新题型大学英语四级教程--答案(上交大版)

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2020年大学英语四级考试新题型样卷答案

2020年大学英语四级考试新题型样卷答案

大学英语四级考试新题型样卷答案Part I WritingA Campaign SpeechGood evening,ladies and gentlemen,Thank you for coming to this election campaign today. With the trust and complete support of my team, I am delighted to announce that I am running for chairman of the Student Union.As a diligent man with pleasant personality, I have been always considered to be a good team member. Meanwhile, as a big fan of sports I fully realize the importance of teamwork and advocate the spirit of being quicker and stronger. I possess strong determination to take firm steps toward achieving the objectives of my team. In addition, my working experience with the Student Union in the past two years will be extremely helpful to my future work here if I get elected.A sign of a really strong organization is that it can change its leadership without hindering its progress and without damaging its values. If I am elected, I believe I have the capability to lead the Union to advance in the right direction. I will cooperate well with my fellow members of the Union and take innovative measures, including establishing a student-information center, forming a teacher-student-friendship association, to make the Union a true assistance t o students’study and life here as well as a bridge of communication between teachers and students.Thank you very much!Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1.Y2.Y3.N4.N5.Y6.N7.NG8. municipalities and construction companies9. $10 to $4010. drop-off stationsPart III Listening ComprehensionSection A11-15 DBACB 16-20 CDCDB 21-25 BCAADSection B26-30 DABAC 31-35 BDBBBSection C36. effort 37. officials 38. negotiate 39. balanced40. competition 41. exchange 42. process 43. environmental44. These “greenhouse gases”trap heat in the atmosphere and are blamed for changing the world’s climate.45. But currently, nations producing only 44 percent have approved the Protocol. Russia produces about 17 percent of the world’s greenhouse gases.46. To join the W.T.O., a country must reach trade agreements w ith major trading countries that are also W.T.O. members.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A47-51 EIFDJ 52-56 BLHCGSection B57-61 ABDCD 62-66 CDBABPart V Cloze67-71 CABCD 72-76 BCCBD 77-81 BADBA 82-86 ABCADPart VI Translation87. Whether (it is) heated or not88. did he charge me too much/did he overcharge me89. compared with mine/ in comparison with mine90. half as much (money)s success to91. to attribute their children’。

大学英语四级新题型考试指南答案

大学英语四级新题型考试指南答案

大学英语四级新题型考试指南答案全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Guide to New Types of Questions in College English Test Band 4IntroductionThe College English Test Band 4 (CET-4) is a standardized English proficiency test in China. It is widely used as a requirement for graduation and employment. In recent years, the test has undergone some changes in its format, including the introduction of new types of questions. This guide aims to provide examinees with an overview of these new question types and some strategies to tackle them effectively.New Types of Questions1. Multiple-choice questions with more than one correct answer: In these questions, examinees are required to select all the correct answers from a list of options. This type of question tests not only the examinee’s understanding of the content but also their ability to distinguish between correct and incorrect information.2. Sentence completion questions: These questions require examinees to complete a sentence with an appropriate word or phrase. Examinees should pay attention to the context of the sentence and choose the most suitable option that fits the meaning.3. Reading comprehension questions with multiple answers: Instead of selecting one correct answer, examinees are required to choose more than one answer that best matches the information presented in the text. This type of question assesses the examin ee’s ability to comprehend and analyze information.4. Short answer questions: Examinees are asked to provide brief responses to questions based on the reading passage. This type of question requires examinees to demonstrate their understanding of the text and their ability to articulate their thoughts concisely.5. Matching questions: In these questions, examinees are required to match items from two columns based on their relationships or similarities. Examinees should carefully consider the connections between the items before making their choices.Strategies for Tackling New Types of Questions1. Read the instructions carefully: Make sure to read the instructions for each question type thoroughly to understand what is expected of you. Pay attention to the number of correct answers required and the format of the response.2. Skim the text: Before answering the questions, take a few minutes to skim through the reading passage to get an overview of the content. This will help you identify key information and main ideas that will guide your answers.3. Eliminate wrong choices: If you are unsure about a question, try to eliminate the options that are clearly incorrect. This will increase your chances of selecting the correct answer from the remaining choices.4. Use context clues: When completing sentences or answering questions, use context clues from the text to guide your choice of words or phrases. Pay attention to the surrounding text to determine the most suitable answer.5. Practice regularly: Familiarize yourself with the new question types by practicing sample questions and past papers. This will help you become more comfortable with the format and improve your performance on test day.ConclusionThe introduction of new types of questions in the CET-4 test requires examinees to adapt their test-taking strategies accordingly. By familiarizing themselves with the new question types and practicing regularly, examinees can enhance their performance and achieve better results. Remember to approach each question with a clear understanding of the instructions and use effective strategies to tackle them confidently. Good luck with your preparation for the CET-4 test!篇2College English Core 4 New Question Type Exam Guide and AnswersWith the continuous development and innovation in education, the College English Core 4 (CET-4) exam has also introduced new question types to better assess students' English proficiency. In this guide, we will discuss the new question types that you may encounter in the CET-4 exam, and provide sample answers to help you better prepare for the test.1. Multiple-choice ClozeIn the multiple-choice cloze question, you will be presented with a passage where several words are missing. Your task is to choose the correct word from the given options to fill in theblanks. To excel in this question type, pay attention to the context and the overall meaning of the passage. Here is a sample question:Example:In today's fast-paced world, it is important to ___________ stress and find ways to relax.A) induceB) reduceC) increaseD) maintainAnswer: B) reduce2. Reading Comprehension with Multiple QuestionsThis question type requires you to read a passage and answer multiple questions based on the information in the passage. Make sure to carefully read the questions before reading the passage to have a better understanding of what to look for. Here is a sample question:Example:According to the passage, what is the main cause of global warming?A) DeforestationB) Industrial pollutionC) Greenhouse gasesD) Ozone depletionAnswer: C) Greenhouse gases3. Sentence TransformationIn this question type, you will be given a sentence with a specific instruction on how to rewrite it. You must maintain the original meaning of the sentence while using the given word or phrase. Practice different sentence structures to excel in this question type. Here is a sample question:Example:The teacher asked the students to finish their homework by Friday.Transform the sentence using "have".Answer: The teacher insisted that the students have their homework finished by Friday.4. Error RecognitionIn the error recognition question, you will be presented with a sentence where one part contains an error. Your task is to identify the error and choose the correct option to correct it. Pay attention to grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. Here is a sample question:Example:I have visit my grandparents last weekend.A) have visitB) myC) lastD) visitedAnswer: C) last5. Short Answer QuestionsIn this question type, you will be asked to provide a short answer to a question based on the information provided in the passage. Make sure to be concise and directly address the question. Here is a sample question:Example:What are the benefits of regular exercise?Answer: Regular exercise improves physical health, reduces stress, and boosts mood.By familiarizing yourself with these new question types and practicing with sample questions, you can better prepare for the CET-4 exam. Remember to manage your time effectively during the exam and stay calm and focused. Good luck!(Note: The sample questions and answers provided in this guide are for illustrative purposes only and may not reflect actual questions in the CET-4 exam.)篇3College English Test Band Four (CET-4) is one of the most important English proficiency exams in China. The test is widely recognized by universities and employers across the country. In recent years, a new test format has been introduced to better assess students' English skills. In this guide, we will discuss the new test format and provide answers to some commonly asked questions.The new test format for CET-4 consists of four sections: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Translation. Each sectionassesses different aspects of the test-taker's English proficiency. Here is a brief overview of each section:1. Listening: This section contains a series of recorded conversations, monologues, and lectures. Test-takers are required to listen carefully and answer multiple-choice questions based on the audio clips. This section tests the student's listening comprehension skills.2. Reading: In this section, test-takers are presented with a series of reading passages, including short articles, essays, and news reports. They must read the passages carefully and answer multiple-choice questions to test their reading comprehension skills.3. Writing: This section requires test-takers to write two short essays on given topics. They must demonstrate their ability to express ideas clearly and coherently, as well as their proficiency in grammar and vocabulary.4. Translation: In this section, test-takers are required to translate a short English passage into Chinese. This section tests the student's translation skills and their understanding of both languages.Now let's move on to some commonly asked questions about the new test format:Q: How should I prepare for the Listening section?A: To prepare for the Listening section, you should practice listening to English audio clips regularly. You can watch English movies, listen to English podcasts, and take online listening comprehension tests to improve your listening skills.Q: What can I do to improve my reading comprehension skills?A: To improve your reading comprehension skills, you should read English articles, books, and news reports regularly. Make note of new words and phrases that you encounter, and practice summarizing the main ideas of each passage.Q: How can I improve my writing skills for the Writing section?A: To improve your writing skills, you should practice writing essays on a variety of topics. Focus on organizing your ideas logically, using proper grammar and vocabulary, and supporting your arguments with examples and evidence.Q: How can I prepare for the Translation section?A: To prepare for the Translation section, you should practice translating English passages into Chinese and vice versa. Focus on maintaining the original meaning of the text while also using accurate grammar and vocabulary.In conclusion, the new test format for CET-4 is designed to better assess students' English skills and provide a more comprehensive evaluation of their proficiency. By following the tips and strategies outlined in this guide, you can improve your performance on the exam and achieve a high score. Good luck!。

新题型大学英语四级教程--答案解析

新题型大学英语四级教程--答案解析

·沪发排版·
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3. TheLackofIndependenceamongCollegeStudents
Thepicturedepictsacollegefreshmanwalkingintothecampusproudlywithasmallschool bagfollowedbyhisparentscarryingveryheavythingsontheirbacks.Itpresentsacommon phenomenonin present China.Thatis,mostcollegestudents,asthesolechildren oftheir families,takeforgrantedtheirexcessivedependenceupontheirparents.
专项练习及模拟题答案及详解
写作专项练习参考范文


(一 )图 画 作 文


1.

ParentsAretheBestTeachersforChildren
模 拟
Asispresentedintheabovepicture,whileayoung motheriswashinghermother’sfeet,
题 答
herlittleboycomestofanher.Thelittleboyfollowshismother’sexampleofrespectingthe 案
eldersanddoessomethingtohelp.Thepicturevividlytellsusthatparentsarethebestteachers

全新版大学英语综合教程4答案

全新版大学英语综合教程4答案

全新版大学英语综合教程4答案该文档为全新版大学英语综合教程4的答案,旨在帮助学生巩固和加深对课程的理解。

请注意,这些答案仅供参考,建议学生在自己独立完成练习后再参考答案进行对比。

Unit 1Exercise 11.blasting off2.came across3. a sight to behold4.set out/off5.caught sight of6.rub shoulders with7.take off8.embark on9.make it10.set foot onExercise 21.Why don’t you take up jogging? It’s good for your health.2.I can’t stand sitting in traffic every day.3.Let’s put off the meeting until next week.4.She ended up selling all her belongings and traveling around the world.5.I’d rather you did the chores before going out.6.I have no clue how to solve this difficult problem.7.You should take advantage of the opportunity to study abroad.8.Could you please turn down the music? It’s too loud.9.We need to come up with a solution as soon as possible.10.I’m so looking forward to the summer vacation. I need a break.Exercise 31.C2.B3.A4.D5.CUnit 2Exercise 11.I regret not taking your advice.2.She insisted on talking to the manager.3.We apologize for any inconvenience caused.4.I suggest going to the new restaurant downtown.5.He denied stealing the money.Exercise 21.It is compulsory for all students to attend the seminar.2.We had a heated discussion about the issue, but we reached a compromise in the end.3.Can you make an exception for me this time?4.The professor has a vast knowledge of the subject.5.The government should invest more in education. Exercise 31.D2.A3.C4.D5.BUnit 3Exercise 11.We cannot afford to be late for the meeting.2.He enjoys hiking in the mountains on weekends.3.She is likely to win the competition.4.We are determined to finish the project on time.5.The company is considering expanding its business overseas.Exercise 21.In my opinion, selling the company is the best option.2.I’m against the idea of building a new shopping mall in the neighborhood.3.We need to take into account the opinions of all stakeholders.4.The government needs to take immediate action to address the issue of pollution.5.It is essential to develop good communication skills for success in the workplace.Exercise 31.C2.B3.A4.D5.CUnit 4Exercise 11.be addicted to2.cope with3.give in4.grow up5.look up to6.put up with7.take after8.take up9.think highly of10.to come up withExercise 21.I can’t put up with his constant complaining anymore.2.It’s not easy to give up smoking, but it’s worth it.3.She takes after her mother in terms of appearance.4.I think highly of his dedication and hard work.5.I have to cope with a heavy workload at the moment, but it will get better.Exercise 31.D2.A3.B4.C5.DUnit 5Exercise 11.make sense2.make up one’s mind3.make progress4.make a difference5.make do with6.make an exception7.make a living8.make a mistake9.make the most of10.make itExercise 21.I finally made up my mind to quit my job and start my own business.2.The organization works to make a difference in the lives of underprivileged children.3.Despite the difficulties, she managed to make a living as a freelance writer.4.We need to make the most of our time together and create lasting memories.Exercise 31.D2.C3.A4.B5.D总结本文档列出了全新版大学英语综合教程4每个单元的练习答案。

全新版大学英语综合教程第四册课文翻译及习题答案(上海外语教育出版

全新版大学英语综合教程第四册课文翻译及习题答案(上海外语教育出版

Chinese Translations of Texts A(Units 1-8)参考译文第一单元与自然力量抗争课文A????人道是骄兵必败。

就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧,他们所向披靡,便以为自己战无不胜,不可阻挡。

但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。

冰雪卫士奈拉·B·斯密斯????1812年,法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。

他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。

他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。

但他没有料到在莫斯科他会遭遇劲敌——俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。

1941年,纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。

希特勒的军事实力堪称无敌。

他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。

希特勒希望速战速决,但是,就像在他之前的拿破仑一样,他得到的是痛苦的教训。

仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。

拿破仑发起的战役????1812年春,拿破仑在俄国边境屯兵60万。

这些士兵受过良好训练,作战力强,装备精良。

这支军队被称为大军。

拿破仑对马到成功充满自信,预言要在5个星期内攻下俄国。

????不久,拿破仑的大军渡过涅曼河进入俄国。

拿破仑期盼着的速决速胜迟迟没有发生。

令他吃惊的是,俄国人并不奋起抵抗。

相反,他们一路东撤,沿途焚毁庄稼和民居。

大军紧追不舍,但它的长驱直入很快由于粮草运输缓慢而停顿下来。

????到了8月,法俄两军在斯摩棱斯克交战,这一战役中,双方各有上万人阵亡。

可是,俄国人仍能在自己的国土上继续后撒。

拿破仑未能取得决定性的胜利。

此刻他面临着一个重要抉择。

是继续追击俄国,军队,还是把军队驻扎在斯摩棱斯克,在那儿度过将到的冬天? ????拿破仑孤注一掷,决定向远在448公里之外的莫斯科进发。

1812年9月7日,法俄两军在莫斯科以西112公里外的鲍罗季诺激战。

夜幕降临时,3万名法国士兵以及4万4千名俄国士兵或伤或亡,倒在了战场上。

应用型大学英语综合教程四(16章)课后习题答案(上海交通大学出版)

应用型大学英语综合教程四(16章)课后习题答案(上海交通大学出版)

第一单元Part 14. Working with words and phrases(b)1. dull a. someone's mind(c)2. pump b. knife(e)3. sweep c. water(a)4. read d. throat(f)5. turkey e. the floor(d)6. sore f. Dinner1.She almost (choked) to death in the thick fumes.2. The woman hurried to the bank, only to find that she had left her bankbook at home. Shebecame (frantic).3. The situation for the flood victims was quite dangerous. (Drastic) action had to be taken atonce.4. Fortunately, the drowned boy was (resuscitated) by first aid.5. The old lady tripped over a stairway and became (unconscious). She was rushed to hospital.6. Many people can have their vision restored by undergoing a (surgical) operation.7. Because of government (intervention) in the mortgage market, interest rates remain neartheir lowest levels in decades.8. Last night two burglars (broke into) my office and stole one of the computers.9. They have (taken over) our firm by buying up our shares.10. Will there be any difference between the mental and the (manual) laborin the future?7. Practice: translation1. After a hectic week treating patients with sore throats and ear infections at his family practice, the 52-year-old physician was ready for a night of home cooking and fellowship at his church's annual fund-raising dinner.Reference answer:这位52岁的内科医生在他的家庭诊所忙碌了整整一个星期,治疗那些患有咽喉疼痛或耳朵感染的病人,这时正准备在他所属教会的年度筹款晚宴上享受一些家常烹饪,并和教友相聚。

新题型大学英语四级教程--答案

新题型大学英语四级教程--答案

附录二参考答案U n i t 1Ⅳ.B i l i n gu a l S t u d i e s 2.T r a n s l a t i o n (1)h a v eb e e n r e v e r e da sm a s t e r s i nE u r o pe (2)T h e r e i s n o t h i n g m o r em y s t e r i o u s t h a n (3)t h em a i n l a n do fC h i n ah a v en o t y e t e s t a b l i s h e d t h e m s e l v e s a s av e r y s t r o n gp r e s e n c e (4)a r eh a r d e r ,t o u g h e r a n d s t r o n g e r t h a n (5)i sm o r eb e a u t if u l t h a na p i c t u r e (6)m o r eo f a na r t i s t t h a no f a t e a c h e r(7)p l a y e dw i t hm o r ed a r i n g t h a n s k i l l (8)w i s e r t h a n t ob e l i e v e ;w i t h o u t a s e c o n d t h o u g h t (9)m o r e t h a n i t d i d l a s t y e a rⅤ.V o c a b u l a r y Bu i l d e r 2.B u s i n e s sE n g l i s h W o r dB u i l d i n g A c t i v i t i e s (1)C ㊀(2)B ㊀(3)A ㊀(4)C ㊀(5)A ㊀(6)C (7)A ㊀(8)C ㊀(9)B ㊀(10)C ㊀(11)B ㊀(12)A ⅥW r i t i n g 1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :D i c t i o n (1)E x e r c i s e (A ):(a )s t r a y ;㊀㊀(b )l i c k i n g ;㊀㊀(c )s o a k ;㊀㊀(d )e n v e l o p e d ;㊀㊀(e )p r e s s e d ,t h i e v e d ,f l a s h e d ...o v e r E x e r c i s e (B ):(a )W e s h o u l da l s oc o n s i d e r p u b l i c r e l a t i o n s .(b )T h e r e f o r e ,y o u r p r o p o s a l s e e m s t ou s u n pr a c t i c a l .(c )H i s d e v e l o p m e n t o f a s e r i e s o f n e wr e s e a r c hm e t h o d s l e d t oh i s g r e a t s u c c e s s .(d )N o tm a n y t e a c h e r s c a n t e a c he f f e c t i v e l y .(e )E v e n t u a l l y an e wf a dw i l l r e p l a c e t h i s s c o o t e r c r a z e .E x e r c i s e (C ):(a )T h e n e w s a b o u t t h i s e l e c t i o n s c a n d a l w a s f i r s t r e p o r t e d i n t h e l o c a l n e w s p a p e r .(b )N o s c i e n t i s t k n o w s e x a c t l y w h e r e t h e i n f o r m a t i o nh i g h w a y w i l l l e a du s .(c )C o m pe t e n c ea l o n es h o u l d b e a b l et o d e c i d e w h e t h e rat e a c h e rs h o u l d b e a l l o w e d t o t e a c h .(d )T h e s t o c k h o l d e r s c a nh a r d l y b e c r e d u l o u s e n o u g h t o b e l i e v ew h a t t h e y a r e t o l d .(e )T h e m o s ta n n o y i n g t a s ki m p o s e d o n t h e y o u n g i m pa t i e n t m o t h e ri st h e c h a n g i n g o f e n d l e s s d i a p e r s .(b e s t o w =授予;含褒义e .g.b e s t o wa nh o n o r o n t h eh e r o )(f )T h es i t u a t i o n h a sb e c o m e v e r y s e r i o u sa n d r e qu i r e si m m e d i a t e a t t e n t i o n .332 附录二(d r a s t i c=激进的/严重的;常充当定语㊂e.g.d r a s t i c m e a s u r e s;ad r a s t i cs h o r t a g e o f w a t e r)2.W r i t i n g A c t i v i t i e sT a s kA:T h eB e s t P a r e n t sB a s e d o n t h e c h i l d-p a r e n t s r e l a t i o n s h i p,p s y c h o l o g i s t s h a v e i d e n t i f i e d t h r e e t y p e s o f p a r e n t s:p e r m i s s i v e,a u t o c r a t i c a n da u t h o r i t a t i v e.C o n f r o n t e db y a15-y e a r-o l d w h o w a n t st oa t t e n daS a t u r d a y-n i g h t p a r t y,a p e r m i s s i v e p a r e n tm i g h ts a y: O k a y,b u tt r y n o tt os t a y o u tt o ol a t e. P e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t sa r ee i t h e r i n d i f f e r e n t t o t h e i r k i d s o r s p o i l t h ek i d s t o om u c h.A na u t o c r a t i c p a r e n tm i g h t r e s p o n d, N o, y o ua r e t o o y o u n g f o r t h a t. E n do f d i s c u s s i o n.A u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t s d i c t a t e,d o w n t o t h e l a s t d e t a i l s.T h ea u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n t c o n s i d e r s t h e c h i l d s v i e w p o i n t,t h e n d e c i d e s: Y o u k n o wo u r r u l e a b o u t w e e k e n d s.W e a g r e e d o n a10o c l o c k c u r f e w.Y o u c a n g o t o t h e p a r t y i f y o u r eh o m e b y10. K i d sm a yp r e f e r p e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t s a n d r e b e l a g a i n s t a u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t s.U n d o u b t e d l y,t h em o s t b e n e f i c i a l t o t h e c h i l d r e n s g r o w t h i s t h e a u t h o r i t a t i v e s t y l e,w h i c h g i v e s t h e ml e e w a y b u ta l s os e t sf i r ml i m i t s.C o m i n g d o w nh a r do n e v e r yp e t t y d e t a i le s c a l a t e s m i n o rd i s a g r e e m e n t si n t oa l l-o u t w a r f a r e,a n d m a y a l i e n a t et h e c h i l d r e n f r o mt h e i r p a r e n t s.O n t h eo t h e r h a n d,a l l o w i n g k i d s f u l l f r e e d o m m e a n s l e a v i n g t h e m g r o w i n g w i l d.O n l y t h e p a r e n t sw h oa l l o wt h e i rk i d s f r e e d o m w i t hr e s p o n s i b i l i t y,a n d w i t h i n d i s c i p l i n a r y l i m i t s,h a v e m o r ei n f l u e n c et h a n e i t h e ra u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t so r p e r m i s s i v e o n e s.C h i l d r e nw i t ha u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n t s a l w a y s e n j o y ah e a l t h y e n v i r o n m e n t i nw h i c h t o g r o w.T a s kB:W o r ka n d p l e a s u r e a r e t w o i m p o r t a n t p a r t s o f e v e r y o n e s l i f e.P e o p l e l e a d d i f f e r e n t t y p e s o f l i f eb a s i c a l l y b e c a u s eo f t h e i r d i f f e r e n t a t t i t u d e t o w a r dw o r ka n d p l e a s u r e.I tm a y b es a i dt h a tr a t i o n a la n di n d u s t r i o u s(勤劳)h u m a nb e i n g sa r ed i v i d e di n t ot w o c l a s s e s:f i r s t,t h o s ew h o s ew o r ki sw o r ka n dw h o s e p l e a s u r e i s p l e a s u r e;s e c o n d,t h o s ew h o s e w o r k a n d p l e a s u r e a r e o n e.O f t h e s e t h e f o r m e r a r e t h e m a j o r i t y.T h e y h a v e t h e i r c o m p e n s a t i o n s.T h e l o n g h o u r s i n t h e o f f i c e o r f a c t o r y b r i n g w i t h t h e ma s t h e i r r e w a r d,n o t o n l y t h em e a n s o f l i v i n g,b u t k e e na p p e t i t e f o r p l e a s u r e e v e n i n i t s s i m p l e s t a n dm o s tm o d e s t f o r m s.B u t F o r t u n e s f a v o r e dc h i l d r e n(命运之神的宠儿)b e l o n g t ot h es e c o n dc l a s s.T h e i r l i f ei sa n a t u r a l h a r m o n y.F o r t h e mt h ew o r k i n g h o u r s a r e n e v e r l o n g e n o u g h.E a c hd a y i s a h o l i d a y,a n d o r d i n a r y h o l i d a y s w h e n t h e y c o m e a r e g u a r d e d a se n f o r c e di n t e r r u p t i o n si n a n a b s o r b i n g v o c a t i o n.I nm y o p i n i o n,t h e n e e d o f a n a l t e r n a t i v e o u t l o o k,o f a c h a n g e o f a t m o s p h e r e i s e s s e n t i a l t o b o t hc l a s s e s.I n d e e d,i tm a y w e l l b e t h a t t h o s ew h o s ew o r k i s t h e i r p l e a s u r e a r e t h o s ew h om o s t n e e d t oc h a n g e t h e i r a t t i t u d eo n c e i naw h i l e.U n i t2Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n432(1)对这次考试成绩的详细分析表明,目前教学还存在着严重问题㊂(2)尽管索尔克博士研制艾滋病疫苗的方式受到批评,但他和他的商业伙伴对成功仍充满信心㊂(3)我们必须考虑选择其他一些饮食模式:减少肉食消费,多食用新型高蛋白豆制品,开发海洋资源食品㊂(4)当今广大民众对科学的兴趣重又燃起,这很大程度上是由于斯蒂芬㊃霍金及他用简易语言表述复杂理论的才能㊂(5)当看到一些学生的作品得以发表,我尝到了其中的喜悦㊂(6)小笠原亮现年六十五岁,是位建筑工人㊂他至今仍为当年的记忆所困扰 他曾在一个用战俘做实验品的秘密医疗部队服役过两年㊂(7)当今,教育及其相关的科研仍是麻省理工学院的主要目标,而且其指导原则与现实世界存在着一定相关性㊂(8)许多第三世界国家,由于失业率高,工资低,出现了工人移居发达国家的现象㊂(9)如果你大学毕业时具备了训练有素的头脑,即使没学到什么有用的东西,你仍会走在前列,某种意义上也仍是个受过教育的人㊂(10)美国每年有数万人,在他们的心脏还足以维持生命的情况下,却因急救不充分而死去㊂Ⅵ.W r i t i n g 2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :H o wt oP r e pa r e f o r a n I n t e r v i e w J ob i n t e r v i e wi s t h e p r oc e s s i nw h i c h y o u r p r o s p e c t i v e e m p l o ye r c o l l e c t s i nf o r m a t i o no n y o u b y a s k i n gq u e s t i o n s a n do b s e r v i ng ho w y o u g i v ea n s w e r s a n dh o w y o ua c t .W h e t h e r y o uc a n g e t t h e j o bd e p e n d s l a r g e l y on y o u r i n t e r v i e w p e r f o r m a n c e .T h e s e c r e t o f s u c c e s s a t a n i n t e r v i e wi s p r e pa r a t i o n d o y o u r h o m e w o r k f i r s t .H e r ea r e s o m e s u g g e s t i o n s o nh o wt o p r e p a r e f o r a n i n t e r v i e w.F i r s t ,b ew e l l p r e p a r e d f o r t h e q u e s t i o n sm o s t l i k e l y t ob ea s k e db y t h e i n t e r v i e w e r .G o t o t h e l i b r a r y o r g e t o n l i n e ,a n d f i n d o u t a l l i n f o r m a t i o n y o uc a n a b o u t t h e j o b a nd t he o r g a n i z a t i o n y o uh o p e t ow o r kf o r .T h e nu s e t h e i n f o r m a t i o n t o p r e d i c t t h e q u e s t i o n s t ob e a s k e d .A c t u a l l y ,a n y t h i n gy o u f i n do u t a b o u t t h e p r o s p e c t i v ee m p l o y e r c a nb eu s e d t o y o u ra d v a n t ag ed u r i n g th ei n t e r v i e wt o s h o wt h a t y o uh a v eb o t h e r e d t om a s t e r s o m e f a c t s a b o u t t h ec o m p a n yy o uh o pe t o s e r v e .S e c o n d ,w r i t ed o w n (i nE n g l i s h ,i f n e c e s s a r y )a n d r e m e m b e r t h e q u e s t i o n s y o uw a n t t oa s k t h e i n t e r v i e w e r s o t h a t y o u a r e n o t s p e e c h l e s sw h e nh e /s h e i n v i t e s y o u r q u e s t i o n s .T r y t o a s k t h e j o b -r e l a t e d q u e s t i o n s t h a t s u g g e s t y o ua sah a r d -w o r k i n gpe r s o nw i t har e a l i n t e r e s t i nt h e j o b .M a k e s u r e t h eh o l i d a y s a n d p a y a r en o t t h ef i r s t t h i ng s t o i n q u i r ea b o u t .A n dl a s t ,d r e s si n n e a t ,c l e a n a n d c o n s e r v a t i v e c l o th e s ,w hi c h ,t o ge t h e r w i t h c a l m ,c o nf i d e n tm a n n e r s ,m a y h e l p t oc r e a t ea f a v o r a b l e f i r s t i m pr e s s i o n .P r e p a r i n g f o r a n i n t e r v i e w i s a j o b i n i t s e l f -t h e h a r d e r y o uw o r k a t i t ,t h e b e t t e r c h a n c e y o u w i l l h a v eo f g e t t i n g t h e j o b .T a s kB :U n l e a s hY o u rC r e a t i v i t y532 附录二A r e y o u c r e a t i v e?I f y o ua r e l i k em o s t p e o p l e,y o u p r o b a b l y t h i n k y o u r en o t.T h r o u g h o u t o u r l i v e s,w e r e t o l d t h a t c r e a t i v i t y i s r a r e a n dm y s t e r i o u s,a n d t h a t o n l y a r t i s t s a r e c r e a t i v e.B u t p s y c h o l o g i s t s,a f t e rm a n yy e a r so f r e s e a r c hh a v ec o n c l u d e dt h a t c r e a t i v i t y i sw i t h i ne v e r y o n e s r e a c h n oe x c e p t i o n s.T o u n l e a s h y o u r c r e a t i v i t y,m a s t e r t h e s e s t r a t e g i e s:C a p t u r i n g.N e wi d e a sa r ef l e e t i n g t h r o u g h y o u rc o n s c i o u s n e s s.I f y o u d o n t g r a bt h e m q u i c k l y,t h e y r eu s u a l l yg o n e f o r e v e r.C h a l l e n g i n g.O n e w a y t oa c c e l e r a t et h ef l o w o fn e wi d e a s i st o p u t y o u r s e l f i nd i f f i c u l t s i t u a t i o n sw h e r e y o u r e l i k e l y t o f a i l.W h e nw e f a i l t od o s o m e t h i n g,w eb e g i n t r y i n g o u t o t h e r a p p r o a c h e s.M a n y i d e a s c o m p e t ev i g o r o u s l y,g r e a t l y e n h a n c i n g t h e c r e a t i v e p r o c e s s.B r o a d e n i n g.T h em o r ek n o w l e d g e y o uh a v ea n dt h e m o r ed i v e r s et h a tk n o w l e d g ei s,t h e g r e a t e r y o u r p o t e n t i a l f o r c r e a t i v eo u t p u t.C o u n t l e s s a d v a n c e sw e r em a d e p o s s i b l eb e c a u s e t h e i r c r e a t o r s h a de x p e r i e n c e i nd i v e r s ef i e l d s.I f y o uw a n t t oe n h a n c e y o u rc r e a t i v i t y,l e a r na b o u t s u b j e c t s y o uk n o wn o t h i n g a b o u t a n dd o n tw a n t t ok n o wa b o u t.W i t hn e wc r e a t i v e p o w e r s,w e r ea l l b e t t e r a b l e t o s o l v e t h e l i t t l e p r o b l e m s t h a t t r o u b l eu s d a i l y.U n i t3Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)由于森林栖息地的丧失和菲律宾猎人的大量捕杀,这种受到严重威胁的鸟类的野生数量减到不足一百只㊂(2)布鲁克斯的诗歌因深化了个人和社会经历的意义而广受称赞㊂(3)父亲上周买的食品只吃了一小部分㊂(4)通过对一些古老精美材料的巧妙再利用,波士顿市18世纪的芬纽尔大厅得以全面的修复与改观㊂(5)如果将光与热分离,冰淇淋即使暴露于镜子的强光之下也不会融化㊂一种涂于金属反射器上的多层特制薄膜 即所谓的 金属冷镜 使这一现象成为可能㊂(6)虽然自动化和电子传感技术取得了长足进展,农产品的按质挑选仍主要靠手工完成㊂(7)多年以来,海外一直有人热衷于收集和考察美洲土著人的工艺品㊂(8)在这次探测任务行将结束之际,可能尝试进行具有高度危险性的飞行以进一步探察该行星的表层情况㊂Ⅴ.V o c a b u l a r y B u i l d e r1.V o c a b u l a r y B u i l d i n g S k i l l1)(1)下大赌注的超级赌徒;喜爱文化艺术的人群/附庸风雅的(2)无息银行贷款(3)难以预测(4)穷困国家,由水传播的疾病(5)充满特技镜头的大片632(6)电视点播,被谈论的,按收视次数付费,有线电视2)(1)位于 之首(2)用刀刺死(3)简述 的形象(4)(争论)十分激烈(5)罗列出(6)蹬车(7)用直升机运送(8)进入停滞状态Ⅵ.W r i t i n g1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :S e n t e n c eB u i l d i n g 1)E x e r c i s e (a )W h e n ,a n d ,s o ,w h e r e ,b u t ,w h i c h ,W h e n ,w h o ,w h e t h e r /i f ,a n d ,a s .(b )A l t h o u g h ,a n d ,a n d ,b e c a u s e ,w h o ,A s ,s o t h a t .2)E x e r c i s e (a )T h ec l a s s i c i m a g eo faw r i t e r i so fa s l i g h t l y d e m e n t e d -l o o k i n gp e r s o n ,l o c k e d i na na t t i c ,s c r i b b l i n g a w a y f u r i o u s l y f o r d a y s o ne n d .N a t u r a l l y ,h eh a s a f a v o r i t eb e a t -u p t y p e w r i t e r ,w i t h o u tw h i c hh e c o u l dn o t p r o d u c e a r e a d a b l ew o r d .N o w a d a y s ,w ek n o wt h a t s u c h i m a g e s b e a r l i t t l e r e s e m b l a n c e t o r e a l i t y .B u t a r e t h e y c o m p l e t e l y f a l s e ?I n t h e c a s eo f a t l e a s t o n e w r i t e r ,i t w o u l d s e e m n o t .M u r i e l S p a r k ,w h o h a s j u s t t u r n e d 80,r e s e m b l e s t h i s s t e r e o t y p i c a l w r i t e r i n m a n y w a y s .B u t s h ei sc e r t a i n l y no td e m e n t e d ,a n ds h ed o e s n t w o r k i na na t t i c .B u t s h e i s r a t h e rn e u r o t i ca b o u t t h et o o l so fh e r t r a d e .I nf a c t s h e i s s o s u p e r s t i t i o u s t h a t i f s o m e o n eu s e s h e r p e nb y a c c i d e n t ,s h e i m m e d i a t e l y t h r o w s i t a w a y .(b )Il o o k e da tt h eb l a c k ,u n t a m e dc a t t l ea n dt h e y l o o k e db a c ka t m e ,t h e i re y e s g l i n t i n g t h r o u g h t h e r o u g h f r i n g eo f h a i r t h a t f e l l o v e r t h e i r f a c e .(c )Af i n a l j o bw i t h t h e s t a m p s ,a n d s h e r o s e f r o mt h ed e s kw i t h s t i f f l i m b s a n d t i r e d e ye s .S h ef e l t a l i t t l ed i z z y ,b u t s h e l o c k e d t h ed e s kw i t h t h ek n o w l e d ge t h a t t h em o s t s e r i o u s p a r t of p r e p a r i ng a p a r t y w a s o v e r .2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :I n t e r n e t s I n f l u e n c e o nO u rL i f eN o w w eh a v e m o v e df r o m ac u l t u r ec e n t e r e do n n e t w o r k T V ,p h o n e s w i t h w i r e sa n d i n f o r m a t i o no n p a p e r t oad i g i t a l (数码)s o c i e t y .T h ew o r l d i s b e i n g c o n n e c t e do n t h e I n t e r n e t ,a n d t h e r e i s n o g o i n g b a c k .G l o b a l l y ,t h e r ea r em o r e t h a n 200m i l l i o n p e o p l eo nt h eN e t .T h e n u m b e r t e l l s t h ee s s e n c eo ft h es t o r y :t h e N e t i sn ol o n g e ran o v e l t y ,a ni n t e r e s t i n g w a y o f p a s s i n g t h e t i m e .T h e nw h a t i s i t ?H o wi s i t c h a n g i n g t h ew a y we l i v ea n dw o r k ?I n t e r n e t i sc h a n g i n g t h e w a y w es h o p .E v e nt h o u g h o n l i n es h o p p i n g r e p r e s e n t so n l y af r a c t i o no f t o t a l c o n s u m e r s a l e s t h e s e d a ys ,w i t h s a l e s e s t i m a t e d a t$184b i l l i o nw i t h i n t h e t h r e e732 附录二y e a r s,t h ec u r v ei sh e a d i n g s t r a i g h tu p.A n dt h i s i s j u s tas p r i n g b o a r df o raf u t u r et h a tm o s t c o m p u t e r-u s e r sw i l l e n j o y:u s i n g r e m o t e c o n t r o l,y o uw i l l f i n d i t e a s i e r t o c h o o s e f r o ma v a r i e t y o f s t o r e s i na n o t h e r c i t y t h a n g o t o t h e l o c a lm a l l.B e s i d e s e l e c t r o n i cs h o p p i n g,I n t e r n e t i sm a k i n g m a n y o t h e r t h i n g s t h a tw ed oe a s i e ra n d m o r ec o n v e n i e n t.S o m e p e o p l e a r e a l r e a d y c o n s u l t i n g d o c t o r s o n t h eN e t,i n s t e a d o f g o i n g t o t h e h o s p i t a l;s o m ea r el i s t e n i n g t ot h er a d i oa n d w a t c h i n g T V p r o g r a m so nt h e N e t;s o m ea r e m a k i n g i n v e s t m e n ta n dc o n d u c t i n g b u s i n e s sn e g o t i a t i o n so nt h e N e t;s t i l l m o r ea r es e n d i n g l e t t e r s,p l a y i n gg a m e s,m a k i n g f r i e n d sa n dh a v i n g c o n v e r s a t i o n so nt h e N e t.E a c ho ft h e s e a c t i v i t i e s i s i m p r e s s i v e,a n d t h e c o l l e c t i v e e f f e c t i s ad i f f e r e n t k i n do f l i f e.S o w e a r e a t t h e b e g i n n i n g o f a n e w w a y o f w o r k i n g,s h o p p i n g,p l a y i n g a n d c o m m u n i c a t i n g.F o r t h e m o m e n tw ea r ec a l l i n g t h i s p h e n o m e n o ne-l i f e,a n di t s j u s t i nt i m e.B e c a u s e t h ed a y i sa p p r o a c h i n g w h e nn oo n e w i l ld e s c r i b et h ed i g i t a l,N e t-b a s e d,c o m p u t e r-c o n n e c t e dw o r l dw i t h s u c ha t r a n s i t o r y t e r m.W e l l j u s t c a l l i t l i f ea n da c c e p t i t j u s t a s i t i s. T a s kB:W h y S u c c e s s i s S oD e a r t oE v e r y o n eT h e r e h a s n e v e r b e e n as i n g l e u n i f o r m d e f i n i t i o n f o rs u c c e s s.P e o p l e h a v e d i f f e r e n t u n d e r s t a n d i n g s o f s u c c e s sb e c a u s et h e i ra m b i t i o n sa n dv a l u e sv a r y f r o m o n ea n o t h e r.B u to n e t h i n g a b o u t i t i s u n i v e r s a l:s u c c e s s i s p r e c i o u s t oa l m o s t e v e r y o n e.W ec h e r i s hs u c c e s sb e c a u s ea c h i e v i n g s u c c e s s s a t i s f i e s ab a s i c p s y c h o l o g i c a l n e e do fh u m a n b e i n g s-f e e l i n g g o o d a b o u t o n e s e l f.N o m a t t e r s u c c e s s m a y a c t u a l l y b r i n g:m o n e y f o r b u s i n e s s m e n,p r e s t i g e f o r s c h o l a r s,o r g o o dm a r k s f o r s t u d e n t s,i t i n v a r i a b l y g i v e s t h e s e p e o p l e a s e n s eo f a c c o m p l i s h m e n t,af e e l i n g o f p r i d e,a n da p l e a s u r eo f s e l f-c o n f i d e n c e.T h e s ea r ea l l p o s i t i v e f e e l i n g s t h a t c o n t r i b u t e t o y o u r s e l f-e s t e e ma n dm a k e y o u f e e l b e t t e r.W ec h e r i s hs u c c e s sb e c a u s e i t t e a c h e su se n t h u s i a s m,c o u r a g e,p e r s e v e r a n c e,p a t i e n c e,a s e n s eo fr e s p o n s i b i l i t i e sa n d m a n y o t h e ri m p o r t a n th u m a n q u a l i t i e s.T a k ea n e x a m p l eo fa s t u d e n tw i t h a v e r a g e i n t e l l i g e n c e.I n t h e p r o c e s s o f s t r i v i n g f o r a s u c c e s s f u l t e s t p e r f o r m a n c e,h e h a s t o s t u d yp e r s i s t e n t l y w i t h l o t s o f z e s t.H em u s t u n d e r s t a n d t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f l e a r n i n g l i e s w i t hh i m s e l f.H e i s b o u n d t o e x p e r i e n c e d i f f i c u l t i e s,a n d i n c o p i n g w i t h t h e s e d i f f i c u l t i e s h ew i l l g r a d u a l l y l e a r n t h ev a l u eo f c o u r a g ea n do p t i m i s m.W e c h e r i s h s u c c e s s b e c a u s e i t i sn e v e r e a s y t oc o m eb y.W e s t r i v eh a r dw e i t,b e c a u s ew e k n o wt h a t e v e r y s u c c e s s,h o w e v e r s m a l l,t a k e s u s a s t e p c l o s e r t oab r i g h t e r f u t u r e.U n i t4Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)在占全国面积一半,人口为全国25%的地区里,居民们必须拨打长达七位数的求救号码,而且该号码因地而异,可能导致致命的数分钟的延误㊂(2)人们积极种植柳树以加固河岸,顶住偶尔发生的水灾;还计划拓宽回水水道以缓解干流在未来洪水期所承受的压力㊂(3)计算机输出信号,刺激大脑 视觉区 ,从而使这位完全失明的病人得以识别光亮的图像㊂832(4)通过天文镜天文学家看见的是一个荒芜严酷的世界,但他们相信这个世界仍有可能生存着原始生命㊂(5)在美国存在着一种较为常见的平行式生活方式㊂在这种生活方式中,各民族群体保留着自己的风俗习惯与社会传统㊂(6)在一些国家,居民们生活在共同的传统背景下,而美国人则来自不同的民族㊂因此相比之下,可接受的风俗习惯在美国更为广泛㊂(7)最会读书的人能消化吸收最多的知识,并将其转化为自己个性的一部分㊂(8)体育运动是英国社交季节的核心,这点绝非偶然㊂(9)现在还不完全清楚金字塔的建造者们是如何使用当时十分原始的工具拖拉垒砌那些巨大石块的㊂Ⅵ.W r i t i n g 1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :S e n t e n c eV a r i e t y 2)E x e r c i s e :R e w r i t e t h e f o l l o w i n g s h o r t p a s s a g e t oa c h i e v e g r e a t e r s e n t e n c ev a r i e t y . H i l l a r y a n dN o r g a y s t a r t e dc l i m b i n g t o w a r d t h e t o p a g a i n .W o u l d t h e y ma k e i t ?E v e r yb o d y w h oh a d t r i e db e f o r eh a d f a i l e d a n dm a n y h a d g o t k i l l e d .S l o w l y ,s t e a d i l y ,t h e y k e p tc l i m b i n g u n t i l t h e y r e a c h ed t he l a s t i c y c l if f .T h e y k n e wt h e y w e r ev e r y c l o s e t o t h e t o p .B u t h o wc l o s e ?B l i n d i ng ,s w i r l i n g s n o wk e p t th e mf r o ms e ei n g .T h e y k e p t c l i m b i n g a n y w a y .I t w a s o n M a y 29,1953t h a t t h e y f i n a l l y r e a c h e d t h e t o p . T h er e a s o n s f o rD i s n e y s s u c c e s sw e r ev a r i e da n dn u m e r o u s ,b u t u l t i m a t e l y t h ec r e d i t g o e s t o W a l tD i s n e y t h em a nw h o c r e a t e d t h e c a r t o o na n db u i l t t h e c o m p a n y .W i t hh i s g r e a t m a n a g e m e n t a b i l i t y ,h e s i n g l e h a n d e d l y p i o n e e r e d t h e c o n c e p t s o f b r a n d i n g a n d m e r c h a n d i s i n g . T a k ea l o o ka t t h e c r i s i s f a c i n g t h e c i t i e s .A t n o t i m e i nh i s t o r y ha s t h e r eb e e ns uc ha m a s sm i g r a t i o no f p e o p l e f r o mc o u n t r y s ide t oc i t y a s i s h a p p e n i n g n o w.B y 2030,i t s e s t i m a t e d t h a tm o r e t h a n t w o t h i r d s of t h ew o r l d s p o p u l a t i o nw i l l b e l i v i ng i nc i t i e s t w i c ea sm a n y a s t o d a y .A n d t w i c e a s b a dw i l l b e th e p r o b l e m s f a c e d b y t h e ci t i e s o v e r c r o w d i n g ,p o o r h o u s i n g ,u n e m p l o y m e n t ,p o v e r t y,a n d l a c ko f f o o da n dw a t e r .H e n c e t h en e e d f o r i m m e d i a t e s o l u t i o n s .2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :I sE n v i r o n m e n t a l P o l l u t i o naC r i m e?W h e n i t c o m e s t oc r i m e ,w e i n v a r i a b l y t a l ka b o u t s t e a l i n g ,r o b b i n g a n dk i l l i n g ,a n ds o m e o t h e r o f f e n s e s ,w h i c hc a u s ed a m a g e st o p e o pl e s p o s s e s s i o n sa n dl i v e sa n dt h e r e f o r e m u s tb e p u n i s h e d b y l a w.P r o b a b l y n o tm a n y p e o p l e a s s o c i a t e c r i m ew i t h e n v i r o n m e n t a l p o l l u t i o n .B u t i n v i e wo f i t s i n c r e a s i n g l y s e r i o u s c o n s e q u e n c e s ,p o l l u t i o n i s u n d o u b t e d l y al s oa na c t t h a td e s e r v e s l e g a l p u n i s h m e n t .A n y o n ew h od o u b t s t h i sn e e d so n l y t ol o o ka tw h a t t h en a t u r ei s s u f f e r i n g a sar e s u l to f m a n s s h o r t s i g h t e d n e s sa n d g r e e d .E v e rs i n c et h ei n d u s t r i a lr e v o l u t i o n ,m a nh a sb e e ns l o w l y p o i s o n i n g h i s e n v i r o n m e n t i n t h em a d p u r s u i t o fm a t e r i a l t h i n g s .N o wt h e s k y i s d a r k e n i n g wi t h932 附录二c h o k i n g a nd s t i n g i n g a i r h o ve r i n g o v e r c i t i e s;M i s u s e d i n s e c t i c i d e s a r e k i l l i n g p l a n t s a n dw i l d l if e; S e w ag e-f i l l e d r i v e r s a r e c a u s i n g a r a p i d l o s s o f d r i n k i n g w a t e r a n da nv a l u a b l e f o o d s u p p l y-f i s h.B e s i d e s t h e s eh o r r i b l ef a c t s,t h e r ei sa l s ot h ee n o r m o u s f i n a n c i a l c o s t i n v o l v e di nt h es o-c a l l e de n v i r o n m e n t a l p r o j e c t s.T a k eas m a l l p a p e r-m a k i n g f a c t o r y a sa ne x a m p l e.T h ef a c t o r y m a y h a v e p r o v i d e d e m p l o y m e n t f o r l o c a l p e o p l e a n d c o n t r i b u t e d100,000y u a n i n c o m e t a x t o t h e s o c i e t y.B u t o n t h eo t h e rh a n d,i t a l s o p o l l u t e dar i v e rb yp o u r i n g s e w a g e i n t o i t.T os a v e t h e r i v e r,t h e g o v e r n m e n tm a y h a v e t o s p e n dam i l l i o no n t h e s e w a g e-t r e a t m e n t p r o j e c t s.S o t h e r e i s n oo v e r e s t i m a t i n g t h e l o s s e s p o l l u t i o n i s c a u s i n g,b o t hd i r e c t l y a n d i n d i r e c t l y,t o h u m a nb e i n g s.A n dt h e r e i s c e r t a i n l y n oe x a g g e r a t i o ni nc o n s i d e r i n gp o l l u t i o na sac r i m e.I t s t i m e t o s e r i o u s l y c a r r y o u t e n v i r o n m e n t a l l a w s t o p r o t e c t t h e e a r t h o u r h o m e.T a s kB:T h eP l e a s u r e o fL e a r n i n gL e a r n i n g i so n eo ft h ee s s e n t i a l p l e a s u r e so ft h eh u m a nr a c e.T h o s e w h oa v o i dl e a r n i n g o f t e nf i n d l i f e d r y a n d m e a n i n g l e s s,f o rt h e y d e p r i v e t h e m s e l v e s o ft h e e x c i t e m e n t a n d f u l f i l l m e n t i n l e a r n i n g s o m e t h i n g n e w.T h e p l e a s u r eo f l e a r n i n g i s u n i v e r s a l,e v e r y w h e r e t ob e f o u n d.M a n y o f u sh a v e t a s t e d t h e j o y o f l e a r n i n g b y r e a d i n g i n t e r e s t i n g b o o k s.B o o k s a r e n o l u m p s o f l i f e l e s s p a p e r,b u t a v o i c e f a r d i s t a n t i n t i m e a n d s p a c e,t a l k i n g t o r e a d e r s,m i n d t om i n d,h e a r t t oh e a r t.F o r b e y o n db o o k s, w ec a n a l s o e n j o y t h ef r u i t so ft r a v e l i n g,p r o v i d e dt h a t w et r a v e l w i t h a n o p e n m i n dt o u n d e r s t a n do t h e r p e o p l ea n do t h e r p l a c e s,a n da na l e r t e y ef o ra l l k i n d so fn o v e l e x p e r i e n c e s.F i n a l l y,l e a r n i n g a l s om e a n s l e a r n i n g t o p r a c t i c e,o ra t l e a s t,t oa p p r e c i a t ea na r t.E v e r y n e w a r tw e l e a r nb l e s s u sw i t han e ws e n s e,b y w h i c hw em a y e n j o y t h ew o n d e r s o f t h ew o r l dm o r e i n t e n s e l y.I f t h e p l e a s u r eo f l e a r n i n g i su n i v e r s a l,w h y a r et h e r es o m a n y d u l l,u n h a p p y s t u d e n t s i n s c h o o l?I t i s b e c a u s e t h e y w e r em a d ed u l l b y b a d t e a c h i n g,b y i s o l a t i o n,b y s u r r e n d e r t o r o u t i n ea n db y t h e i r o w n l a z i n e s s.T h e s t u d e n t sw h o s u f f e r f r o m l e a r n i n g s h o u l db r e a ka w a y f r o mt h eb o n d s o ft e x t b o o k sa n dt e s t s,a n de m b r ac ev a r i o u so t h e rf i e ld so fk n o w le d g e w i t hr e n e w e d e n e r g y.U n i t5Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)S o m e t i m e sw h e n I t h o u g h tm y k e y l o s t,...(2)W h e n t h e y m a y b r i n g t h e i rw i v e sw i t h t h e m,...(3)W h e n I g i v ea s t u d e n t c r e d i t f o r a j o be s p e c i a l l y w e l l d o n e,...(4)...j u s tw h e n I h a dc o m p a n y.(5)W h e n I g o t i n t om a n a g e m e n t,...(6)V i e w e d t h r o u g hm y e x p e r i e n c eo f a l m o s t35y e a r s o f l a w p r a c t i c e,...(7)F a c e dw i t hd e s p e r a t ew a t e r n e e d s,...042(8)F o l l o w i n g h i s g r a d u a t i o n ,...(9)...d e p e n d i n g o n t h e i r s t o r a g e c a p a c i t y .(10)...w o r k i n g a t h e r o w na pa r t m e n t ,...Ⅵ.W r i t i n g2.W r i t i n g A c t i v i t i e s (2)T a s kA :B u i l d i n g aG o o dT e a c h e r S t u d e n tR e l a t i o n s h i pA g o o dt e a c h e r -s t u d e n tr e l a t i o n s h i p i so n eo ft h e g u a r a n t e e sf o rs u c c e s s f u l t e a c h i n g a n d l e a r n i n g .A g o o d r e l a t i o n s h i p l e a d s t o f r u i t f u l c o o pe r a t i o n ,t h a t i s ,t h e t e a c h e r c a n g u i d e h i s /h e r s t u d e n t sm o r e ef f e c t i v e l y a n d t h e s t u d e n t s c a n l e a r nm o r e e f f i c i e n t l y.A n i d e a l t e a c h e r -s t u d e n t r e l a t i o n s h i p n e v e r c o m e s e a s i l y .I t d e pe n d s o n t h e c o n s c i o u s ef f o r t s f r o mb o t ht h et e a c h e ra n dt h es t u d e n t s .T h eb e s te x a m p l ec a nb ed r a w nf r o m m ype r s o n a l e x p e r i e n c ea sac o l l e g es t u d e n t .W e h a d d e v e l o p e da w a r m ,f r i e n d l y r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h o u r E ng l i sh t e a c h e r ,J o h nK e n t .J o h nw o nu s o v e rwi t h t h e s p e c i a l e f f o r t s h e p o u r e d i n t oo u r c l a s s .H i s l e c t u r e sw e r ea l w a y sw e l l p r e p a r e da n dd e l i v e r e dc l e a r l y a n d i m a g i n a t i v e l y h ee x p l a i n e d h i s i d e a sw i t h p a i n t i n g s a n d r e c o r d i n g s ,a n do n c eh ee v e ns a n g a s o n g t o i l l u s t r a t ea p o i n t .W e a l s oa d m i r e d t h ef a c t t h a th es p e n t t i m e g e n e r o u s l y w i t hs t u d e n t so u t s i d eo fc l a s s r o o m.B e i n g i n s p i r e db y o u rt e a c h e r sd e v o t i o n ,w es t u d i e da l l t h e m o r ed i l i g e n t l y ,a l w a y sr e s pe c tf u la n d p o l i t e .W ew e r ea l l e ag e r t o sh o wo u r a p p r e ci a t i o nb y d o i n g w e l l i n s t u d i e s .O f c o u r s e ,t h i n g s a r en e v e r s o s i m p l ea n dm i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g m a y o c c u ro n c e i naw h i l e .I n t h i s c a s e ,a h o s t i l e ,g r u d g e -b e a r i n g a t t i t u d ew o u l d n e v e r h e l p .B o t h s i d e s s h o u l d b e k i n d ,p a t i e n t a n d f r a n k .B y s i t t i n g d o w na n dh a v i n g a go o d t a l k t h e r e i s n o t r o u b l e t h a t c a n tw o r ko u t .T a s kB :T a k i n g C h a n c e s H o w m a n y s p l e n d i d p l a n sh a v e y o u m a d ef o r y o u r l i f e ?A n dh o w m a n y o f t h e m h a v e g o t c a n c e l l e db e c a u s e y o u f e l t d i s c o u r a g e d a b o u t s o m e i m a g i n e dd i f f i c u l t i e s ?W h e nw e c o m e t o t h i n k o f t h e s e q u e s t i o n s ,w ew i l l b e s u r pr i s e d t o f i n d t h a tm o r e t h a nh a l f o f o u r d r e a m s h a v e f a i l e d t o c o m e t r u e n o t b e c a u s ew e l a c k t h e a b i l i t y b u t b e c a u s ew e n e v e r g a v e i t a t r y.S o m e t i m e sw ew e r e j u s t t o om u c ho fac o w a r dt ot r y s o m e t h i n g u n p r e d i c t a b l e .W ew e r e p a r a l y z e db y t h ef e a ro f r i s k s a n d f a i l u r e s .I f y o u f i n d y o u r s e l fa c t i n g l i k es u c hk i n do fac o w a r d ,i t sa d v i s a b l et or e m i n d y o u r s e l f ,f r o mt i m e t o t i m e ,t h e o l d s a y i n g N o t h i n g v e n t u r e d ,n o t h i n g g a i n e d .H e r e i s a l i t t l e a n e c d o t e t oh e l py o uu n d e r s t a n d t h e p o i n t :A m o t h e r t o o kh e r t h r e e s o n s f o r a no u t i n g t oan e a r b y d a m.W h e n t h eb o y s a s k e d i f t h e y c o u l dd i v e do f f an e w l y c o n s t r u c t e db r i d g e ,t h e i r r e q u e s tw a sm e t w i t had e f i n i t en o .N o to n l y w a s i ta 13-f o o td r o p t ot h ew a t e r ,t h e m o t h e r p o i n t e do u t ,b u t t h e r em i g h t b e s u b m e r g e do b s t a c l e s (暗礁)t h a t c o u l db e ad e a t h t r a p.H o w e v e r t h em i d d l e s o n w a s n o t c o n v i n c e d .A t h i s s u g g e s t i o nh i s e l d e r b r o t h e r v e n t u r e d i n t o t h ew a t e r a n d s u r v e y e d t h e a r e aw h e r e t h e y w a n t e dt o j u m p .T h ed e p t ho f t h ew a t e rw a s f i n e ,a sw e l la sb e i n g wi t h o u t142 附录二。

英语四级真题考试指南上海交大出版

英语四级真题考试指南上海交大出版

英语四级真题考试指南上海交大出版**English Version**The Four-level English Test, often referred to as CET-4, is a standardized examination that assesses the English proficiency of non-English majors in China. It serves as a crucial milestone for many students, marking their progress in their academic journey. The exam requires a balance of listening, reading, writing, and translation skills, making it a comprehensive test of English language abilities.For students preparing for this exam, having access to reliable study materials is paramount. Among these materials, the CET-4 True Test Guide published by Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press stands out as a comprehensiveand authoritative resource. This guide not only provides past exam questions and answers but also offers detailed explanations and strategies to help students tackle various exam sections effectively.The True Test Guide is structured in a way that makesit easy for students to navigate. It begins with anoverview of the exam, outlining the format, scoring system,and the types of questions that appear in each section.This is followed by a detailed section-by-section breakdown, guiding students through the listening, reading, writing, and translation portions of the exam. Each section includes sample questions, followed by answers and explanations that highlight key points and strategies.The listening section, for instance, covers a range of audio materials, including conversations, lectures, and news broadcasts. The guide provides strategies for taking notes effectively, understanding context clues, and recognizing key information. Similarly, the reading section covers different types of texts, such as passages, advertisements, and emails. Tips on skimming and scanning techniques, vocabulary expansion, and understanding the author's intent are provided.The writing section focuses on essay writing, with tips on structuring arguments, using transitional words, and avoiding common grammar mistakes. Sample essays are also included to demonstrate good writing practices. The translation section covers both Chinese-to-English andEnglish-to-Chinese translations, emphasizing the importance of accuracy and fluency.What sets the CET-4 True Test Guide published by Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press apart is its emphasis on strategic preparation. The guide not only equips students with the knowledge they need to answer questions correctly but also teaches them how to approach the exam with confidence. It encourages students to practice regularly, to familiarize themselves with the exam format, and to identify their weaknesses.Moreover, the guide includes practice tests that allow students to simulate the exam environment, giving them a realistic sense of what to expect on the actual exam day. This is an invaluable tool, as it helps students manage their time effectively and reduces exam anxiety.In conclusion, the CET-4 True Test Guide published by Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press is an essential resource for any student preparing for the CET-4 exam. It provides comprehensive coverage of the exam's content, strategic preparation tips, and ample practice opportunities, making it a one-stop shop for exampreparation. With this guide, students can approach theCET-4 with confidence, knowing that they have the tools and strategies they need to achieve their desired results.**Chinese Version**英语四级考试,即CET-4,是中国非英语专业学生英语水平的重要评估标准。

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附录二参考答案U n i t 1Ⅳ.B i l i n gu a l S t u d i e s 2.T r a n s l a t i o n (1)h a v eb e e n r e v e r e da sm a s t e r s i nE u r o pe (2)T h e r e i s n o t h i n g m o r em y s t e r i o u s t h a n (3)t h em a i n l a n do fC h i n ah a v en o t y e t e s t a b l i s h e d t h e m s e l v e s a s av e r y s t r o n gp r e s e n c e (4)a r eh a r d e r ,t o u g h e r a n d s t r o n g e r t h a n (5)i sm o r eb e a u t if u l t h a na p i c t u r e (6)m o r eo f a na r t i s t t h a no f a t e a c h e r(7)p l a y e dw i t hm o r ed a r i n g t h a n s k i l l (8)w i s e r t h a n t ob e l i e v e ;w i t h o u t a s e c o n d t h o u g h t (9)m o r e t h a n i t d i d l a s t y e a rⅤ.V o c a b u l a r y Bu i l d e r 2.B u s i n e s sE n g l i s h W o r dB u i l d i n g A c t i v i t i e s (1)C ㊀(2)B ㊀(3)A ㊀(4)C ㊀(5)A ㊀(6)C (7)A ㊀(8)C ㊀(9)B ㊀(10)C ㊀(11)B ㊀(12)A ⅥW r i t i n g 1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :D i c t i o n (1)E x e r c i s e (A ):(a )s t r a y ;㊀㊀(b )l i c k i n g ;㊀㊀(c )s o a k ;㊀㊀(d )e n v e l o p e d ;㊀㊀(e )p r e s s e d ,t h i e v e d ,f l a s h e d ...o v e r E x e r c i s e (B ):(a )W e s h o u l da l s oc o n s i d e r p u b l i c r e l a t i o n s .(b )T h e r e f o r e ,y o u r p r o p o s a l s e e m s t ou s u n pr a c t i c a l .(c )H i s d e v e l o p m e n t o f a s e r i e s o f n e wr e s e a r c hm e t h o d s l e d t oh i s g r e a t s u c c e s s .(d )N o tm a n y t e a c h e r s c a n t e a c he f f e c t i v e l y .(e )E v e n t u a l l y an e wf a dw i l l r e p l a c e t h i s s c o o t e r c r a z e .E x e r c i s e (C ):(a )T h e n e w s a b o u t t h i s e l e c t i o n s c a n d a l w a s f i r s t r e p o r t e d i n t h e l o c a l n e w s p a p e r .(b )N o s c i e n t i s t k n o w s e x a c t l y w h e r e t h e i n f o r m a t i o nh i g h w a y w i l l l e a du s .(c )C o m pe t e n c ea l o n es h o u l d b e a b l et o d e c i d e w h e t h e rat e a c h e rs h o u l d b e a l l o w e d t o t e a c h .(d )T h e s t o c k h o l d e r s c a nh a r d l y b e c r e d u l o u s e n o u g h t o b e l i e v ew h a t t h e y a r e t o l d .(e )T h e m o s ta n n o y i n g t a s ki m p o s e d o n t h e y o u n g i m pa t i e n t m o t h e ri st h e c h a n g i n g o f e n d l e s s d i a p e r s .(b e s t o w =授予;含褒义e .g.b e s t o wa nh o n o r o n t h eh e r o )(f )T h es i t u a t i o n h a sb e c o m e v e r y s e r i o u sa n d r e qu i r e si m m e d i a t e a t t e n t i o n .332 附录二(d r a s t i c=激进的/严重的;常充当定语㊂e.g.d r a s t i c m e a s u r e s;ad r a s t i cs h o r t a g e o f w a t e r)2.W r i t i n g A c t i v i t i e sT a s kA:T h eB e s t P a r e n t sB a s e d o n t h e c h i l d-p a r e n t s r e l a t i o n s h i p,p s y c h o l o g i s t s h a v e i d e n t i f i e d t h r e e t y p e s o f p a r e n t s:p e r m i s s i v e,a u t o c r a t i c a n da u t h o r i t a t i v e.C o n f r o n t e db y a15-y e a r-o l d w h o w a n t st oa t t e n daS a t u r d a y-n i g h t p a r t y,a p e r m i s s i v e p a r e n tm i g h ts a y: O k a y,b u tt r y n o tt os t a y o u tt o ol a t e. P e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t sa r ee i t h e r i n d i f f e r e n t t o t h e i r k i d s o r s p o i l t h ek i d s t o om u c h.A na u t o c r a t i c p a r e n tm i g h t r e s p o n d, N o, y o ua r e t o o y o u n g f o r t h a t. E n do f d i s c u s s i o n.A u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t s d i c t a t e,d o w n t o t h e l a s t d e t a i l s.T h ea u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n t c o n s i d e r s t h e c h i l d s v i e w p o i n t,t h e n d e c i d e s: Y o u k n o wo u r r u l e a b o u t w e e k e n d s.W e a g r e e d o n a10o c l o c k c u r f e w.Y o u c a n g o t o t h e p a r t y i f y o u r eh o m e b y10. K i d sm a yp r e f e r p e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t s a n d r e b e l a g a i n s t a u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t s.U n d o u b t e d l y,t h em o s t b e n e f i c i a l t o t h e c h i l d r e n s g r o w t h i s t h e a u t h o r i t a t i v e s t y l e,w h i c h g i v e s t h e ml e e w a y b u ta l s os e t sf i r ml i m i t s.C o m i n g d o w nh a r do n e v e r yp e t t y d e t a i le s c a l a t e s m i n o rd i s a g r e e m e n t si n t oa l l-o u t w a r f a r e,a n d m a y a l i e n a t et h e c h i l d r e n f r o mt h e i r p a r e n t s.O n t h eo t h e r h a n d,a l l o w i n g k i d s f u l l f r e e d o m m e a n s l e a v i n g t h e m g r o w i n g w i l d.O n l y t h e p a r e n t sw h oa l l o wt h e i rk i d s f r e e d o m w i t hr e s p o n s i b i l i t y,a n d w i t h i n d i s c i p l i n a r y l i m i t s,h a v e m o r ei n f l u e n c et h a n e i t h e ra u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t so r p e r m i s s i v e o n e s.C h i l d r e nw i t ha u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n t s a l w a y s e n j o y ah e a l t h y e n v i r o n m e n t i nw h i c h t o g r o w.T a s kB:W o r ka n d p l e a s u r e a r e t w o i m p o r t a n t p a r t s o f e v e r y o n e s l i f e.P e o p l e l e a d d i f f e r e n t t y p e s o f l i f eb a s i c a l l y b e c a u s eo f t h e i r d i f f e r e n t a t t i t u d e t o w a r dw o r ka n d p l e a s u r e.I tm a y b es a i dt h a tr a t i o n a la n di n d u s t r i o u s(勤劳)h u m a nb e i n g sa r ed i v i d e di n t ot w o c l a s s e s:f i r s t,t h o s ew h o s ew o r ki sw o r ka n dw h o s e p l e a s u r e i s p l e a s u r e;s e c o n d,t h o s ew h o s e w o r k a n d p l e a s u r e a r e o n e.O f t h e s e t h e f o r m e r a r e t h e m a j o r i t y.T h e y h a v e t h e i r c o m p e n s a t i o n s.T h e l o n g h o u r s i n t h e o f f i c e o r f a c t o r y b r i n g w i t h t h e ma s t h e i r r e w a r d,n o t o n l y t h em e a n s o f l i v i n g,b u t k e e na p p e t i t e f o r p l e a s u r e e v e n i n i t s s i m p l e s t a n dm o s tm o d e s t f o r m s.B u t F o r t u n e s f a v o r e dc h i l d r e n(命运之神的宠儿)b e l o n g t ot h es e c o n dc l a s s.T h e i r l i f ei sa n a t u r a l h a r m o n y.F o r t h e mt h ew o r k i n g h o u r s a r e n e v e r l o n g e n o u g h.E a c hd a y i s a h o l i d a y,a n d o r d i n a r y h o l i d a y s w h e n t h e y c o m e a r e g u a r d e d a se n f o r c e di n t e r r u p t i o n si n a n a b s o r b i n g v o c a t i o n.I nm y o p i n i o n,t h e n e e d o f a n a l t e r n a t i v e o u t l o o k,o f a c h a n g e o f a t m o s p h e r e i s e s s e n t i a l t o b o t hc l a s s e s.I n d e e d,i tm a y w e l l b e t h a t t h o s ew h o s ew o r k i s t h e i r p l e a s u r e a r e t h o s ew h om o s t n e e d t oc h a n g e t h e i r a t t i t u d eo n c e i naw h i l e.U n i t2Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n432(1)对这次考试成绩的详细分析表明,目前教学还存在着严重问题㊂(2)尽管索尔克博士研制艾滋病疫苗的方式受到批评,但他和他的商业伙伴对成功仍充满信心㊂(3)我们必须考虑选择其他一些饮食模式:减少肉食消费,多食用新型高蛋白豆制品,开发海洋资源食品㊂(4)当今广大民众对科学的兴趣重又燃起,这很大程度上是由于斯蒂芬㊃霍金及他用简易语言表述复杂理论的才能㊂(5)当看到一些学生的作品得以发表,我尝到了其中的喜悦㊂(6)小笠原亮现年六十五岁,是位建筑工人㊂他至今仍为当年的记忆所困扰 他曾在一个用战俘做实验品的秘密医疗部队服役过两年㊂(7)当今,教育及其相关的科研仍是麻省理工学院的主要目标,而且其指导原则与现实世界存在着一定相关性㊂(8)许多第三世界国家,由于失业率高,工资低,出现了工人移居发达国家的现象㊂(9)如果你大学毕业时具备了训练有素的头脑,即使没学到什么有用的东西,你仍会走在前列,某种意义上也仍是个受过教育的人㊂(10)美国每年有数万人,在他们的心脏还足以维持生命的情况下,却因急救不充分而死去㊂Ⅵ.W r i t i n g 2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :H o wt oP r e pa r e f o r a n I n t e r v i e w J ob i n t e r v i e wi s t h e p r oc e s s i nw h i c h y o u r p r o s p e c t i v e e m p l o ye r c o l l e c t s i nf o r m a t i o no n y o u b y a s k i n gq u e s t i o n s a n do b s e r v i ng ho w y o u g i v ea n s w e r s a n dh o w y o ua c t .W h e t h e r y o uc a n g e t t h e j o bd e p e n d s l a r g e l y on y o u r i n t e r v i e w p e r f o r m a n c e .T h e s e c r e t o f s u c c e s s a t a n i n t e r v i e wi s p r e pa r a t i o n d o y o u r h o m e w o r k f i r s t .H e r ea r e s o m e s u g g e s t i o n s o nh o wt o p r e p a r e f o r a n i n t e r v i e w.F i r s t ,b ew e l l p r e p a r e d f o r t h e q u e s t i o n sm o s t l i k e l y t ob ea s k e db y t h e i n t e r v i e w e r .G o t o t h e l i b r a r y o r g e t o n l i n e ,a n d f i n d o u t a l l i n f o r m a t i o n y o uc a n a b o u t t h e j o b a nd t he o r g a n i z a t i o n y o uh o p e t ow o r kf o r .T h e nu s e t h e i n f o r m a t i o n t o p r e d i c t t h e q u e s t i o n s t ob e a s k e d .A c t u a l l y ,a n y t h i n gy o u f i n do u t a b o u t t h e p r o s p e c t i v ee m p l o y e r c a nb eu s e d t o y o u ra d v a n t ag ed u r i n g th ei n t e r v i e wt o s h o wt h a t y o uh a v eb o t h e r e d t om a s t e r s o m e f a c t s a b o u t t h ec o m p a n yy o uh o pe t o s e r v e .S e c o n d ,w r i t ed o w n (i nE n g l i s h ,i f n e c e s s a r y )a n d r e m e m b e r t h e q u e s t i o n s y o uw a n t t oa s k t h e i n t e r v i e w e r s o t h a t y o u a r e n o t s p e e c h l e s sw h e nh e /s h e i n v i t e s y o u r q u e s t i o n s .T r y t o a s k t h e j o b -r e l a t e d q u e s t i o n s t h a t s u g g e s t y o ua sah a r d -w o r k i n gpe r s o nw i t har e a l i n t e r e s t i nt h e j o b .M a k e s u r e t h eh o l i d a y s a n d p a y a r en o t t h ef i r s t t h i ng s t o i n q u i r ea b o u t .A n dl a s t ,d r e s si n n e a t ,c l e a n a n d c o n s e r v a t i v e c l o th e s ,w hi c h ,t o ge t h e r w i t h c a l m ,c o nf i d e n tm a n n e r s ,m a y h e l p t oc r e a t ea f a v o r a b l e f i r s t i m pr e s s i o n .P r e p a r i n g f o r a n i n t e r v i e w i s a j o b i n i t s e l f -t h e h a r d e r y o uw o r k a t i t ,t h e b e t t e r c h a n c e y o u w i l l h a v eo f g e t t i n g t h e j o b .T a s kB :U n l e a s hY o u rC r e a t i v i t y532 附录二A r e y o u c r e a t i v e?I f y o ua r e l i k em o s t p e o p l e,y o u p r o b a b l y t h i n k y o u r en o t.T h r o u g h o u t o u r l i v e s,w e r e t o l d t h a t c r e a t i v i t y i s r a r e a n dm y s t e r i o u s,a n d t h a t o n l y a r t i s t s a r e c r e a t i v e.B u t p s y c h o l o g i s t s,a f t e rm a n yy e a r so f r e s e a r c hh a v ec o n c l u d e dt h a t c r e a t i v i t y i sw i t h i ne v e r y o n e s r e a c h n oe x c e p t i o n s.T o u n l e a s h y o u r c r e a t i v i t y,m a s t e r t h e s e s t r a t e g i e s:C a p t u r i n g.N e wi d e a sa r ef l e e t i n g t h r o u g h y o u rc o n s c i o u s n e s s.I f y o u d o n t g r a bt h e m q u i c k l y,t h e y r eu s u a l l yg o n e f o r e v e r.C h a l l e n g i n g.O n e w a y t oa c c e l e r a t et h ef l o w o fn e wi d e a s i st o p u t y o u r s e l f i nd i f f i c u l t s i t u a t i o n sw h e r e y o u r e l i k e l y t o f a i l.W h e nw e f a i l t od o s o m e t h i n g,w eb e g i n t r y i n g o u t o t h e r a p p r o a c h e s.M a n y i d e a s c o m p e t ev i g o r o u s l y,g r e a t l y e n h a n c i n g t h e c r e a t i v e p r o c e s s.B r o a d e n i n g.T h em o r ek n o w l e d g e y o uh a v ea n dt h e m o r ed i v e r s et h a tk n o w l e d g ei s,t h e g r e a t e r y o u r p o t e n t i a l f o r c r e a t i v eo u t p u t.C o u n t l e s s a d v a n c e sw e r em a d e p o s s i b l eb e c a u s e t h e i r c r e a t o r s h a de x p e r i e n c e i nd i v e r s ef i e l d s.I f y o uw a n t t oe n h a n c e y o u rc r e a t i v i t y,l e a r na b o u t s u b j e c t s y o uk n o wn o t h i n g a b o u t a n dd o n tw a n t t ok n o wa b o u t.W i t hn e wc r e a t i v e p o w e r s,w e r ea l l b e t t e r a b l e t o s o l v e t h e l i t t l e p r o b l e m s t h a t t r o u b l eu s d a i l y.U n i t3Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)由于森林栖息地的丧失和菲律宾猎人的大量捕杀,这种受到严重威胁的鸟类的野生数量减到不足一百只㊂(2)布鲁克斯的诗歌因深化了个人和社会经历的意义而广受称赞㊂(3)父亲上周买的食品只吃了一小部分㊂(4)通过对一些古老精美材料的巧妙再利用,波士顿市18世纪的芬纽尔大厅得以全面的修复与改观㊂(5)如果将光与热分离,冰淇淋即使暴露于镜子的强光之下也不会融化㊂一种涂于金属反射器上的多层特制薄膜 即所谓的 金属冷镜 使这一现象成为可能㊂(6)虽然自动化和电子传感技术取得了长足进展,农产品的按质挑选仍主要靠手工完成㊂(7)多年以来,海外一直有人热衷于收集和考察美洲土著人的工艺品㊂(8)在这次探测任务行将结束之际,可能尝试进行具有高度危险性的飞行以进一步探察该行星的表层情况㊂Ⅴ.V o c a b u l a r y B u i l d e r1.V o c a b u l a r y B u i l d i n g S k i l l1)(1)下大赌注的超级赌徒;喜爱文化艺术的人群/附庸风雅的(2)无息银行贷款(3)难以预测(4)穷困国家,由水传播的疾病(5)充满特技镜头的大片632(6)电视点播,被谈论的,按收视次数付费,有线电视2)(1)位于 之首(2)用刀刺死(3)简述 的形象(4)(争论)十分激烈(5)罗列出(6)蹬车(7)用直升机运送(8)进入停滞状态Ⅵ.W r i t i n g1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :S e n t e n c eB u i l d i n g 1)E x e r c i s e (a )W h e n ,a n d ,s o ,w h e r e ,b u t ,w h i c h ,W h e n ,w h o ,w h e t h e r /i f ,a n d ,a s .(b )A l t h o u g h ,a n d ,a n d ,b e c a u s e ,w h o ,A s ,s o t h a t .2)E x e r c i s e (a )T h ec l a s s i c i m a g eo faw r i t e r i so fa s l i g h t l y d e m e n t e d -l o o k i n gp e r s o n ,l o c k e d i na na t t i c ,s c r i b b l i n g a w a y f u r i o u s l y f o r d a y s o ne n d .N a t u r a l l y ,h eh a s a f a v o r i t eb e a t -u p t y p e w r i t e r ,w i t h o u tw h i c hh e c o u l dn o t p r o d u c e a r e a d a b l ew o r d .N o w a d a y s ,w ek n o wt h a t s u c h i m a g e s b e a r l i t t l e r e s e m b l a n c e t o r e a l i t y .B u t a r e t h e y c o m p l e t e l y f a l s e ?I n t h e c a s eo f a t l e a s t o n e w r i t e r ,i t w o u l d s e e m n o t .M u r i e l S p a r k ,w h o h a s j u s t t u r n e d 80,r e s e m b l e s t h i s s t e r e o t y p i c a l w r i t e r i n m a n y w a y s .B u t s h ei sc e r t a i n l y no td e m e n t e d ,a n ds h ed o e s n t w o r k i na na t t i c .B u t s h e i s r a t h e rn e u r o t i ca b o u t t h et o o l so fh e r t r a d e .I nf a c t s h e i s s o s u p e r s t i t i o u s t h a t i f s o m e o n eu s e s h e r p e nb y a c c i d e n t ,s h e i m m e d i a t e l y t h r o w s i t a w a y .(b )Il o o k e da tt h eb l a c k ,u n t a m e dc a t t l ea n dt h e y l o o k e db a c ka t m e ,t h e i re y e s g l i n t i n g t h r o u g h t h e r o u g h f r i n g eo f h a i r t h a t f e l l o v e r t h e i r f a c e .(c )Af i n a l j o bw i t h t h e s t a m p s ,a n d s h e r o s e f r o mt h ed e s kw i t h s t i f f l i m b s a n d t i r e d e ye s .S h ef e l t a l i t t l ed i z z y ,b u t s h e l o c k e d t h ed e s kw i t h t h ek n o w l e d ge t h a t t h em o s t s e r i o u s p a r t of p r e p a r i ng a p a r t y w a s o v e r .2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :I n t e r n e t s I n f l u e n c e o nO u rL i f eN o w w eh a v e m o v e df r o m ac u l t u r ec e n t e r e do n n e t w o r k T V ,p h o n e s w i t h w i r e sa n d i n f o r m a t i o no n p a p e r t oad i g i t a l (数码)s o c i e t y .T h ew o r l d i s b e i n g c o n n e c t e do n t h e I n t e r n e t ,a n d t h e r e i s n o g o i n g b a c k .G l o b a l l y ,t h e r ea r em o r e t h a n 200m i l l i o n p e o p l eo nt h eN e t .T h e n u m b e r t e l l s t h ee s s e n c eo ft h es t o r y :t h e N e t i sn ol o n g e ran o v e l t y ,a ni n t e r e s t i n g w a y o f p a s s i n g t h e t i m e .T h e nw h a t i s i t ?H o wi s i t c h a n g i n g t h ew a y we l i v ea n dw o r k ?I n t e r n e t i sc h a n g i n g t h e w a y w es h o p .E v e nt h o u g h o n l i n es h o p p i n g r e p r e s e n t so n l y af r a c t i o no f t o t a l c o n s u m e r s a l e s t h e s e d a ys ,w i t h s a l e s e s t i m a t e d a t$184b i l l i o nw i t h i n t h e t h r e e732 附录二y e a r s,t h ec u r v ei sh e a d i n g s t r a i g h tu p.A n dt h i s i s j u s tas p r i n g b o a r df o raf u t u r et h a tm o s t c o m p u t e r-u s e r sw i l l e n j o y:u s i n g r e m o t e c o n t r o l,y o uw i l l f i n d i t e a s i e r t o c h o o s e f r o ma v a r i e t y o f s t o r e s i na n o t h e r c i t y t h a n g o t o t h e l o c a lm a l l.B e s i d e s e l e c t r o n i cs h o p p i n g,I n t e r n e t i sm a k i n g m a n y o t h e r t h i n g s t h a tw ed oe a s i e ra n d m o r ec o n v e n i e n t.S o m e p e o p l e a r e a l r e a d y c o n s u l t i n g d o c t o r s o n t h eN e t,i n s t e a d o f g o i n g t o t h e h o s p i t a l;s o m ea r el i s t e n i n g t ot h er a d i oa n d w a t c h i n g T V p r o g r a m so nt h e N e t;s o m ea r e m a k i n g i n v e s t m e n ta n dc o n d u c t i n g b u s i n e s sn e g o t i a t i o n so nt h e N e t;s t i l l m o r ea r es e n d i n g l e t t e r s,p l a y i n gg a m e s,m a k i n g f r i e n d sa n dh a v i n g c o n v e r s a t i o n so nt h e N e t.E a c ho ft h e s e a c t i v i t i e s i s i m p r e s s i v e,a n d t h e c o l l e c t i v e e f f e c t i s ad i f f e r e n t k i n do f l i f e.S o w e a r e a t t h e b e g i n n i n g o f a n e w w a y o f w o r k i n g,s h o p p i n g,p l a y i n g a n d c o m m u n i c a t i n g.F o r t h e m o m e n tw ea r ec a l l i n g t h i s p h e n o m e n o ne-l i f e,a n di t s j u s t i nt i m e.B e c a u s e t h ed a y i sa p p r o a c h i n g w h e nn oo n e w i l ld e s c r i b et h ed i g i t a l,N e t-b a s e d,c o m p u t e r-c o n n e c t e dw o r l dw i t h s u c ha t r a n s i t o r y t e r m.W e l l j u s t c a l l i t l i f ea n da c c e p t i t j u s t a s i t i s. T a s kB:W h y S u c c e s s i s S oD e a r t oE v e r y o n eT h e r e h a s n e v e r b e e n as i n g l e u n i f o r m d e f i n i t i o n f o rs u c c e s s.P e o p l e h a v e d i f f e r e n t u n d e r s t a n d i n g s o f s u c c e s sb e c a u s et h e i ra m b i t i o n sa n dv a l u e sv a r y f r o m o n ea n o t h e r.B u to n e t h i n g a b o u t i t i s u n i v e r s a l:s u c c e s s i s p r e c i o u s t oa l m o s t e v e r y o n e.W ec h e r i s hs u c c e s sb e c a u s ea c h i e v i n g s u c c e s s s a t i s f i e s ab a s i c p s y c h o l o g i c a l n e e do fh u m a n b e i n g s-f e e l i n g g o o d a b o u t o n e s e l f.N o m a t t e r s u c c e s s m a y a c t u a l l y b r i n g:m o n e y f o r b u s i n e s s m e n,p r e s t i g e f o r s c h o l a r s,o r g o o dm a r k s f o r s t u d e n t s,i t i n v a r i a b l y g i v e s t h e s e p e o p l e a s e n s eo f a c c o m p l i s h m e n t,af e e l i n g o f p r i d e,a n da p l e a s u r eo f s e l f-c o n f i d e n c e.T h e s ea r ea l l p o s i t i v e f e e l i n g s t h a t c o n t r i b u t e t o y o u r s e l f-e s t e e ma n dm a k e y o u f e e l b e t t e r.W ec h e r i s hs u c c e s sb e c a u s e i t t e a c h e su se n t h u s i a s m,c o u r a g e,p e r s e v e r a n c e,p a t i e n c e,a s e n s eo fr e s p o n s i b i l i t i e sa n d m a n y o t h e ri m p o r t a n th u m a n q u a l i t i e s.T a k ea n e x a m p l eo fa s t u d e n tw i t h a v e r a g e i n t e l l i g e n c e.I n t h e p r o c e s s o f s t r i v i n g f o r a s u c c e s s f u l t e s t p e r f o r m a n c e,h e h a s t o s t u d yp e r s i s t e n t l y w i t h l o t s o f z e s t.H em u s t u n d e r s t a n d t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f l e a r n i n g l i e s w i t hh i m s e l f.H e i s b o u n d t o e x p e r i e n c e d i f f i c u l t i e s,a n d i n c o p i n g w i t h t h e s e d i f f i c u l t i e s h ew i l l g r a d u a l l y l e a r n t h ev a l u eo f c o u r a g ea n do p t i m i s m.W e c h e r i s h s u c c e s s b e c a u s e i t i sn e v e r e a s y t oc o m eb y.W e s t r i v eh a r dw e i t,b e c a u s ew e k n o wt h a t e v e r y s u c c e s s,h o w e v e r s m a l l,t a k e s u s a s t e p c l o s e r t oab r i g h t e r f u t u r e.U n i t4Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)在占全国面积一半,人口为全国25%的地区里,居民们必须拨打长达七位数的求救号码,而且该号码因地而异,可能导致致命的数分钟的延误㊂(2)人们积极种植柳树以加固河岸,顶住偶尔发生的水灾;还计划拓宽回水水道以缓解干流在未来洪水期所承受的压力㊂(3)计算机输出信号,刺激大脑 视觉区 ,从而使这位完全失明的病人得以识别光亮的图像㊂832(4)通过天文镜天文学家看见的是一个荒芜严酷的世界,但他们相信这个世界仍有可能生存着原始生命㊂(5)在美国存在着一种较为常见的平行式生活方式㊂在这种生活方式中,各民族群体保留着自己的风俗习惯与社会传统㊂(6)在一些国家,居民们生活在共同的传统背景下,而美国人则来自不同的民族㊂因此相比之下,可接受的风俗习惯在美国更为广泛㊂(7)最会读书的人能消化吸收最多的知识,并将其转化为自己个性的一部分㊂(8)体育运动是英国社交季节的核心,这点绝非偶然㊂(9)现在还不完全清楚金字塔的建造者们是如何使用当时十分原始的工具拖拉垒砌那些巨大石块的㊂Ⅵ.W r i t i n g 1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :S e n t e n c eV a r i e t y 2)E x e r c i s e :R e w r i t e t h e f o l l o w i n g s h o r t p a s s a g e t oa c h i e v e g r e a t e r s e n t e n c ev a r i e t y . H i l l a r y a n dN o r g a y s t a r t e dc l i m b i n g t o w a r d t h e t o p a g a i n .W o u l d t h e y ma k e i t ?E v e r yb o d y w h oh a d t r i e db e f o r eh a d f a i l e d a n dm a n y h a d g o t k i l l e d .S l o w l y ,s t e a d i l y ,t h e y k e p tc l i m b i n g u n t i l t h e y r e a c h ed t he l a s t i c y c l if f .T h e y k n e wt h e y w e r ev e r y c l o s e t o t h e t o p .B u t h o wc l o s e ?B l i n d i ng ,s w i r l i n g s n o wk e p t th e mf r o ms e ei n g .T h e y k e p t c l i m b i n g a n y w a y .I t w a s o n M a y 29,1953t h a t t h e y f i n a l l y r e a c h e d t h e t o p . T h er e a s o n s f o rD i s n e y s s u c c e s sw e r ev a r i e da n dn u m e r o u s ,b u t u l t i m a t e l y t h ec r e d i t g o e s t o W a l tD i s n e y t h em a nw h o c r e a t e d t h e c a r t o o na n db u i l t t h e c o m p a n y .W i t hh i s g r e a t m a n a g e m e n t a b i l i t y ,h e s i n g l e h a n d e d l y p i o n e e r e d t h e c o n c e p t s o f b r a n d i n g a n d m e r c h a n d i s i n g . T a k ea l o o ka t t h e c r i s i s f a c i n g t h e c i t i e s .A t n o t i m e i nh i s t o r y ha s t h e r eb e e ns uc ha m a s sm i g r a t i o no f p e o p l e f r o mc o u n t r y s ide t oc i t y a s i s h a p p e n i n g n o w.B y 2030,i t s e s t i m a t e d t h a tm o r e t h a n t w o t h i r d s of t h ew o r l d s p o p u l a t i o nw i l l b e l i v i ng i nc i t i e s t w i c ea sm a n y a s t o d a y .A n d t w i c e a s b a dw i l l b e th e p r o b l e m s f a c e d b y t h e ci t i e s o v e r c r o w d i n g ,p o o r h o u s i n g ,u n e m p l o y m e n t ,p o v e r t y,a n d l a c ko f f o o da n dw a t e r .H e n c e t h en e e d f o r i m m e d i a t e s o l u t i o n s .2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :I sE n v i r o n m e n t a l P o l l u t i o naC r i m e?W h e n i t c o m e s t oc r i m e ,w e i n v a r i a b l y t a l ka b o u t s t e a l i n g ,r o b b i n g a n dk i l l i n g ,a n ds o m e o t h e r o f f e n s e s ,w h i c hc a u s ed a m a g e st o p e o pl e s p o s s e s s i o n sa n dl i v e sa n dt h e r e f o r e m u s tb e p u n i s h e d b y l a w.P r o b a b l y n o tm a n y p e o p l e a s s o c i a t e c r i m ew i t h e n v i r o n m e n t a l p o l l u t i o n .B u t i n v i e wo f i t s i n c r e a s i n g l y s e r i o u s c o n s e q u e n c e s ,p o l l u t i o n i s u n d o u b t e d l y al s oa na c t t h a td e s e r v e s l e g a l p u n i s h m e n t .A n y o n ew h od o u b t s t h i sn e e d so n l y t ol o o ka tw h a t t h en a t u r ei s s u f f e r i n g a sar e s u l to f m a n s s h o r t s i g h t e d n e s sa n d g r e e d .E v e rs i n c et h ei n d u s t r i a lr e v o l u t i o n ,m a nh a sb e e ns l o w l y p o i s o n i n g h i s e n v i r o n m e n t i n t h em a d p u r s u i t o fm a t e r i a l t h i n g s .N o wt h e s k y i s d a r k e n i n g wi t h932 附录二c h o k i n g a nd s t i n g i n g a i r h o ve r i n g o v e r c i t i e s;M i s u s e d i n s e c t i c i d e s a r e k i l l i n g p l a n t s a n dw i l d l if e; S e w ag e-f i l l e d r i v e r s a r e c a u s i n g a r a p i d l o s s o f d r i n k i n g w a t e r a n da nv a l u a b l e f o o d s u p p l y-f i s h.B e s i d e s t h e s eh o r r i b l ef a c t s,t h e r ei sa l s ot h ee n o r m o u s f i n a n c i a l c o s t i n v o l v e di nt h es o-c a l l e de n v i r o n m e n t a l p r o j e c t s.T a k eas m a l l p a p e r-m a k i n g f a c t o r y a sa ne x a m p l e.T h ef a c t o r y m a y h a v e p r o v i d e d e m p l o y m e n t f o r l o c a l p e o p l e a n d c o n t r i b u t e d100,000y u a n i n c o m e t a x t o t h e s o c i e t y.B u t o n t h eo t h e rh a n d,i t a l s o p o l l u t e dar i v e rb yp o u r i n g s e w a g e i n t o i t.T os a v e t h e r i v e r,t h e g o v e r n m e n tm a y h a v e t o s p e n dam i l l i o no n t h e s e w a g e-t r e a t m e n t p r o j e c t s.S o t h e r e i s n oo v e r e s t i m a t i n g t h e l o s s e s p o l l u t i o n i s c a u s i n g,b o t hd i r e c t l y a n d i n d i r e c t l y,t o h u m a nb e i n g s.A n dt h e r e i s c e r t a i n l y n oe x a g g e r a t i o ni nc o n s i d e r i n gp o l l u t i o na sac r i m e.I t s t i m e t o s e r i o u s l y c a r r y o u t e n v i r o n m e n t a l l a w s t o p r o t e c t t h e e a r t h o u r h o m e.T a s kB:T h eP l e a s u r e o fL e a r n i n gL e a r n i n g i so n eo ft h ee s s e n t i a l p l e a s u r e so ft h eh u m a nr a c e.T h o s e w h oa v o i dl e a r n i n g o f t e nf i n d l i f e d r y a n d m e a n i n g l e s s,f o rt h e y d e p r i v e t h e m s e l v e s o ft h e e x c i t e m e n t a n d f u l f i l l m e n t i n l e a r n i n g s o m e t h i n g n e w.T h e p l e a s u r eo f l e a r n i n g i s u n i v e r s a l,e v e r y w h e r e t ob e f o u n d.M a n y o f u sh a v e t a s t e d t h e j o y o f l e a r n i n g b y r e a d i n g i n t e r e s t i n g b o o k s.B o o k s a r e n o l u m p s o f l i f e l e s s p a p e r,b u t a v o i c e f a r d i s t a n t i n t i m e a n d s p a c e,t a l k i n g t o r e a d e r s,m i n d t om i n d,h e a r t t oh e a r t.F o r b e y o n db o o k s, w ec a n a l s o e n j o y t h ef r u i t so ft r a v e l i n g,p r o v i d e dt h a t w et r a v e l w i t h a n o p e n m i n dt o u n d e r s t a n do t h e r p e o p l ea n do t h e r p l a c e s,a n da na l e r t e y ef o ra l l k i n d so fn o v e l e x p e r i e n c e s.F i n a l l y,l e a r n i n g a l s om e a n s l e a r n i n g t o p r a c t i c e,o ra t l e a s t,t oa p p r e c i a t ea na r t.E v e r y n e w a r tw e l e a r nb l e s s u sw i t han e ws e n s e,b y w h i c hw em a y e n j o y t h ew o n d e r s o f t h ew o r l dm o r e i n t e n s e l y.I f t h e p l e a s u r eo f l e a r n i n g i su n i v e r s a l,w h y a r et h e r es o m a n y d u l l,u n h a p p y s t u d e n t s i n s c h o o l?I t i s b e c a u s e t h e y w e r em a d ed u l l b y b a d t e a c h i n g,b y i s o l a t i o n,b y s u r r e n d e r t o r o u t i n ea n db y t h e i r o w n l a z i n e s s.T h e s t u d e n t sw h o s u f f e r f r o m l e a r n i n g s h o u l db r e a ka w a y f r o mt h eb o n d s o ft e x t b o o k sa n dt e s t s,a n de m b r ac ev a r i o u so t h e rf i e ld so fk n o w le d g e w i t hr e n e w e d e n e r g y.U n i t5Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)S o m e t i m e sw h e n I t h o u g h tm y k e y l o s t,...(2)W h e n t h e y m a y b r i n g t h e i rw i v e sw i t h t h e m,...(3)W h e n I g i v ea s t u d e n t c r e d i t f o r a j o be s p e c i a l l y w e l l d o n e,...(4)...j u s tw h e n I h a dc o m p a n y.(5)W h e n I g o t i n t om a n a g e m e n t,...(6)V i e w e d t h r o u g hm y e x p e r i e n c eo f a l m o s t35y e a r s o f l a w p r a c t i c e,...(7)F a c e dw i t hd e s p e r a t ew a t e r n e e d s,...042(8)F o l l o w i n g h i s g r a d u a t i o n ,...(9)...d e p e n d i n g o n t h e i r s t o r a g e c a p a c i t y .(10)...w o r k i n g a t h e r o w na pa r t m e n t ,...Ⅵ.W r i t i n g2.W r i t i n g A c t i v i t i e s (2)T a s kA :B u i l d i n g aG o o dT e a c h e r S t u d e n tR e l a t i o n s h i pA g o o dt e a c h e r -s t u d e n tr e l a t i o n s h i p i so n eo ft h e g u a r a n t e e sf o rs u c c e s s f u l t e a c h i n g a n d l e a r n i n g .A g o o d r e l a t i o n s h i p l e a d s t o f r u i t f u l c o o pe r a t i o n ,t h a t i s ,t h e t e a c h e r c a n g u i d e h i s /h e r s t u d e n t sm o r e ef f e c t i v e l y a n d t h e s t u d e n t s c a n l e a r nm o r e e f f i c i e n t l y.A n i d e a l t e a c h e r -s t u d e n t r e l a t i o n s h i p n e v e r c o m e s e a s i l y .I t d e pe n d s o n t h e c o n s c i o u s ef f o r t s f r o mb o t ht h et e a c h e ra n dt h es t u d e n t s .T h eb e s te x a m p l ec a nb ed r a w nf r o m m ype r s o n a l e x p e r i e n c ea sac o l l e g es t u d e n t .W e h a d d e v e l o p e da w a r m ,f r i e n d l y r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h o u r E ng l i sh t e a c h e r ,J o h nK e n t .J o h nw o nu s o v e rwi t h t h e s p e c i a l e f f o r t s h e p o u r e d i n t oo u r c l a s s .H i s l e c t u r e sw e r ea l w a y sw e l l p r e p a r e da n dd e l i v e r e dc l e a r l y a n d i m a g i n a t i v e l y h ee x p l a i n e d h i s i d e a sw i t h p a i n t i n g s a n d r e c o r d i n g s ,a n do n c eh ee v e ns a n g a s o n g t o i l l u s t r a t ea p o i n t .W e a l s oa d m i r e d t h ef a c t t h a th es p e n t t i m e g e n e r o u s l y w i t hs t u d e n t so u t s i d eo fc l a s s r o o m.B e i n g i n s p i r e db y o u rt e a c h e r sd e v o t i o n ,w es t u d i e da l l t h e m o r ed i l i g e n t l y ,a l w a y sr e s pe c tf u la n d p o l i t e .W ew e r ea l l e ag e r t o sh o wo u r a p p r e ci a t i o nb y d o i n g w e l l i n s t u d i e s .O f c o u r s e ,t h i n g s a r en e v e r s o s i m p l ea n dm i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g m a y o c c u ro n c e i naw h i l e .I n t h i s c a s e ,a h o s t i l e ,g r u d g e -b e a r i n g a t t i t u d ew o u l d n e v e r h e l p .B o t h s i d e s s h o u l d b e k i n d ,p a t i e n t a n d f r a n k .B y s i t t i n g d o w na n dh a v i n g a go o d t a l k t h e r e i s n o t r o u b l e t h a t c a n tw o r ko u t .T a s kB :T a k i n g C h a n c e s H o w m a n y s p l e n d i d p l a n sh a v e y o u m a d ef o r y o u r l i f e ?A n dh o w m a n y o f t h e m h a v e g o t c a n c e l l e db e c a u s e y o u f e l t d i s c o u r a g e d a b o u t s o m e i m a g i n e dd i f f i c u l t i e s ?W h e nw e c o m e t o t h i n k o f t h e s e q u e s t i o n s ,w ew i l l b e s u r pr i s e d t o f i n d t h a tm o r e t h a nh a l f o f o u r d r e a m s h a v e f a i l e d t o c o m e t r u e n o t b e c a u s ew e l a c k t h e a b i l i t y b u t b e c a u s ew e n e v e r g a v e i t a t r y.S o m e t i m e sw ew e r e j u s t t o om u c ho fac o w a r dt ot r y s o m e t h i n g u n p r e d i c t a b l e .W ew e r e p a r a l y z e db y t h ef e a ro f r i s k s a n d f a i l u r e s .I f y o u f i n d y o u r s e l fa c t i n g l i k es u c hk i n do fac o w a r d ,i t sa d v i s a b l et or e m i n d y o u r s e l f ,f r o mt i m e t o t i m e ,t h e o l d s a y i n g N o t h i n g v e n t u r e d ,n o t h i n g g a i n e d .H e r e i s a l i t t l e a n e c d o t e t oh e l py o uu n d e r s t a n d t h e p o i n t :A m o t h e r t o o kh e r t h r e e s o n s f o r a no u t i n g t oan e a r b y d a m.W h e n t h eb o y s a s k e d i f t h e y c o u l dd i v e do f f an e w l y c o n s t r u c t e db r i d g e ,t h e i r r e q u e s tw a sm e t w i t had e f i n i t en o .N o to n l y w a s i ta 13-f o o td r o p t ot h ew a t e r ,t h e m o t h e r p o i n t e do u t ,b u t t h e r em i g h t b e s u b m e r g e do b s t a c l e s (暗礁)t h a t c o u l db e ad e a t h t r a p.H o w e v e r t h em i d d l e s o n w a s n o t c o n v i n c e d .A t h i s s u g g e s t i o nh i s e l d e r b r o t h e r v e n t u r e d i n t o t h ew a t e r a n d s u r v e y e d t h e a r e aw h e r e t h e y w a n t e dt o j u m p .T h ed e p t ho f t h ew a t e rw a s f i n e ,a sw e l la sb e i n g wi t h o u t142 附录二。

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