大学英语四级新题型样卷-(1)

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英语四级新题型考试模拟试题1答案与解析

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌答案与解析Part ⅠWritingAid Education in ChinaEach year, college students, encouraged to aid students in the poverty—stricken areas, volunteer themselves in poor villages for a year and try to improve education in poor areas.Aid—education has been beneficial in two aspects. On the one hand, college volunteers are really devoted to the cause. They have opened the eyes of students in underdeveloped regions to the outside world by bringing them new knowledge and thoughts. As a result, they are extremely well—received by the children there. On the other hand, college students have received a rigorous training by adapting to the harsh living conditions. They are enjoying the appreciation and no—distance friendship from the children. What's more, they are greatly inspired by the moving and tireless spirit of the children.In my opinion, China's educational development can't be isolated from each individual and we college students should take the lead in response to the appeal for offering aid to children in poor areas.Part ⅡReading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）1. Y. 该句句意为:巨大河流改道水利工程导致咸海缩小。

英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练

英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练:第1套-短篇新闻(1)Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.Recently, a photo showing a visitor on the Great Wall last week aroused a heated discussion on the Internet. They called it the "great queue of China". It was, with the famous structure snaking to the horizon behind him completely hidden by a mass of other tourists. The vast imperial palace, the Forbidden City, at one point welcomed more than 180,000 visitors in a single day. In the desert at Dunhuang, at least two camels transporting tourists reportedly died from overwork in the Golden Week. And Chinese media said road traffic was up by thirteen percent on last year, causing unprecedented jams.英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练(第1套) 短篇新闻(2)Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.These days, German government has been criticized for not doing enough to commemorate the 100th anniversary of World War I.Germany has spent less on events than some other European countries.And the events which have taken place have been seen as half-hearted by critics.Traditionally in Germany the First World War is overshadowed by the Second World War. History teaching in German schools tends to focus on the crimes of the Nazis rather than what happened a generation earlier.And since 1945 there's been a strong aversion in Germany to anything that might be seen as glorifying militarism.So many people here are uncomfortable with any anniversary of a war or a battle.There's still some disagreement among historians about who was responsible for World War I. But having spent the last 70 years making up for Nazi guilt,many Germans have little appetite to now take on the blame for the First World War, too. Question 3.What makes the German government be criticized recently?Question 4.What's the attitude of German people towards militarism?问题3和问题4是基于下面这则新闻的。

新题型大学英语四级教程--答案解析

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3. TheLackofIndependenceamongCollegeStudents
Thepicturedepictsacollegefreshmanwalkingintothecampusproudlywithasmallschool bagfollowedbyhisparentscarryingveryheavythingsontheirbacks.Itpresentsacommon phenomenonin present China.Thatis,mostcollegestudents,asthesolechildren oftheir families,takeforgrantedtheirexcessivedependenceupontheirparents.
专项练习及模拟题答案及详解
写作专项练习参考范文
专
项
(一 )图画作文
练
习
1.
及
ParentsAretheBestTeachersforChildren
模拟
Asispresentedintheabovepicture,whileayoung motheriswashinghermother’sfeet,
题答
herlittleboycomestofanher.Thelittleboyfollowshismother’sexampleofrespectingthe 案
eldersanddoessomethingtohelp.Thepicturevividlytellsusthatparentsarethebestteachers

大学英语4级听力新题型15套试题

大学英语4级听力新题型15套试题第一套试题Part A听力原文Text 1M: Hey, Susan. I heard you went on vacation last week. How was it?W: Oh, it was amazing! I went to Hawaii with my family. We stayed at a beautiful resort right on the beach. The weather was perfect, and we did a lot of fun activities like swimming, snorkeling, and hiking.Q: Where did Susan go on vacation?选项A. CaliforniaB. HawaiiC. FloridaD. New York答案B. HawaiiPart B听力原文Text 2M: Hi Emily. I’m thinking about getting a new car. Do you have any recommendations?W: Well, what kind of car are you looking for? Do you want something small and fuel-efficient, or something spacious and comfortable?M: I’m looking for something reliable and fuel-efficient. Something I can use for my daily commute to work.Q: What kind of car is the man looking for?选项A. Small and fuel-efficientB. Spacious and comfortableC. Reliable and fuel-efficientD. Fast and sporty答案C. Reliable and fuel-efficient第二套试题Part A听力原文Text 1W: John, I’m really tired of eating fast food every day. Do you know any good places to get healthy food?M: Well, there’s a new salad bar that just opened downtown. They have a wide variety of fresh vegetables and delicious salad dressings.Q: What does the man recommend for healthy food?选项A. Fast foodB. A salad barC. A pizza placeD. A burger joint答案B. A salad barPart B听力原文Text 2M: Mary, I’m planning a trip to Europe this summer. Do you have any advice on what to pack?W: Well, it depends on which countries you’re visiting and what kind of weather you can expect. But in general, you should bring lightweight clothing, comfortable shoes, and a jacket in case of rain.Q: What should the man bring on his trip to Europe?选项A. Heavy winter clothingB. Formal attireC. Lightweight clothingD. Swimming trunks答案C. Lightweight clothing第三套试题Part A听力原文Text 1M: Sarah, have you heard about the new movie that’s coming out next week?W: Yes, I saw the trailer. It looks really exciting. I’m definitely going to see it.Q: What do the speakers plan to do?选项A. Watch a new movieB. Go on a tripC. Visit a museumD. Read a book答案A. Watch a new moviePart B听力原文Text 2W: Chris, I have a problem. I ordered a new dress online, but it doesn’t fit me properly. What should I do?M: Well, you could try contacting the customer service of the online store and see if they offer any return or exchange options.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?选项A. Keep the dressB. Alter the dressC. Contact customer serviceD. Give the dress away答案C. Contact customer service…..（请注意：以上内容是基于AI模型创作的虚拟信息，仅供参考）。

大学英语四级新题型及部分样题共27页

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Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.

2023年8月英语专业四级改革样卷新题型

2023年8月英语专业四级改革新题型（样卷）PART 1 DICTATION [10 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to complete your work.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, youshould read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have thirty seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the conversations.Conversation One.1. A. The return trip is too expensive.B . There is no technology to get people back.C. People don’t want to return.D. The return trip is too risky.2. A. Intelligence.B. Health.C. Skills.D. Calmness.3. A. The kind of people suitable for the trip.B. Interests and hobbies of the speakers.C. Recruitment of people for the trip.D. Preparation for the trip to Mars.…Conversation Two6. A. Going to the high street. B. Visiting everyday shops.C. Buying things like electrical goods.D. Visiting shops and buying online.7. A. 3%. B. 33%.C. 42%.D. 24%.8. A. They want to know more about pricing.B. They can return the product later.C. They want to see the real thing first.D. They can bargain for a lower shop price.…PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11.When you have finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf, ______?A. don’t youB. do youC. will youD. won’t you12.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Only one out of six were present at the meeting.B. Ten dollars was stolen from the cash register.C. Either my sister or my brother is coming.D. Five miles seem like a long walk to me.13.It is not so much the language ______ the cultural background that makes the film difficult tounderstand.A. butB. norC. likeD. as14.There is no doubt ______ the committee has made the right decision on the housing project.A. whyB. thatC. whetherD. when15.If you explained the situation to your lawyer, he ______ able to advise you much better than Ican.A. will beB. wasC. would beD. were16.Which of the following is a stative verb (静态动词)?A. Drink.B. Close.C. Rain.D. Belong.17.Which of the following italicized parts indicates a subject-verb relation?A. The man has a large family to support.B. She had no wish to quarrel with her brother.C. He was the last guest to leave.D. Mary needs a friend to talk to.18.Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. Another two girls.B. Few words.C. This work.D. A bit of flowers.19.When one has good health, ______ should feel fortunate.A. youB. sheC. heD. we20.There ______ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.A. to beB. to have beenC. beD. being21.Bottles from this region sell ______ at about $50 a case.A. entirelyB. totallyC. wholesaleD. together22.The product contains no ______ colours, flavours, or preservatives.A. fakeB. artificialC. falseD. wrong23.______ and business leaders were delighted at the decision to hold the national motor fair inthe city.A. CivilB. CivilizedC. CivilianD. Civic24.The city council is planning a huge road-building programme to ease congestion. Theunderlined part means ______.A. calmB. relieveC. comfortD. still25.His unfortunate appearance was offset by an attractive personality. The underlines part meansall the following EXCEPT ______.A. improvedB. made up forC. balancedD. compensated for26.The doctor said that the gash in his cheek required ten stitches. The underlined part means______.A.B.C.D.27.During the economic crisis, they had to cut back production and ______ workers.A. lay offB. lay intoC. lay downD. lay aside28.To mark its one hundredth anniversary, the university held a series of activities includingconferences, film shows, etc. The underlined part means ______.A. signifyB. celebrateC. symbolizeD. suggest29.His fertile mind keeps turning out new ideas. The underlined part means ______.A. abundantB. unbelievableC. productiveD. generative30.These issues were discussed at length during the meeting. The underlined part means ______.A. eventuallyB. subsequentlyC. lastlyD. fullyPART IV CLOZE [10 MIN]Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.A. asB. aimlessC. botherD. fastE. flightsF. helplessG. labor-savingH. levels I. money-saving J. pause K. quite L. stand by M. standstillN. traffic O. trappedElectricity is such a part of our everyday lives and so much taken for granted nowadays that we rarely think twice when we switch on the light or turn on the TV set. At night, roads are brightly lit, enabling people and (31) ______ to move freely. Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the character of every modern city. In the home, many (32) ______ devices are powered by electricity. Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are (33) ______ asleep, electricity is still working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. Every day, trains and subways take us to and from work. We rarely (34) ______ to consider why or how they run—until something goes wrong．In the summer of 1959, something did go wrong with power-plant that provided New York with electricity. For a great many hours, life came almost to a (35) ______. Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark, powerless to do anything; lifts stopped working, so that even if you were lucky enough not to be (36) ______ between two floors, you had the unpleasant task of finding your way down (37) ______of stairs．Famous streets like Broadway and Fifth Avenue in an instant becameas gloomy and uninviting (38) ______ the most remote back streets. People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to (39) ______ in case of emergency. they were just as confused and (40) ______ as anybody else.PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONEInundated by more information than we can possibly hold in our heads, we’re increasingly handing off the job of remembering to search engines and smart phones. Google is even reportedly working on eyeglasses that could one day recognize faces and supply details about whoever you’re looking at. But new research shows that outsourcing our memory –and expecting that information will be continually and instantaneously available – is changing our cognitive habits. Research conducted by Betsy Sparrow, an assistant professor of psychology at Columbia University, has identified three new realities about how we process information in the Internet age. First, her experiments showed that when we don’t know the answer to a question, we now think about where we can find the nearest Web connection instead of the subject of the question itself. A second revelation is that when we expect to be able to find in formation again later on, we don’t remember it as well as when we think it might become unavailable. And then there is the researchers’ final observation: the expectation that we’ll he able to locate information down the line leads us to form a memory not of the fact itself but of where we’ll be able to find it.But this handoff comes with a downside. Skills like critical thinking and analysis must develop in the context of facts: we need something to think and reason about, after all. And these factsc an’t be Googled as we go; they need to be stored in the original hard drive, our long-term memory. Especially in the case of children, “factual knowledge must precede skill,” says Daniel Willingham, a professor of psychology, at the University of Virginia – meaning that the days of drilling the multiplication table and memorizing the names of the Presidents aren’t over quite yet. Adults, too, need to recruit a supply of stored knowledge in order to situate and evaluate new information they encounter. You ca n’t Google context.Last, there’s the possibility, increasingly terrifying to contemplate, that our machines will fail us. As Sparrow puts it, “The experience of losing our Internet connection becomes more and more like losing a friend.” If you’re going to keep your memory on your smart phone, better make sure it’s fully charged.41. Google’s eyeglasses are supposed to ____.A. improve our memoryB. function like memoryC. help us see faces betterD. work like smart phones42. Which of the following statements about Sparrow’s research is CORRECT?A. We remember people and things as much as before.B. We remember more Internet connections than before.C. We pay equal attention to location and content of information.D. We tend to remember location rather than the core of facts.43. What is the implied message of the author?A. Web connections aid our memory.B. People differ in what to remember.C. People keep memory on smart phones.D. People need to exercise their memory.PASSAGE TWOI was a second-year medical student at the university, and was on my second day of rounds at a nearby hospital. My university’s philosophy was to get students seeing patients early in their education. Nice idea, but it overlooked one detail: second-year students know next to nothing about medicine.Assigned to my team that day was an attending – a senior faculty member who was there mostly to make patients feel they weren’t in the hands of amateurs. Many attendings were researchers who didn’t have much recent hos pital experience. Mine was actually an arthritis specialist. Also along was a resident (the real boss, with a staggering mastery of medicine, at least to a rookie like myself). In addition there were two interns(住院实习医生). These guys were just as green as I was，but in a scarier way: they had recently graduated from the medical school, so they were technically MDs.I began the day at 6:30am. An intern and I did a quick check of our eight patients; later, we were to present our findings to the resident and then to the attending. I had three patients and the intern had the other five - piece of cake.But when I arrived in the room of 71-year-old Mr. Adams，he was sitting up in bed, sweating heavily and panting (喘气). He’d just had a hip operation and looked terrible. I listened to his lungs with my stethoscope, but they sounded clear. Next I checked the log of his vital signs and saw that his respiration and heart rate had been climbing, but his temperature was steady. It didn’t seem like heart failure, nor did it appear to be pneumonia. So I asked Mr. Adams what he thought was going on.“It’s really hot in here, Doc,” he replied.So I attributed his condition to the stuffy room and told him the rest of the team would return in a few hours. He smiled and feebly waved goodbye.At 8:40 am., during our team meeting, “Code Blue Room 307!” blared from the loudspeaker.I froze.That was Mr. Adams’s room.When we arrived, he was motionless.The autopsy (尸体解剖) later found Mr. Adams had suffered a massive pulmonary embolism (肺部栓塞). A blood clot had formed in his leg, worked its way to his lungs, and cut his breathing capacity in half. His symptoms had been textbook: heavy perspiration and shortness of breath despite clear lungs. The only thin g was: I hadn’t read that chapter in the textbook yet. And I was too scared, insecure, and proud to ask a real doctor for help.This mistake has haunted me for nearly 30 years, but what’s particularly frustrating is that the same medical education system persists. Who knows how many people have died or suffered harm at the hands of students as naïve as I, and how many more will?44. We learn that the author’s team members had _____.A. much practical experienceB. adequate knowledgeC. long been working thereD. some professional deficiency45. “His symptoms had been textbook” means that his symptoms were ______.A. part of the textbookB. no longer in the textbookC. recently included in the textbookD. explained in the textbook46. At the end of the passage, the author expresses ____ about the medical education systemA. optimismB. hesitationC. concernD. supportPASSAGE THREEThe war on smoking, now five decades old and counting, is one of the nation’s greatest public health success stories – but not for everyone.As a whole, the country has made amazing progress. In 1964, four in ten adults in the US smoked; today fewer than two in ten do. But some states – Kentucky, South Dakota and Alabama, to name just a few – seem to have missed the message that smoking is deadly.Their failure is the greatest disappointment in an effort to save lives that was started on Jan. 11, 1964, by the first Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health. Its finding that smoking is a cause of lung cancer and other diseases was major news then. The hazards of smoking were just starting to emerge.The report led to cigarette warning labels, a ban on TV ads and eventually an anti-smoking movement that shifted the nation’s attitude on smoki ng. Then, smokers were cool. Today, many are outcasts, rejected by restaurants, bars, public buildings and even their own workplaces. Millions of lives have been saved.The formula for success is no longer guesswork: Adopt tough warning labels, air public service ads, fund smoking cessation programs and impose smoke-free laws. But the surest way to prevent smoking, particularly among price-sensitive teens, is to raise taxes. If you can stop them from smoking, you’ve won the war. Few people start smoking after turning 19.The real-life evidence of taxing power is powerful. The 10 states with the lowest adult smoking rates slap an average tax of $2.42 on every pack – three times the average tax in the states with the highest smoking rates.New York has the highest cigarette tax in the country, at $4.35 per pack, and just 12 percent of teens smoke, far below the national average of 18 percent. Compare that with Kentucky, where taxes are low (60 cents), smoking restrictions are weak and the teen smoking rate is double New York’s. Other low-tax states have similarly dismal records.Enemies of high tobacco taxes cling to the tired argument that they fall disproportionately on the poor. True, but so do the deadly effects of smoking – far worse than a tax. The effect of the taxes is amplified further when the revenue is used to fund initiatives that help smokers quit or persuade teens not to start.Anti-smoking forces have plenty to celebrate this week, having helped avoid 8 million premature deaths in the past 50 years. But as long as 3,000 adolescents and teens take their first puff each day, the war is not won.47. According to the context, “Their failure” refers to _____.A. those adults who continue to smokeB. those states that missed the messageC. findings of the reportD. hazards of smoking48. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to stage anti-smoking campaigns.B. The effects of the report on smoking and health.C. Tax as the surest path to cut smoking.D. The efforts to cut down on teenage smoking.PASSAGE FOURAttachment Parenting is not Indulgent Parenting. Attachment parents do not “spoil” their children. Spoiling is done when a child is given everything that they want regardless of what they need and regardless of what is practical. Indulgent parents give toys for tantrums(发脾气), ice cream for breakfast. Attachment parents don’t give their children everything that they want, they give their children everything that they need. Attachment parents believe that love and comfort are free and necessary. Not sweets or toys.Attachment Parenting is not “afraid of tears” parenting. Our kids cry. The difference is that we understand that tantrums and tears come from emotions and not manipulation. And our children understand this too. They cry and have tantrums sometimes, of course. But they do this because their emotions are so overwhelming that they need to get it out. They do not expect to be “rewarded” for their strong negative emotions; they simply expect that we will listen. We pick up our babies when they cry, and we respond to the tears of our older children because we believe firmly that comfort is free, love is free, and that when a child has need for comfort and love, it isour job to provide those things. We are not afraid of tears. We don’t avoid them. We hold our children through them and teach them that when they are hurt or frustrated we are here to comfort them and help them work through their emotions.Attachment Parenting is not Clingy Parenting. I do not cling to my children. In fact, I’m pretty free-range. As soon as they can move they usually move away from me and let me set up a chase as they crawl, run, skip and hop on their merry way to explore the world. Sure, I carry them and hug them and chase them and kiss them and rock them and sleep with them. But this is not me following them everywhere and pulling them back to me. This is me being a home base. The “attachment” comes from their being allowed to attach to us, not from us attaching to them like parental leeches.Attachment Parenting is not Selfish Parenting. It is also not selfless parenting. We are not doing it for us, and we are not doing it to torment ourselves,Attachment parenting is not Helicopter Parenting. I don’t hover. I supervise, I follow, I teach, I de monstrate, I explain. I don’t slap curious hands away, I show how to do things safely, I let my child do the things that my child wishes to do, first with help and then with supervision and finally with trust. I don’t insist that my 23 month old hold my ha nd when we walk on the sidewalk because I know that I can recall him with my voice because he trusts me to allow him to explore and he trusts me to explain when something is dangerous and to help him satisfy his curiosities safely.Most of the negative thi ngs that I hear about “attachment parents” are completely off-base and describe something that is entirely unlike Attachment Parenting. Attachment Parenting is child-centric and focuses on the needs of the child. Children need structure, rules, and boundaries. Attachment Parents simply believe that the child and the parent are allies, not adversaries, And that children are taught, not trained.49. According to the author, what should parents do when their kids cry?A. Providing comfort and love.B. Trying to stop kids crying.C. Holding them till they stop.D. Rewarding kids with toys.50. What does “free-range” mean according to the passage?A. Fond of providing a home base.B. Ready to play games with my kids.C. Curious to watch what games they play.D. Willing to give kids freedom of movement.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. According to the passage, what does “cognitive habits” refers to?PASSAGE TWO52. Why was the author doing rounds in a hospital?PASSAGE THREE53. What does “counting” mean in the context?54. What does the author think of raising tax on cigarettes?PASSAGE FOUR55. What does the passage mainly discuss?PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]Should we revive traditional Chinese characters or continue using simplified characters?This has been an intensely discussed question for years. The following are the supporters’and opponents’ opinions. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.。

新题型大学英语四级教程--答案

附录二参考答案U n i t 1Ⅳ.B i l i n gu a l S t u d i e s 2.T r a n s l a t i o n (1)h a v eb e e n r e v e r e da sm a s t e r s i nE u r o pe (2)T h e r e i s n o t h i n g m o r em y s t e r i o u s t h a n (3)t h em a i n l a n do fC h i n ah a v en o t y e t e s t a b l i s h e d t h e m s e l v e s a s av e r y s t r o n gp r e s e n c e (4)a r eh a r d e r ,t o u g h e r a n d s t r o n g e r t h a n (5)i sm o r eb e a u t if u l t h a na p i c t u r e (6)m o r eo f a na r t i s t t h a no f a t e a c h e r(7)p l a y e dw i t hm o r ed a r i n g t h a n s k i l l (8)w i s e r t h a n t ob e l i e v e ;w i t h o u t a s e c o n d t h o u g h t (9)m o r e t h a n i t d i d l a s t y e a rⅤ.V o c a b u l a r y Bu i l d e r 2.B u s i n e s sE n g l i s h W o r dB u i l d i n g A c t i v i t i e s (1)C ㊀(2)B ㊀(3)A ㊀(4)C ㊀(5)A ㊀(6)C (7)A ㊀(8)C ㊀(9)B ㊀(10)C ㊀(11)B ㊀(12)A ⅥW r i t i n g 1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :D i c t i o n (1)E x e r c i s e (A ):(a )s t r a y ;㊀㊀(b )l i c k i n g ;㊀㊀(c )s o a k ;㊀㊀(d )e n v e l o p e d ;㊀㊀(e )p r e s s e d ,t h i e v e d ,f l a s h e d ...o v e r E x e r c i s e (B ):(a )W e s h o u l da l s oc o n s i d e r p u b l i c r e l a t i o n s .(b )T h e r e f o r e ,y o u r p r o p o s a l s e e m s t ou s u n pr a c t i c a l .(c )H i s d e v e l o p m e n t o f a s e r i e s o f n e wr e s e a r c hm e t h o d s l e d t oh i s g r e a t s u c c e s s .(d )N o tm a n y t e a c h e r s c a n t e a c he f f e c t i v e l y .(e )E v e n t u a l l y an e wf a dw i l l r e p l a c e t h i s s c o o t e r c r a z e .E x e r c i s e (C ):(a )T h e n e w s a b o u t t h i s e l e c t i o n s c a n d a l w a s f i r s t r e p o r t e d i n t h e l o c a l n e w s p a p e r .(b )N o s c i e n t i s t k n o w s e x a c t l y w h e r e t h e i n f o r m a t i o nh i g h w a y w i l l l e a du s .(c )C o m pe t e n c ea l o n es h o u l d b e a b l et o d e c i d e w h e t h e rat e a c h e rs h o u l d b e a l l o w e d t o t e a c h .(d )T h e s t o c k h o l d e r s c a nh a r d l y b e c r e d u l o u s e n o u g h t o b e l i e v ew h a t t h e y a r e t o l d .(e )T h e m o s ta n n o y i n g t a s ki m p o s e d o n t h e y o u n g i m pa t i e n t m o t h e ri st h e c h a n g i n g o f e n d l e s s d i a p e r s .(b e s t o w =授予;含褒义e .g.b e s t o wa nh o n o r o n t h eh e r o )(f )T h es i t u a t i o n h a sb e c o m e v e r y s e r i o u sa n d r e qu i r e si m m e d i a t e a t t e n t i o n .332 附录二(d r a s t i c=激进的/严重的;常充当定语㊂e.g.d r a s t i c m e a s u r e s;ad r a s t i cs h o r t a g e o f w a t e r)2.W r i t i n g A c t i v i t i e sT a s kA:T h eB e s t P a r e n t sB a s e d o n t h e c h i l d-p a r e n t s r e l a t i o n s h i p,p s y c h o l o g i s t s h a v e i d e n t i f i e d t h r e e t y p e s o f p a r e n t s:p e r m i s s i v e,a u t o c r a t i c a n da u t h o r i t a t i v e.C o n f r o n t e db y a15-y e a r-o l d w h o w a n t st oa t t e n daS a t u r d a y-n i g h t p a r t y,a p e r m i s s i v e p a r e n tm i g h ts a y: O k a y,b u tt r y n o tt os t a y o u tt o ol a t e. P e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t sa r ee i t h e r i n d i f f e r e n t t o t h e i r k i d s o r s p o i l t h ek i d s t o om u c h.A na u t o c r a t i c p a r e n tm i g h t r e s p o n d, N o, y o ua r e t o o y o u n g f o r t h a t. E n do f d i s c u s s i o n.A u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t s d i c t a t e,d o w n t o t h e l a s t d e t a i l s.T h ea u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n t c o n s i d e r s t h e c h i l d s v i e w p o i n t,t h e n d e c i d e s: Y o u k n o wo u r r u l e a b o u t w e e k e n d s.W e a g r e e d o n a10o c l o c k c u r f e w.Y o u c a n g o t o t h e p a r t y i f y o u r eh o m e b y10. K i d sm a yp r e f e r p e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t s a n d r e b e l a g a i n s t a u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t s.U n d o u b t e d l y,t h em o s t b e n e f i c i a l t o t h e c h i l d r e n s g r o w t h i s t h e a u t h o r i t a t i v e s t y l e,w h i c h g i v e s t h e ml e e w a y b u ta l s os e t sf i r ml i m i t s.C o m i n g d o w nh a r do n e v e r yp e t t y d e t a i le s c a l a t e s m i n o rd i s a g r e e m e n t si n t oa l l-o u t w a r f a r e,a n d m a y a l i e n a t et h e c h i l d r e n f r o mt h e i r p a r e n t s.O n t h eo t h e r h a n d,a l l o w i n g k i d s f u l l f r e e d o m m e a n s l e a v i n g t h e m g r o w i n g w i l d.O n l y t h e p a r e n t sw h oa l l o wt h e i rk i d s f r e e d o m w i t hr e s p o n s i b i l i t y,a n d w i t h i n d i s c i p l i n a r y l i m i t s,h a v e m o r ei n f l u e n c et h a n e i t h e ra u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t so r p e r m i s s i v e o n e s.C h i l d r e nw i t ha u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n t s a l w a y s e n j o y ah e a l t h y e n v i r o n m e n t i nw h i c h t o g r o w.T a s kB:W o r ka n d p l e a s u r e a r e t w o i m p o r t a n t p a r t s o f e v e r y o n e s l i f e.P e o p l e l e a d d i f f e r e n t t y p e s o f l i f eb a s i c a l l y b e c a u s eo f t h e i r d i f f e r e n t a t t i t u d e t o w a r dw o r ka n d p l e a s u r e.I tm a y b es a i dt h a tr a t i o n a la n di n d u s t r i o u s(勤劳)h u m a nb e i n g sa r ed i v i d e di n t ot w o c l a s s e s:f i r s t,t h o s ew h o s ew o r ki sw o r ka n dw h o s e p l e a s u r e i s p l e a s u r e;s e c o n d,t h o s ew h o s e w o r k a n d p l e a s u r e a r e o n e.O f t h e s e t h e f o r m e r a r e t h e m a j o r i t y.T h e y h a v e t h e i r c o m p e n s a t i o n s.T h e l o n g h o u r s i n t h e o f f i c e o r f a c t o r y b r i n g w i t h t h e ma s t h e i r r e w a r d,n o t o n l y t h em e a n s o f l i v i n g,b u t k e e na p p e t i t e f o r p l e a s u r e e v e n i n i t s s i m p l e s t a n dm o s tm o d e s t f o r m s.B u t F o r t u n e s f a v o r e dc h i l d r e n(命运之神的宠儿)b e l o n g t ot h es e c o n dc l a s s.T h e i r l i f ei sa n a t u r a l h a r m o n y.F o r t h e mt h ew o r k i n g h o u r s a r e n e v e r l o n g e n o u g h.E a c hd a y i s a h o l i d a y,a n d o r d i n a r y h o l i d a y s w h e n t h e y c o m e a r e g u a r d e d a se n f o r c e di n t e r r u p t i o n si n a n a b s o r b i n g v o c a t i o n.I nm y o p i n i o n,t h e n e e d o f a n a l t e r n a t i v e o u t l o o k,o f a c h a n g e o f a t m o s p h e r e i s e s s e n t i a l t o b o t hc l a s s e s.I n d e e d,i tm a y w e l l b e t h a t t h o s ew h o s ew o r k i s t h e i r p l e a s u r e a r e t h o s ew h om o s t n e e d t oc h a n g e t h e i r a t t i t u d eo n c e i naw h i l e.U n i t2Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n432(1)对这次考试成绩的详细分析表明,目前教学还存在着严重问题㊂(2)尽管索尔克博士研制艾滋病疫苗的方式受到批评,但他和他的商业伙伴对成功仍充满信心㊂(3)我们必须考虑选择其他一些饮食模式:减少肉食消费,多食用新型高蛋白豆制品,开发海洋资源食品㊂(4)当今广大民众对科学的兴趣重又燃起,这很大程度上是由于斯蒂芬㊃霍金及他用简易语言表述复杂理论的才能㊂(5)当看到一些学生的作品得以发表,我尝到了其中的喜悦㊂(6)小笠原亮现年六十五岁,是位建筑工人㊂他至今仍为当年的记忆所困扰他曾在一个用战俘做实验品的秘密医疗部队服役过两年㊂(7)当今,教育及其相关的科研仍是麻省理工学院的主要目标,而且其指导原则与现实世界存在着一定相关性㊂(8)许多第三世界国家,由于失业率高,工资低,出现了工人移居发达国家的现象㊂(9)如果你大学毕业时具备了训练有素的头脑,即使没学到什么有用的东西,你仍会走在前列,某种意义上也仍是个受过教育的人㊂(10)美国每年有数万人,在他们的心脏还足以维持生命的情况下,却因急救不充分而死去㊂Ⅵ.W r i t i n g 2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :H o wt oP r e pa r e f o r a n I n t e r v i e w J ob i n t e r v i e wi s t h e p r oc e s s i nw h i c h y o u r p r o s p e c t i v e e m p l o ye r c o l l e c t s i nf o r m a t i o no n y o u b y a s k i n gq u e s t i o n s a n do b s e r v i ng ho w y o u g i v ea n s w e r s a n dh o w y o ua c t .W h e t h e r y o uc a n g e t t h e j o bd e p e n d s l a r g e l y on y o u r i n t e r v i e w p e r f o r m a n c e .T h e s e c r e t o f s u c c e s s a t a n i n t e r v i e wi s p r e pa r a t i o n d o y o u r h o m e w o r k f i r s t .H e r ea r e s o m e s u g g e s t i o n s o nh o wt o p r e p a r e f o r a n i n t e r v i e w.F i r s t ,b ew e l l p r e p a r e d f o r t h e q u e s t i o n sm o s t l i k e l y t ob ea s k e db y t h e i n t e r v i e w e r .G o t o t h e l i b r a r y o r g e t o n l i n e ,a n d f i n d o u t a l l i n f o r m a t i o n y o uc a n a b o u t t h e j o b a nd t he o r g a n i z a t i o n y o uh o p e t ow o r kf o r .T h e nu s e t h e i n f o r m a t i o n t o p r e d i c t t h e q u e s t i o n s t ob e a s k e d .A c t u a l l y ,a n y t h i n gy o u f i n do u t a b o u t t h e p r o s p e c t i v ee m p l o y e r c a nb eu s e d t o y o u ra d v a n t ag ed u r i n g th ei n t e r v i e wt o s h o wt h a t y o uh a v eb o t h e r e d t om a s t e r s o m e f a c t s a b o u t t h ec o m p a n yy o uh o pe t o s e r v e .S e c o n d ,w r i t ed o w n (i nE n g l i s h ,i f n e c e s s a r y )a n d r e m e m b e r t h e q u e s t i o n s y o uw a n t t oa s k t h e i n t e r v i e w e r s o t h a t y o u a r e n o t s p e e c h l e s sw h e nh e /s h e i n v i t e s y o u r q u e s t i o n s .T r y t o a s k t h e j o b -r e l a t e d q u e s t i o n s t h a t s u g g e s t y o ua sah a r d -w o r k i n gpe r s o nw i t har e a l i n t e r e s t i nt h e j o b .M a k e s u r e t h eh o l i d a y s a n d p a y a r en o t t h ef i r s t t h i ng s t o i n q u i r ea b o u t .A n dl a s t ,d r e s si n n e a t ,c l e a n a n d c o n s e r v a t i v e c l o th e s ,w hi c h ,t o ge t h e r w i t h c a l m ,c o nf i d e n tm a n n e r s ,m a y h e l p t oc r e a t ea f a v o r a b l e f i r s t i m pr e s s i o n .P r e p a r i n g f o r a n i n t e r v i e w i s a j o b i n i t s e l f -t h e h a r d e r y o uw o r k a t i t ,t h e b e t t e r c h a n c e y o u w i l l h a v eo f g e t t i n g t h e j o b .T a s kB :U n l e a s hY o u rC r e a t i v i t y532 附录二A r e y o u c r e a t i v e?I f y o ua r e l i k em o s t p e o p l e,y o u p r o b a b l y t h i n k y o u r en o t.T h r o u g h o u t o u r l i v e s,w e r e t o l d t h a t c r e a t i v i t y i s r a r e a n dm y s t e r i o u s,a n d t h a t o n l y a r t i s t s a r e c r e a t i v e.B u t p s y c h o l o g i s t s,a f t e rm a n yy e a r so f r e s e a r c hh a v ec o n c l u d e dt h a t c r e a t i v i t y i sw i t h i ne v e r y o n e s r e a c h n oe x c e p t i o n s.T o u n l e a s h y o u r c r e a t i v i t y,m a s t e r t h e s e s t r a t e g i e s:C a p t u r i n g.N e wi d e a sa r ef l e e t i n g t h r o u g h y o u rc o n s c i o u s n e s s.I f y o u d o n t g r a bt h e m q u i c k l y,t h e y r eu s u a l l yg o n e f o r e v e r.C h a l l e n g i n g.O n e w a y t oa c c e l e r a t et h ef l o w o fn e wi d e a s i st o p u t y o u r s e l f i nd i f f i c u l t s i t u a t i o n sw h e r e y o u r e l i k e l y t o f a i l.W h e nw e f a i l t od o s o m e t h i n g,w eb e g i n t r y i n g o u t o t h e r a p p r o a c h e s.M a n y i d e a s c o m p e t ev i g o r o u s l y,g r e a t l y e n h a n c i n g t h e c r e a t i v e p r o c e s s.B r o a d e n i n g.T h em o r ek n o w l e d g e y o uh a v ea n dt h e m o r ed i v e r s et h a tk n o w l e d g ei s,t h e g r e a t e r y o u r p o t e n t i a l f o r c r e a t i v eo u t p u t.C o u n t l e s s a d v a n c e sw e r em a d e p o s s i b l eb e c a u s e t h e i r c r e a t o r s h a de x p e r i e n c e i nd i v e r s ef i e l d s.I f y o uw a n t t oe n h a n c e y o u rc r e a t i v i t y,l e a r na b o u t s u b j e c t s y o uk n o wn o t h i n g a b o u t a n dd o n tw a n t t ok n o wa b o u t.W i t hn e wc r e a t i v e p o w e r s,w e r ea l l b e t t e r a b l e t o s o l v e t h e l i t t l e p r o b l e m s t h a t t r o u b l eu s d a i l y.U n i t3Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)由于森林栖息地的丧失和菲律宾猎人的大量捕杀,这种受到严重威胁的鸟类的野生数量减到不足一百只㊂(2)布鲁克斯的诗歌因深化了个人和社会经历的意义而广受称赞㊂(3)父亲上周买的食品只吃了一小部分㊂(4)通过对一些古老精美材料的巧妙再利用,波士顿市18世纪的芬纽尔大厅得以全面的修复与改观㊂(5)如果将光与热分离,冰淇淋即使暴露于镜子的强光之下也不会融化㊂一种涂于金属反射器上的多层特制薄膜即所谓的金属冷镜使这一现象成为可能㊂(6)虽然自动化和电子传感技术取得了长足进展,农产品的按质挑选仍主要靠手工完成㊂(7)多年以来,海外一直有人热衷于收集和考察美洲土著人的工艺品㊂(8)在这次探测任务行将结束之际,可能尝试进行具有高度危险性的飞行以进一步探察该行星的表层情况㊂Ⅴ.V o c a b u l a r y B u i l d e r1.V o c a b u l a r y B u i l d i n g S k i l l1)(1)下大赌注的超级赌徒;喜爱文化艺术的人群/附庸风雅的(2)无息银行贷款(3)难以预测(4)穷困国家,由水传播的疾病(5)充满特技镜头的大片632(6)电视点播,被谈论的,按收视次数付费,有线电视2)(1)位于之首(2)用刀刺死(3)简述的形象(4)(争论)十分激烈(5)罗列出(6)蹬车(7)用直升机运送(8)进入停滞状态Ⅵ.W r i t i n g1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :S e n t e n c eB u i l d i n g 1)E x e r c i s e (a )W h e n ,a n d ,s o ,w h e r e ,b u t ,w h i c h ,W h e n ,w h o ,w h e t h e r /i f ,a n d ,a s .(b )A l t h o u g h ,a n d ,a n d ,b e c a u s e ,w h o ,A s ,s o t h a t .2)E x e r c i s e (a )T h ec l a s s i c i m a g eo faw r i t e r i so fa s l i g h t l y d e m e n t e d -l o o k i n gp e r s o n ,l o c k e d i na na t t i c ,s c r i b b l i n g a w a y f u r i o u s l y f o r d a y s o ne n d .N a t u r a l l y ,h eh a s a f a v o r i t eb e a t -u p t y p e w r i t e r ,w i t h o u tw h i c hh e c o u l dn o t p r o d u c e a r e a d a b l ew o r d .N o w a d a y s ,w ek n o wt h a t s u c h i m a g e s b e a r l i t t l e r e s e m b l a n c e t o r e a l i t y .B u t a r e t h e y c o m p l e t e l y f a l s e ?I n t h e c a s eo f a t l e a s t o n e w r i t e r ,i t w o u l d s e e m n o t .M u r i e l S p a r k ,w h o h a s j u s t t u r n e d 80,r e s e m b l e s t h i s s t e r e o t y p i c a l w r i t e r i n m a n y w a y s .B u t s h ei sc e r t a i n l y no td e m e n t e d ,a n ds h ed o e s n t w o r k i na na t t i c .B u t s h e i s r a t h e rn e u r o t i ca b o u t t h et o o l so fh e r t r a d e .I nf a c t s h e i s s o s u p e r s t i t i o u s t h a t i f s o m e o n eu s e s h e r p e nb y a c c i d e n t ,s h e i m m e d i a t e l y t h r o w s i t a w a y .(b )Il o o k e da tt h eb l a c k ,u n t a m e dc a t t l ea n dt h e y l o o k e db a c ka t m e ,t h e i re y e s g l i n t i n g t h r o u g h t h e r o u g h f r i n g eo f h a i r t h a t f e l l o v e r t h e i r f a c e .(c )Af i n a l j o bw i t h t h e s t a m p s ,a n d s h e r o s e f r o mt h ed e s kw i t h s t i f f l i m b s a n d t i r e d e ye s .S h ef e l t a l i t t l ed i z z y ,b u t s h e l o c k e d t h ed e s kw i t h t h ek n o w l e d ge t h a t t h em o s t s e r i o u s p a r t of p r e p a r i ng a p a r t y w a s o v e r .2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :I n t e r n e t s I n f l u e n c e o nO u rL i f eN o w w eh a v e m o v e df r o m ac u l t u r ec e n t e r e do n n e t w o r k T V ,p h o n e s w i t h w i r e sa n d i n f o r m a t i o no n p a p e r t oad i g i t a l (数码)s o c i e t y .T h ew o r l d i s b e i n g c o n n e c t e do n t h e I n t e r n e t ,a n d t h e r e i s n o g o i n g b a c k .G l o b a l l y ,t h e r ea r em o r e t h a n 200m i l l i o n p e o p l eo nt h eN e t .T h e n u m b e r t e l l s t h ee s s e n c eo ft h es t o r y :t h e N e t i sn ol o n g e ran o v e l t y ,a ni n t e r e s t i n g w a y o f p a s s i n g t h e t i m e .T h e nw h a t i s i t ?H o wi s i t c h a n g i n g t h ew a y we l i v ea n dw o r k ?I n t e r n e t i sc h a n g i n g t h e w a y w es h o p .E v e nt h o u g h o n l i n es h o p p i n g r e p r e s e n t so n l y af r a c t i o no f t o t a l c o n s u m e r s a l e s t h e s e d a ys ,w i t h s a l e s e s t i m a t e d a t$184b i l l i o nw i t h i n t h e t h r e e732 附录二y e a r s,t h ec u r v ei sh e a d i n g s t r a i g h tu p.A n dt h i s i s j u s tas p r i n g b o a r df o raf u t u r et h a tm o s t c o m p u t e r-u s e r sw i l l e n j o y:u s i n g r e m o t e c o n t r o l,y o uw i l l f i n d i t e a s i e r t o c h o o s e f r o ma v a r i e t y o f s t o r e s i na n o t h e r c i t y t h a n g o t o t h e l o c a lm a l l.B e s i d e s e l e c t r o n i cs h o p p i n g,I n t e r n e t i sm a k i n g m a n y o t h e r t h i n g s t h a tw ed oe a s i e ra n d m o r ec o n v e n i e n t.S o m e p e o p l e a r e a l r e a d y c o n s u l t i n g d o c t o r s o n t h eN e t,i n s t e a d o f g o i n g t o t h e h o s p i t a l;s o m ea r el i s t e n i n g t ot h er a d i oa n d w a t c h i n g T V p r o g r a m so nt h e N e t;s o m ea r e m a k i n g i n v e s t m e n ta n dc o n d u c t i n g b u s i n e s sn e g o t i a t i o n so nt h e N e t;s t i l l m o r ea r es e n d i n g l e t t e r s,p l a y i n gg a m e s,m a k i n g f r i e n d sa n dh a v i n g c o n v e r s a t i o n so nt h e N e t.E a c ho ft h e s e a c t i v i t i e s i s i m p r e s s i v e,a n d t h e c o l l e c t i v e e f f e c t i s ad i f f e r e n t k i n do f l i f e.S o w e a r e a t t h e b e g i n n i n g o f a n e w w a y o f w o r k i n g,s h o p p i n g,p l a y i n g a n d c o m m u n i c a t i n g.F o r t h e m o m e n tw ea r ec a l l i n g t h i s p h e n o m e n o ne-l i f e,a n di t s j u s t i nt i m e.B e c a u s e t h ed a y i sa p p r o a c h i n g w h e nn oo n e w i l ld e s c r i b et h ed i g i t a l,N e t-b a s e d,c o m p u t e r-c o n n e c t e dw o r l dw i t h s u c ha t r a n s i t o r y t e r m.W e l l j u s t c a l l i t l i f ea n da c c e p t i t j u s t a s i t i s. T a s kB:W h y S u c c e s s i s S oD e a r t oE v e r y o n eT h e r e h a s n e v e r b e e n as i n g l e u n i f o r m d e f i n i t i o n f o rs u c c e s s.P e o p l e h a v e d i f f e r e n t u n d e r s t a n d i n g s o f s u c c e s sb e c a u s et h e i ra m b i t i o n sa n dv a l u e sv a r y f r o m o n ea n o t h e r.B u to n e t h i n g a b o u t i t i s u n i v e r s a l:s u c c e s s i s p r e c i o u s t oa l m o s t e v e r y o n e.W ec h e r i s hs u c c e s sb e c a u s ea c h i e v i n g s u c c e s s s a t i s f i e s ab a s i c p s y c h o l o g i c a l n e e do fh u m a n b e i n g s-f e e l i n g g o o d a b o u t o n e s e l f.N o m a t t e r s u c c e s s m a y a c t u a l l y b r i n g:m o n e y f o r b u s i n e s s m e n,p r e s t i g e f o r s c h o l a r s,o r g o o dm a r k s f o r s t u d e n t s,i t i n v a r i a b l y g i v e s t h e s e p e o p l e a s e n s eo f a c c o m p l i s h m e n t,af e e l i n g o f p r i d e,a n da p l e a s u r eo f s e l f-c o n f i d e n c e.T h e s ea r ea l l p o s i t i v e f e e l i n g s t h a t c o n t r i b u t e t o y o u r s e l f-e s t e e ma n dm a k e y o u f e e l b e t t e r.W ec h e r i s hs u c c e s sb e c a u s e i t t e a c h e su se n t h u s i a s m,c o u r a g e,p e r s e v e r a n c e,p a t i e n c e,a s e n s eo fr e s p o n s i b i l i t i e sa n d m a n y o t h e ri m p o r t a n th u m a n q u a l i t i e s.T a k ea n e x a m p l eo fa s t u d e n tw i t h a v e r a g e i n t e l l i g e n c e.I n t h e p r o c e s s o f s t r i v i n g f o r a s u c c e s s f u l t e s t p e r f o r m a n c e,h e h a s t o s t u d yp e r s i s t e n t l y w i t h l o t s o f z e s t.H em u s t u n d e r s t a n d t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f l e a r n i n g l i e s w i t hh i m s e l f.H e i s b o u n d t o e x p e r i e n c e d i f f i c u l t i e s,a n d i n c o p i n g w i t h t h e s e d i f f i c u l t i e s h ew i l l g r a d u a l l y l e a r n t h ev a l u eo f c o u r a g ea n do p t i m i s m.W e c h e r i s h s u c c e s s b e c a u s e i t i sn e v e r e a s y t oc o m eb y.W e s t r i v eh a r dw e i t,b e c a u s ew e k n o wt h a t e v e r y s u c c e s s,h o w e v e r s m a l l,t a k e s u s a s t e p c l o s e r t oab r i g h t e r f u t u r e.U n i t4Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)在占全国面积一半,人口为全国25%的地区里,居民们必须拨打长达七位数的求救号码,而且该号码因地而异,可能导致致命的数分钟的延误㊂(2)人们积极种植柳树以加固河岸,顶住偶尔发生的水灾;还计划拓宽回水水道以缓解干流在未来洪水期所承受的压力㊂(3)计算机输出信号,刺激大脑视觉区 ,从而使这位完全失明的病人得以识别光亮的图像㊂832(4)通过天文镜天文学家看见的是一个荒芜严酷的世界,但他们相信这个世界仍有可能生存着原始生命㊂(5)在美国存在着一种较为常见的平行式生活方式㊂在这种生活方式中,各民族群体保留着自己的风俗习惯与社会传统㊂(6)在一些国家,居民们生活在共同的传统背景下,而美国人则来自不同的民族㊂因此相比之下,可接受的风俗习惯在美国更为广泛㊂(7)最会读书的人能消化吸收最多的知识,并将其转化为自己个性的一部分㊂(8)体育运动是英国社交季节的核心,这点绝非偶然㊂(9)现在还不完全清楚金字塔的建造者们是如何使用当时十分原始的工具拖拉垒砌那些巨大石块的㊂Ⅵ.W r i t i n g 1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :S e n t e n c eV a r i e t y 2)E x e r c i s e :R e w r i t e t h e f o l l o w i n g s h o r t p a s s a g e t oa c h i e v e g r e a t e r s e n t e n c ev a r i e t y . H i l l a r y a n dN o r g a y s t a r t e dc l i m b i n g t o w a r d t h e t o p a g a i n .W o u l d t h e y ma k e i t ?E v e r yb o d y w h oh a d t r i e db e f o r eh a d f a i l e d a n dm a n y h a d g o t k i l l e d .S l o w l y ,s t e a d i l y ,t h e y k e p tc l i m b i n g u n t i l t h e y r e a c h ed t he l a s t i c y c l if f .T h e y k n e wt h e y w e r ev e r y c l o s e t o t h e t o p .B u t h o wc l o s e ?B l i n d i ng ,s w i r l i n g s n o wk e p t th e mf r o ms e ei n g .T h e y k e p t c l i m b i n g a n y w a y .I t w a s o n M a y 29,1953t h a t t h e y f i n a l l y r e a c h e d t h e t o p . T h er e a s o n s f o rD i s n e y s s u c c e s sw e r ev a r i e da n dn u m e r o u s ,b u t u l t i m a t e l y t h ec r e d i t g o e s t o W a l tD i s n e y t h em a nw h o c r e a t e d t h e c a r t o o na n db u i l t t h e c o m p a n y .W i t hh i s g r e a t m a n a g e m e n t a b i l i t y ,h e s i n g l e h a n d e d l y p i o n e e r e d t h e c o n c e p t s o f b r a n d i n g a n d m e r c h a n d i s i n g . T a k ea l o o ka t t h e c r i s i s f a c i n g t h e c i t i e s .A t n o t i m e i nh i s t o r y ha s t h e r eb e e ns uc ha m a s sm i g r a t i o no f p e o p l e f r o mc o u n t r y s ide t oc i t y a s i s h a p p e n i n g n o w.B y 2030,i t s e s t i m a t e d t h a tm o r e t h a n t w o t h i r d s of t h ew o r l d s p o p u l a t i o nw i l l b e l i v i ng i nc i t i e s t w i c ea sm a n y a s t o d a y .A n d t w i c e a s b a dw i l l b e th e p r o b l e m s f a c e d b y t h e ci t i e s o v e r c r o w d i n g ,p o o r h o u s i n g ,u n e m p l o y m e n t ,p o v e r t y,a n d l a c ko f f o o da n dw a t e r .H e n c e t h en e e d f o r i m m e d i a t e s o l u t i o n s .2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :I sE n v i r o n m e n t a l P o l l u t i o naC r i m e?W h e n i t c o m e s t oc r i m e ,w e i n v a r i a b l y t a l ka b o u t s t e a l i n g ,r o b b i n g a n dk i l l i n g ,a n ds o m e o t h e r o f f e n s e s ,w h i c hc a u s ed a m a g e st o p e o pl e s p o s s e s s i o n sa n dl i v e sa n dt h e r e f o r e m u s tb e p u n i s h e d b y l a w.P r o b a b l y n o tm a n y p e o p l e a s s o c i a t e c r i m ew i t h e n v i r o n m e n t a l p o l l u t i o n .B u t i n v i e wo f i t s i n c r e a s i n g l y s e r i o u s c o n s e q u e n c e s ,p o l l u t i o n i s u n d o u b t e d l y al s oa na c t t h a td e s e r v e s l e g a l p u n i s h m e n t .A n y o n ew h od o u b t s t h i sn e e d so n l y t ol o o ka tw h a t t h en a t u r ei s s u f f e r i n g a sar e s u l to f m a n s s h o r t s i g h t e d n e s sa n d g r e e d .E v e rs i n c et h ei n d u s t r i a lr e v o l u t i o n ,m a nh a sb e e ns l o w l y p o i s o n i n g h i s e n v i r o n m e n t i n t h em a d p u r s u i t o fm a t e r i a l t h i n g s .N o wt h e s k y i s d a r k e n i n g wi t h932 附录二c h o k i n g a nd s t i n g i n g a i r h o ve r i n g o v e r c i t i e s;M i s u s e d i n s e c t i c i d e s a r e k i l l i n g p l a n t s a n dw i l d l if e; S e w ag e-f i l l e d r i v e r s a r e c a u s i n g a r a p i d l o s s o f d r i n k i n g w a t e r a n da nv a l u a b l e f o o d s u p p l y-f i s h.B e s i d e s t h e s eh o r r i b l ef a c t s,t h e r ei sa l s ot h ee n o r m o u s f i n a n c i a l c o s t i n v o l v e di nt h es o-c a l l e de n v i r o n m e n t a l p r o j e c t s.T a k eas m a l l p a p e r-m a k i n g f a c t o r y a sa ne x a m p l e.T h ef a c t o r y m a y h a v e p r o v i d e d e m p l o y m e n t f o r l o c a l p e o p l e a n d c o n t r i b u t e d100,000y u a n i n c o m e t a x t o t h e s o c i e t y.B u t o n t h eo t h e rh a n d,i t a l s o p o l l u t e dar i v e rb yp o u r i n g s e w a g e i n t o i t.T os a v e t h e r i v e r,t h e g o v e r n m e n tm a y h a v e t o s p e n dam i l l i o no n t h e s e w a g e-t r e a t m e n t p r o j e c t s.S o t h e r e i s n oo v e r e s t i m a t i n g t h e l o s s e s p o l l u t i o n i s c a u s i n g,b o t hd i r e c t l y a n d i n d i r e c t l y,t o h u m a nb e i n g s.A n dt h e r e i s c e r t a i n l y n oe x a g g e r a t i o ni nc o n s i d e r i n gp o l l u t i o na sac r i m e.I t s t i m e t o s e r i o u s l y c a r r y o u t e n v i r o n m e n t a l l a w s t o p r o t e c t t h e e a r t h o u r h o m e.T a s kB:T h eP l e a s u r e o fL e a r n i n gL e a r n i n g i so n eo ft h ee s s e n t i a l p l e a s u r e so ft h eh u m a nr a c e.T h o s e w h oa v o i dl e a r n i n g o f t e nf i n d l i f e d r y a n d m e a n i n g l e s s,f o rt h e y d e p r i v e t h e m s e l v e s o ft h e e x c i t e m e n t a n d f u l f i l l m e n t i n l e a r n i n g s o m e t h i n g n e w.T h e p l e a s u r eo f l e a r n i n g i s u n i v e r s a l,e v e r y w h e r e t ob e f o u n d.M a n y o f u sh a v e t a s t e d t h e j o y o f l e a r n i n g b y r e a d i n g i n t e r e s t i n g b o o k s.B o o k s a r e n o l u m p s o f l i f e l e s s p a p e r,b u t a v o i c e f a r d i s t a n t i n t i m e a n d s p a c e,t a l k i n g t o r e a d e r s,m i n d t om i n d,h e a r t t oh e a r t.F o r b e y o n db o o k s, w ec a n a l s o e n j o y t h ef r u i t so ft r a v e l i n g,p r o v i d e dt h a t w et r a v e l w i t h a n o p e n m i n dt o u n d e r s t a n do t h e r p e o p l ea n do t h e r p l a c e s,a n da na l e r t e y ef o ra l l k i n d so fn o v e l e x p e r i e n c e s.F i n a l l y,l e a r n i n g a l s om e a n s l e a r n i n g t o p r a c t i c e,o ra t l e a s t,t oa p p r e c i a t ea na r t.E v e r y n e w a r tw e l e a r nb l e s s u sw i t han e ws e n s e,b y w h i c hw em a y e n j o y t h ew o n d e r s o f t h ew o r l dm o r e i n t e n s e l y.I f t h e p l e a s u r eo f l e a r n i n g i su n i v e r s a l,w h y a r et h e r es o m a n y d u l l,u n h a p p y s t u d e n t s i n s c h o o l?I t i s b e c a u s e t h e y w e r em a d ed u l l b y b a d t e a c h i n g,b y i s o l a t i o n,b y s u r r e n d e r t o r o u t i n ea n db y t h e i r o w n l a z i n e s s.T h e s t u d e n t sw h o s u f f e r f r o m l e a r n i n g s h o u l db r e a ka w a y f r o mt h eb o n d s o ft e x t b o o k sa n dt e s t s,a n de m b r ac ev a r i o u so t h e rf i e ld so fk n o w le d g e w i t hr e n e w e d e n e r g y.U n i t5Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)S o m e t i m e sw h e n I t h o u g h tm y k e y l o s t,...(2)W h e n t h e y m a y b r i n g t h e i rw i v e sw i t h t h e m,...(3)W h e n I g i v ea s t u d e n t c r e d i t f o r a j o be s p e c i a l l y w e l l d o n e,...(4)...j u s tw h e n I h a dc o m p a n y.(5)W h e n I g o t i n t om a n a g e m e n t,...(6)V i e w e d t h r o u g hm y e x p e r i e n c eo f a l m o s t35y e a r s o f l a w p r a c t i c e,...(7)F a c e dw i t hd e s p e r a t ew a t e r n e e d s,...042(8)F o l l o w i n g h i s g r a d u a t i o n ,...(9)...d e p e n d i n g o n t h e i r s t o r a g e c a p a c i t y .(10)...w o r k i n g a t h e r o w na pa r t m e n t ,...Ⅵ.W r i t i n g2.W r i t i n g A c t i v i t i e s (2)T a s kA :B u i l d i n g aG o o dT e a c h e r S t u d e n tR e l a t i o n s h i pA g o o dt e a c h e r -s t u d e n tr e l a t i o n s h i p i so n eo ft h e g u a r a n t e e sf o rs u c c e s s f u l t e a c h i n g a n d l e a r n i n g .A g o o d r e l a t i o n s h i p l e a d s t o f r u i t f u l c o o pe r a t i o n ,t h a t i s ,t h e t e a c h e r c a n g u i d e h i s /h e r s t u d e n t sm o r e ef f e c t i v e l y a n d t h e s t u d e n t s c a n l e a r nm o r e e f f i c i e n t l y.A n i d e a l t e a c h e r -s t u d e n t r e l a t i o n s h i p n e v e r c o m e s e a s i l y .I t d e pe n d s o n t h e c o n s c i o u s ef f o r t s f r o mb o t ht h et e a c h e ra n dt h es t u d e n t s .T h eb e s te x a m p l ec a nb ed r a w nf r o m m ype r s o n a l e x p e r i e n c ea sac o l l e g es t u d e n t .W e h a d d e v e l o p e da w a r m ,f r i e n d l y r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h o u r E ng l i sh t e a c h e r ,J o h nK e n t .J o h nw o nu s o v e rwi t h t h e s p e c i a l e f f o r t s h e p o u r e d i n t oo u r c l a s s .H i s l e c t u r e sw e r ea l w a y sw e l l p r e p a r e da n dd e l i v e r e dc l e a r l y a n d i m a g i n a t i v e l y h ee x p l a i n e d h i s i d e a sw i t h p a i n t i n g s a n d r e c o r d i n g s ,a n do n c eh ee v e ns a n g a s o n g t o i l l u s t r a t ea p o i n t .W e a l s oa d m i r e d t h ef a c t t h a th es p e n t t i m e g e n e r o u s l y w i t hs t u d e n t so u t s i d eo fc l a s s r o o m.B e i n g i n s p i r e db y o u rt e a c h e r sd e v o t i o n ,w es t u d i e da l l t h e m o r ed i l i g e n t l y ,a l w a y sr e s pe c tf u la n d p o l i t e .W ew e r ea l l e ag e r t o sh o wo u r a p p r e ci a t i o nb y d o i n g w e l l i n s t u d i e s .O f c o u r s e ,t h i n g s a r en e v e r s o s i m p l ea n dm i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g m a y o c c u ro n c e i naw h i l e .I n t h i s c a s e ,a h o s t i l e ,g r u d g e -b e a r i n g a t t i t u d ew o u l d n e v e r h e l p .B o t h s i d e s s h o u l d b e k i n d ,p a t i e n t a n d f r a n k .B y s i t t i n g d o w na n dh a v i n g a go o d t a l k t h e r e i s n o t r o u b l e t h a t c a n tw o r ko u t .T a s kB :T a k i n g C h a n c e s H o w m a n y s p l e n d i d p l a n sh a v e y o u m a d ef o r y o u r l i f e ?A n dh o w m a n y o f t h e m h a v e g o t c a n c e l l e db e c a u s e y o u f e l t d i s c o u r a g e d a b o u t s o m e i m a g i n e dd i f f i c u l t i e s ?W h e nw e c o m e t o t h i n k o f t h e s e q u e s t i o n s ,w ew i l l b e s u r pr i s e d t o f i n d t h a tm o r e t h a nh a l f o f o u r d r e a m s h a v e f a i l e d t o c o m e t r u e n o t b e c a u s ew e l a c k t h e a b i l i t y b u t b e c a u s ew e n e v e r g a v e i t a t r y.S o m e t i m e sw ew e r e j u s t t o om u c ho fac o w a r dt ot r y s o m e t h i n g u n p r e d i c t a b l e .W ew e r e p a r a l y z e db y t h ef e a ro f r i s k s a n d f a i l u r e s .I f y o u f i n d y o u r s e l fa c t i n g l i k es u c hk i n do fac o w a r d ,i t sa d v i s a b l et or e m i n d y o u r s e l f ,f r o mt i m e t o t i m e ,t h e o l d s a y i n g N o t h i n g v e n t u r e d ,n o t h i n g g a i n e d .H e r e i s a l i t t l e a n e c d o t e t oh e l py o uu n d e r s t a n d t h e p o i n t :A m o t h e r t o o kh e r t h r e e s o n s f o r a no u t i n g t oan e a r b y d a m.W h e n t h eb o y s a s k e d i f t h e y c o u l dd i v e do f f an e w l y c o n s t r u c t e db r i d g e ,t h e i r r e q u e s tw a sm e t w i t had e f i n i t en o .N o to n l y w a s i ta 13-f o o td r o p t ot h ew a t e r ,t h e m o t h e r p o i n t e do u t ,b u t t h e r em i g h t b e s u b m e r g e do b s t a c l e s (暗礁)t h a t c o u l db e ad e a t h t r a p.H o w e v e r t h em i d d l e s o n w a s n o t c o n v i n c e d .A t h i s s u g g e s t i o nh i s e l d e r b r o t h e r v e n t u r e d i n t o t h ew a t e r a n d s u r v e y e d t h e a r e aw h e r e t h e y w a n t e dt o j u m p .T h ed e p t ho f t h ew a t e rw a s f i n e ,a sw e l la sb e i n g wi t h o u t142 附录二。

2023年四级英语试卷

2023年四级英语试卷Part I: Listening Comprehension (25 points)Section A: Sentence Completion (5 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear a sentence or short passage and you will be asked to complete the sentence or answer a question about the passage. Listen carefully and choose the best answer from the options given.1. A: Did you go to the concert last night?B: No, I wanted to, but I _________. (A) had to work late(B) missed the bus(C) lost my ticket2. A: What are you planning to do during the summer break?B: I haven't decided yet, but _________. (A) I might go on a road trip(B) I'm going to stay at home(C) I will start a part-time job3. A: Are you going to the meeting this afternoon?B: I'm not sure, _________. (A) I might have a conflict(B) I haven't received the invitation yet(C) I will check my schedule later4. A: Can you lend me your car for the weekend?B: I'm sorry, _________. (A) I have already promised it to someone else(B) I need it for a road trip(C) I'm not comfortable lending it to others5. A: How was your trip to London?B: It was amazing. _________. (A) I visited many famous landmarks(B) I stayed at a luxurious hotel(C) I had a business conference thereSection B: Conversation (10 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear several conversations. Listen carefully and answer the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the options given.6. Woman: Have you heard about the new art exhibition at the museum?Man: Yes, I have. I heard it's really impressive. _______.Question: What does the man mean? (A) He thinks the exhibition is impressive(B) He hasn't heard about the exhibition(C) He doesn't think the exhibition is impressive7. Woman: Did you get the email from the professor about the assignment?Man: No, I didn't. _______.Question: What does the man mean? (A) He received the email from the professor(B) He didn't receive the email from the professor(C) He is not sure if he received the email8. Man: Can you help me with the math problem?Woman: Of course. _______.Question: What does the woman mean? (A) She is willing to help the man(B) She is unable to help the man(C) She is busy at the moment9. Woman: Are you going to the party tonight?Man: I wish I could, but _______.Question: What does the man mean? (A) He wants to go to the party(B) He is unable to attend the party(C) He is unsure about going to the party10. Man: I heard the company is looking to hire new employees.Woman: Yes, I saw the job posting online. _______.Question: What does the woman mean? (A) She is interested in the job posting(B) She hasn't seen the job posting(C) She is not interested in the job postingSection C: Passage (10 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage. Listen carefully and answer the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the options given.11. In the passage, the speaker talks about _______.(A) the benefits of exercise(B) the importance of a healthy diet(C) the negative effects of stress12. According to the speaker, regular exercise can _______.(A) improve mental health(B) help with weight loss(C) prevent chronic diseases13. The speaker mentions that exercise can _______.(A) increase energy levels(B) reduce the risk of depression(C) improve sleep quality14. The speaker suggests that _______.(A) everyone should exercise for at least an hour every day(B) it is important to find an exercise routine that suits one's interests(C) exercise is only beneficial for physical health15. The speaker concludes by saying that _______.(A) exercise is the key to a long and happy life(B) exercise should be the top priority for everyone(C) a balanced lifestyle includes both exercise and a healthy dietPart II: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section A: Multiple Choice (10 points)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Choose the best answer to each question based on the information given in the passage.Passage 1A survey conducted among university students revealed that the majority of them struggle with time management. Many students find it difficult to balance their academicresponsibilities with their personal lives. In order to improve time management skills, experts suggest creating a schedule, setting realistic goals, and eliminating distractions.16. What does the survey among university students reveal?(A) They excel in time management.(B) They struggle with time management.(C) They have balanced personal lives.17. According to experts, how can time management skills be improved?(A) By creating a schedule.(B) By setting unrealistic goals.(C) By increasing distractions.Passage 2Research shows that reading for pleasure has numerous benefits. It can improve vocabulary, enhance critical thinking skills, and reduce stress. Reading can also broaden one's perspective and increase empathy. To encourage reading, schools should provide a variety of books, create reading spaces, and organize book clubs.18. What are the benefits of reading for pleasure?(A) Improving vocabulary and reducing stress.(B) Enhancing critical thinking skills and increasing empathy.(C) Broadening perspectives and organizing book clubs.19. How can schools encourage reading?(A) By providing a variety of books.(B) By reducing reading spaces.(C) By organizing book clubs.Section B: Cloze Test (10 points)Directions: In this section, you will read a passage with 10 blanks. Fill in each blank with the correct word based on the context provided.Passage 1Sleep is essential for our overall well-being. Lack of sleep can lead to (20) _______ problems, such as difficulty concentrating, memory loss, and decreased productivity. It is recommended that adults get at least 7-9 (21) _______ of sleep each night. To improve sleep quality, establish a (22) _______ routine, create a comfortable sleep (23) _______, and avoid caffeine and electronics before bed. Remember, a good night's sleep is crucial for a healthy body and mind.20. (A) cognitive (B) physical (C) emotional21. (A) hours (B) minutes (C) seconds22. (A) consistent (B) irregular (C) occasional23. (A) environment (B) space (C) timeSection C: Reading Comprehension (20 points)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Answer the questions based on the information given in each passage.Passage 1According to a recent study, regular exercise can improve brain function and memory. The study followed a group of individuals aged 60 and above for a period of six months. The participants were divided into two groups - one group engaged in regular physical exercise, while the other group did not. The results showed that the group that exercised regularly performed significantly better on memory tests compared to the group that did not exercise.24. What was the purpose of the recent study?(A) To improve brain function in individuals aged 60 and above.(B) To compare memory tests between two groups of individuals.(C) To study the effects of regular exercise on brain function and memory.25. How long did the study last?(A) Six days.(B) Six months.(C) Six years.Passage 2Climate change is a pressing issue that requires immediate action. The increase in greenhouse gas emissions has led to rising global temperatures, extreme weather events, and the loss of biodiversity. It is crucial for individuals, governments, and businesses to take steps towards reducing carbon emissions and adopting sustainable practices. Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, should be promoted and invested in to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.26. What are the consequences of greenhouse gas emissions?(A) Rising global temperatures and extreme weather events.(B) The loss of biodiversity and renewable energy sources.(C) The promotion and investment in sustainable practices.27. What is the main message of the passage?(A) The need for immediate action to address climate change.(B) The importance of rising global temperatures.(C) The reliance on fossil fuels.Part III: Writing (25 points)Directions: In this section, you are required to write an essay of about 200 words on the topic below.Topic: The Impact of Social Media on SocietyIn recent years, social media has become an integral part of our daily lives. It has revolutionized communication, connecting people from all over the world. However, there are both positive and negative effects of social media on society.On the positive side, social media allows individuals to stay connected with friends and family, regardless of distance. It provides a platform for sharing ideas, opinions, and experiences. Social media has also played a significant role in raising awareness about social and political issues. It has given a voice to marginalized groups and facilitated the spread of information and resources.However, there are also negative aspects of social media. It can contribute to feelings of loneliness and depression, as people compare themselves to others and strive for unrealistic standards. Cyberbullying and online harassment have also become prevalent issues. Moreover, the constant exposure to curated content and fake news can lead to misinformation and polarization.In conclusion, social media has had a profound impact on society. It has transformed the way we communicate and interact, but it also comes with challenges. It is important for individuals to use social media responsibly and critically evaluate the information they encounter. Only then can social media be a force for positive change in our society.Note: This essay is approximately 200 words long.。

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大学英语四级考试专家预测试卷Total score: 710Total time allowed: 130 minutesPart I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled To Curb Spending? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 现在许多大学生花钱大手大脚;2. 有人认为社会整体生活水平提高了，大学生花钱多一些无可厚非;3. 你的看法。

Part II Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) The author isn’t an expert in economy.B) She has a better theory about the economy.C) She isn’t sure that the author’s idea would work.D) The author spends too much time arguing about details.2. A) 7:45. B) 7:15. C) 7:30. D) 8:00.3. A) 5. B) 13. C)4. D) 6.4. A) Only the first part of the report is due next Friday.B) The reports should have been completed by today.C) Some students haven’t started their reports yet.D) Some students didn’t finish their reports yet.5. A) The desk wasn’t so heavy as it looks.B) She and her roommate moved the desk.C) Her roommates found her another desk.D) They had to get a moving company to help.6. A) A dentist. B) A cook. C) A tailor. D) A dietician.7. A) At a train station. B) At a ticket office.C) In a press office. D) In a book store.8. A) Mike doesn’t need to pay the tuition.B) Mike pays the tuition.C) His parents think the tuition is too high.D) Mike’s parents pay the tuition.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) Sweet love among the young people.B) Sweet love is good for people’s health.C) Chocolates and red wine as gifts for the lovers.D) How to lead a healthy and happy life.10. A) To buy kinds of gifts. B) To be romantic.C) To express love to each other. D) Keeping healthy.11. A) Smoky and physically active.B) Physically active and less likely to smoke and optimistic.C) Experiencing physical changes.D) Their lives need to be balanced between love and work.12. A) She refused. B) She is willing to.C) She hesitates. D) She is reluctant.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) “Lose-lose” solutions are useful in keeping a successful marriage.B) To run a “win-win” solution is hard.C) There is no success in marriage.D) Running a successful marriage involves with many factors.14. A) They changed their ways of talking.B) They change to another topic.C) They made their way to choose the wallpaper that is favored by both.D) They just topped quarreling.15. A) They don’t want to be weak.B) They want to feel loved and respected.C) Controlling over another means winning arguments at home.D) They are lack of trust and insecurity.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Greek. B) Olympia. C) Amsterdam. D) Ancient Greek.17. A) Olympia. B) Berlin.C) The host-city of the games. D) The stadium.18. A) It is so magnificent in the opening and closing ceremonies.B) The pass of Olympic customs from generation to generation.C) It is the pass of the light of spirit.D) It is the pass of knowledge and life.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They are not allowed to use mobile phones at school.B) They are not allowed to use mobile phones at all.C) They are allowed to use mobile phones in class for messages.D) They are not allowed to use mobile phones every day.20. A) Education to students not to use mobile phones any more.B) Education to students the possible dangers of using mobile phones.C) The random security scanning.D) To ignore the phones if they don’t ring during the class.21. A) Both parents and children are against the mobile phone ban.B) Parents and the department of education agree with the mobile phone ban.C) We do not know now whether mobile phone ban can be worked out.D) We still need another 5 years of mobile phone ban.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) 5. B) 3. C) 8. D) 6.23. A) Inventors. B) Scientists.C) Health care providers. D) Activists, political and business leaders.24. A) To spread the knowledge on what is AIDS.B) To bring effective treatments to the world-wide people.C) To deliver the people’s awareness of the danger of AIDS.D) To deliver the main content of the meeting.25. A) Conference website is more economical than attending the meeting.B) Conference website is convenient than attending the meeting.C) Conference website is easier to be dealt with.D) Conference website helps the absent-for-meeting people know the information.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Friendship with oneself is all important, because without it one cannot be friends with anyoneelse in the world. We often (26) __________on building relationships with others that we forget the essential first step: being friends of ourselves. That is the (27)__________ first step if we are to have good relationships with others. How can we have good (28) ________with others if we don’t even have a good relationship with ourselves? The problem might be (29)__________ than we expec t. Maybe we don’t like ourselves without (30) __________it. Here is a simple checklist; is there anything you don’t like about yourself from these lists? Maybe you have made mistakes in the past which make you feel bad. You might be (31) __________with yourself on why you could make such mistakes. Even if that happened in the (32)__________ past, your subconscious mind still has a reason not to like yourself. You might wish that you were born in a different family, or that you have (33) __________. Maybe you could not accept the fact that you are not as lucky as others, who seem to get (34) __________they want effortlessly because of their background. Others might have better achievements than you, and no matter how hard you tried, it might seem impossible for you to match them. You might then think that it’s because you are (35) __________or don’t have enough talents. All these give reasons to you not to like yourself. That in turn makes it difficult for you to be a good friend to yourself.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Y ou may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.What (36) __________force drives us into the arms of one person, while pushing us away from another who might appear equally desirable to any unbiased observer?Of the many factors influencing our idea of the perfect (37) __________, one of the most telling, according to John Money, professor emeritus of medical psychology and pediatrics at Johns Hopkins University, is what he calls our “love map” — a group of messages encoded in our brains that describes our likes and dislikes. It shows our (38) __________in hair and eye color, in voice, smell, body build. It also records the kind of personality that (39) __________to us, whether it’s the warm and friendly type or the strong, silent type.In short, we fall for and pursue those people who most clearly (40)__________ our love map. And this love map is largely (41) __________in childhood. By age eight, the pattern for our (42)__________ mate has already begun to float around in our brains.When I lecture, I often ask couples in the audience what drew them to their dates or mates. Answers (43) __________from “She’s strong and independent” and “I go for redheads” to “I love his sense of humor” and “That crooked smile, that’s what did it.”I believe what they say. But I also know that if I were to ask those same men and women to describe their mothers, there would be many (44) __________between their ideal mates and their moms. Yes, our mothers — the first real love of our lives — write a (45) __________portion of our love map.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Make the Most of Y our VacationA) When many of us take a vacation, more than anything, we seek to relax. We spend long, lazy days on a beach chair or in a hammock and socialize the night away with rum drinks, fancy martinis, and indulgent desserts. Too often, we return home heavier and flabbier than we’ve been since, well, our last vacation.B) It doesn’t have to be this way.C) Active vacations are often the most relaxing of all. Wait! It’s all in defining what an active vacation is. We don’t expect you to take up jogging, backpacking, or hang gliding. Rather, we ask the sedentary vacationers among you to spend two to four hours a day doing things. Walking the city streets. Exploring a nature preserve. Going to a zoo. Biking along the ocean. Taking a leisurely rowboat ride.D) These kinds of activities aren’t just good for your physical health. They improve your mental health, even your spiritual health. And they make vacations memorable and worthwhile. And after all, isn’t that what you want from your vacation? Here are some fresh ideas to make your vacations as pleasurable as they are active and healthy.E) 1. Make morning time your activity time.Most likely the weather will be friendlier,yourenergy level higher, and your agenda emptier than later in the day.F) 2. Reacquaint yourself with sunrises and sunsets. A walk at dawn or dusk is rejuvenation defined. Try to make this a daily ritual of life away from home, and you will guarantee yourself both physical and spiritual replenishment (补给，补充).G) 3. Get into the water as much as you can.Don’t allow yourself to spend all your time sitting in front of the water. Whether it is the ocean, a swimming pool, or a tree-lined lake, make sure you get into the water for swimming or games or even walking. Heck, merely standing in waist-high water is a good workout, thanks to the action of the water. And you’ll feel so much more alive!H) 4. Get on the water as much as you can. Paddleboats are a blast. Canoeing is a joy. Rowboats are romantic. Powerboats exhilarating. Sailboats serene. Kayaks pure adventure. Inner tubes can erase 50 years from your attitude in a matter of minutes. Even standing at the rail of a steamboat is exciting. Boats make you feel young, and whether you are propelling them or not, they all burn calories and engage your muscles more than being on dry land.I) 5. Choose a cruise for your trip.It’s amazing how active you can be being stuck o n a boat in the middle of the Atlantic. Most cruise ships offer numerous options for seaworthy exercise. Most ships house pools, golf simulators, rock walls, basketball hoops, fitness centers, jogging and walking areas, and instructor-led fitness classes —and that’s just what’s on board. During your sea and land excursions you can burn calories as you snorkel, swim, hike, scuba dive, and horseback ride.J) 6. Get out of the car every two hours. Many of us spend a large chunk of our vacations on the road, either getting to and from our destinations, or using the car for sightseeing. But no matter how beautiful the scenery is, great, memorable vacations don’t happen in a car seat. Don’t wait for exhaustion or nature’s call to get you to pull over. Frequently get out and stretch, walk, picnic, shop, visit, and have fun. It’s important for your health and energy, and it makes traveling a lot more active and interesting.K) 7. Play active games.When most people think of outdoor games, they think of team sports like baseball, football, or volleyball, all of which can be both intimidating and excessively strenuous for grown-ups who stopped playing such things a long time back. So forget about the standard games. All types of fun outdoor games are available today. Start with the old-fashioned ones — badminton, shuffleboard, horseshoes, Wiffle ball, or bocce. Try some new ones too —they make great balls out of Nerf these days, and if you haven’t bought a squirt gun in a while, be prepared for today’s amazing supersoa kers. Plus all types of new paddle games are available that are easy and fun. Your goal: Play an outdoor game every day while on vacation.L) 8. Create a silly tournament. Particularly if there are kids on the vacation, it can be ahootto create your own mini-Olympics. For example, if you use the swimming pool every day, have a daily competition, such as holding your breath underwater, or swimming between people’s legs, or having a big splash contest. Or maybe a weeklong badminton competition. “Silly” is the operative word —don’t make it a serious competition, but just a chance to have active fun in which everyone participates.M) 9. Play miniature golf. You burn more calories sitting than lying, standing than sitting, and walking than standing. Although miniature golf won’t incinerate fat, it will burn more calories than lying in a hammock. Plus, your kids will have a great time. You probably will too.N) 10. Beware the food obsession.Let’s be honest: For many of us, vacations are about eating splurges. It’s fresh seafood by the ocean, amazing restaurants in great cities, unlimited breakfast buffets at the hotel, that ice cream/candy/cake/jambalaya that you remember as a child and come back for every few years. This is the stuff of great vacations, and do n’t deny yourself these pleasures. Our suggestion: Limit yourself to one food splurge a day. If you do more, the uniqueness and specialness of the splurges fade away. And you’ll spend too much time sitting in restaurants —and then sitting some more, recuperating from the overindulgence.O) 11. Explore on foot. Yes, you can use the concierge, the travel guides, the map, or the bus tours to get acquainted with a new location. But only by getting out and walking can you truly get the feel of a village, city, resort, or wilderness. We recommend that you plan to spend the first several hours at your vacation destination walking the area. If you are in a city, pick a few restaurants to try while you are walking and make your reservations in person. Be sure to locate the parks, museums, and shopping areas.P) 12. Fly a stunt kite.If there’s a good wind blowing at your destination, purchase a stunt kite and take it to the beach or other large open area. These kites can be easily assembled and then taken apart, makin g them perfect for traveling. You’ll give your upper body a great workout as you struggle to control the kite. You may also have to run or walk to keep the kite in the air — or chase it down once it plummets to the earth.Q) 13. Schedule an activity-based vacation. Ready to commit to even more action? Wrap your entire vacation around an activity, such as sailing, skiing, hiking, biking, or exploring. No expertise is necessary — just a willingness to take on a new challenge. Travel agents can hook you up with any number of vacation packages targeted from novice to expert, adolescent to senior, single or whole family. If you have children, look for packages that include excavating dinosaur bones and other anthropological expeditions, or that teach them a new sport. A ski vacation with lessons for different ages and ability levels works beautifully.46. Biking along the ocean can be included as an active vacation.47. Swimming and water games can be beneficial to human health.48. Don’t make your own mini-Olympics a serious competition, but just a chance to have activefun in which everyone participates.49. On vacations one should limit to one food splurge a day.50. Try to make a walk at dawn or dusk a daily ritual of life away from home.51. Outdoor games usually refer to team sports like baseball, football, or volleyball, all of whichcan be both intimidating and excessively strenuous for grown-ups who stopped playing such things a long time back.52. Boats make you feel young, and whether you are propelling them or not, they all burn caloriesand engage your muscles more than being on dry land.53. If you are in a city, pick a few restaurants to try while you are walking and you’re yourreservations in person.54. Morning is the best activity time because your energy level is higher in the morning.55. Travel agents can hook you up with any number of vacation packages targeted from novice toexpert, adolescent to senior, single or whole family.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Over 60 million persons in the United States own a credit card. For these millions of Americans a credit card brings freedom to them. It has had effect of increasing consumptionpossibilitiesfor households by allowing them to purchase thousands of dollars of merchandise, ranging from autos, clothing, to electrical appliances. The widespread use of credit card nowadays shocks the imagination to the point where one wonders whether the total amount of consumption spending each year would be the same if this plastic money were not around. Credit cards have also been of significant importance to the national economy. Businessmen have been encouraged to expand plant and equipment and hire additional personnel to meet the heavy demand for their products. The tendency of employment and income would rise significantly.Unfortunately, the ease with which buyers can increase their purchase with credit cards has caused them to overlook the additional costs. Purchase on credit cards are postponed payments. Buy-now-pay-later encourages buyers to use credit cards extensively. Since the buyer is in effect borrowing money for a special purpose, he must expect to pay an interest charge. Interest is the price of using money over a long period of time. A close analysis of the use for credit cards for heavy purchases will show that the buyer has added to the cost of making these purchases. It must also be kept in mind that unpaid monthly balances mean added interest charges. Furthermore, the use of credit cards will add to the cost of the product since the shopkeeper does not receive the money at the time of the purchases. Shopkeepers might add on the cost of handing credit cards to the bill. One of the arguments against the use of credit cards has been that those who do pay cash at purchase finance the use of a credit card by another person. This is so, the argument runs, because the price of a product will include the cost of another person’s use of a credit card.56. In the first paragraph, what does “plastic money” (Line 6, Para. 1) refer to?A) Dollars. B) Online payment. C) Credit cards. D) Coins.57. Which of the following is NOT true about credit cards?A) Shopkeepers, among others, object to the use of credit cards because they add on the costof the merchandise.B) Credit card holders actually pay for their shopping goods after the purchase has beencompleted.C) The national economy enjoys extensive growth because of the use of credit cards.D) It has had the effect of increasing consumption.58. What is the disadvantage of credit cards?A) It may lead to the overgrowth of the national economy.B) The delay in the payment of shopping goods may bring damage to shopkeepers’ profits.C) Some people may intentionally purchase goods that they cannot possibly afford.D) Those who pay by cash at the purchase will have to pay for the cost added to the product asthe interest charge of credit cards.59. What is the main topic of the text?A) Advantages and Disadvantages of Credit Cards.B) Economic Growth Backed up by the Use of Credit Cards.C) It can encourage great sums of consumption.D) Credit Cards Make Life Easier.60. The author’s attitude towards credit card is .A) agreeable B) neutral C) humorous D) oppositionalPassage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Lie detectors are widely used in the United States to find out whether a person is telling the truth or not. Polygraphers, the people who operate them, claim that they can establish guilt by detecting physiological changes that accompany emotional stress. The technique adopted is to ask leading questions such as, “Did you take the money?” or “Where did you hide the money?” mixed in with neutral questions, and measure the subject’s electrical resistance in the palm or changes in his breathing and heart rate. Such apparatus has obtained widespread recognition.Whether lie detectors will ever be adopted on a similar scale in Britain is still a matter of opinion. At first sight, it appears obvious that any simple, reliable methods of convicting guilty people is valuable, but recent research sponsored by the U.S. Office of Public Health not only raises doubts about how lie detectors should be used but also makes it questionable whether they should be employed at all.The point is that, apart from many of the polygraphers being unqualified, the tests themselves are by no means free from error, primarily because they discount human imagination and ingenuity. Think of all those perfectly innocent people, with nothing to be afraid of, who blush and stammer when a customs officer asks them if they have anything to declare. Fear, and a consequently heightened electrical response, may not be enough to establish guilt. It depends on whether the subject is afraid of being found out or afraid of being wrongfully convicted. On the other hand, the person who is really guilty and whose... or deliberately giving exaggerated responses to neutral ones!The success rate of up to 90% claimed for lie detectors is misleadingly attractive. If we refer such a figure to a company with 50 employees, twenty of whom are thieves, the lie detector could catch 18 of them but in doing so would place 32 innocent employees under suspicion. Theproblemfor the management would therefore become one of deciding how much industrial unrest they are prepared to cause in order to eliminate theft. What concerns research workers even more, of course, is the fact that a certain number of innocent people are bound to be convicted of crimes they have not committed.61. Lie detectors are widely used in the United States because .A) they can help detect people’s emotional stressB) they can help detect people’s physiological changesC) they can help find out whether a person is telling the truth or notD) they can measure the subjects’ electrical resistance62. According to the passage, we know that Britain .A) will adopt lie detectors widelyB) will adopt lie detectors on a smaller scaleC) adopt lie detectorsD) has not decided whether to adopt lie detectors or not63. “..., the tests themselves are by no means free from error,... ” (Line 2, Para. 3) means .A) the tests definitely have no errorB) the tests sometimes make mistakesC) the polygraphers do not make mistakesD) the polygraphers can avoid error by using some techniques64. Which of the following is true?A) The tests are conducted by qualified polygraphers.B) Innocent people may blush or stammer when questioned.C) Guilty people can definitely be found out by answer questions.D) Guilty people may escape by refusing to answer questions.65. What troubles lie detector researchers most is that .A) innocent people are convicted crimesB) innocent people will learn to tell liesC) lie detectors may cause industrial unrestsD) lie detectors are sometimes not dependablePart IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。