定语从句详解
初中定语从句详解及练习附答案
定语从句详解及练习附答案第一部分:基础知识（一）．定语从句概述定语可以由形容词，代词，数词,名词，不定式,介词短语来充当。
如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句,又可称为形容词性从句。
定语从句通常修饰某一名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的这一名词或代词叫先行词，它位于定语从句之前，定语从句在先行词后面，应尽量紧跟先行词。
定语从句的作用即在于对先行词进行限定说明或补充说明。
(二）．定语从句的引导词.定语从句的引导词分为两类，关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose ）和关系副词( when, where，why ），引导词在先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，即连接先行词和定语从句，更重要的是,它又在定语从句中作一个成分。
（三）．关系代词1。
that 指人，物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语.This is the photo that I took in the country.He is the singer that I met yesterday。
2。
which 指物，在从句中作主语,宾语，在非限定定语从句中充当定语，或者代替前句The film which we saw last night was moving.3. who 指人，在从句中作主语,宾语。
The person who visited our classroom yesterday was our new headmaster。
The man who you just talked to is Tom。
4。
whom 指人，在从句中作宾语。
That is the professor whom you want to know。
5. whose 指人，物，在从句中作定语,相当于先行词+ ’s，后接一名词.I know the boy whose parents are dead。
I don’t like those cities whose roads are dirty.注:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解Ⅰ、概念:(１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。
(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。
先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。
(3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。
关系词得作用:1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词;２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语)常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。
常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语）可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose,The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、定语从句三步：第一找出先行词;第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语);第三选择合适得关系词。
Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法:●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。
(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如:1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语)2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw?3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语)4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about?5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语）7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、= Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。
（完整版）定语从句详解+例句
Attributive Clause定语从句一、定义定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句。
换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
1关系代词：在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分2关系副词：在定语从句中担任状语成分关系词3个功能：1. 连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句）；2. 担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语）；3. 替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词）。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语的是： who, that, which, as宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as定语的是： whose, which先行词是人时，关系代词是：who, whom, that, as先行词是物时，关系代词是：which, that, whose, as关系副词有：when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因)关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。
先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性，且一般由which引导。
唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
定语从句详解(很全)
定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which,as。
关系副词有：when,where,why,how。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。
当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
一、定语从句的翻译许多英语初学者往往弄不明白为什么引导定语从句的关系词which不能译为“哪一个”，who不能译为“谁”，when不能译为“什么时候”，where不能译为“什么地方”，等等。
首先，我们必须要明白一点，那就是引导定语从句的which,who,when,where,why等是关系词（关系代词或关系副词），而不是疑问词，所以不能按疑问词的意思来理解。
前面我们讲到，英语中的定语从句总是后置的，即要放在被修饰名词或代词之后；但在汉语中，定语通常是前置的，也就是说定语要放在被修饰名词的前面，并通常表现为“……的”这样的形式。
当我们翻译英语中定语从句的时候，一般可以按汉语习惯，将定语从句翻译在被修饰的名词或代词之前，而其中的关系词一般就是译成汉语中的“……的”。
如：He showed me the article that he had written.他把他写的文章拿给我看。
句中的that he had written为修饰名词the article的定语从句，翻译时就可译为“他写的文章”，其中的关系代词that在此译成了“的”字。
She was not in the train which arrived just now.她不在刚到的那列火车上。
定语从句(详解及关键注意事项)
定语从句1、定语可以由形容词，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句．2、定语从句用来修饰名词，代词或整个主句．3、定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
4、定语从句存在的条件:先行词+关系词+从句5、定语从句的构成步骤：1）找出先行词a．确定从句中关系代词的人称和数。
b．确定定语从句的位置（一般定语从句都紧跟在先行词后）2）确定关系代词在从句中所担当的成分，以确定关系代词的格。
3）确定从句时态，根据实际情况确定定语从句的时态（它的时态和语态都不受主句的限制）。
（一）定语从句及相关术语1、定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.注意：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词应与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
(1) I, who am your best friend, will do all that I can to help you.(2) The family, who are fond of music, go to the concert once a month.(3) He is one of the boys in our class who speak English well.（one of +复数名词+关系代词引导的定语从句谓语动词用复数形式）(4) He is the only one of the boys in our class who speaks English well.the (only；very；right) one of +复数名词+关系代词引导的定语从句谓语动词用单数形式）2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当动词或介词的宾语，常可省略。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as（主, 宾, 定）关系副词: when, where, why.（状语）2.关系词的作用:（1）引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
英语定语从句语法详解
英语定语从句语法详解定语从句是英语中非常重要的一个语法结构，用于修饰名词或代词，并且在句子中起到定语的作用。
在本文中，我们将详细介绍英语定语从句的概念、用法以及常见的引导词。
一、定语从句的概念和用途定语从句是由一个句子作为整体，用来修饰名词或代词的句子。
它可以提供进一步的信息，使得句子更加具体明确。
定语从句通常放置在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
例如：The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
In this sentence, "that I bought yesterday"是一个定语从句，修饰名词"book"，进一步解释了这本书的情况。
二、引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
常见的关系代词有：who、whom、whose、which、that等；常见的关系副词有：when、where、why等。
1. 关系代词的用法a. who/whom/whose：用于人。
who用作主语或宾语，whom用作宾语，而whose表示所有关系。
例如：The man who is standing over there is my father.那个站在那里的人是我爸爸。
The boy whom I met yesterday is my classmate.我昨天遇到的那个男孩是我的同学。
This is the house whose roof is red.这是一座屋顶是红色的房子。
b. which/that：用于物。
which用作主语或宾语，that可用作主语、宾语或定语。
例如：The car which/that is parked in front of the house is mine.停在房子前面的那辆车是我的。
The book which/that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解Ⅰ. 概念：(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用：1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。
常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when（时间状语）、why（原因状语）、where（地点状语）可以修饰人的关系代词：that, who, whom, whose可以修饰事的关系代词：that, which, as, whose,The student who answered the question was John.I know the reason why he was so angry.The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.I'd like a room whose window faces the sea.定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。
Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法：●that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。
(指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如：1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?3. You can take anything ( that) you like. （宾语）4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about?5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.（表语）7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be.（= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from what it used to be。
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定语从句详解 Prepared on 24 November 2020定语从句（AttributiveClauses）一：定义 (AttributiveClauses)：在复合句中，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导的，用作定语来修饰主句的某个名词或代词（先行词）或者整个句子的形容词性从句（定语从句），一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
定语从句三要素：先行词，关系词和从句1）先行词：被定语从句修饰的词2）关系词：引导定语从句，代替先行词在从句中充当成分的词3）从句：既然为句，就有人称，时态，数的变化。
二：关系词：关系代词和关系副词关系代词：who（指人），whom，whose，that，which，as；在从句中做主语，宾语，或定语，指人或物关系副词：when（时间），where（地点），why（原因）；在从句中依次做时间，地点，原因状语，可以用介词（in，on，for，during等）+ which替换★补充1：人称代词：指直接指代人或者事物的代词★补充2：物主代词：表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也叫人称代词的所有格★归纳表格（1）—关系代词★归纳表格（2）—关系代词★归纳表格（3）—关系代词★归纳表格（4）—关系副词3：具体用法及实例关系代词1）Who：who在从句中主要作主语，在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语，但不能放在介词后（1）主语分解：The man is a teacher. The man is speaking in the classroom.合并：The man who is speaking in the classroom is a teacher（2）宾语分解：The man is my friend. You met the man in the street just now.合并：The man who（whom）you met in the street just now（可后置） is my friend.（3）概括He is the man who wants to see you.He is the man who I saw in the park yesterday.2）Whom：在从句中作宾语，可放在介词后（1）宾语分解：The woman is a doctor. They want to visit the woman.合并： The woman whom they wanted to visit is a doctor.（2）概括He is the man （whom） I saw in the park yesterday.小结：Who whom 都可在定语从句中充当宾语成分，但whom作为宾语，较为正式；而who作为宾语使用时，常用语非正式语中；二者若同时出现而且充当相同成分，whom优先。
3）Whose：用来指人或物，（只能用作定语，若指物，相当于名词所有格，可以同of which互换）。
（1）定语分解：The teacher praised Lilei. His English is the best in our class.合并：The teacher praised Lilei, whose English is the best in our class.分解：The house is mine. The window of the house is broken.合并：1）The house whose window is broken is mine. Whose = the house’s （whose相当于先行词的所有格）2）The house the window of which is broken is mine.3）The house of which the window is broken is mine.4) which：指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，可放介词后（1）主语分解：Basketball is a game. Basketball is liked by most boys合并：Basketball is a game which is liked by most boys.（2）宾语分解：We visited the farm yesterday. The Farm is located in the suburb of Beijing. 合并：The Farm (which) we visited yesterday is located in the suburb of Beijing. （3）概括They needed a plant which didn't need as much water as rice.★5）that：多用来指物，有时也可以用来指人；在从句中作主语或宾语；指物的时候多用that，也可用which。
（1）常规用法：It’s a question that (whic h) needs careful consideration.（指物，作主语。
）Who is the man that is reading a magazine under the tree （指人，作主语。
）The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Tom’s sister.（指物，作宾语）（2）特殊用法：以下情况只能用that1. 先行词为all , everything, anything, nothing, little等不定代词时。
eg: All (that) she lacked was training.2.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时eg:This is the best film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词被序数词和the last修饰时eg: This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.4. 先行词中既有人又有物，人物并存时eg:They talked about the teachers and the schools that they had visited.5.先行词被 every some no all any little much 等修饰时eg: I have read all the books that you lend me.6.先行词被the only, the very, the same ,the last 修饰时eg: He is the only worker that was praised by the boss in the meeting yesterday.7.主句中已经有who 或者 which 时eg: Who is the student that is standing in the classroom.eg: Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.小结：关系代词That和which 在指物时，通常情况下，可以互换；某些情况（如上）只能用that；而某些情况（如下）不能用1:引导非限制性定语从句时2:在定语从句中，作介词的宾语，而介词又置于其前时，不能用that；通常介词也会放到选项中，以增加难度；而在固定短语中，介词是不能提前的。
eg: This is the boy with whom he talked.eg: This is the book on which she spent 10 dollars.eg: The man whom/who you spoke to is a scientist.eg: The man to whom/who you spoke is a scientist. （×）eg: The city that/which he lives in is far away.eg: The city in that/which he lives is far away.（×）eg: Is this the book you are looking foreg: The old man whom I am looking after is better.关系副词6）When：先行词是时间，在句中充当时间状语eg: I remember the day when I first met her.eg: The time when we got together finally came7）Where:先行词是地点，在剧中充当地点状语eg: China is the country where I was born.eg: The housewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.8）Why：先行词是reason，在句中充当原因状语eg: Can you tell me the reason why you lost the basketball game.eg: Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.小结：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear.(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began toknow what he wanted when he grew up.(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which/where I was born.小结：关系代词和关系副词关系代词在定语从句中做主语，宾语和定语；关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
四：种类1）限制性定语从句eg: Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.eg: The town where I live is beautiful.2）非限制性定语从句eg: Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.eg: Linyi, where I live, is beautiful.eg: My dictionary, which I bought last year is very popular with students.eg: This novel, which I have read three times, is very interesting.3）区别（1）限制性定语从句是先行词不可或缺的部分，如若去掉，主句意思往往不明确；而非限制性从句是先行词的附加说明，即便去掉，也不会影响主句的意思，与主句之间通常用逗号分开。