic laws generally cover?American traffic laws cover the same subjects that traffic laws elsewhere cover: who can legally drive, minimum and maximum speeds, turning, parking, entering moving traffic, responding to em ergency vehicles, vehicle maintenance, and so on.◆What are American people’s attitudes toward traffic laws? Generally, Americans expect traffic laws to be enforced. ◆What does an American do once he has reached home?He is interested in working to improve it—making things, mending things, and work on the car —to make it as pleasant as possible.◆What does the American new suburb recreate?The new suburb recreates the sense of community of the old country village. ◆Why do the British often visit the fish—and—chip shop?Because it’s possible to buy over the counter a piece of fried fish and potatoes. ◆Which place is as British as pubs in Great Britain? The teashop is almost as British as the pub. ◆Where do middle class people in Britain prefer to go to spend their leisure hours and why? To salo on bars, which are more comfortable and less crowded.第四章食品与饮食习惯饮食习俗，传统的英国食品，与美国人共餐◆What is America described as? And why?America is described as a “melting pot”. Because of its diversity.◆What is the warning to a diner before he/she enters a restaurant in a city?Never judge by appearance, which may be misleading. Those that look small and informal may r eally be very expensive; and those that look large and expensive may just be ordinary. ◆Where can a person get a quick and inexpensive meal?A variety of informal eating places, such as snack bars, coffee shops, cafeteria, drugstore restaura nts, and so on.◆What is American food like in general?In general, American food is mild tasting; most Americans do not season their food to any great d egree.◆What does a main course include?The main course served in American meals is usually meat, fish, or poultry, but rarely is more tha n one of these served at the same meal.◆What are the other popular drinks apart from coffee and tea?Besides tea and coffee, other drinks popular in America are cola, milk and milk drinks called mil kshakes, fruit juices, and other mild drinks. ◆What are the most popular fast food in the U.S.? Hot dogs and hamburgers are the most popular fast food in the U.S.◆What helped the English to add a number of colorful foreign words to the vocabulary and foreign dishes to the table in the Victorian time?The Victorian tendency to send splendidly choleric officials to war and rule over far-flung corner s of the empire, and then later to retire them to the home countries, add a number of colorful foreig n words to the vocabulary and foreign dishes to the table.◆Why do the English tend to underrate their own food and slight their cookery? Because it is hom ely and familiar.◆What are the traditional English food that may impress foreigners?The puddings and cakes are the things that a foreigner will remember the most. ◆What are the three ways that the American people prepare their food? Boiled in water, grilled, an d deep-fried. ◆What are usually served as the main course?Usually a piece of chicken or steak or a slice of ham, with a few fried potatoes and some peas, or whatever, boiled to a pulp.◆What do American people usually do after dinner?Invite you to the living room to talk for two or three hours.第五章传统节日及其历史新年，四月愚人节，复活节的象征物，传统万圣节和万圣节的变化，感恩节的历史和现代感恩节，圣诞节◆Who was Janus? Did it have anything to do with January?Janus was the Roman god of beginnings and endings. The month January was named for Janus.◆How did the custom of the Tournament of Roses Parade get started?In 1890, some people living in sunny and warm Pasadena, California picked flowers from their g ardens and put them on their horses and buggies, and on New Year’s Day drove through their small town of Pasadena.◆What do the majority of Americans and New Yorker do on New Year’s Eve?It was a time to think back over the past year, and especially of your sins and failures. ◆How did April Fools’ Day develop into an international fun feast?The tradition eventually spread to England and Scotland in the eighteenth century, and it was late r introduced to the American colonies of both the England and French. ◆What do people usually do on April Fool’s Day? They play practical jokes on other people.◆What rules should we obey when we play tricks on April Fools’ Day?An April Fools’ joke must always be done in kindness, and only to a friend. It should be what is called “good clean fun.”◆Why is there such a symbol as the Easter Bunny?The symbol originated with the pagan festival of Easter. ◆Why is the egg used as the Easter symbol?Because from the earliest times, the egg was a symbol of rebirth in most cultures. ◆What do adults often do for Halloween?They take part in Halloween costume party at hotel or home. ◆What are American people supposed to do on Thank-giving Day?Americans give thanks to God for the grace and mercy He has granted, acknowledging His blessi ngs toward us throughout the year.◆What are the Four F’s concerning the modern Thanks-giving Day? Food, family, football and friends.◆What does it mean by a white Christmas?What we mean by a white Christmas is an old-fashioned Christmas or a traditional New England Christmas. There will be snow, and there will be a traditional white New England church. ◆Why do American people have a tree at Christmas?Because one thing that most homes in America have at Christmas time is a Christmas tree. ◆Why is it said that sports business is a big business in America?Sports games require clothing, supplies, equipments that can be quite costly experience, and some companies make big profits by advertising their products on TV, newspapers, magazines, etc.判断正误◆Americans’ casual wear and behavior in routine life best display their characteristic of informalit y. (T)◆You’d better not to ask people in the Western countries such questions as marriage ,status ,income ,relig ious belief ,or choice of voting ,etc. (T)◆The British do not expect or welcome bargaining because they consider it insensitive and offensiv e. (F)◆Americans do not expect you to show your courtesy in return, for they are understanding and enjo y welcoming you and feel pleased if you accept their friendship easily. (T)◆A host/hostess usually offers additional serving to the guests by passing the dish containing food from one person to another. (F)◆Americans’ preference to splitting the check fully indicates their stinginess. (F)◆The relationship of the individuals of the opposite sex may lead to casual acquaintance, a type of f riendship or a passionate involvement or even marriage. (T)◆Both of the boy (man) and the girl (woman) in American have the responsibility for the expenses o n the date. (F)◆You may miss smiles and brief conversations with people in the American cities where everyone a ppears in a hurry. (T)◆As Americans live in a mobile and ever-changing society in which people tend to avoid deep invol vements with others, they tend to have casual friendship. (T)◆When struggling for their status and wealth, Americans usually ignore the spiritual or human aspe ct of life. (F)◆Driving in the US entails not only mechanical manipulations of an automobile, but customary styl es of driving. (T)◆People of all classes in Britain prefer to go to pub, in which they will have great fun and free talk i n their private hours. (F)◆Restaurants on campus and on the outskirts of towns attract students, drivers and motorists becaus e they are convenient and serve large portion of good and filling food at low prices. (T) ◆The English people tend to underrate their own food and slight their cookery because their nationa l cuisine is simple and awful. (F)◆The English enthusiastic adoption of foreign food has enriched their cuisine, and they have almost made some foreign food national dishes. (T)◆The tradition of holding an “Open House” on New Year’s Day was brought into America by Dutch immigrants and the customs of dressing up in special co stumes for New Year’s Day parade and eating baked ham were brought by Swedish immigrants. (T) ◆The rules for the game of Easter Egg Roll are: a) To see who can roll an egg the longest time.b) To see who can make the egg roll without breaking in on a rough and windy road. (F)◆Americans’ interest in spectator sports seems really excessive and even obsessive to many foreig n visitors. (T)◆The American government is not allowed to operate a radio or TV station to reach American peopl e, because American people fear that the government might take the advantage of media to influen ce voters in elections. (T)词汇题◆ A person’s privacy is viewed as an individual territory or private property that no one can share without per mission in the US.◆“Avoiding excess at the dinner table” is viewed as “modesty”, which is the hallmark of the c ommon people in the Western world.◆In the United States, there is a widespread practice of making “small talk” in certain social situa tions. Small talk deals with various topics superficially, simple for the sake of keeping a conversati on going.◆Americans do not show visitors great quantity of special courtesy if doing so requires much of thei r time.◆In American, dating a variety of members of opposite sex does not indicate frivolity on part of a m an or promiscuity on part of a woman.◆City people in America always appear in a hurry and tend to be impatient if they are delayed even for a brief moment. They lead a fast paced life.◆The notable characteristics: Individualism, Informality, Casual Friendship, Time Consciousness, a nd Materialism best describe attitudes and practices that common among the American people. ◆On the arrival in the US, a foreign student should gain further information on local housing option s, and some knowledge of types of housing, rent, utilities, facilities, transit service, etc. before sign ing a contract.◆Traffic accidents in the US are usually considered to result from carelessness, or mechanical failur es, and not from “fate”, “God’s will”, or other forces beyond human control.◆A great number of colorful foreign words have been brought into the English language, and many foreign dishes have gradually been adopted and anglicized since the Great Britain’s colonial time.◆The Chinese woman found that eating American meals most troublesome. She could neither appre ciate the food prepared by the Americans nor understand Americans’ talk and laugh after the din ner.◆ A New Year’s resolution is a determination to yourself to improve in some way in the coming new year.◆Easter is now a festival less religious and people in the Western countries celebrate it just for fun a nd enjoy it with the Easter Symbols-Easter Bunny, Easter Egg, and Easter flowers.◆On Halloween night, people dress up in different costumes, wear masks, and yell “trick or treat!” at the doors of their neighbors’ houses.◆Sports and recreation absorb a huge amount of Americans’ emotion, as well as their time, and in some cases, money.◆Marking noise while eating is considered as ill-bred, and a person who does so may offend those who are having dinner with him/her.◆When invited to a dinner, you should not express your disapproval or dislike of certain foods. Eith er eat it or pass it over quietly. Eat it if you like and set it aside if you dislike it.◆When purchasing a car, it is advisable for the foreign student to be accompanied by an American who is familiar with the procedures involved, price ranges, and so forth.◆The most refined action of “please pass me the salt/pepper.” is not about the efficiency but requ ires the greatest number of steps to carry it out.◆President Nixon had to resign mainly because reporters for Washington Post newspaper revealed t hat the president had lied when he was asked about the Watergate burglary.。