地质专业英语词汇大全
(完整版)地质工程专业常用英文词汇
1论述expound(explain), state河流river course引入introduce into河床river bed(channel)相应的corresponding冲沟gully, gulley, erosion gully, stream(brook)观点conception河漫滩floodplain(valley flat)概论overview阶地terrace概率probability冲积平原alluvial plain观点化conceptualize三角洲delta宏观的macroscopic古河流fossil river course, fossil stream channel增补complement冲积扇alluvial fan规划plan洪积扇diluvial fan证明demonstrate, certify, attest坡积裙talus apron证明confirmation分水岭divide赔偿compensate, make up, imburse盆地basin算法algorithm岩溶地貌karst land feature, karst landform鉴别式discriminant溶洞solution cave, karst cave有限元方法finite element method(FEM)落水洞sinkhole样本单元法sample element method(SEM)土洞Karstic earth cave赤平投影法stereographic projection method(SPM)赤平投影stereographic projection 2 地层岩性扰乱位移法interference displacement method(IDM)地层geostrome (stratum, strata)扰乱能量法interference energy method(IEM)岩性lithologic character, rock property条分法method of slices岩体rock mass极限均衡法limit equilibrium method岩层bed stratum界面元法boundary element method岩层layer, rock stratum模拟simulate母岩matrix, parent rock计算程序computer program相变facies change数值剖析numerical analysis硬质岩strong rock, film计算工作量calculation load软质岩weak rock解的独一性uniqueness of solution硬质的competent多层结构模型laminated model软质的incompetent非线性nonlinear基岩bedrock横观各向同性lateral isotropy岩组petrofabric各向同性isotropy覆盖层overburden各向异性anisotropy交织层理cross bedding非均质性heterogeneity层面bedding plane界限条件boundary condition片理schistosity本构方程constitutive equation层理bedding初始条件initial condition板理（叶理）foliation初始状态rest condition波痕ripple-mark岩土工程geotechnical engineering,泥痕mud crack土木匠程civil engineering雨痕raindrop imprints基础工程foundation engineering造岩矿物rock-forming minerals最不利滑面the most dangerous slip surface黏土矿物clay mineral交替alternate高岭土kaolinite控制论cybernetics蒙脱石montmorillonite大批现场检查mass field surveys伊利石illite组合式combined type云母mica互相作用interaction白云母muscovite稳固性评论stability evaluation黑云母biotite均质性homogeneity石英quartz介质medium长石feldspar层layer, stratum正长石orthoclase组构fabric斜长石plagioclase辉石pyroxene, picrite1 地形地貌geographic and geomorphic角闪石hornblende工程地质条件engineering geological conditions方解石calcite地形地貌条件geographic and geomorphic conditions结构structure地形land form结构texture地貌geomorphology, relief组构fabric(tissue)微地貌microrelief矿物构成mineral composition地貌单元landform unit, geomorphic unit结晶质crystalline坡度grade非晶质amorphous地形图relief map产状attitude河谷river valley火成岩igneous12岩浆岩magmatic rock粗粒coarse grain火山岩（熔岩） lava中粒medium-grained火山volcano堆积物sediment (deposit)侵入岩intrusive(invade) rock漂石、顽石boulder喷出岩effusive rock卵石cobble深成岩plutonic rock砾石gravel浅成岩pypabysal rock砂sand酸性岩acid rock粉土silt中性岩inter-mediate rock黏土clay基性岩basic rock粘粒clay grain超基性岩ultrabasic rock砂质黏土sandy clay岩基rock base (batholith)粘质砂土clayey sand岩脉（墙）dike壤土、亚黏土loam岩株rock stock砂壤土、亚砂土轻亚黏土sandy loam岩流rock flow浮土、表土regolith (topsoil)岩盖rock laccolith (laccolite)黄土loess岩盆rock lopolith红土laterite岩墙rock dike泥灰peat岩床rock sill软泥ooze岩脉vein dyke淤泥mire, oozed mud, sludge, warp clay花岗岩granite冲积物（层）alluvion斑岩porphyry冲积的alluvial玢岩porphyrite洪积物（层）proluvium, diluvium, diluvion流纹岩rhyolite洪积的diluvial正长岩syenite坡积物（层）deluvium粗面岩trachyte残积物（层）eluvium闪长岩diorite残积的eluvial安山岩andesite风积物（层）eolian deposits辉长岩gabbro湖积物（层）lake deposits玄武岩basalt海积物（层）marine deposits细晶岩aplite冰川堆积物（层） glacier (drift)deposits伟晶岩pegmatite崩积物（层）colluvial deposits, colluvium煌斑岩lamprophyre残积黏土residual clay辉绿岩diabase变质岩metamorphic rock橄榄岩dunite板岩slate黑曜岩obsidian千枚岩phyllite浮岩pumice片岩schist火山角砾岩vulcanic breccia片麻岩gneiss火山集块岩volcanic agglomerate石英岩quartzite凝灰岩tuff大理岩marble堆积岩sedimentary rock糜棱岩mylonite碎屑岩clastic rock混淆岩migmatite黏土岩clay rock碎裂岩cataclasite粉砂质黏土岩silty claystone化学岩chemical rock 3 地质结构生物岩biolith地质结构geologic structure砾岩conglomerate结构结构structural texture角砾岩breccia大地结构geotectonic砂岩sandstone结构运动tectogenesis石英砂岩quartz sandstone造山运动orogeny粉砂岩siltstone起落运动vertical movement钙质粉砂岩calcareous siltstone水平运动horizontal movement泥岩mudstone完好性perfection(integrity)页岩shale起伏度waviness盐岩saline尺寸效应size effect石灰岩limestone围压效应confining pressure effect白云岩dolomite产状因素elements of attitude泥灰岩marl产状attitude, orientation泥钙岩argillo-calcareous走向strike泥砂岩argillo-arenaceous偏向dip砂质arenaceous倾角dip angle, angle of dip泥质argillaceous褶皱fold硅质的siliceous褶曲fold有机质organic matter单斜monocline2向斜syncline破裂crumble背斜anticline共轭节理conjugated joint穹隆dome散状loose挤压squeeze透镜状的lens-shaped a.上盘upper section岩石碎片crag下盘bottom wall, footwall, lower wall岩屑cuttings, debris断距separation薄膜membrane, film订交intersect层理stratification断层fault高角度high dip angle正断层normal fault缓倾角low dip angle逆断层reversed fault反倾anti-dip平移断层parallel fault互层interbed v.层理bedding, stratification Interbedding n.微层理light stratification起伏的unplanar地堑graben波状起伏的undulate, undulating地垒horst, fault ridge粒径particle size断层泥gouge, pug, selvage, fault gouge结构层tectonosphere擦痕stria, striation挤压compression断裂fracture均一的homogeneous破裂带fracture zone剪切错动面shear faulted, bedding zone节理joint切割dissection节理组joint set切割的dissected裂隙fissure, crack致密close, compact微裂隙fine fissure, microscopic fissure结构岩tectonite劈理cleavage糜棱岩mylonite原生裂隙original joint断层角砾岩fault breccia次生裂隙epigenetic joint方解石脉calcite vein张裂隙tension joint碎块岩clastic rock剪裂隙shear joint角砾breccia卸荷裂隙relief crack岩粉rock powder裂隙率fracture porosity岩屑debris, debry结构种类structural pattern固结consolidation岩体结构rock mass structure定向摆列oriented spread岩块block mass结构应力tectonic stress结构体structural element剩余应力residual stress块度blockness结构面structural plane 4 水文地质条件hydrogeological conditions脆弱结构面weak plane水文循环hydrologic cycle临空面free face大气圈atmosphere碎裂结构cataclastic texture水圈hydrosphere板状结构platy structure岩石圈geosphere薄板状lamellose地表径流surface runoff块状的lumpy, massive地下径流subsurface runoff层状的laminated流域valley, drainage basin巨厚层giant thick-laminated流域面积drainage area, river basin area 薄层状的finely laminated汇水面积catchment area脆弱夹层weak intercalated layer地下水ground water, subsurface water 夹层inter bedding,地表水surface water intercalated bed, interlayer, intermediate layer大气水atmospheric water夹泥层clayey intercalation气态水aqueous (vapour) water夹泥inter-clay液态水liquid water连通性connectivity固态水solid water切层insequent上层滞水perched water影响带affecting zone潜水phreatic water完好性integrity n.承压水confined waterIntegrate v. & a.吸着水hygroscopic (adsorptive) waterdegree of integrality介质medium破裂crumble缝隙void胶结cement孔隙水压力pore water pressure泥化argillization浸透压力osmotic pressure, seepage force 尖灭taper-out扬压力uplift pressure错动diastrophism静水压力hydrostatic pressure错动层面faulted bedding plane外静水压力external hydrostatic pressure断续的intermittent动水压力hydrodynamic pressure3浸透力seepage pressure安全系数factor of safety外水压力external water pressure埋深embedment depth内水压力internal water pressure试件coupons水力联系hydraulic interrelation挠度deflection水力折减系数hydraulic reduction coefficient里氏震级Richter scale水头损失water head loss设计烈度design intensity浸透门路filtration path, seepage path基本烈度basic intensity浸透系数penetration coefficient场所烈度site intensity潜水位water table level地震烈度seismic intensity, intensity scale水位water level, stage level优秀周期predominant period水头water head持力层sustained yield含水层aquifer超载surcharge弱含水层（弱透水层）aquitard围岩压力surrounding rock stress滞水层aquiclude附带压力superimposed stress透水层permeable layer, pervious layer应力废弛stress relaxation不透水层（隔水层）aquifuge, impervious layer,应力路迳stress pathimpermeable layer, aquiclude卸荷unload潜水含水层phreatic aquifer浸透率specific permeability承压含水层confined aquifer, artesian aquifer饱和度degree of saturation承压面bearing surface含水量moisture content潜水面phreatic surface, water table均匀粒径mean diameter浸润线phreatic curve颗粒grain, granule, particle不透水界限impervious boundary颗粒级配distribution of grain-size,地下分水岭groundwater ridge grain composition, size distribution粘滞性viscosity级配graduation,富水性abundance grain-size distribution, gradation, grading透水性（浸透性） permeability粒度coarseness grain size, granularity, lump 淋滤（溶滤作用） lixiviation, leaching不均匀系数coefficient of non-uniformity,反滤层inverted gravel filter variation coefficient, variation factor水锈incrustation颗粒分级gradation, size grading渗滴seep孔隙水pore water饱和saturation, saturated孔隙比void ratio (ration)潜水位变化带zone of variable phreatic level缝隙率air voids气象因素meteorological factor孔隙率porosity饱水带zone of saturation裂隙率crackity包气带aeration zone, zone of aeration溶隙率karstity包气带水aeration zone water密度density上层滞水perched water重度unit weight, bulk weight孔隙水pore water浮重度buoyant unit weight裂隙水fissure water折减系数reduction factor岩溶水karstic water压力消失dissipation of pressure联合水bound water, combined water抗力系数coefficient of resistance吸着水hydroscopic water融化系数softening coefficient薄膜水pellicular water含水量water content毛细水capillary water稠度consistency重力水gravitational water塑限plastic limit凝固水condensation water液限liquid limit地下水埋藏条件 condition of groundwater occurrence塑性指数plasticity index地下水埋藏深度 depth of groundwater occurrence液性指数liquidity index压水试验packer permeability test流变rheological抽水试验pumping test蠕变creep塑性plastic5 物理力学性质脆性brittleness(fragility)物理力学physical mechanics n.粘性sticknessPhysico-mechanicala.刚性rigidity折服准则yield criteria弹性的elastic米赛斯折服准则 Von Mises yield criteria粘弹性viso-elasticity朗肯土压力理论 Ranking’s earth pressure theory弹塑性elasto-plasticity剑桥模型Cambridge model, Cam-model压缩性compressibility邓肯 -张模型Duncan-chang model均质性homogeneity本构方程constitutive equation非均质性nonhomogeneity (heterogeneity)局部剪切损坏local shear failure各向同性isotropy整体剪切损坏general shear failure各向异性anisotropy岩体完好性指数 intactness index of rock mass总应力total stress4有效应力effective stress岩石抗力系数coefficient of rock resistance超孔隙水压力excess pore pressure允许承载力allowable bearing capacity孔隙水压力pore water pressure临塑压力critical pressure抗压强度compressive strength接触压力contact pressure抗拉强度tensile strength抗剪强度shear strength 6 工程地责问题不排水抗剪强度 undrained shear strenght工程地责问题engineering geological problem峰值抗剪强度peak share strength定性评论qualitative estimate长久抗剪强度long-term shear strength定量评论quantitative estimate剩余抗剪强度residual shear strength极限均衡法limit equilibrium method负摩擦力negative skin friction, dragdown不良地质现象unfavorable geological condition摩擦角angle of friction风化weathering内摩擦角angle of internal friction变形deformation外摩擦角angle of external friction位移displacement内聚力cohesion不均匀位移differential movement粘聚力cohesion相对位移relative displacement假凝集力pseudo-cohesion沉陷settlement粘着力adhesion山崩avalanche, toppling摩尔圆Mohr’s circle倒塌toppling, toppling collapse包络线envelope滑坡、地滑creep, slide休止角angle of repose,切层滑坡insequent landslide angle of friction(repose, rest), repose angle深层滑坡deep slide峰值peak浅层滑坡shallow slide模量modulus顺层滑坡consequent landslide弹性模量modulus of elasticity ，滑动面Young ’ s modulus, elastic modulus sliding surface, sliding plane, slip surface压缩模量modulus of compressibility滑动带sliding zone变形模量modulus of deformation滑床slide bed卸荷模量unloading modulus滑坡体slide(sliding) mass切线模量tangent modulus古滑坡fossil landslide剪切模量shear modulus推移式滑坡slumping slide割线模量secant modulus牵引式滑坡retrogressive slide旁压模量pressurmeter modulus管涌piping, internal erosion泊松比poisson ’s ration渗漏leakage固结consolidation流砂quicksand固结系数coefficient of consolidation渗流seepage固结度degree of consolidation液化liquefaction超固结比over consolidation ration应变strain7 工程勘探 engineering investigation压缩比compressibility ratio工程地质勘探engineering geology investigation 压缩系数coefficient of compressibility岩土工程勘探geotechnical investigation压缩指数compression index工程地质条件engineering geological condition 初始曲线virgin curve工程地质评论engineering geological evaluation 正常固结土normally consolidated soil勘察survey欠固结土under-consolidated soil岩芯采纳率 core recovery, core extraction超固结土over-consolidated soil岩芯获取率被动土压力passive earth pressure RQD （岩石质量指标） rock quality designation主动土压力active earth pressure程序（步骤）procedure静止土压力 earth pressure at rest勘探阶段investigational stage覆盖压力overburden pressure选点踏勘reconnaissance初始应力initial stress初步设计primary design地应力场ground(geostatic) stress field初步规划preliminary scheme有效应力effective stress初步勘探preliminary prospecting动应力dynamic stress初步踏勘ground reconnaissance动荷载dynamic load可行性研究阶段feasibility stage偏爱荷载eccentric loads初步设计阶段preliminary stage循环荷载inclined loads施工阶段construction sage地应力ground stress, geostatic stress踏勘reconnaissance, inspection初始应力initial stress地质测绘geological survey应力场stress field工程地质测绘engineering geological mapping 纵波longitudinal wave钻探borehole operation, boring液化势liquefaction potential物探geophysical exploration液化指数liquefaction index洞探exploratory adits交角angular钎探rod sounding5钻杆drill rod 坑探exploring mining槽探trenching天然建材检查natural materials surveying (examination)岩土工程勘探报告geotechnical investigation report判定identification, appraisal判定书expertise report判定人identifier, surveyor校核verification总监chief inspector比率proportion地形图geographic map地貌图geomorphological map地质图geological map工程地质图 engineering geological map 实测地质剖面图field-acquired geological profile(section)结构地质图 geological structure map第四纪地质图quarternary geological map地质详图detail map of geology地质柱状图 geologic columnar section, geologic log 钻孔柱状图 logs of bore hole纵剖面图longitudinal section横剖面图cross section展现图reveal detail map节理玫瑰图rose of joints基岩等高线bed rock contour层底等高线contour of stratum bottom岩层界限strata boundary岩面高程elevation of bed rock surface坐标coordinate分层bed separation地质点geological observation point勘探点exploratory point (spot)勘探线exploratory line勘探孔exploration hole平洞adit竖井riser, shaft, vertical shaft探槽exploratory trench探井exploratory pit钻孔borehole, drill hole机钻孔ordinary drill hole套钻孔sleeve drill hole管钻孔pipe drill hole岩芯core岩芯钻探core drilling展转钻探（进）rotary drilling冲击钻探churn drilling, percussion drilling钢砂钻探shot drilling铁砂钻进iron shot drilling跟管钻进follow-down drilling振动钻进vibro-boring, vibro-drilling泥浆钻探mud flush drilling金刚石钻进diamond drilling单动式single acting双层double layer空气钻探air flush drilling钻机drilling rig钻头drill bit, drilling bit螺旋钻头auger勺钻spoon bit冲击钻头percussion bit, chopping bit桶式钻头bucket auger6套管casing岩芯管core barrel冲刷掖flush fluid正循环冲刷direct circulation反循环冲刷reverse circulation泥浆mud, slurry泥皮mud cake护壁dado止水seal, water seal扫孔cleaning bottom of hole钻进drilling平硐adit竖井shaft钻探drilling boring8工程地质试验击实试验compaction test压缩试验compression test固结试验consolidation test单轴试验uniaxial compression test现场剪切试验in-situ shear test单剪试验simple shear test直剪试验direct shear test慢剪试验slow test单剪试验simple shear test快剪试验quick test三轴剪切试验triaxial shear test三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test动三轴试验dynamic triaxial test不固结不排水剪试验unconsolidated undrained test(quick test)固结不排水剪试验consolidated undrained test(consolidated quick test)固结排水试验consolidated drained test(slow test)原位测试in-situ test现场监测on-site(in-site) monitoring现场检测on-site (in-site) inspection观察孔observation borehole静力触探试验cone penetration test,static penetration test, static cone test 标贯试验standard penetration test十字板剪切试验vane shear test, vane test检层法up-hole method, borehole method旁压试验pressuremeter test动力触探试验dynamic penetration test, dynamic sounding 点荷载试验point load test岩石试验rock test应力排除法stress relief method应力恢复法stress recovery method套孔法over-coring method9 岩土体加固breast, driving face,掌子面heading face, tunnel face顶拱vault底拱invert洞室开挖excavation超挖overbreak风钻pneumatic drill开挖断面excavated section塌落slump细骨料混凝土concrete made with fine aggregate 细骨料fine aggregate, fine adjustment67料场stock ground冻结法freezing method土料earth material超载over break矿渣cinder, mineral water residue, scoria, slag衬砌lining性能function, performance, property, nature围堰cofferdam凝固coagulate, congeal, congealment, coagulation堤dike合格qualified, on test, up to standard近坝岸坡abutments初凝initial set施工（缩短）缝 construction joint初凝时间initial setting time心墙core终凝final set截水墙cutoff wall配合比mix proportion防渗墙diaphragm wall塌落度slump排水井drainage wells水化热heat of hydration,排水幕drainage curtainhydration heat, setting heat减压井relief wells水灰比water-cement ratio反滤层filter zone粉煤灰fly ash灌浆资料grout梅花状quincuncial pattern水力劈裂hydraulic fracturing发射shotcrete帷幔线curtain line浇注pouring上游围堰upstream cofferdam钢筋网coiremesh混凝土防渗墙concrete cutoff wall加固reinforce截流interim completion锚杆anchored bar, rock bolt导水墙channel training wall锚索anchored cable正常溢洪道渠首工程service spillway headwork锚紧端anchor station消力塘lined plunge pool锚桩anchored peg隔墙divider walls采石场rock quarry混凝土护坦concrete apron开挖excavation副厂房auxiliary power house清基cleanup foundation闸门室gate chamber明挖open-cut中闸室mid gate chamber爆破explosion开关站switch yard光面爆破smooth blasting电梯井elevator shaft预裂法presplitting尾沟渠tail race特别溢洪道emergency spillway10水工概论坝址toe of dam11 桥梁及基础工程坝踵heel江阴大桥Jiangyin Bridge坝段monolith悬索桥suspension bridge坝顶crest锚碇anchorage坝肩shoulders重力式嵌岩锚gravity socketed anchorage左坝肩left dam abutment北锚碇前（后）锚面副坝saddle dam front(back) surface of northern anchorage三坝址the third dam site塔墩tower标高height mark墩pier上游水位headwater散索鞍splay saddle正常库水位normal reservoir level猫道footbridge地下洞室underground opening (tunnel)主缆main cable压力隧洞pressure tunnel索股cable strand无压隧洞gravity tunnel主鞍main saddle, tower saddle交通洞access tunnel主跨main span灌浆洞grouting tunnel边跨side span明流洞free-flow tunnel引桥approach孔板洞orifice tunnel钢箱梁steel box main girder排砂洞sediment tunnel埋深embedment depth尾水洞tailrace tunnel北塔墩基础north tower base排水洞drainage tunnel基础foundation, footing导流洞diversion tunnel浅基础shallow foundation地道tunnel深基础deep foundation围岩surrounding rock, ambient rock联合基础combined footing围岩应力secondary stress static筏形基础raft(mat) foundation应力集中stress concentrate钢模steel form覆盖层over burden桩pile冒顶cave in, roof fall基桩foundation pile底鼓bottom heave群桩pile groups回弹rebound桩基础pile foundation岩爆rock burst桩承台pile cap78高桩承台high-rise pile cap12 监测仪器低桩承台buried pile cap观察孔observation bore/hole摩擦桩friction pile仪器观察instrumentation端承桩end bearing pile读数装置readout device嵌岩桩socketed pile传感器transducer板桩sheet pile探头probe旋喷桩jet-grouted pile压力盒pressure cell灌输桩cast-in-place pile振弦式应变计vibrating wire strain gauge沉管灌输桩driven cast-in-place pile伸长计、变位计extension meter支护桩soldier piles, tangent piles板式沉降仪foundation base/pate刚性桩rigid pile测斜仪inclinometer柔性桩flexible pile测压计，渗压计piezometer侧向受荷桩laterally loaded pile垂线plumb轴向受荷桩axially loaded pile垂直度plumbness预制桩precast concrete pile振动打桩vibratory pile driving13 安全监控振动钻进vibratory drilling靠谱性检查reliability checking沉箱caisson监控模型monitoring and prediction model沉井（沉箱）(open) caisson监测monitoring地下连续墙diaphragm wall, slurry wall资料datum, data支撑bracing靠谱性reliability超载surcharge稳固性stability接触应力contact pressure安全safety井点降水well-point dewatering评估evaluation, appraise桩极限承载力ultimate bearing capacity of pile评定assessment, assess, rate承载力bearing capacity评论准则criterion阻力resistance灾祸hazard, calamity桩端阻力end resistance确立性方法论Deterministic methodology表面摩擦力skin friction应急行动计划EAP(emergency action plan)粘着系数adhesion factor事故accident负摩擦力negative skin friction紧迫状态emergency安全系数factor of safety紧迫检查emergency inspection压缩层compressed layer灾情等级hazard classification附带应力additional stress, superimposed stress灾祸评论hazard evaluation持力层bearing layer, sustaining layer风险评估risk assessment地基土foundation soil, subsoil临塑压力critical pressure静力（ Static Analysis ）剪切损坏shear failure动力（ Dynamic Analysis ）地基无效foundation failure蠕变（ Creep Material Model ）冲剪损坏punching failure渗流（ Fluid-mechanical Interaction）渐进损坏progressive failure热力学（ Thermal Option ）允许荷载allowable load headward erosion 溯源侵害极限承载力ultimate bearing capacity scouring of levee or bank 淘刷沉降settlement strongly weathered siliceous rock mass with quasi-lamellar沉降差differential settlement weakly weathered siliceous rock mass with quasi-lamellar尾部倾斜angular distortion of continually aftershocks of7 or 8-degree intensity 倾斜tilting坑底隆起bottom heave静止土压力earth pressure at rest稳固数stability number Evidently显然的路堤embankment Correspondingly adv. 相应地 ;有关地 ; 同样地地基办理ground treatment soil improvement the hanging wall of triggering seismic fault垫层cushion oblique~bedding bank slope加固stabilization注浆injection灌浆guniting帷幕curtain挡土墙retaining wall锚固anchoring喷浆guniting锚杆earth anchor盲沟French drain专业外语(为方便记忆 ,跟上边稍有重复 )振冲法vibro jet一．综合类81. geotechnical engineering 岩土工程2. foundation engineering 基础工程3. soil, earth 土4.soil mechanics 土力学cyclic loading 周期荷载 unloading 卸载 reloading 再加载viscoelastic found 粘弹性 地基viscous damping 粘滞阻尼 shear modulus 剪切模量5. soil dynamics 土动力学6.stress path 应力路径二． 土的分类1. residual soil 残积土groundwater level地下水位2. groundwater 地下水groundwatertable 地下水位3. clay minerals 黏土矿物4. secondary minerals 次生矿物5. landslides 滑坡6. bore hole columnar section 钻孔柱状图7. engineering geologic investigation 工程地质勘探8. boulder 漂石9. cobble 卵石10. gravel 砂石11. gravelly sand 砾砂12. coarse sand 粗砂13. medium sand 中砂14. fine sand 细砂15. silty sand 粉土16. clayey soil 粘性土17. clay 黏土18. silty clay 粉质黏土19. silt 粉土20. sandy silt 砂质粉土21. clayey silt 粘质粉土22. saturated soil 饱和土23. unsaturated soil 非饱和土24. fill (soil) 填土三． 土的基本物理力学性质1. c c Compression index2. c u undrained shear strength3. c u /p 0 ratio of undrained strength c u to effectiveoverburden stress p 0(c u /p 0)NC ,(c u /p 0)oc subscripts NC and OC designatednormally consolidated and overconsolidated, respectivelycohesive strength from vane test natural void ratio plasticity indexcoefficientof “ at-rest ” pressure ,for total stresses σ1and σ 28. K 0’do main for effective stresses σ 1σ2’‘and 9. K 0nK 0 for normally consolidated state 10. K 0uK 0 coefficient under rapid continuous loading ,simulatinginstantaneous loading or an undrained condition 11.K 0d K 0 coefficient under cyclicloading (frequency less than 1 Hz),as a912. pseudo-dynamic test for K 0 coefficientandk , k vpermeability in horizontalhvertical directions, respectively 13.N blow count ,standard penetrationtest 14. OCR over-consolidation ratio 15. p c preconsolidation pressure ,from 16.oedemeter test effective overburden pressurep17. p s specific cone penetration18. resistance ,from static cone testqunconfined compressive strengthu19. U,U m degree ofconsolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen 20. u ,u b ,u m pore pressure, subscripts b and mdenote bottom of specimen and mean value,21. respectively natural water content, liquid andwwL wp22. plastic limits, respectively‘and σ ’σ ,σ 2principal stresses, σ112denote effective principal stresses四．浸透性和渗流1. Darcy ’ s law 达西定律2. piping 管涌3. flowing soil 流土4. sand boiling 砂沸5. flow net 流网6. seepage 浸透（流）7. leakage 渗流8. seepage (force) pressure 浸透压力9. permeability 浸透性10. hydraulic gradient 水力梯度11.coefficient of permeability 浸透系数五 ．地基应力和变形1. soft soil 软土2. (negative) skin friction of driven pile 打入桩（负）摩阻力 3. effective stress 有效应力 total stress 总应力 4. field vane shear strength 十字板抗剪强度5. low activity 低活性6. sensitivity 敏捷度7. triaxial test 三轴试验8. foundation design 基础设计9. recompaction 再压缩10. bearing capacity 承载力11. soil mass 土体12. contact pressure 接触应力13. concentrated load 集中荷载14. a semi-infinite elastic solid 半无穷弹性体15. homogeneous 均质16. isotropic 各向同性17. strip footing 条基18. square spread footing 方形独立基础19. underlying soil (stratum ,strata) 下卧层（土）20. dead load =sustained load 恒载 连续荷载21. live load 活载22. short –term transient load 短期刹时荷载23. long-term transient load 长久荷载24. reduced load 折算荷载25. settlement 沉降 deformation 变形26. casing 套管27. dike=dyke 堤（防）28. clay fraction 粘粒粒组94. c vane5. e 06. I p7. K 01029.physical properties 物理性质10.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile 单桩横向30.subgrade路基极限承载力31.well-graded soil 级配优秀土11.static load test of pile单桩竖向静荷载试验32.poorly-graded soil 级配不良土12.vertical allowable load capacity 单桩竖向允许承33.sieve 筛子载力34.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition 摩尔 -库仑损坏13.low pile cap 低桩承台条件14.high-rise pile cap 高桩承台35.FEM=finite element method有限元法15.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile单36.limit equilibrium method 极限均衡法桩抗拔极限承载力37.pore water pressure 孔隙水压力16.silent piling 静力压桩38.preconsolidation pressure 先期固结压力17.uplift pile 抗拔桩39.modulus of compressibility压缩模量18.anti-slide pile 抗滑桩40.coefficent of compressibility压缩系数19.pile groups 群桩pression index 压缩指数20.efficiency factor of pile groups 群桩效率系数42.swelling index 回弹指数（η）43.geostatic stress自重应力21.efficiency of pile groups群桩效应44.additional stress 附带应力22.dynamic pile testing 桩基动测技术45.total stress 总应力23.final set 最后贯入度46.final settlement 最后沉降24.dynamic load test of pile桩动荷载试验47.slip line 滑动线25.pile integrity test 桩的完好性试验六．基坑开挖与降水26.pile head=butt 桩头1.excavation 开挖（挖方）27.pile tip=pile point=pile toe桩端（头）2.dewatering （基坑）降水28.pile spacing 桩距3.failure of foundation 基坑失稳29.pile plan 桩位部署图4.bracing of foundation pit 基坑围护30.arrangement of piles =pile layout桩的部署5.bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起31.group action 群桩作用6.retaining wall 挡土墙32.end bearing=tip resistance 桩端阻7.pore-pressure distribution 孔压散布33.skin(side) friction=shaft resistance桩侧阻8.dewatering method 降低地下水位法34.pile cushion 桩垫9.well point system 井点系统（轻型）35.pile driving(by vibration)打桩（振动）10.deep well point 深井点36.pile pulling test 拔桩试验11.vacuum well point 真空井点37.pile shoe 桩靴12.braced cuts 支撑围护38.pile noise 打桩噪音braced excavation 支撑开挖39.pile rig 打桩机braced sheeting 支撑挡板八．地基办理（ ground treatment）七．深基础deep foundation 1.technical code for ground treatment of building建1.pile foundation 桩基础筑地基办理技术规范1)cast –in-place 灌输桩 2.cushion 垫层法注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile 沉管灌 3.preloading 预压法4.dynamic compaction 强夯法bored pile 钻孔桩 5.dynamic compaction replacement 强夯置换法异型灌输桩special-shaped cast-in-place pile 机控 6.vibroflotation method振冲法7.sand-gravel pile 砂石桩piles set into rock 嵌岩灌输桩pile-stone column 砂石桩rammed bulb pile夯扩桩8.cement-flyash-gravel pile(CFG) 水泥粉煤灰碎石2)belled pier foundation钻孔墩基础桩drilled-pier foundation 钻孔扩底墩9.cement mixing method水泥土搅拌桩under-reamed bored pier10.cement column 水泥桩3)precast concrete pile 预制混凝土桩11.lime pile (lime column)石灰桩4)steel pile 钢桩12.jet grouting 高压发射注浆法steel pipe pile 钢管桩13.rammed-cement-soil pile夯实水泥土桩法steel sheet pile 钢板桩14.lime-soil compaction pile灰土挤密桩5)prestressed concrete pile 预应力混凝土桩lime-soil compacted column 灰土挤密桩prestressed concrete pipe pile 预应力混凝土lime soil pile 灰土挤密桩管桩15.chemical stabilization化学加固法2.caisson foundation 沉井（箱）16.surface compaction表层压实法3.diaphragm wall 地下连续墙截水墙17.surcharge preloading 超载预压法4.friction pile 摩擦桩vacuum preloading 真空预压法end-bearing pile 端承桩18.sand wick 袋装砂井5.(pile)shaft 桩身19.geofabric ,geotextile 土工织物6.wave equation analysis 颠簸方程剖析posite foundation复合地基7.pile caps 承台（桩帽）21.reinforcement method 加筋法8.bearing capacity of single pile 单桩承载力22.dewatering method 降低地下水固结法teral pile load test 单桩横向载荷试验23.freezing and heating 冷热办理法。
地质学英语术语
地质学英语术语ZT变质圈metamorphic aureole变质闪长岩deuterodiorite变质沉积物metasediments变质沉积岩带dejective zone变质水方硼石metahydroboracite变质水分metamorphic water变质水高稜土metahalloysite变质水铁矾metahohmannite变质碎屑喷出岩类porodite变质无烟煤meta-anthracite变质相metamorphic facies变质岩metamorphic rocks变质页岩metashale变质原岩palosome变质组构metamorphic fabric变质作用metamorphism变种；突变mutation变转珠被的campylotropous标本hand specimen标示矿物typomorphic minerals标型矿物；主导矿物guide mineral标轴面coordinate plane标準变晶normal twinning标準材料type material标準层index bed标準大气standard atmosphere标準大气压standard atmospheric pressure 标準带index zone标準的normative标準地层学orthostratigraphy标準地点type locality标準化石index fossil标準化石leading fossil标準化石type fossil标準化石；主导化石guide fossil标準矿物normative mineral(C.I.P.W.)标準矿物standard minerals标準面index plane标準偏差图standard deviation map标準剖面type section标準时fiducial time标準时standard time标準钻机standard rig表壁〔珊瑚〕epitheca(in coral)表层滑动dermal gliding表层侵蚀sheet erosion表层碎屑的epiclastic表层碎屑岩epiclastic rocks表流drift current表流；逕流surface flow表流；片流sheet flood表面的superficial表面动物群epifauna表面鮞石superficial oolith(or oolite)表面硬化作用case-hardening表面张力surface tension表皮epidermis表皮；角质ctuicle表磧surface moraine表生矿床；地面矿床superficial deposit表土surface soil表土蠕动；土滑soil creep錶珊瑚Hapsiphyllum鳖Trionyx别珊瑚Heterophyllia别羊齿Alloiopteris滨〔海滨；湖滨〕shore滨冰shore ice滨螺Littorina滨漂积；海滨漂积物shore drift滨坡面shore face滨坡臺地shore-face terrace(wave-built terrace) 滨墙shore wall滨沙丘shore dune滨臺地shore terrace滨外；岸外offshore滨夕法尼纪〔系〕〔石炭纪〕Pennsylvanian 滨线循环shoreline cycle滨崖shore cliff濒海湖；沿岸湖coastal lake冰ice冰坝湖ice dam lake冰堡ice rampart冰堡；冰岸barrier ice冰被ice carapace冰崩glacier avalanche冰崩ice avalanche冰崩解作用ice distintegration冰壁ice wall冰壁沟rinnental冰饼ice cake冰波ice wave冰擦痕glacial stria冰擦痕glacial striation冰擦痕；冰川擦痕glacial striae冰擦石面；冰蚀岩面glacial pavement冰擦岩glaciated rock冰擦作用scoring冰槽肩alp冰层ice layer冰层ice sheet冰长石adular冰长石adularia冰长石valencianite冰长石化作用adularization冰成的glacigenous冰成的glacionatant冰成湖；冰川湖glacial lake冰成湖；冰斗湖tarn冰成阶地；冰川阶地glacial terrace冰成平原glacial plain冰成岩glacial rock冰川glacier冰川冰glacial ice冰川冰glacier ice冰川槽glacial trough冰川带glacier bands冰川的glacial冰川堤glacial leave冰川地质学glacial geology冰川氾滥glacier flood冰川粉砂glacier silt冰川风glacier wind冰川谷glacial valley (galical-carved valley) 冰川洪水outburst冰川后退；冰退glacial recession冰川极盛期；最大冰河期glacial maximum 冰川坚坑moulin(in glacier)冰川角阶confluence step冰川阶地cascade stairway冰川界限glacial boundary冰川静力均衡；冰河地壳均衡glacio-isostacy冰川控制说glacial control theory冰川连流streaming flow冰川裂隙crevasses of glacier冰川末缘terminus冰川内的intraglacial冰川泥glacier mud冰川甌穴moulin potholes(Glaual potholes)冰川甌穴moulin(glacial pothole)冰川甌穴；冰洞；冰河堊穴glacial pothole(chimney moulin) 冰川盆地glacial basin冰川侵蚀作用glarosion冰川舌glacial lobe冰川沉积glaposition冰川沉积平原outwash plain冰川沉积扇outwash fan冰川石流；石冰川rock glacier(rock stpeam)冰川碎屑层dirt band冰川外缘的proglacial冰川污线带ogive冰川线glacier line冰川相glacial facies冰川削平〔作用〕冰河平夷〔作用〕glacial planation冰川穴glacial mill冰川穴glacier well冰川学glaciology冰川学说；冰川说glacial theory冰川循环；冰蚀轮迥glacial cycle冰川支流inset ice stream冰川作用glaciation冰川作用glacierization冰垂ice lobe冰带ice band冰岛ice island冰地蜡dinite冰点freezing point冰洞ice cavern冰冻线frost line冰斗cirque(corrie;cwm;Kar)冰斗kar冰斗；山侧穴cwm冰斗冰川corrie glacier冰斗冰川cwm glacier冰斗冰川；〔冰〕斗冰川cirque glacier冰斗底cirque floor冰斗湖cirque lake冰斗阶地cirque step冰斗阶梯cirque stairway冰斗切刻cirque cutting冰斗侵蚀cirque erosion冰斗群karling冰斗台cirque platform冰堵盆地ice barrier basin冰多角地形frost polygons冰筏作用ice rafting冰方锥ice pyramid冰粉cryoconite冰粉kryoconite冰风化作用；冻裂作用frost weathering 冰峰serac冰浮块ice float;ice floe冰釜ice cauldron冰盖ice cap冰盖层glacial sheet冰高原ice plateau冰沟dorr冰沟湖fosse lake冰谷河道ice-walled channel"冰谷横阶" riegel冰谷阶地glacial staircase"冰谷阶梯" giant stairway冰谷棚alb冰刮痕glacial markings冰刮痕glacial scratches冰海的glaciomarine冰海崖ice blink冰河ice river冰河床；冰川床glacier bed冰河气候循环cycle of glaciation冰河舌glacier bulb冰河时期cryogenic period冰河系glacial drainage冰河学cryology冰河增水作用alimentation冰痕ice mark冰洪流glacier burst冰湖ice lake冰湖；冰栅ballycadder;bellicatter;cadder;catter;ice foot 冰湖的glaciolacustrine冰花ice flowers冰积层drift bed冰积露头图drift map冰积土glacial soil(glacial deposit)冰积物drift冰积物glacial debris冰极ice pole冰接触地形ice-contact forms冰接平原；冰积阜平原ice contact plain冰接坡ice contact slope冰阶riser冰阶地ice pushed terrace冰解作用calving冰界沉积ice contact sediment冰晶粒glacier corn冰晶石cryolite冰举丘pingo冰举丘残穴pingo remnant冰举作用；举裂作用frost heaving冰刻沟glacial groove冰块脊ice block ridge冰块运动block-schollen movement冰粒glacier grain冰砾glacial boulder冰砾壁boulder-wall冰砾带boulder belt冰砾对boulder couplet冰砾阜；冰磧阜kame冰砾阜平原kame plain冰砾阜三角洲kame delta冰砾阜田；冰砾阜群kame field冰砾泥boulder clay冰砾泥drift clay冰砾磧kame moraine冰砾臺地kame terrace冰砾岩glacial conglomerate冰裂磧ice-crack moraine冰裂岩块congelifractate冰裂岩屑congelifract冰裂作用congelifraction冰裂作用frost splitting冰流glacier flow冰流ice flow冰流槽glacial chute冰流溢口；冰积溢道glacial spill-way 冰脉；冰楔ice vein冰脉；冰楔ice vein冰帽；冰盖glacial cap冰面堆积层border belts冰膜film crust冰膜ice rind冰钠长石系adularia-albite series冰泥ice gruel冰泥凝土ice concrete冰甌阜moulin kame冰盘ice pan冰棚ice shelf冰硼ram冰漂石ice boulder冰磦石soled boulder冰坪ice pavement冰瀑glacial cascade(glacial fall)冰瀑ice cascade冰期drift epoch冰期glacial epoch(ice age)冰期glacial period冰期ice age(glacial age)冰期；冰河期glacial age(ice-age)冰期次阶stade冰期后的post-glacial冰磧；冰磧物glacial drift冰磧坝湖morainal dam lake冰磧擦痕drift scrath冰磧层till sheet冰磧的morainic冰磧阜moraine kame冰磧盖层drift sheet冰磧高原moraine plateau冰磧湖drift lake冰磧湖morainal lake冰磧脊till billow冰磧角砾岩moraine-breccia冰磧脉till wall冰磧泥炭drift peat冰磧丘moraine(till;drift)冰磧裙地morainal apron冰磧三角洲morainal delta冰磧沙洲moraine bar冰磧土flow till冰磧外的extramorainic冰磧物glacial till冰磧物till冰磧下地形subdrift topography冰磧岩tillite冰磧原till plain冰前湖marginal lake冰前石脊protalus rampat冰前沼polynya冰壳foam crust冰壳ice curst冰丘堆hydrolaccolith冰球ball ice冰圈；冰冻圈cryosphere冰裙ice apron冰扰土congeliturbate冰扰作用congeliturbation冰扰作用cryoturbation冰扰作用frost stirring冰扰作用kryoturbation冰刃ice blade冰溶残岗thermokarst mound冰溶地形thermokarst topography冰溶喀斯特；热溶喀斯特thermokarst 冰融ablation冰融冲积阶地fluvio-glacial terrace冰融的fluvioglacial冰融浮磧fluvioglacial drift冰融河glacial(glacier)stream冰融漂砾fluvioglacial drift stone冰融沉积fluvioglacial deposit冰融仪ablatograph冰乳浆glacial milk冰塞湖drift dammed lake冰砂glacial sands冰山berg冰山ice berg冰山ice mountain冰山磧土berg till冰扇ice fan冰上的superglacial冰舌ice tongue冰舌；冰河舌glacier tongue冰蚀glacial erosion冰蚀槽；槽蚀作用fluting冰蚀的glaciated冰蚀的；冰损的iceworn冰蚀高地monumented upland冰蚀海岸glaciated coast冰蚀角峰monumental peak冰蚀盆地deflection basin冰蚀平原ice-scoured plain冰蚀峡谷；冰河峡谷glacial canyon冰蚀峡谷；冰河峡谷glacial gorge冰蚀作用exaration冰水冲积平原glaciofluviatile plain冰水的aqueoglacial冰水的glacioaqueous冰水的glaciofluvial冰水泥；冰水黏土glacio-aqueous clay冰水沉积glacio-fluvial deposit冰水沉积裙outwash apron幻想节日2006-10-30 13:40[即划即译已启用] 登录| 注册| 标签| 圈子| 商城| 搜索| 帮助当前位置：沙龙首页> 休闲娱乐> 游泳池主题：地质学专业英语词汇(10) 点击：508 回复：4查看主题内容最懒的珊等级：高级词友头衔：专栏服务员积分：15977分专家分：118分看我其他帖子标签：词汇推广拿分收藏本贴地质学专业英语词汇(10)等粒状〔结构〕equigranular等量半径equivalent radius等量度组构因素eguant element等量度组构因素equant element等量线isogram等密度的isopycnic等密度内流homopychal inflow等面积投影equiaeral projection等面积网格equal-area net等浓度线isocon等热值线isocal等容积线；等间距线isochore等色线isochromatic curve等深线isobath等升降线isobase等时线time line等水分线isohume等水压面(等压面) isopiestic level(isobaric surface) 等水压线isopiestic line等他形equant anhedronal等碳线isocarb等尾虫Homotelus等尾目Isopygous等位面；等势面niveau surface等位能面equipotential surface等温面或等温剖面isothermal plane or section等温线isotherm等温研究isothermal study等线贝Isogramma等相isofacies等相图isofacies map等相线facies contour等小长身蜿Productellana等斜的isoclinal等斜线isodip line等斜褶皱isoclinal fold等斜褶皱isocline等形equiform等形体的equidimensional等压面isobaric surface等压线isobar(isopiestics)等盐度线isohalsine等异常线isanomalic line等异常线isanomaly等萤光线isofluors等雨量线isohyet等震isoseism等震的isoseismic等震度的isoseismal等震线homoseism等震线isoseismal line等正辉正长岩yogoite等值线isopleth等中粒度线isomegathy等轴晶系cubic system等轴晶系isometric system等轴晶系regular system等轴偏形半面类isometric plagihedral hemihedral class等轴全面六八类isometric holohedral hexakisoctahedral class 等轴四半面体isometric tetrahedral hemihedral class等轴鉭钙石koppite等轴投影isometric projection等属形的isogenotypic等椎目Isospondlyi等足目Isopoda鐙骨stapes低冰depth ice低潮low tide低潮neap tide低潮阶带low-tide terrace低潮线low-water line低潮线；低水位準low water mark低地lowland低度含水层aquiclude低共熔点；低共熔温度eutectic point or eutectic temperature 低缓坡waning slope低挥份烟煤low-volatile bituminous coal低级变质作用low-rank metamorphism低级杂砂岩lithic graywacke低级杂砂岩；低级混浊砂岩low-rank graywacke低角断层low angle fault低角逆冲断层low angle thrust低能量环境low energy environment低品位矿石；低级矿石low-grade ore低平海岸；低平湖岸flat coast低氢的subhydrous低区sag低区；洼地depression低砷铁矿leucopyrite低蚀岩基的hypobatholithic低蚀岩基时期hypobatholithic stage"低水铜铀云母" metatorbernite低水準面low-water datum低铁次透辉石ferrosalite低铁淡闪石ferroedenite低铁多硅白云母ferrophengite低铁方镁石ferropericlase低铁黑硬绿泥石ferrostilpnomelane低铁菱镁矿ferromagnesite低铁镁铁橄石ferrohedenbergite低铁镁铁橄石ferrohortonolite低铁锰白云石ferromangandolomite低铁锰闪石ferrorichterite低铁钠闪石ferrohastingsite低铁砷硅锰矿ferroschallerite低铁透辉石ferrosilite低铁透闪石ferrotremolite低铁硅灰石ferrowollastonite低铁阳起石ferroactinolite低铁棕锑矿ferrostibianite低温的epithermal低温发光cryoluminescence低温热液矿床；浅成热液矿床epithermal deposit低温热液矿脉；浅成熟液矿脉epithermal veins低温石英low-quartz低盐滩slob land低沼泥煤lowmoor peat低沼泽lowmoor bog堤侧湖lateral levee lake堤防；沙堤embankment堤防石块cyclopean stone堤礁shoal reef堤洲堰〔岸外〕滩;离岸沙滩barrier beach(offshore bar) 滴痕drip impression滴孔driphole滴水虫Guttulina滴岩；滴石drip stone滴岩幕curtain狄克石dickite狄南〔早石炭纪〕Dinantian笛珊瑚Syringopora底；下盘floor底〔冰〕磧basal moraine底冰ground ice底部接触basal contact底层水hypolimnion底长石砂岩basal arkose底荷bottom load底积；层土prodelta clay底积冰磧lodgement till底积层bottom-set bed底加作用plastering-on底孔压bottom-hole pressure底稜basal edge底砾岩basal conglomerate底流bottom flow底流under current底流undertow底流痕undertow mark底面basal plane底面base底面；底基面sole fault底面〔层下底面〕subface(of a bed)底面断层sole injection底面解理basal cleavage(plane)底面双晶manedach twin底面注入底面痕sole marking底泥炭bottom peat底黏土石灰岩；淡水石灰岩underclay limestone 底坡haldenhang底栖的benthic底栖动物demersal底栖生物benthos底栖生物群benthon底磧bottom moraine底磧ground moraine底磧海滨线ground moraine shoreline底磧土basal till底石seat stone底蚀undermine(undermining)底蚀作用undermining底水basal water底水bottom water底图base map底土root clay底土seat clay底土seat earth底土underclay底土underearth底岩seat rock底岩；基岩bed-rock底轴面basal pinacoid砥石whet stone砥石；镰刀石scythestone砥石；研磨石grindstone地〔下夹〕冰〔层〕subterranean ice地背斜geanticline地背斜岭geanticlinal welt地表的supracrustal地表的surfical地表古积geest地表热液矿床的telethermal地表异常surface anomaly地冰层ground-ice layer地冰堆ground-ice mound地冰楔ground-ice wedge地槽geosyncline地槽的geosynclinal地槽沉积柱geosynclinal prism地槽相geosynclinal facies地槽循环geosynclinal cycle地层〔单数〕stratum地层〔复数〕strata地层测验drill-stem test地层垂直变化图vertical veriability map 地层单位stratigraphic unit地层对比stratigraphic correlation地层法stratigraphic code地层方向；走向direction of strata地层封闭stratigraphic trap地层古生物学stratigraphic palaeontology 地层划分stratigraphic classification地层间断；小堆积间断lacuna地层间断时间interzonal time地层控制stratigraphic control地层剖面stratigraphic section地层时间stratigraphic time地层时序表chronological timescale地层试井strata test地层水formation water地层探井stratigraphic test地层图stratigraphic map地层相stratigraphic facies地层学stratigraphic geology地层学stratigraphy地层学家stratigrapher地层岩柱geogram地层因数formation factor地层柱stratigraphic column地潮bodily tides地磁terrestrial magnetism地磁赤道magnetic equator地磁的geomagnetic地磁地层学magnetic stratigraphy地磁极geomagnetic pole地磁记绿器magnetograph地磁日变化telluric diurnal variation地磁图magnetic chart地磁仪magnetometer地磁异常magnetic anormaly地单斜geomonocline地叠horst地动ground motion地盾shield地盾玄武岩shield basalt地函mantle地化高区；地球化学浓集geochemical culmination 地化探勘geochemical exploration地化探勘geochemical prospecting地化循环geochemical cycle地化异常geochemical anomaly地基土壤foundation soil地籍测量cadastral survey地籍图cadastral map地籍图plat地景；景观landscope地块；山块block地块逆掩作用block-overthrusting地蜡mineral wax地蜡ozocerite(ozokerite)地蜡ozokerite地理学geography地沥青asphalt地沥青asphaltos地沥青asphaltum地沥青asphaltus地沥青mineral pitch地瘤geotumor地面；场ground地面波surface wave地面波surface wave group地面磁测仪ground magnetometer地面地质学surface geology地面电流earth current地面电阻率ground resistivity地面供应间歇河surface-fed intermittent stream 地面逕流overland flow地面逕流surface runoff地面矿床hypotaxic deposit地面曲率earth curvature地面水surface water地面相surface phase地内的intratelluric地内等温线geoisotherm地内结晶intratelluric crystalization地泡假说blister hypothesis地坡ground slope地堑graben地堑断层trough fault地壳板块crustal plate地壳变动diastrophism地壳波动学说undation theory地壳不定稳定性crustal instability地壳海洋化作用oceanization地壳滑动作用phorogenesis地壳均衡补偿isostatic compensation地壳均衡的isostatic地壳均衡的异常isostatic anomaly地壳均衡说isostasy地壳扭力crust torsion地壳翘曲crustal warping地壳外壳crust地壳应力crust stress地壳元素百分比clarke地壳运动crustal movement地壳运动diastrophism(crustal movement)地壳运动earth movement地壳运动revolution地球〔泥〕土earth地球成因学geogeny地球成因学；地因学geogony地球的telluric地球发生论geogenesis地球化学geochemistry地球化学相geochemical facies地球曲率curvature of earth地球四面体说tetrahedral theory(of the earth) 地球体；地球形；象地体geoid地球物理测勘geophysical survey地球物理的geophysical地球物理学geophysics地球物理学家geophysicist地球中心带〔圈〕core of the earth地区terrain地热变质geothermal metamorphism地热梯度；地温梯度geothermal gradient地热学geothermics地色石geophyrocapsa地石膏ground gypsum地史学geochronic geology地史学；歷史地质学historical geology地势surface relief地势图relief map地台platform地图map地图比例representative fraction地图投影map projection地洼；大沉降带geodepression地温测定法geological thermometry地温度geothermometer地文学physiography地峡；土腰issite isthmus地下冰脉crevasse hoar地下的subterranean地下地质学subsurface geology地下古露头subcrop地下古露头图subcrop map地下金属探测器treasure finder地下切流subterranean cutoff地下生成期intratelluric stage地下竖井underground shaft地下霜depth hoar地下水subsurface water地下水subterranean water通过E-mail推荐给好友没有最懒只有更懒!Date:2006-07-22 20:10:25最懒的珊看我其他帖子地质学专业英语词汇(19) 光椭圆剖面optic ellipse光尾球接子Lejpyge光线ray光线矿abichite光线矿clinoclase光线矿clinoclasite光像light figure光行差(光)；变体(生) aberration光性optic character光性optical character光性optical properties光性测温计optical pyrometer光性常数optical constant光性方位optical orientation光性符号optical sign光性记录optical registration光性试验optical test光性异常optical anomaly光学放大optical magnification光玉髓corneline光玉髓；肉红石髓carnelian光玉髓；肉红石髓carneol光泽luster光栅grating光之分异differentiation of light光轴optic axis光轴法线third mean line光轴角axial angle光轴角optic angle光轴面optic plane光轴面plane of optic axis光轴然线optic normal光轴色散dispersion of optic axes光轴影melatopes光柱beam of light光子photon广鼻类Platyrrhini广翅目Megaloptera广深性的；耐深的eurybathic广温性的eurythermal广温性生物eurythermal organism广西螺Kwangsispira广西珊瑚Kwangsiphyllum广西运动Kuangsi movement广盐性的；耐盐度变化的euryhaline广盐性生物euryhalinous organism广元统Kuanyuan series规格石块；建筑石材dimension stone规模；数值magnitude规则包体regular inclusions规则海胆目Regulate龟背地形turtleback龟背石；裂心结核；桃核心结核septarium龟甲石；龟甲状结核septaria(septarian nodule) 龟裂的septarian龟龙Oudenodon龟形石turtle stone归州统Kuichouseries轨道orbit鬼里螺；骨螺Murex桂林山；石灰岩残丘haystack桂林山灰岩残丘hum桂竹林层kueichoulin formation贵蛋白石noble opal贵蛋白石precious opal贵电气石noble tourmaline贵橄欖石chrysolite贵橄欖石chrysolyte贵橄欖石peridot贵尖晶石noble spinel贵金属noble metal贵金属precious metal贵榴状晶石almandine-spinel贵蛇纹石noble serpentine贵州角石Kueichouceras贵州珊瑚Kueichouphyllum贵州珊瑚Kweichouphyllum锅穴kettle锅穴状kettled锅状湖pit lake锅状火山口pit crater(volcano sink)国姓埔层Kuohsingpu formation果皮内层endocarp过；超hyper-过白榴粒玄岩parchettite过斑晶的persemic(C.I.P.W.)过饱和supersaturation过饱和溶液supersaturant solution 过饱和岩oversaturated rocks过玻璃质perhyaline(C.I.P.W.)过长石质perfelic(C.I.P.W.)过长英质perfelsic(C.I.P.W.)"过陡谷壁" oversteepened walls过渡岩系transitiional series过多容晶的perxence过多容晶的perxenic过多主晶的peroikic过基质的perpatic(C.I.P.W.)过硷性peralkaline过硷性的peralkalic过结晶作用per crystallization过晶质percrystalline(C.I.P.W.)过冷super-cooling过冷under cooling过冷的undercooling过量下蚀overdeepening过硫锑铅矿epiboulangerite过铝质岩peraluminous rocks过镁铁质permafic(C.I.P.W.)过氢煤perhydrous coal过氢煤素质perhydrous maceral 过氢烟煤perbituminous coal过热作用superheating过溶作用transfusion过生长over growth过石英质perquaric(C.I.P.W.)过酸性岩peracidite过酸性岩persilicic rocks过铁镁质perfemane(C.I.P.W.)过铁镁质perfemic(C.I.P.W.)过硅铝质persalane(C.I.P.W.)过硅铝质persalic(C.I.P.W.)过硅酸质persilicic过中孔型permesothyrid哈德逊海星Hudsonaster骸晶skeleton crystals骸晶生长skeletal growth海sea海岸seacoast海岸sea-front海岸；岸coast海岸带coastal belt海岸带；滨带coast zone海岸地sea board海岸地区coastal area海岸地下水coastal ground water海岸地形；沿岸地形coastal landforms海岸发育循环cycle of shore development海岸礁coast riff海岸阶地；岸坪coast terrace海岸泥；岸泥coast mud海岸平原coast plain海岸平原；沿岸平原coastal plain海岸沙coast sand海岸沙丘coastal dune海岸沙丘medano海岸沙土；沿岸沙丘coast dune海岸沉积coast deposit海岸臺地coastal platform海岸臺地coastal terrace海岸臺地marine terrace海岸线coast line海岸线;滩线beach line海岸压力山脊coastal pressure ridge海岸盐湖marine salina海岸沼coastal pond海岸沼泽coastal marsh海岸沼泽marine marsh海岸沼泽marine swamp海百合crinoid海百合纲Crinoidea海百合灰岩crinoidal limestone海百合类；海百合壳灰岩encrinites海百合石灰岩criquina海百合石灰岩encrinal limestone;encrinital limestone 海百合石灰岩encrinite limestone海百合碎片石灰岩crinoidal coquina海百合亚门Crinozoa海边潟湖marginal lagoon海边盐地marginal salt pan海滨sea shore海滨；湖滨strand海滨底痕strand mark海滨平原strand plain海滨台shore platform海滨滩strandflat海滨线shore line海滨线；滨线strand line海冰sea ice海参holothurian海参sea cucumber海参纲Holothurioidea海参类holothuroids海潮图；潮汐图marigram海胆echinoid海胆纲Echinoidea海胆目(亚门) Echinozoa海得堡人Heidelberg man海得贝格统〔早泥盆纪〕Helderbergian 海德堡人Homo heirdelbergensis海堤sea wall海底sea floor海底的submarine海底地形的bathyorographical海底地震submarine earthquake海底古陆thalasso-craton海底古陆的；海扩期的thalassocratic海底谷submarine valley海底火山submarine valcano海底扩张作用sea-floor spreading海底锰矿；深海矿核pelagite海底面生物epibiota海底平原submarine plain海底坡度underwater gradient海底泉submarine spring海底三角洲submarine delta海底山；海丘seamount海底峡谷submarine canyon海底悬崖Seascarp海底悬崖seascarp海底岩化作用halmyrolysis海底岩化作用halmyrosis海豆芽类lingulids海尔微统〔中新统〕Helvetian海峰seapeak海拱；海石门sea arch海沟带trench zone海冠纲Thecoidea海龟〔属〕Chelonia海菓纲〔棘皮动物〕Carpoidea海化石时代marine time海建臺地marine-built terrace海截河流sea-captured streams海金沙Lygodium海浸ingression海进；海侵transgression海进生物礁transgressive reef海进相transgression phase海菊蛤Spondylus海葵目Actiniaria海蓝宝石aquamarine海蓝柱石glaucolite海螂Mya海浪sea wave海浪沙浪regressive sand wave海浪蚀台abrasion (abraded) platform海蕾Blastoid海蕾纲Blastoidea海林擒cystoid海林擒Hydrophorida海林擒纲Cystoidea;Cystidea海绿〔石〕砂岩glauconitic sandstone海绿白堊岩；海绿堊glauconite chalk海绿石glauconite海绿石化glauconitization海绿石灰岩glauconitic limestone海绵sponge海绵岩spongolite海面薄冰black ice海面升降的eustatic海面升降运动eustatic movement海泥sea mud海盘车；小行星asteroids海泡蛇纹岩porcellanous serpentine(porcellophite) 海泡石"meerschaum"海泡石sepiolite海盆sea basin海平面sea level海平校正数free air correction海埔地barrier flat海切臺地marine-cut terrace海侵marine transgression海侵超覆transgressive overlap海丘seaknoll海蜷Batillaria海扇状构造scallop海蛸Ascidia海深的bathymetric海深的bathymetrical海深地形图bathymetric chart海深线bathymetric line海神石Clymenia海蚀洞marine cave海蚀洞；海蚀穴sea cave(coastal cave)海蚀海岸marine erosion coast海蚀后退作用retrogradation海蚀平面marine plane海蚀平臺cut platform海蚀平臺marine bench海蚀平原marine plain海蚀平原plain of marine denudation海蚀平原plain of marine erosion海蚀石aquafact海蚀臺地sea terrace海蚀臺地；岩台rock bench海氏海绵Hydnocerus海氏菊石Hedenstroemia海水面变化eustasy海台沙滩platform beach海台沉积;海台崖锥coverhead海滩beach海滩均衡纵剖面beach profile of equilibrium 海滩平原；湖滩平原；海滨平原beach plain 海滩砂矿beach ore海滩砂矿beach placer海滩砂砾矿床sea-beach placers海滩悬崖beach scarp海滩循环beach cycle海滩淤积作用beach accretion海滩纵剖面beach profile海滩嘴滩角beach cusp海退；退化regression海退岩礁regressive reef海湾embayment海湾gulf海王星Neptune海窝caldron海西运动Hercynian海西运动Hercynian movement海袭〔B、C时间很短〕；海侵作用marining 海峡strait海峡；水道channel海下剖面subbottom profile海啸；津波tsunamis海星纲Asteroidea海星纲Stelleroidea海星亚门Asterozoa海星运动stelleroid海崖sea cliff海崖缝sea chasm海燕蛤Halobia海洋的marine海洋的oceanic海洋化作用thalassiogenesis海洋隆堆oceanic rise海洋磨蚀marine abrasion海洋气候marine climate海洋三角洲；邻洋三角洲oceanic delta海洋生物halobios海洋性气候oceanic climate海洋学oceanography海渊deep海藻algae海藻构造stromatolite海藻泥煤sea peat海震；海啸sea-quake海蜘蛛纲Pycnogonida海柱；海蚀；岩柱sea stack海柱；石柱stack海桌山guyot海桌山tablemount含多量遗留矿物的dolimorphic含分离维管束中柱dictyostele含黑电气石的schorlaceous含化石的fossiliferous含化石面smothered bottom含化石足印岩石ichnolite含硷植物soda plant含金的auriferous含金砾岩层banket含金石英；含金水晶gold quartz含金银的auri-argentiferous含金属的；產金属的metalliferous含矿波沙pay dirt含矿的ore bearing含矿岩ore rock含矿岩浆ore magma含矿岩屑；矿脉ledge含砾砂pebbly sand含镁石灰岩；镁质灰岩magnesian limestone 含锰辉石manganese pyroxene含镍的nickeliferous含乳液的laticiferous含石英二长岩quartz-bearing monzonite含石英辉绿岩quartz-bearing diabase含水层aquifer (nappe d'eau)沙发Date:2006-07-22 20:27:02最懒的珊看我其他帖子地质学专业英语词汇(38)气囊假说gas pocket hypothesis气泡vesicle气泡带bubble trend气泡构造air-heave structure气圈air mass气生岩atmoliths气室air chamber气水成的hydatopneumatic气水成的hydatopneumatolytic气水成的hydropneumatic气水面gas-water surface气碎石atmoclast (atmoclastics)气碎岩atmoclastic rocks气体〔作用〕gasification气体分移作用；气体搬运gaseous transfer 气体熔融gas-fiuxing气体试剂gaseous reagents气体液化liquefaction of gas气体助熔作用gas fluxings气温直减率lapse rate气相gas phase气象区meteorological region气象学meteorology气象要素meteorological elements气旋cyclone气旋风cyclonic wind气穴gas pic气压atmospheric pressure气压barometric pressure气压变速barometric rate气压高度barometric elevation气压计barometer气压记录器barograph气压制动器air damper气液成的gas-aqueous气液成的pneumato hydatogenetic气液混合物azeotropic mixture气涌作用gas streaming气源的atmogenic气钻air drill器官organ器官属organ genus磧缘河peripheral stream千佛崖统Tsienfuyen series千孔虫Millipora千孔虫类Milliporid千枚板岩phyllite slate千枚搓变岩phyllite-mylonite千枚糜岭岩phyllonite千枚相phyllofacies千枚岩；硬绿泥石phyllite千枚岩化作用phyllitization牵引流tractive current铅笔状构造pencil structure铅笔状片麻岩pencil gneiss铅锤plumb铅丹minium铅丹miniumite铅矾；硫酸铅矿lead vitriol(anglesite) 铅方解石plumbocalcite"铅钙铀云母" lead-autunite铅黄massicot铅黄massicotite铅灰石alamosite铅矿lead ore铅铝英石plumballophane铅绿矾Caledonite铅锰鈦铁矿senaite铅明矾石lead-alunite铅鈮铁矿plumbocolumbite(plumboniobite) 铅鈮铁矿plumboniobite铅泡鉍矿alaskaite铅砷矿schultenite铅砷锰矿plumbosynadelphite(synadelphite) 铅铁矾plumbojarosite铅霞石tarnowitzite铅氧masicotite(massicottite;massicot)铅铀比率lead-uranium ratio铅赭石lead ocher(plumbic ocher)迁移；蛇形wandering前凹椎procoelous vertebra前壁antetheca前滨；前峯foreshore前槽fore-trench前齿骨predentary bone前导边缘leading edge前额骨prefrontal前耳骨prootica前关节骨praearticulare前頜骨；前顎骨premaxillary bone前积层forest beds前积层forest beds前颊目〔三叶虫〕Proparia(trilobite)前甲proostracum前尖paracone前尖虫；古介形虫Aluta前礁fore reef前进progression前进变质作用progressive metamorphism 前进波progressive wave前进超覆progressive overlap前进砂波progressive sand waves前进退覆progressive offlap前臼骨premolar前犁骨prevomel前陆foreland前陆棚foreland shelf前面的；前臺地冰前冲积平原frontal(frontal)apron-plain 前坡foreslope前磧frontal moraine前切曲流advanced-cut meander前倾型procline前丘；前滩沙丘foredune前区proparea"前鳃盖骨" praeopercular(preopercular)前鳃亚纲Prosobranchia前山front range前上新猿Propliopethecus前胎管Prosicula前显花植物Prephanerogam前穴目；前孔目Protremata前一pro-前移海岸advanced coast前翼fore limb前渊fore-trough前渊；陆外渊fore deep前渊地槽exogeosynclines前缘平原；洗出平原frontal plain前缘石堆fringe前缘线trimline前月面lunule前震fore shock前轴面front pinacoid前浊流痕precurrent marking乾冰dry ice乾法drymethod乾腐植煤dysodil乾沟nullah乾沟层Kankou formation乾谷strath valley乾河床dry bed乾河谷canada乾湖；化石湖extinct lake(fossil)乾化desiccate乾化角砾岩desiccation breccia乾化作用desiccation乾井dry hole乾宽谷〔喀斯特地形〕U-vale乾矿石dry ore乾粒雪powder snow乾裂desiccation crack乾裂；泥裂mud crack乾裂；晒裂泥块sun crack乾裂多角形desiccation polygons乾裂节理desiccation joint乾泥砾岩desiccation conglomerate乾泥煤dry peat乾盆地dry basin乾气dry gas乾沙dry quicksand乾沙滩dry beach乾缩air shrinkage乾缩裂缝desiccation fissure乾土粒buckshot乾性永冻区dry permafrost乾穴dead cave乾雪崩dry-snow avalanches乾雪冰dry firn乾盐湖salt playa乾盐湖；间歇湖playa乾燥地形arid landform乾燥度aridity乾燥区arid region浅；浅水〔处〕；浅滩shallow浅层构造epi-tectonic浅层横移断层tear fault浅成变质epizonal metamorphism浅成大理岩epimarble浅成带；浅带epizone浅成正长岩类lamproite浅带片麻岩epigneiss浅带岩epirocks浅钙沸石episcolecite浅谷draw浅海的neritic浅红晶石balas浅红晶石balas ruby浅积盆地starred basin浅盆地；硬盘pan浅水处shallows浅滩shoal浅穴dentpit浅岩缝；含脉裂缝；洞底裂缝crevice 潜伏矿床inclosed deposit潜火山的cryptovolcanic潜火山地震cryptovolcanic earthquake 潜晶霏细岩petrosilex潜晶质；隐晶质cryptocrystalline潜流cryptoreic潜流洞tunnel cave潜热latent heat潜洼；潜隐陷落crypto-depression潜穴动物群infauna潜移creeping flow潜移；蠕动creep嵌晶结构poikilitic structure嵌晶状poikilitic(poicilitic;poecilitic) 嵌珊瑚Aphrophyllum嵌石泥球armored mud ball嵌星珊瑚Orinoastraea腔笔石目Cameroidea腔肠；消化腔gastrovascular cavity腔肠动物coelenterate腔肠动物门Coelenterata腔肠系；消化系gastrovascular system 腔棘鱼Coelacanthus枪晶石cuspidite(cuspidine)强度intensity强度strength强风锋面line squall强剪逆断层strut thrust强硷水super-saline water强黏土gumbo强切曲流forced-cut meander强塑性土ball clay强震macroseism强震的meizoseismal强震界线meizoseismal curve蔷薇辉石paisbergite蔷薇辉石rhodonite蔷薇石英rose quartz(rosy quartz)墙岩；脉岩dike-rocks(dykerocks)巧手人Homo habilis峭壁mural escarpment壳test壳瓣；裂瓣valve壳胞pustulum壳层lamella。
地质专业词汇中英文对照
地质专业词汇中英文对照一、地层stratigraphy宇eonothem界erathem系system统series阶stage群group组formation段member显生宇Phaneozoic Eonothem 元古宇Proterozoic Eonothem 太古宇Archaean Eonothem新生界Cenozoic Erathem第四系Quaternary System全新统Holocene Series更新统Pleistocene Series 第三系Tertiary System晚第三系Neogene System上新统Pliocene Series中新统Miocene Series早第三系Paleogene System渐新统Oligocene Series始新统Eocene Series古新统Paleocene Series中生界Mesozoic Erathem白垩系Cretaceous System侏罗系Jurassic System三叠系triassic System古生界Paleozoic Erathem二叠系Permian System石炭系Carboniferous System泥盆系Devonian System志留系Silurian System奥陶系Ordovician System寒武系Cambrian System新元古界Neoproterozoic Erathem震旦系Sinian System中元古界Mesoproterozoic Erathem 古元古界Palaeoproterozoic Erathem 地层对比stratigraphic correlation 层位horizon标志层key bed哑层barren bed缺失lacuna尖灭feather edge透镜状结构lensoid连续continuity不连续discontinuity整合conformity不整合unconformity角度不整合angular unconformity平行不整合para-unconformity产状occurrence走向strike倾角dip真倾角true dip视倾角apparent dip倾伏角plunge侧倾角pitch层理bedding层面bedding planes交错层理cross bedding二、岩性lithology粘土clay粉质粘土silty clay砂sand砾石gravel沉积岩sedimentary rock火成岩igneous rock变质岩metamorphic rock粘土岩claystone, clay rock页岩shale泥岩mudstone粉砂岩siltstone泥质粉砂岩argillaceous siltstone, pelitic siltstone, muddy siltstone砂岩sandstone泥质砂岩argillaceous sandstone, pelitic sandstone, muddy sandstone砾岩conglomerate煤coal灰岩limestone泥灰岩marl, marlstone白云岩dolomite蒸发岩evaporite岩浆岩magmatic rock, magmatite 花岗岩granite玄武岩basalt凝灰岩tuff大理岩marble片麻岩gneiss夕卡岩skarn三、矿物mineral 石英quartz长石feldspar云母mica白云母muscovite 方解石calcspar角闪石hornblende 石膏gypsum硬石膏anhydrite 石盐rock salt钾石盐sylvine光卤石carnallite溢晶石tachydrite 水氯镁石bischofite 四、颜色colour灰色gray白色white黄色yellow蓝色blue绿色green黑色black红色red棕色brown黄褐色tan深色dark浅色light暗色dull五、构造tectonics 断层fault正断层normal fault逆断层reverse fault冲断层thrust走滑断层strike-slip fault 倾滑断层dip-slip fault 断层面fault surface断层线fault line地垒horst地堑graben节理joint上盘hanging wall下盘foot wall落差throw平错heave断层泥fault gouge断层角砾fault brecci海侵transgression海退regression褶曲fold背斜anticline向斜syncline褶轴fold axis轴隆区culmination轴陷区depression翼limb穹窿dome盆地basin六、水文地质hydrologic geology河流river水库reservoir泉spring地表水surface water地下水groundwater大气降水atmospheric precipitation潜水phreatic water承压水confined water层间水interstrated water地下水位groundwater level含水层aquifer, water bearing layer隔水层aquiclude, water-resisting layer 弱含水层aquitard透水层permeable bed孔隙含水层porous aquifer裂隙含水层fissured aquifer岩溶含水层karst aquifer无压含水层unconfined aquifer承压含水层confined aquifer含水岩组water-bearing formation 含水岩系water-bearing rock series 持水度water-holding capacity给水度specific yield透水性permeability富水性water yield property溶洞karst cave孔隙水pore water裂隙水fissure water岩溶水karst water补给区recharge area径流区runoff area排泄区discharge area地下径流underground runoff地下水排泄groundwater discharge降水补给precipitation recharge地表水补给surface water recharge越流补给leakage recharge水文地质单元hydrogeological unit地下水赋存条件 groundwater occurrence水文地质条件hydrogeological condition 水文地质类型hydrogeological type地下水储存量groundwater storage地下水监测groundwater monitoring抽水试验pumping test注水试验injection test入渗试验Infiltration test水文调查hydrologic investigation渗透系数osmotic coefficient矿床充水flooding of ore deposit矿床充水条件flooding condition of ore deposit矿床充水水源Water source of ore deposit flooding 矿床充水通道flooding passage in ore deposit充水岩层flooding layer老窿水goaf water矿坑涌水量water yield of mine正常涌水量normal water yield最大涌水量maximum water yield大井法Large diameter well method开采疏干simultaneous draining in mining地下疏干underground draining地表疏干surface draining疏干钻孔drain well疏干巷道draining tunnel矿井突水water bursting in mines突水点water bursting point防水矿柱ore pillar preventing water burst矿井堵水water blocking in mines探水钻孔water exploration borehole注浆孔grouting well最高洪水位maximum flood level七、工程地质egineering geology顶板roof顶板稳定性roof stability顶板冒落带caving zone of top wall顶板裂隙带fissure zone of top wall顶板管理roof control顶板支护roof support顶板崩落collapse of roof底板floor, footwall底鼓footwall heaving岩石物理性质physical properties of rock岩石力学性质mechanical properties of rock 抗压强度compressive strength抗拉强度tensile strength岩爆rock burst软弱结构面weak structural plane工程地质条件engineering geologic condition 八、环境地质environmental geology岩崩rock fall滑坡landslide泥石流mud-rock flow地震earthquake地面沉降subsidence地面开裂land crack地面塌陷ground surface collapse塌陷坑collapse pit地下水污染groundwater pollution地表水污染surface water pollution污染源pollution source地下水资源枯竭 groundwater resource depletion地下水质恶化deterioration of groundwater quality 九、资源/储量resource/reserve矿产资源mineral resources储量reserves基础储量reserve base资源量resources可采储量proved reserves预可采储量probable reserves探明的measured控制的indicated推断的inferred预测的prognostic远景储量prospective reserves经济的economic边际经济的marginally economic次经济的subeconomic内蕴经济的intrinsically economic矿石ore矿层ore bed矿床ore deposit矿块ore block矿柱ore pillar, ore column矿石品位ore grade富矿体ore shoot, ore course 贫矿poor ore。
地质学专业英语单词
geology [dʒi'ɔlədʒi] n. 地质学i,地质情况volcano [vɔl'keinəu] volcanic n.火山lava ['lɑ:və] n. 熔岩, 火山岩erupt [i'rʌpt] eruption v.暴发, 喷发earthquake ['ə:θkweik] n. 地震crust [krʌst] n.地壳mineralogy [minə'rælədʒi] n.矿物学petrology [pi:'trɔlədʒi] n.岩石学Physical geology n. 动力地质学Historical geology n.历史地质学explore [iks'plɔ:] v.勘探Mineral resource n. 矿产资源coal [kəul] n.煤ore [ɔ:] n.矿石fossil ['fɔsl] n.化石/adj.化石的reservoir ['rezəvwɑ:] n.水库/储层quarry ['kwɔri] n.采石场/v.挖出sequence ['si:kwəns] n.层序lithosphere['liθəsfiə] n.岩石圈hydrosphere ['haidrəsfiə] n. 水圈economic geology经济地质学seismology [saiz'mɔlədʒi] n. 地震学volcanology [vɔlkən'ɔlədʒi] n. 火山学meteoritics [mi:tiə'ritiks]n. 陨石学mantle['mæntl] n.地幔core [kɔ:] n.地核granitic[græ'nɪtɪk] granite adj. 花岗岩的/花岗岩Roche moutonnée n. 羊背石Lofty mountains n.高山Orogenic belt [ɔ:rə'dʒenik]n.造山带morass [mə'ræs]n.沼泽structural geology ['strʌktʃərəl]构造地质学geochemistry[dʒi:əu'kemistri] n.地球化学geophysics[dʒi:əu'fiziks] n.地球物理学paleontology[pæliɔn'tɔlədʒi] n.古生物学stratigraphy[strə'tigrəfi] n.地层学paleogeography [peiliəudʒi'ɔgrəfi]n. 古地理学geological time地质时期continent['kɔntinənt] n.大陆ocean basin n.洋盆,大洋盆地ocean floor n.洋底solar['səulə] adj.太阳的lunar['lu:nə] adj.月亮的radioactive decay放射性衰变seismic ['saizmik] adj. 地震的thermal gradient温度梯度geothermal gradient 地温梯度Mohorovicic discontinuity莫霍面Alpine chain n.山链karst[kɑ:st] n.喀斯特magma ['mægmə]n. 岩浆luster ['lʌstə(r)]n. 光泽hardness ['hɑ:dnis] n.硬度specific gravity n.比重odor ['əudə] n.气味magnetism ['mægnitizəm] n.磁性transparent [træns'perənt] adj.透明的diagnostic [daiəg'nɔstik] adj.诊断的, 特征的impurity [im'pjuəriti] n. 杂质,不纯streak [stri:k] n. 条痕rub [rʌb] rubbingn. 摩擦/相摩擦hand specimen 手标本unglazed['ʌn'gleizd]adj. 没有上釉的porcelain ['pɔ:slin] n.磁器metallic [mi'tælik] adj.金属的vitreous ['vitriəs] adj.玻璃的resinous ['rezinəs] adj. 树脂的/松脂的pearly luster n.珍珠光泽silky luster n.丝绢光泽dull luster n.暗淡光泽,无光泽earthy luster n.土状光泽mohs scale of hardness 莫氏硬度表diaphaneity [diæfə'ni:iti]n. 透明度thin slice 薄片thin section translucent [træns'lu:sənt] adj. 半透明的opaque [əu'peik] adj.不透明的brittle ['britl] n.脆性shatter ['ʃætə] vt.粉碎crystal form n.晶形symmetry ['simitri] n.对称geometric [dʒiə'metrik] adj.几何学的cleavage ['kli:vidʒ] n. 解理plane of weakness 软弱面orientation [ɔ:rien'teiʃən] n.定向fracture ['fræktʃə] n.断口conchoidal [kɔŋ'kɔidl] adj. 贝壳状的uneven ['ʌn'i:vən] adj.参差状的kaolinite ['keiəlinait] n. 高岭石heft [heft] n.重量apatite ['æpətait]n. 磷灰石olivine [ɔli'vi:n] n. 橄榄石fluorite ['fluərait] n.荧石magnetite ['mægnitait]n. 磁铁矿garnet ['gɑ:nit] n. 石榴石nepheline['nefəlin] n. 霞石biotite ['baiətait]n. 黑云母pyrite ['pairait] n.黄铁矿chlorite ['klɔ:rait] n. 绿泥石opal ['əupəl] n. 蛋白石nonhomogeneous ['nɔnhɔmə'dʒi:njəs]adj. 非均质的scapolite ['skæpəlait] n. 方柱石spinel [spi'nel] n. 尖晶石leucite ['lu:sait] n. 白榴石hematite ['hemətait] n.赤铁矿gypsum ['dʒipsəm] n.石膏Chalcopyrite [kælkə'pairait] n. 黄铜矿chromite ['krəumait] n. 铬铁矿allomorph ['æləmɔ:f] n. 同质多像chalcedony [kæl'sedəni] n.玉髓orthoclase ['ɔ:θəkleis] n. 正长石microcline ['maikrəklain] n. 微斜长石barite ['bɛərait] n. 重晶石graphite ['græfait] n. 石墨analcite [ə'nælsait] n. 方沸石cristobalite [kris'təubəlait]n. 方英石corundum [kə'rʌndəm] n. 刚玉scheelite ['ʃi:lait] n. 白钨矿cassiterite [kə'sitərait] n. 锡石borax ['bɔ:ræks] n.硼砂mica ['maikə] n. 云母feldspar ['feldspɑ:] n. 长石hornblende ['hɔ:nblend] n. 角闪石albite ['ælbait]n. 钠长石triclinic [trai'klinik] adj. 三斜晶系的phenocryst ['fi:nəkrist] n. 斑晶relief [ri'li:f] n.突起balsam ['bɔ:lsəm] n. 树胶birefringence [bairi'frindʒəns] n. 双折射Polysynthetic [pɔlisin'θetik]n. 聚片双晶作用albite law n.钠长石律Carlsbad law 卡尔斯巴德律pericline law ['perəklain] 肖纳长石律rhombic section n. 菱切面interference figure 干与图biaxial positive n.二轴正光性axial anglen. 光轴角2V dispersion [dis'pə:ʃən] n. 色散plagioclase ['pleidʒiəkleis] n. 斜长石index of refraction [ri'frækʃən] n. 折射率extinction angle n.消光角furnish ['fə:niʃ] vt. 提供occurrence [ə'kʌrəns] n.产状tectonite ['tektənait]n. 构造岩nesosilicate [ni:səu‘siləkeit]岛状硅酸盐octahedron [ɔktə‘hi:drən] n.八面体prism ['prizəm] n. 棱柱sill [sil] n. 岩床mutual ['mju:tʃuəl] adj.一路的, 彼此的consecutive [kən'sekjutiv] adj.持续的, 连贯的quartzite ['kwɔ:tsait] n.石英岩granularity [grænju'læriti] n.粒度texture ['tekstʃə] n. 结构sorting ['sɔ:tiŋ] n. 分选induration [indju'reiʃən] n. 固结作用cementation [si:men'teiʃən] n.胶结作用weathered surfacen. 风化面rock unit n. 岩石单元cross bedding n.交织层理peculiarity [pikju:li'æriti] n. 特性lithology [li'θɔlədʒi] n.岩性学hydrothermal [haidrə'θə:məl] adj.热液的, 热水的alteration [ɔ:ltə'reiʃən] n. 蚀变mineralization [minərəlɑi'zeiʃən]n. 矿化作用, 成矿作用strike [straik] n. 走向group [gru:p] n.群jointing ['dʒɔintiŋ]n. 节理flow banding n. 流动条带molten ['məultən] adj. 熔化的sedimentary [sedi'mentəri] adj.沉积的metamorphic [metə'mɔ:fik] adj. 变质的igneous ['igniəs] adj. 火成的gneiss [nais] n.片麻岩marble ['mɑ:bl] n.大理石basalt [bə'sɔ:lt] n.玄武岩fragment ['frægmənt] n.碎片peridotite [peri'dəutait] n.橄榄岩glassy ['glæsi]adj. 玻璃质的pebble ['pebl] n. 鹅卵石diabasic [daiə'beisik]adj. 辉绿岩的andesitic ['ændizitik] adj. 安山岩的intersertal [intə'sə:tl]斑状晶间的/间片biogenetic n. 生物成因的bedding plane n.层面palimpsest structure ['pælimpsest]n. 变余构造fluidal structure n.流纹构造clastic [klæstik] adj. 碎屑的cataclastic texture [kætə'klæstik] n.碎裂结构metasomatic [metəsəu'mætik]adj. 交代的crystalloblastic n.变晶质的basic rock n.基性岩kimberlite ['kimbəlait] n. 金伯利岩diorite ['daiərait] n. 闪长岩conglomerate [kən'glɔmərit] n. 砾岩dolomite ['dɔləmait] n.白云石/白云岩evaporite [i'væpərait] n. 蒸发岩, 蒸发盐diabase ['daiəbeis] n. 辉绿岩breccia ['bretʃə] n.角砾岩loess ['ləuis] n. 黄土leptynite n.长英麻粒岩eclogite ['eklədʒait]n. 榴辉岩petrogenesis [petrə'dʒenisis] n. 岩石成因学cartography [kɑ:'tɔgrəfi] n. 制图学, petrography [pi:'trɔgrəfi] n.岩相学petrofabrics [petrə'fæbrik]n.岩组学chalk [tʃɔːk]n. 白垩marlstone ['mɑ:l,stəun] n. 泥灰岩turbidite ['tə:bidait]n. 浊流岩detrital [di'traitl]adj. 碎屑distal ['distəl]adj. 末梢的benthic organism ['benθik]n. 底栖生物aeolian [i:'əuliən] adj. 风成的vertebrate ['və:tibreit]n. 脊椎动物limestone ['laimstəun] n. 灰岩carbonate ['kɑ:bəneit] n.碳酸盐aragonite [ə'rægənait] n. 文石phosphate ['fɔsfeit] n. 磷酸盐taranakite [tærə'nɑ:kait]磷钾铝石silicon dioxide ['silikən dai'ɔksaid] n. 二氧化硅cristobalite [kris'təubəlait]n. 方英石estuarine ['estjuə'rain] adj.入海的/河口的brackish ['brækiʃ]adj. 有盐味的, 咸的ferruginous [fe'ru:dʒinəs] adj. 铁的, 含铁的phosphorite ['fɔsfərait] n. 磷灰石, 磷矿Graded beddingn.递变层理/粒序层理turbidity current [tə:'biditi] ['kʌrənt] n. 浊流estuarine ['estjuə'rain] adj.入海的/河口的brackish ['brækiʃ]adj. 有盐味的, 咸的ferruginous [fe'ru:dʒinəs] adj. 铁的, 含铁的lime-bearingn. 含钙potash feldspar ['pɔtæʃ] n.钾长石alkali granite ['ælkəlai] n.碱性花岗岩peralkaline granite n.过碱性花岗岩rhyolite ['raiəlait] n.流纹岩granodiorite [grænəu'daiərait]n. 花岗闪长岩rhyodacite n.流纹英安岩tonalite ['təunəlait]n. 英云闪长岩dacite ['dæsait]n. 英安岩syenite ['saiənait] n. 正长岩trachyte ['treikait] n. 粗面岩monzonite ['mɔnzənait] n. 二长岩latite ['leitait]n. 安粗岩tristanite n.碱长粗安岩monzodiorite [mɔnzə'daiərait]二长闪长岩monzogabbro 二长辉长岩andesite ['ændizait] n.安山岩hawaiite 橄榄中长玄武岩trachy basaltn. 粗面玄武岩diorite ['daiərait] n. 闪长岩gabbro ['gæbrəu] n. 辉长岩basalt [bə'sɔ:lt] n.玄武岩ultramafic [ʌltrə'mæfik] adj. 超碱的, 超基性的nepheline ['nefəlin] n. 霞石phonolite ['fəunəlait] n. 响岩essexite ['esiksait]n.碱性辉长岩teschenite 沸绿岩theralite ['θiərəlait]霞斜岩tephrite ['tefrait]n. 碱玄岩plutonic [plu:'tɔnik] adj. 深成的nephelinite ['nefəlinait] n. 霞岩hypabyssal [hipə‘bisl] adj. 浅成的peridotite [peri'dəutait] n.橄榄岩protista [prəu'tistə] n. 原生生物界naturalist ['nætʃərəlist] n. 博物学家planta n.植物界animalia [æni'meiliə]n. 动物界autotrophic [ɔ:təu'trɔfik]adj. 自养的heterotrophic [hetərə'trɔfik]adj. 异养的sedentary ['sednteri] adj. 固定不动的microorganism [maikrəu'ɔ:gənizəm] n.微生物chloroplast ['klɔ:rəplæst] n. 叶绿体organelle [ɔ:gə'nel] n.细胞器cytoplasm ['saitəplæzəm] n.细胞质chlorophyll ['klɔrəfil] n.叶绿素cilia ['siliə] n. 纤毛flagella [flə'dʒelə] n. 鞭毛flagellum 的复数locomotion [ləukə‘məuʃən] n.运动fungi ['fʌŋgai] (fungus的复数)n. 真菌amoeba [ə'mi:bə] n. 变形虫clam [klæm] n.蛤morphological [mɔ:fə'lɔdʒikəl] adj. 形态学的membrane ['membrein] n.薄膜nuclear membrane 核膜chromosome ['krəuməsəum] n. 染色体eucaryote [ju:'kæriəut] n. 真核细eucaryotic adj. 真核的procaryotic [prəukæri'ɔtik]adj. 原核的procaryote [prəu'kæriɔt] n. 原核生物monera [mə‘niərə]n. 原核生物nutrition [nju:'triʃən] n.营养ingest [in'dʒest] v. 摄取、吸收obligate heterotrophy专性异养obligate autotrophy专性自养seaweed ['si:wi:d] n. 海草, 海藻ingest [in'dʒest] v. 摄取、吸收obligate heterotrophy专性异养obligate autotrophy专性自养seaweed ['si:wi:d] n. 海草, 海藻ingest [in'dʒest] v. 摄取、吸收obligate heterotrophy专性异养obligate autotrophy专性自养seaweed ['si:wi:d] n. 海草, 海藻symbiosis [simbai'əusis] n.共生, 共栖symbiont ['simbaiɔnt] n. 共生体paleontologist [pæliɔn'tɔlədʒist]n. 古生物学家Precambrian [pri:'kæmbriən] n. 前寒武纪paleobiology [pæliəubai'ɔlədʒi]n. 古生物学paleobotany [peiliə'bɔtəni] n. 古植物学paleozoology [peiliəuzəu'ɔlədʒi] n. 古动物paleoecology [pæliəui:'kɔlədʒi] n. 古生态学arthropoda [ɑ:'θrɔpədə] n. 节肢动物门trilobite ['trailəbait] n.三叶虫chordata ['kɔr'detə]n. 脊索动物类fusulina n.纺锤蜓属crustacea [krʌs'teiʃiə]n. 甲壳纲动物Protozoa [prəutə'zəuə] n. 原生动物, 单细胞动物schwagerina n.希瓦格蜓属bryophyta 苔癣植物门coelenterata [si'lentəreit] n. 腔肠动物tetracoralla n.四射珊瑚目porifera [pɔ:'rifərə]n. 海绵动物anthozoa [ænθə'zəuə] n. 珊瑚虫类brachiopoda n. 腕足动物门mollusca [mɔ'lʌskə] n. 软体动物门lamellibranchia 双壳类（瓣鳃类）pentameracea五房贝parrot ['pærət] n.鹦鹉螺ammonoidea 菊石亚纲ammonoid n. 菊石graptozoa 笔石纲sporozoa [spɔ:rə'zəuə]孢子虫类reptilia [rep'tiliə]n. 爬行动物dinosaur ['dainəsɔ:] n.恐龙conodont ['kəunədɔnt] n. 牙形刺, 牙形石spongia 海绵paleobotanic 古植物学的annelida [ə'nelidə]n. 环节动物门spongia 海绵paleomagnetism [peiliəu'mægnitizəm]n. 古地磁学fumarole ['fju:mərəul] n. (火山的)喷气孔Martian ['mɑ:ʃiən] n. 火星人adj. 火星的amino acid [ə'mi:nə'æsid] n. 氨基酸Baltic ['bɔ:ltik] adj. 波罗的海的angiosperm [ændʒiəspə:m] n. 被子植物withdrawal [wið'drɔ:əl] n.撤退ontogeny [ɔn‘tɔdʒini] n.个体发生, 个体发生学embryologic [embri'ɔlədʒik] (=bryological)胚胎学的amphibian [æm'fibiən]adj.两栖的ancestor ['ænsistə] n.祖宗, 先人的terrestrial [ti'restriəl] adj.陆地的, 陆相的withdrawal [wið'drɔ:əl] n.撤退ontogeny [ɔn‘tɔdʒini] n.个体发生, 个体发生学embryologic [embri'ɔlədʒik](=bryological)胚胎学的areal geologic investigation n.区域地质调查terminology [tə:mi'nɔlədʒi] n.术语stratigrapher [strə'tigrəfə]n. 地层学家sedimentation [sedimən'teiʃən] n.沉积作用sedimentary column 沉积柱stratal unit n. 地层单元fold [fəʊld]n. 褶皱fault [fɔ:lt] n. 断层strata ['streitə] n. 地层名词stratum的复数形式anticline ['æntiklain] n.背斜syncline ['siŋklain] n. 向斜deformation [di:fɔ:'meiʃən] n. 变形plastically 可塑性overturn [əuvə'tə:n] v.倒转overthrust ['əuvəθrʌst]n. 逆掩uplift [‘ʌplift] n. 隆起dome [dəum] n.穹窿block [blɒk]n. 断块, 岩块normal fault 正断层reverse fault逆断层displacement [dis'pleismənt] n. 移动, 位移downdropped block n.下落断块,下降盘fault plane n. 断层面fault breccia n. 断层角砾岩slicken-side n. 擦痕面nappe [næp] n. 推覆体paleostructure n. 古构造orogenesis [ɔ:rəu'dʒenəsis]n. 造山(运动) terrain ['terein] n.地带, 地形crest plane 脊面limb of fold 褶皱翼apex of fold 褶皱极点axial surface n.轴面vertex ['və:teks] n. 极点, 最高点plunge crown倾伏端rising end of syncline向斜仰起端hinge zone枢纽带trough of fold褶曲槽synform ['sinfɔ:m]n.向形,向斜式构造fault effect 断层作用thrust fault 逆冲断层strike-slip fault 走滑断层foliation [fəuli'eiʃən] n. 面理cleavage ['kli:vidʒ]劈理schistosity [ʃis'tɔsiti]n. 片理gneissic schistosity 片麻理flow cleavage 流劈理fracture cleavage破劈理crenulation cleavage折劈理joint [dʒɔɪnt]n. 节理tension joint 张节理shear joint 剪节理compression joint n.挤压节理diagonal joint 斜节理cross joint n. 横节理,交织节理longitudinal joint 纵节理geosyncline [dʒi:əu'sinklain] n. 地槽geotectonic element 大地构造单元plate tectonic板块构造transform fault 转换断层suture line n.缝合带consume zone 消失带collision zone 碰撞带mid-oceanic ridge 大洋中脊faultblock断块polycycle 多旋回T ethys [‘ti:θis] 古地中海, 特提斯海nonconformity n. 不整合disconformity [diskən'fə:miti] n.平行不整合、假整合angular unconformity 角度不整合oxidation [ɔksi'deiʃən] n.氧化lateritization [lætəritai'zeiʃən]n. 红土化作用granulometric [grænjulə'metrik]adj. 颗粒的uniformitarianism [ju:nifɔ:mi'tɛəriənizəm] n.均变说stretched pebble 伸长卵石drag fold 拖曳/牵引褶皱crustal shortening地壳缩短meteoric shower 流星雨solar tide 太阳潮laterite ['lætərait] n. 红土inclination [inkli'neiʃən] n.偏向, 斜坡, 倾斜度rock slab n.光面boudinage 香肠构造hercynian [hə:'siniən]adj. 海西的n.海西fold belt 褶皱带Ouachita ['wɔʃitɔ:]沃希托山脉[美国中南部] Alleghenian orogeny 阿莱干尼造山运动Appalachian n. 阿帕拉契山脉Mauritanides 西非活动带Caledonian [kæli'dəuniən]adj. /n. 古苏格兰人Caledonian [kæli'dəuniən]adj. /n. 加里东Caledonian cycle加里东旋回Caledonian fold加里东褶皱Uralides 乌拉尔（山脉）deposit [di'pɔzit] vt.沉淀, 堆积vt.沉积n.depositiongeochemistry [dʒi:əu'kemistri] n.地球化学epigenesis [epi'dʒenəsis] n.表生作用、后生作用supergene ['sju:pədʒi:n] adj. 浅成的hypogene ['hipədʒi:n] adj. 深成的diagenesis [daiə'dʒenisis] n. 成岩作用magmatism n. 岩浆作用secondary dispersion halos次生分散晕geochemical investigationn.地球化学调查/化探exogene n.外生impregnation [impreg'neiʃən] n.浸染deposit [di'pɔzit] n.矿床sulfur ['sʌlfə] n.硫化物uranium [juə'reiniəm] n. 铀ground water n. 地下水alteration [ɔ:ltə'reiʃən] n. 蚀变aqueous ['eikwiəs] adj. 水的, 水成的aeolian [i:'əuliən] adj. 风成的gravitational ['grævə'teiʃənəl] adj.重力的isotope ['aisətəup] n.同位素gemology [dʒe'mɔlədʒi] n. 宝石学crystallography [kristə'lɔgrəfi] n.结晶学, 晶体学isotope geology 同位素地质学shell rule 壳层规则polymorphism [pɔli'mɔ:fizəm] n.多形性isomorphism [aisəu'mɔ:fizəm] n. 类质同像atmophile element亲气元素siderophile element亲铁元素lithophile ['liθəʊfail]n. 亲石元素biophile elements亲生元素uraninite ['jurəninait] n. 沥青铀矿(天然氧化铀)galena [gə'li:nə] n.方铅矿bornite n. 斑铜矿sphalerite ['sfælərait] n. 闪锌矿carbonado [kɑ:bə'neidəu] n.黑金刚石iron ['aiən] n. 铁magnesium ['mæg'ni: ziəm] n. 镁nickel ['nikl] n.镍cobalt [kəu'bɔ:lt] n.钴chromium ['krəumiəm] n.铬molybdenum [mə'libdinəm] n. 钼lognormal ['lɔg'nɔ:məl] adj. 对数正态的trace element n. 痕量元素, 微量元素bedrock ['bed'rɔk] n.岩床/基岩polar ['pəulə] adj.两极的/极地lithify ['liθifai]v. 石化/岩化silicify [si'lisifai] v. 硅酸化/硅化fossil soil paleosol ['pæliəsɔl]n.古土壤outweigh v. 比...更重要clay [klei] n.粘土silt [silt] n.粉砂salt bed 盐层emanation [emə'neiʃən] n.散发物, 发出物potassium [pə'tæsiəm] n. 钾phosphorus ['fɔsfərəs] n. 磷sodium ['səudiəm] n.钠chlorine ['klɔ:ri:n] n. 氯transport [træns'pɔ:t] n.运输、搬运tin [tin] n.锡platinum ['plætinəm] n.白金, 铂swamp [swɔmp] n.沼泽tundra n. 苔原, 冻土地带taiga ['taigə] n.针叶树林地带emanation [emə'neiʃən] n.散发物, 发出物sodium ['səudiəm] n.钠chlorine ['klɔ:ri:n] n. 氯tin [tin] n.锡platinum ['plætinəm] n.白金, 铂iii。
地质类专业英语词汇整理
地质类专业英语词汇整理aftershock 余震altitude 海拔高度aqueous 含水的asthenosphere 软流圈astronomy 天文学bedrock 岩基brittle 易碎的catastrophism 灾难论celestial body 天体Cenozoic 新生代的collision 碰撞compressional stress 压应力compressional 压缩的，纵波的concentric 同心的convergent plate boundary 汇聚板块边缘crustal plate 地壳板块dormant 休眠的dynamo theory 发电机理论economic geology 经济地质学epicenter 震中equator 赤道extraterrestrial 宇宙的focus 焦点，震源geochemistry 地球化学geomorphology 地貌学geophysics 地球物理学gravitation 地心引力gravitational condensation hypotheses 重力凝聚假设interstellar 星际的intricate 复杂的inundate 淹没lave 熔岩lunar 月亮的magma 岩浆meteorite 陨石mineralogy 矿物学Moho 莫霍面mudslide 泥石流ocean trench 海沟paleontology 古地理学paleontology 古生物学Paleozoic 古生代的perimeter 周长petrology 岩石学Precambrian 前寒武纪的radioactive 放射性的remote sensing 遥感Renaissance 文艺复兴时期rigidity 刚度sedimentology 沉积学seismograph 地震仪seismologist 地震学家solar system 太阳系space shuttle 航天飞机stratigraphy 地层学structural geology 构造地质学subterranean 地下的tensional stress 张应力tsunami 海啸uniformitarianism 均变论volcano 火山wave amplitude 波幅space probe 空间探测器Neptune 海王星Jupiter 木星Venus 金星basaltic 玄武岩的incandescent 白炽的lapilli 火山砾cinder 火山渣homogeneous 同类的crystalline 警惕地isomorphism 类质同相heterogeneous 异种的，非均质的transparency 透明度fusibility 熔点conductivity 传导率metasomatism 交代作用，交代变质commodity 日用品sulphide 硫化物petrography 岩相学silicate 硫酸盐arsenide砷化物phosphate 磷酸盐alloy 合金halides 卤化物renewable 可再生的non-renewable不可再生的recycling 重复利用beneficiation 选矿allocation 分配，配置reclamation 回收sewage 垃圾provision 供应carboniferous 石炭纪（的）radiometric 放射测量的span 跨度delimit 以。
出露的英文地质专业词汇
出露的英文地质专业词汇
以下是一些与地质学相关的英文专业词汇：
1. Geological formation - 地质层序
2. Stratigraphy - 地层学
3. Lithology - 岩石学
4. Sedimentology - 沉积学
5. Structural geology - 构造地质学
6. Petrology - 岩石学
7. Mineralogy - 矿物学
8. Paleontology - 古生物学
9. Geomorphology - 地貌学
10. Geochronology - 地质年代学
11. Geophysics - 地球物理学
12. Hydrogeology - 水文地质学
13. Geochemistry - 地球化学
14. Volcanology - 火山学
15. Tectonics - 构造学
16. Geologic hazards - 地质灾害
17. Geologic mapping - 地质制图
18. Geological survey - 地质勘测
19. Geothermal energy - 地热能源
20. Geological engineering - 地质工程学
这些词汇涵盖了地质学的不同分支和领域。
在地质学研究和交流中，使用这些专业词汇可以更准确地描述和讨论地质现象、过程和特征。
(完整版)地质工程专业常用英文词汇
1论述引入相应的观点概论概率观点化宏观的增补规划证明证明赔偿算法鉴别式有限元方法样本单元法赤平投影法赤平投影扰乱位移法扰乱能量法条分法极限均衡法界面元法摹拟计算程序数值剖析计算工作量解的独一性多层结构模型非线性横观各向同性各向同性各向异性非均质性界限条件本构方程初始条件初始状态岩土工程土木匠程基础工程最不利滑面交替控制论大批现场检查组合式互相作用稳固性评论均质性介质层组构1 地形地貌工程地质条件地形地貌条件地形地貌微地貌地貌单元坡度地形图河谷expound(explain), stateintroduce intocorrespondingconceptionoverviewprobabilityconceptualizemacroscopiccomplementplandemonstrate, certify, attestconfirmationcompensate, make up, imbursealgorithmdiscriminantfinite element method(FEM)sample element method(SEM)stereographic projection method(SPM)stereographic projectioninterference displacement method(IDM)interference energy method(IEM)method of sliceslimit equilibrium methodboundary element methodsimulatecomputer programnumerical analysiscalculation loaduniqueness of solutionlaminated modelnonlinearlateral isotropyisotropyanisotropyheterogeneityboundary conditionconstitutive equationinitial conditionrest conditiongeotechnical engineering,civil engineeringfoundation engineeringthe most dangerous slip surfacealternatecyberneticsmass field surveyscombined typeinteractionstability evaluationhomogeneitymediumlayer, stratumfabricgeographic and geomorphicengineering geological conditionsgeographic and geomorphic conditionsland formrelieflandform unit, geomorphic unitgraderelief mapriver valley河流河床冲沟河漫滩阶地冲积平原三角洲古河流冲积扇洪积扇坡积裙分水岭盆地岩溶地貌溶洞落水洞土洞2 地层岩性地层岩性岩体岩层岩层母岩相变硬质岩软质岩硬质的软质的基岩岩组覆盖层交织层理层面片理层理板理(叶理)波痕泥痕雨痕造岩矿物黏土矿物高岭土蒙脱石伊利石云母白云母黑云母石英长石正长石斜长石辉石角闪石方解石结构结构组构矿物构成结晶质非晶质产状火成岩river courseriver bed(channel)gully, gulley, erosion gully, stream(brook)floodplain(valley flat)terracealluvial plaindeltafossil river course, fossil stream channelalluvial fandiluvial fantalus aprondividebasinkarst land feature, karst landformsolution cave, karst cavesinkholeKarstic earth cavegeostrome (stratum, strata)lithologic character, rock propertyrock massbed stratumlayer, rock stratummatrix, parent rockfacies changestrong rock, filmweak rockcompetentincompetentbedrockpetrofabricoverburdencross beddingbedding planeschistositybeddingfoliationripple-markmud crackraindrop imprintsrock-forming mineralsclay mineralkaolinitemontmorilloniteillitemicamuscovitebiotitequartzfeldsparorthoclaseplagioclasepyroxene, picritehornblendecalcitestructuretexturefabric(tissue)mineral compositioncrystallineamorphousattitudeigneousgeomorphology,microrelief2岩浆岩火山岩(熔岩) 火山侵入岩喷出岩深成岩浅成岩酸性岩中性岩基性岩超基性岩岩基岩脉(墙)岩株岩流岩盖岩盆岩墙岩床岩脉花岗岩斑岩玢岩流纹岩正长岩粗面岩闪长岩安山岩辉长岩玄武岩细晶岩伟晶岩煌斑岩辉绿岩橄榄岩黑曜岩浮岩火山角砾岩火山集块岩凝灰岩堆积岩碎屑岩黏土岩粉砂质黏土岩化学岩生物岩砾岩角砾岩砂岩石英砂岩粉砂岩钙质粉砂岩泥岩页岩盐岩石灰岩白云岩泥灰岩泥钙岩泥砂岩砂质泥质硅质的有机质magmatic rocklavavolcanointrusive(invade) rockeffusive rockplutonic rockpypabysal rockacid rockinter-mediate rockbasic rockultrabasic rockrock base (batholith)dikerock stockrock flowrock laccolith (laccolite)rock lopolithrock dikerock sillvein dykegraniteporphyryporphyriterhyolitesyenitetrachytedioriteandesitegabbrobasaltaplitepegmatitelamprophyrediabaseduniteobsidianpumicevulcanic brecciavolcanic agglomeratetuffrocksilty claystonechemical rockbiolithconglomeratebrecciasandstonequartz sandstonesiltstonecalcareous siltstonemudstoneshalesalinelimestonedolomitemarlargillo-calcareousargillo-arenaceousarenaceousargillaceoussiliceousorganic matter粗粒中粒堆积物漂石、顽石卵石砾石砂粉土黏土粘粒砂质黏土粘质砂土壤土、亚黏土coarse grainmedium-grainedsediment (deposit)bouldercobblegravelsandsiltclayclay grainsandy clayclayey sandloam砂壤土、亚砂土轻亚黏土sandy loam浮土、表土黄土红土泥灰软泥淤泥冲积物(层)冲积的洪积物(层)洪积的坡积物(层)残积物(层)残积的regolith (topsoil)loesslateritepeatoozemire, oozed mud, sludge, warp clayalluvionalluvialproluvium, diluvium, diluviondiluvialdeluviumeluviumeluvial风积物(层)湖积物(层)海积物(层)冰川堆积物(层)崩积物(层)残积黏土变质岩板岩千枚岩片岩片麻岩石英岩大理岩糜棱岩混淆岩碎裂岩3 地质结构地质结构结构结构大地结构结构运动造山运动起落运动水平运动完好性起伏度尺寸效应围压效应产状因素产状走向偏向倾角褶皱褶曲单斜eolian depositslake depositsmarine depositsglacier (drift)depositscolluvial deposits, colluviumresidual claymetamorphic rockslatephylliteschistgneissquartzitemarblemylonitemigmatitecataclasitegeologic structurestructural texturegeotectonictectogenesisorogenyvertical movementhorizontal movementperfection(integrity)wavinesssize effectconfining pressure effectelements of attitudeattitude, orientationstrikedipdip angle, angle of dipfoldfoldmonoclinesedimentaryclastic rockclay rock3向斜背斜穹隆挤压上盘下盘断距订交断层正断层逆断层平移断层层理微层理地堑地垒断层泥擦痕断裂破裂带节理节理组裂隙微裂隙劈理原生裂隙次生裂隙张裂隙剪裂隙卸荷裂隙裂隙率结构种类岩体结构岩块结构体块度结构面脆弱结构面临空面碎裂结构板状结构薄板状块状的层状的巨厚层薄层状的脆弱夹层夹层夹泥层夹泥连通性切层影响带完好性破裂胶结泥化尖灭错动错动层面断续的破裂共轭节理散状透镜状的岩石碎片岩屑薄膜层理高角度缓倾角反倾互层起伏的波状起伏的粒径结构层挤压均一的剪切错动面切割切割的致密结构岩糜棱岩断层角砾岩方解石脉碎块岩角砾岩粉岩屑固结定向摆列结构应力剩余应力4 水文地质条件水文循环大气圈水圈岩石圈地表径流地下径流流域流域面积汇水面积地下水地表水大气水气态水液态水固态水上层滞水潜水承压水吸着水介质缝隙孔隙水压力浸透压力扬压力静水压力外静水压力动水压力crumbleconjugated jointlooselens-shaped a.cragcuttings, debrismembrane, filmstratificationhigh dip anglelow dip angleanti-dipinterbed v.Interbedding n.unplanarundulate, undulatingparticle sizetectonospherecompressionhomogeneousshear faulted, bedding zonedissectiondissectedclose, compacttectonitemylonitefault brecciacalcite veinclastic rockbrecciarock powderdebris, debryconsolidationoriented spreadtectonic stressresidual stresshydrogeological conditionshydrologic cycleatmospherehydrospheregeospheresurface runoffsubsurface runoffvalley, drainage basindrainage area, river basin areacatchment areaground water, subsurface watersurface wateratmospheric wateraqueous (vapour) waterliquid watersolid waterperched waterphreatic waterconfined waterhygroscopic (adsorptive) watermediumvoidpore water pressureosmotic pressure, seepage forceuplift pressurehydrostatic pressureexternal hydrostatic pressurehydrodynamic pressure nsynclineanticlinedomesqueezeupper sectionbottom wall, footwall, lower wallseparationintersectfaultnormal faultreversed faultparallel faultbedding, stratificationlight stratificationgrabenhorst, fault ridgegouge, pug, selvage, fault gougestria, striationfracturefracture zonejointjoint setfissure, crackfine fissure, microscopic fissurecleavageoriginal jointepigenetic jointtension jointshear jointrelief crackfracture porositystructural patternrock mass structureblock massstructural elementblocknessstructural planeweak planefree facecataclastic textureplaty structurelamelloselumpy, massivelaminatedgiant thick-laminatedfinely laminatedweak intercalated layerinter bedding,degree of integralitycrumblecementargillizationtaper-outdiastrophismfaulted bedding planeintermittentclayey intercalationinter-clayconnectivityinsequentaffecting zoneintercalated bed, interlayer, intermediate layerintegrity Integrate.v. & a.4浸透力外水压力内水压力水力联系水力折减系数水头损失浸透门路浸透系数潜水位水位水头含水层seepage pressureexternal water pressure internal water pressure hydraulic interrelation hydraulic reduction coefficient water head lossfiltration path, seepage path penetration coefficientwater table levelwater level, stage levelwater headaquifer弱含水层(弱透水层) aquitardaquicludepermeable layer, pervious layer不透水层(隔水层) aquifuge, impervious layer,潜水含水层承压含水层承压面潜水面浸润线不透水界限地下分水岭粘滞性富水性透水性(浸透性) 淋滤(溶滤作用) 反滤层水锈渗滴饱和潜水位变化带气象因素饱水带包气带包气带水上层滞水孔隙水裂隙水岩溶水联合水吸着水薄膜水毛细水重力水凝固水地下水埋藏条件地下水埋藏深度压水试验抽水试验impermeable layer, aquiclude phreatic aquiferconfined aquifer, artesian aquifer bearing surfacephreatic surface, water table phreatic curveimpervious boundarygroundwater ridgeviscosityabundancepermeabilitylixiviation, leachinginverted gravel filterincrustationseepsaturation, saturatedzone of variable phreatic level meteorological factorzone of saturationaeration zone, zone of aeration aeration zone waterperched waterpore waterfissure waterkarstic waterbound water, combined water hydroscopic waterpellicular watercapillary watergravitational watercondensation watercondition of groundwater occurrence depth of groundwater occurrence packer permeability testpumping test5 物理力学性质物理力学physical mechanics n.Physico-mechanicala.折服准则米赛斯折服准则朗肯土压力理论剑桥模型yield criteriaVon Mises yield criteria Ranking’s earth pressure theory Cambridge model, Cam-model邓肯-张模型本构方程局部剪切损坏整体剪切损坏Duncan-chang model constitutive equationlocal shear failuregeneral shear failure岩体完好性指数intactness index of rock mass 安全系数埋深试件挠度里氏震级设计烈度基本烈度场所烈度地震烈度优秀周期持力层超载围岩压力附带压力应力废弛应力路迳卸荷浸透率饱和度含水量均匀粒径颗粒颗粒级配级配粒度factor of safetyembedment depthcouponsdeflectionRichter scaledesign intensitybasic intensitysite intensityseismic intensity, intensity scalepredominant periodsustained yieldsurchargesurrounding rock stresssuperimposed stressstress relaxationstress pathunloadspecific permeabilitydegree of saturationmoisture contentmean diametergrain, granule, particledistribution of grain-size,grain composition, size distributiongraduation,grain-size distribution, gradation, gradingcoarseness grain size, granularity, lump 不均匀系数coefficient of non-uniformity,variation coefficient, variation factorgradation, size gradingpore watervoid ratio (ration)air voidsporositycrackitykarstitydensityunit weight, bulk weightbuoyant unit weightreduction factordissipation of pressurecoefficient of resistancesoftening coefficientwater contentconsistencyplastic limitliquid limitplasticity indexliquidity indexrheologicalcreepplasticbrittleness(fragility)sticknessrigidityelasticviso-elasticityelasto-plasticitycompressibilityhomogeneitynonhomogeneity (heterogeneity)isotropyanisotropytotal stress颗粒分级孔隙水孔隙比缝隙率孔隙率裂隙率溶隙率密度重度浮重度折减系数压力消失抗力系数融化系数含水量稠度塑限液限塑性指数液性指数流变蠕变塑性脆性粘性刚性弹性的粘弹性弹塑性压缩性均质性非均质性各向同性各向异性总应力滞水层透水层5有效应力超孔隙水压力孔隙水压力抗压强度抗拉强度抗剪强度不排水抗剪强度峰值抗剪强度长久抗剪强度剩余抗剪强度负磨擦力磨擦角内磨擦角外磨擦角effective stressexcess pore pressurepore water pressurecompressive strengthtensile strengthshear strengthundrained shear strenghtpeak share strengthlong-term shear strengthresidual shear strengthnegative skin friction, dragdown angle of frictionangle of internal frictionangle of external friction内聚力粘聚力假凝集力粘着力摩尔圆包络线住手角峰值模量弹性模量压缩模量变形模量卸荷模量切线模量剪切模量割线模量旁压模量泊松比固结固结系数固结度超固结比应变压缩比压缩系数压缩指数初始曲线正常固结土欠固结土超固结土被动土压力主动土压力静止土压力覆盖压力初始应力地应力场有效应力动应力动荷载偏爱荷载循环荷载地应力初始应力应力场纵波液化势液化指数交角cohesioncohesionpseudo-cohesionadhesionMohr’s circleenvelopeangle of repose,angle of friction(repose, rest), repose anglepeakmodulusmodulus of elasticity ，Young ’ s modulus, elastic modulusmodulus of compressibilitymodulus of deformationunloading modulustangent modulusshear modulussecant moduluspressurmeter moduluspoisson ’s rationconsolidationcoefficient of consolidationdegree of consolidationover consolidation rationstraincompressibility ratiocoefficient of compressibilitycompression indexvirgin curvenormally consolidated soilunder-consolidated soilover-consolidated soilpassive earth pressureactive earth pressureearth pressure at restoverburden pressureinitial stressground(geostatic) stress fieldeffective stressdynamic stressdynamic loadeccentric loadsinclined loadsground stress, geostatic stressinitial stressstress fieldlongitudinal waveliquefaction potentialliquefaction indexangular岩石抗力系数允许承载力临塑压力接触压力coefficient of rock resistanceallowable bearing capacitycritical pressurecontact pressure6 工程地责问题工程地责问题定性评论定量评论极限均衡法不良地质现象风化变形位移engineering geological problemqualitative estimatequantitative estimatelimit equilibrium methodunfavorable geological conditionweatheringdeformationdisplacement不均匀位移相对位移沉陷山崩崩塌滑坡、地滑切层滑坡深层滑坡浅层滑坡顺层滑坡滑动面differential movementrelative displacementsettlementavalanche, topplingtoppling, toppling collapsecreep, slideinsequent landslidedeep slideshallow slideconsequent landslide滑动带滑床滑坡体古滑坡sliding surface, sliding plane, slip surfacesliding zoneslide bedslide(sliding) massfossil landslide推移式滑坡牵引式滑坡管涌渗漏流砂渗流液化7 工程勘探slumping slideretrogressive slidepiping, internal erosionleakagequicksandseepageliquefactionengineering investigation工程地质勘探engineering geology investigation岩土工程勘探geotechnical investigation工程地质条件engineering geological condition工程地质评论engineering geological evaluation勘察survey岩芯采用率core recovery, core extraction岩芯获取率RQD (岩石质量指标) rock quality designation程序(步骤)勘探阶段选点踏勘初步设计初步规划初步勘探初步踏勘可行性研究阶段初步设计阶段施工阶段踏勘地质测绘工程地质测绘钻探物探洞探钎探procedureinvestigational stagereconnaissanceprimary designpreliminary schemepreliminary prospectingground reconnaissancefeasibility stagepreliminary stageconstruction sagereconnaissance, inspectiongeological surveyengineering geological mappingborehole operation, boringgeophysical explorationexploratory aditsrod sounding钻杆drill rod坑探槽探天然建材检查exploring miningtrenchingnatural materials surveying (examination)岩土工程勘探报告geotechnical investigation report 判定identification, appraisal判定书判定人校核总监比率地形图地貌图地质图expertise report identifier, surveyorverificationchief inspectorproportion geographic map geomorphological map geological map工程地质图engineering geological map 实测地质剖面图field-acquired geological profile(section)结构地质图geological structure map第四纪地质图地质详图quarternary geological map detail map of geology地质柱状图geologic columnar section, geologic log 钻孔柱状图logs of bore hole纵剖面图横剖面图展现图节理玫瑰图基岩等高线层底等高线岩层界限岩面高程坐标分层地质点勘探点勘探线勘探孔平洞竖井探槽探井钻孔机钻孔套钻孔管钻孔岩芯岩芯钻探展转钻探(进) 冲击钻探钢砂钻探铁砂钻进跟管钻进振动钻进泥浆钻探金刚石钻进单动式双层空气钻探钻机钻头螺旋钻头勺钻longitudinal sectioncross sectionreveal detail maprose of jointsbed rock contourcontour of stratum bottomstrata boundaryelevation of bed rock surfacecoordinatebed separationgeological observation point exploratory point (spot)exploratory lineexploration holeaditriser, shaft, vertical shaftexploratory trenchexploratory pitborehole, drill holeordinary drill holesleeve drill holepipe drill holecorecore drillingrotary drillingchurn drilling, percussion drillingshot drillingiron shot drillingfollow-down drillingvibro-boring, vibro-drillingmud flush drillingdiamond drillingsingle actingdouble layerair flush drillingdrilling rigdrill bit, drilling bitaugerspoon bit套管岩芯管冲刷掖正循环冲刷反循环冲刷泥浆泥皮护壁止水扫孔钻进平硐竖井钻探casingcore barrelflush fluiddirect circulation reverse circulationmud, slurrymud cakedadoseal, water sealcleaning bottom of hole drillingaditshaftdrilling boring8 工程地质试验击实试验压缩试验固结试验单轴试验现场剪切试验单剪试验直剪试验慢剪试验单剪试验快剪试验三轴剪切试验三轴压缩试验动三轴试验compaction testcompression testconsolidation test uniaxial compression test in-situ shear testsimple shear testdirect shear testslow testsimple shear testquick testtriaxial shear test triaxial compression test dynamic triaxial test不固结不排水剪试验unconsolidated undrained test(quick test)6固结不排水剪试验consolidated undrained test(consolidated quick test)固结排水试验原位测试现场监测现场检测观察孔静力触探试验标贯试验consolidated drained test(slow test)in-situ teston-site(in-site) monitoringon-site (in-site) inspectionobservation boreholecone penetration test,static penetration test, static cone teststandard penetration test十字板剪切试验vane shear test, vane test检层法up-hole method, borehole method旁压试验pressuremeter test动力触探试验dynamic penetration test, dynamic sounding 点荷载试验岩石试验应力排除法应力恢复法套孔法9 岩土体加固掌子面顶拱底拱洞室开挖超挖风钻开挖断面塌落细骨料混凝土细骨料point load testrock teststress relief methodstress recovery methodover-coring methodbreast, driving face,heading face, tunnel facevaultinvertexcavationoverbreakpneumatic drillexcavated sectionslumpconcrete made with fine aggregatefine aggregate, fine adjustment 6料场土料矿渣性能stock groundearth materialcinder, mineral water residue, scoria, slag function, performance, property, nature凝固coagulate, congeal, congealment, coagulation合格初凝初凝时间终凝配合比塌落度水化热水灰比粉煤灰梅花状发射浇注钢筋网加固锚杆锚索锚紧端锚桩采石场开挖清基明挖爆破光面爆破预裂法10 水工概论坝址坝踵坝段坝顶坝肩左坝肩副坝三坝址标高上游水位正常库水位地下洞室压力隧洞无压隧洞交通洞灌浆洞明流洞孔板洞排砂洞尾水洞排水洞导流洞地道围岩围岩应力应力集中覆盖层冒顶底鼓回弹岩爆qualified, on test, up to standardinitial setinitial setting timefinal setmix proportionslumpheat of hydration,hydration heat, setting heatwater-cement ratiofly ashquincuncial patternshotcretepouringcoiremeshreinforceanchored bar, rock boltanchored cableanchor stationanchored pegquarryexcavationcleanup foundationopen-cutexplosionsmooth blastingpresplittingtoe of damheelmonolithcrestshouldersleft dam abutmentsaddle damthe third dam siteheight markheadwaternormal reservoir levelunderground opening (tunnel)pressure tunnelgravity tunnelaccess tunnelgrouting tunnelfree-flow tunnelorifice tunnelsediment tunneltailrace tunneldrainage tunneldiversion tunneltunnelsurrounding rock, ambient rocksecondary stress staticstress concentrateover burdencave in, roof fallbottom heavereboundrock burst冻结法超载衬砌围堰堤近坝岸坡施工(缩短)缝心墙freezing methodover breakliningcofferdamdikeabutmentsconstruction jointcore截水墙防渗墙排水井排水幕减压井反滤层灌浆资料水力劈裂帷幔线上游围堰混凝土防渗墙截流导水墙cutoff walldiaphragm walldrainage wellsdrainage curtainrelief wellsfilter zonegrouthydraulic fracturingcurtain lineupstream cofferdamconcrete cutoff wallinterim completionchannel training wall正常溢洪道渠首工程service spillway headwork消力塘隔墙混凝土护坦副厂房闸门室中闸室开关站电梯井尾沟渠特殊溢洪道lined plunge pooldivider wallsconcrete apronauxiliary powergate chambermid gate chamberswitch yardelevator shafttail raceemergency spillway11 桥梁及基础工程江阴大桥悬索桥锚碇重力式嵌岩锚Jiangyin Bridgesuspension bridgeanchoragegravity socketed anchorage北锚碇前(后)锚面front(back) surface of northern anchorage塔墩墩散索鞍猫道主缆索股主鞍主跨边跨引桥钢箱梁埋深北塔墩基础基础浅基础深基础联合基础筏形基础钢模桩基桩群桩桩基础桩承台towerpiersplay saddlefootbridgemain cablecable strandmain saddle, tower saddlemain spanside spanapproachsteel box main girderembedment depthnorth tower basefoundation, footingshallow foundationdeep foundationcombined footingraft(mat) foundationsteel formpilefoundation pilepile groupsfoundationpile caphouserockpile高桩承台低桩承台磨擦桩端承桩嵌岩桩板桩旋喷桩灌输桩沉管灌输桩支护桩刚性桩柔性桩侧向受荷桩轴向受荷桩预制桩振动打桩振动钻进沉箱沉井(沉箱) 地下连续墙支撑超载接触应力井点降水桩极限承载力承载力阻力桩端阻力表面磨擦力粘着系数负磨擦力安全系数压缩层附带应力持力层地基土临塑压力剪切损坏地基无效冲剪损坏渐进损坏允许荷载极限承载力沉降沉降差尾部倾斜倾斜坑底隆起静止土压力稳固数路堤地基办理垫层加固注浆灌浆帷幕挡土墙锚固喷浆锚杆盲沟振冲法high-rise pile capburied pile capfriction pileend bearing pilesocketed pilesheet pilejet-grouted pilecast-in-place piledriven cast-in-place pilesoldier piles, tangent pilesrigid pileflexible pilelaterally loaded pileaxially loaded pileprecast concrete pilevibratory pile drivingvibratory drillingcaisson(open) caissondiaphragm wall, slurry wallbracingsurchargecontact pressurewell-point dewateringultimate bearing capacity of pilebearing capacityresistanceend resistanceskin frictionadhesion factornegative skin frictionfactor of safetycompressed layeradditional stress, superimposed stressbearing layer, sustaining layerfoundation soil, subsoilcritical pressureshear failurefoundation failurepunching failureprogressive failureallowable loadultimate bearing capacitysettlementdifferential settlementangular distortiontiltingbottom heaveearth pressure at reststability numberembankmentground treatment soil improvementcushionstabilizationinjectiongunitingcurtainretaining wallanchoringgunitingearth anchorFrench drainvibro jet12 监测仪器观察孔仪器观察读数装置传感器探头压力盒振弦式应变计伸长计、变位计板式沉降仪测斜仪测压计，渗压计垂线垂直度13 安全监控靠谱性检查监控模型监测资料靠谱性稳固性安全评估评定评论准则灾祸确立性方法论应急行动计划事故紧迫状态紧迫检查灾情等级灾祸评论风险评估observation bore/holeinstrumentationreadout devicetransducerprobepressure cellvibrating wire strain gaugeextension meterfoundation base/pateinclinometerpiezometerplumbplumbnessreliability checkingmonitoring and prediction modelmonitoringdatum, datareliabilitystabilitysafetyevaluation, appraiseassessment, assess, ratecriterionhazard, calamityDeterministic methodologyEAP(emergency action plan)accidentemergencyemergency inspectionhazard classificationhazard evaluationrisk assessment静力( Static Analysis )动力( Dynamic Analysis )蠕变( Creep Material Model )渗流( Fluid-mechanical Interaction )热力学( Thermal Option )headward erosion 溯源侵害scouring of levee or bank 淘刷strongly weathered siliceous rock mass with quasi-lamellarweakly weathered siliceous rock mass with quasi-lamellarof continually aftershocks of 7 or 8-degree intensityEvidently 显然的Correspondingly adv. 相应地; 有关地; 同样地the hanging wall of triggering seismic faultoblique~bedding bank slope专业外语(为方便记忆,跟上边稍有重复)一．综合类91. geotechnical engineering 岩土工程2. foundation engineering 基础工程3. soil, earth 土4. soil mechanics 土力学cyclic loading 周期荷载 unloading 卸载 reloading 再加载viscoelastic found 粘弹性地基viscous damping 粘滞阻尼 shear modulus 剪切模量5. soil dynamics 土动力学6. stress path 应力路径二． 土的分类1. residual soil 残积土 groundwater level地下水位2. groundwater 地下水groundwatertable 地下水位3. clay minerals 黏土矿物4. secondary minerals 次生矿物5. landslides 滑坡6. bore hole columnar section 钻孔柱状图7. engineering geologic investigation 工程地质勘探 8. boulder 漂石 9. cobble 卵石 10. gravel 砂石11. gravelly sand 砾砂 12. coarse sand 粗砂 13. medium sand 中砂 14. fine sand 细砂 15. silty sand 粉土 16. clayey soil 粘性土 17. clay 黏土18. silty clay 粉质黏土 19. silt 粉土20. sandy silt 砂质粉土 21. clayey silt 粘质粉土 22. saturated soil 饱和土23. unsaturated soil 非饱和土24. fill (soil) 填土三． 土的基本物理力学性质1. c c Compression index2. c u undrained shear strength3. c u /p 0 ratio of undrained strength c u to effectiveoverburden stress p 0(c u /p 0)NC ,(c u /p 0)oc subscripts NC and OC designatednormally consolidated and overconsolidated, respectively4. c vane cohesive strength from vane test5. e 0 natural void ratio plasticity index6. Ip7. K 0 coefficient“ at-rest ” pressure ,for total stresses σ 1and σ 28. K 0 ’ do main for effective stresses σ 1‘an 2 ’9. K 0n K 0 for normally consolidatedstate10. K 0u K 0 coefficient under rapidcontinuous loading ,simulating instantaneous loading or an undrained condition11. K 0d K 0 coefficient under cyclicloading (frequency less than 1 Hz),as a1. soft soil 软土2. (negative) skin friction of driven pile 打入桩(负)摩阻力3. effective stress 有效应力 total stress 总应力4. field vane shear strength 十字板抗剪强度5. low activity 低活性6. sensitivity 敏捷度7. triaxial test 三轴试验8. foundation design 基础设计 9. recompaction 再压缩 10. bearing capacity 承载力 11. soil mass 土体12. contact pressure 接触应力 13. concentrated load 集中荷载14. a semi-infinite elastic solid 半无穷弹性体 15. homogeneous 均质 16. isotropic 各向同性 17o.f strip footing 条基18. square spread footing 方形独立基础19. underlying soil (stratum ,strata) 下卧层(土) 20. dead load =sustained load 恒载 连续荷载 21. live load 活载22. short –term transient load 短期刹时荷载 23. long-term transient load 长久荷载 24. reduced load 折算荷载25. settlement 沉降 deformation 变形 26. casing 套管27. dike=dyke 堤(防) 28. clay fraction 粘粒粒组四． 浸透性和渗流1. Darcy ’ s law 达西定律2. piping 管涌3. flowing soil 流土4. sand boiling 砂沸5. flow net 流网6. seepage 浸透(流)7. leakage 渗流8. seepage (force) pressure 浸透压力 9. permeability 浸透性10. hydraulic gradient 水力梯度11. coefficient of permeability 浸透系数u h19. U,U m degree ofconsolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen20. u ,u b ,u m pore pressure, subscripts b and mdenote bottom of specimen and mean value, 21. respectively natural water content, liquid and13. N blow count ,standard penetrationtest14. OCR over-consolidation ratio15. p c preconsolidation pressure ,from 16. oedemeter test effective overburden pressure17. p s specific cone penetration 18. resistance ,from static cone testq unconfined compressive strengt0 L p22. plastic limits, respectively ‘and σ ’pseudo-dynamic test for K 0 coefficientk k permeability in horizontalσ ,σ principal stresses, σ1 2 1 2denote effective principal stressesh , vvertical directions, respectively五．地基应力和变形w w wand12.p。
常用地质学英语词汇
2. GEOLOGY地质2.1 LITHOLOGY CASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION ORDER岩性分类与描述顺序2.1.1 Rock Types 岩石类型Sedi Sedimentry 沉积岩clas clastic 碎屑岩ss sandstone 砂岩mdst mudstone 泥岩sh shale 页岩clyst, clst claystone 粘土岩sd sand 砂mSsd medium sandstone 中砂岩fsst fine sandstone 细砂岩bldr boulder 卵石pbl pebble 卵石grl gravel 砾石cgl conglomerate 砾岩gywk graywacke 硬砂岩cbl cobble 大鹅卵石ark arkose 长石砂岩grnl granule 粒砂brec breccic 角砾岩bioc bioclastic 生物碎屑岩vcrs sst very coarse sandstone 极粗砂岩argl argillite 泥板岩gyp gypsum 石膏anhy anhydrite 硬石膏slt salt 盐岩flint-lingite 隧石carbonate 碳酸盐岩ls limestone 灰岩，石灰岩dolo dolomite 白云石dolst dolostone 白云岩mrls marlstone 泥灰石coq coquina 贝壳灰岩biosp biosparte 生物亮晶灰岩biomi biomicrite 生物微晶灰岩clcar calcarenite 灰屑岩，钙屑灰岩27clclt calcilutite 泥屑石灰岩micr micrite 微晶灰岩clcrd calcirudite 砾屑石灰岩clslt calcisilitite 粉砂屑石灰岩grst grainstone 粒状灰岩oolitic limestone 鲕状灰岩Igneous Rock 火成岩intrusive igneous 侵入岩extrusive igneous 喷出岩volc colcanic 火山岩grt granite 花岗岩dr diorite 闪长岩grdr grano diorite 花岗闪长岩qu dr quartz diorite 石英闪长岩dr po diorite porphyrite 闪长玢岩syenite 正长岩gab, gb gabbro 辉长岩qu po quartz porphyrite 石英玢岩an andesite 安山岩bas basalt 玄武岩arag aragonite 纹石，霞石Meta Metsmorphic rock 变质岩phyl phyllite 千枚岩sl slate 板岩sch schist 片岩mbl marble 大理岩gne gneiss 片麻岩qtzt quartzite 石英岩novac novaculite致密石英岩2.1.2 COL Color, Colour 颜色blk black 黑色brn brown 棕色yel yellow 黄色gy, gry grey 灰色or orange 橙色，桔色bl blue 蓝色gn, grn green 绿色wi, wht white 白色pnk pink 粉红色pl purple 紫色28lav lavender 浅紫色，淡紫色bf buff 浅黄色tn tan 棕黄色choc chocolate 褐色och ochve 褐色，黄褐色olv olive 橄榄色crm cream 奶油色mott motted 杂色，斑点vocl varicoloree 杂色的amb amber 琥珀色lt light 淡的dk, drk dark 暗的cc color code 颜色代码2.1.3 Hardness 硬度VHD very hard 非常硬MHD middle hard 中硬H hard 硬SFT soft 软VSFT very soft 非常软2.1.4 Roundness 磨圆sharp angular 尖棱状angle angular 棱角状subangle subangular 次棱角状subrnd subround 次圆状rnd round 圆状well round 磨圆好2.1.5 Grain Size Terminology 颗粒大小术语(see app. Table) （见附表）2.1.6 Sorting 分选go good 好f fair 一般md medium 中等pr poor 差c coarsely 粗造2.1.7 Cementation 胶结，胶结物29cp compact 胶结致密dns dense 胶结密实well well 胶结好lse loose 胶结疏松sdy are sandy arenaceous 砂质sdy sandy 砂质mdy are mudy argillaceous 泥质ethy earthy 泥质cly clay 粘土质cal, calc calcarous 钙质si siliceous 硅质lim limy 灰质kao kaolin 高岭土质carb carbonaceous 碳质的qtzc quartzitic 石英质quartzizose 石英质的nac nacreous 珍珠质2.1.8 Accessories of Rock 岩石的次要成分min mineral 矿物accessary mineral 次生矿物qz, qtz quartz 石英mic, mica micaceous 云母musc muscovite 白云母biot biotite 黑云母srct sericite 绢云母fld feldspar 长石orth orthpclase 正长石plag plagioclase 斜长石gab gabbro 辉长石py pyrite 黄铁矿lmt limonite 褐铁矿mag magnetite 磁铁矿calc calcite 方解石dol dolomite 白云石gyp gypsum 石膏anhy anhydite 无水石膏sa salt 盐asph asphalt 沥青bit bitumen 沥青gil gilsomite 天然沥青flnt flint 黑燧石，电石30cht chert 黑硅石chk chalk 白垩fos fossils 化石micfo microfossil 微化石macfo macrofossil 大化石pl fos plant fossil 植物化石vrtb vertebrate 脊椎动物ancient life 古生物fau fauna 动物群flo flora 植物群spo, spr spore 孢子，孢粉tri trilobite 三叶虫cor coral 珊瑚shl shell 贝壳amm ammonite 菊石alg algae 藻类diat diatoms 硅藻char charophyte 轮藻类grap graptolite 笔石类ost ostracod 介形虫（节肢动物）para paraparchites 介形虫cono conodont 牙形虫crin crinoid 海百合Tent Tentaculities 竹节石属moll mollusc 软体动物Ech Echinoid 海胆类（棘皮动物）Bry Bryozoa 苔藓动物门Ceph Cephalipod 头足纲（软体类）Belm Belmnifera 箭石属（头足类）Brach Brachinopoda 腕足类（动物门）Cyp Cypridopsis 斗星介属（介形类）foram foraminifera 有孔虫类Endo Endothgra 内卷虫属（有孔虫类）Glob Globigerina 抱球虫属（有孔虫类）Gast Gasttropod 腹足纲（软体动物）Fus Fusulinicl 纺锤蜓2.1.9 Depositional Distinguishing Feature 沉积识别特征sedimentary structure 沉积构造bdd beded 层状的bndd banded 层状的band band 夹层31xlam crosslaminated 交错层理xbdd crossbeded 交错层intbdd interbeded 互层的，夹层的crnk crinkled 褶皱cont contact 接触，界面unconf unconformity 不整合conf conformity 整合crev crevive 裂隙conc concretion 结核，含有物nod nodules 结核。
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地质专业英语词汇Aa hoｒｉzoｎ a 层位a ｌiｎeaｔioｎ a 线理a ｔwin ａ双晶aａ lava 块熔岩ａａlenian ｓｔage 阿林阶ａbaｎdon 废弃abandoned mｉne 废弃得矿山abandoｎeｄ well 废孔ａｂａtｉs 通风隔墙abdomｅn 腹部ａｂdomｉｎａl apｐendage 腹肢abdominal cａvity 腹腔ａbdｏminal fin 腹abｄｕctoｒ外展肌aｂduｃｔor musｃlｅ外展肌abeｒnaｔｈyｉte 水砷钾铀矿ａbｅｒrａtｉoｎ象差aｂichite 光线矿abiogｅｎesis 自然发生abiogenｙ自然发生ａbioｔiｃ faｃtor 非生物因素ablatiｏn 剥蚀ａblatiｏn brｅccia 剥蚀角砾岩ablａtiｏn ｍorａiｎe 消融碛ablation skin 熔蚀皮ablatｉｏｎtill 消融碛ablyｋite 阿布石aｂnormａｌ异常得abnormal inteｒfｅrｅnce colｏr异常干涉色abnorｍal metamorphisｍ异常变质酌abolｉｔion 废除ａbrade 剥蚀aｂraｓioｎ海蚀aｂrasｉoｎｐlatｆorｍ磨蚀台地abrasｉｏn surfａｃe 浪蚀面abrａｓion terraｃe 磨蚀阶地aｂraｓioｎn teｓｔ磨耗试验abrasive 磨料；海蚀得abrazｉte 多水高岭土aｂｓarｏｋite 正边玄武岩abｓitｅ钍钛铀矿aｂsoｌｕtｅ age 绝对年龄ａｂsoluｔｅ black bodｙ绝对黑体aｂsｏlｕｔe chronoｌoｇｙ绝对年代学absｏluｔe dａtｉｎｇ绝对年代测定absolｕte gｅopoｔenｔial 绝对重力势absoluｔe porosity 绝对孔隙率absｏlute ｐressｕre 绝对压力absoｌutｅｓtｒuctuｒe 绝对构造ａbsoｒbeｄ waｔer 吸附水abｓoｒbeｎｔ吸收剂aｂsorber 吸收器absorbing well 吸水井ａbsorption 吸收ａbsoｒption axis 吸收轴abｓｏrptioｎｂordｅｒ融蚀缘absorption ｃｕrve 吸收曲线ａbsorptｉon eｄgｅ吸收端absoｒptｉon fａctor 吸收率absoｒpｔiｏn spｅctrum 吸收光谱abｓｏrｐtiｖe caｐaciｔｙ吸收率aｂｓorptivｉty 吸收性ａbuｋｕmａlite 铋磷灰石aｂundanｃｅ丰度ａｂunｄａｎｃe of elｅｍeｎts元素丰度abuｎｄaｎce oｆｉsｏｔopes同位素丰度aｂundance rａtｉo of isotopeｓ同位素相对丰度abysｍaｌｄeｐｏsits 深海沉积物abｙsｓ深海aｂyssal 深海得abysｓaｌ benｔhic zone 深渊底栖带abｙｓsal ｄepoｓｉts 深海沉积物abyｓsａｌｆacies 深海相abｙsｓaｌ hills proｖiｎce 深海丘陵区aｂｙssal iｎjection 深成贯入abyｓsal rock 深成岩aｂyｓsal sediｍeｎts 深海沉积物acadｉaｌitｅ红菱沸石acadiaｎ sｔaｇｅ阿卡德阶acａlycｉne 无花萼得aｃaｌｙcinouｓ无花萼得acantｈｉtｅ螺状硫银矿acantｈoid 刺状得ａcaｕlescent 无茎得ａｃａuｌｏus 无茎得acausｔobiｏlitｅ非燃性生物岩aｃceleraｔｅｄｄevelopｍｅnt 上升发育ａcceleraｔioｎ促进酌accｅlｅrometｅr 加速度计acceｓsory 副得acceｓsoｒy ejecta 早成同源抛出物ａcｃｅssｏrｙｍiｎeraｌｓ副矿物aｃcidental ejecｔa 异源抛出物ａccidental iｎcluｓｉon 外源包体ａcｃiｄenｔaｌ specｉes 偶见种accidentａl xｅnoｌith 外源包体acｃliviｔy 上坡ａｃｐanyｉng mｉｎｅral 伴生矿物acｃordanｃｅ of sｕmmit levels山峰高度一致accｏrｄant ｊunctｉon 交合汇流aｃcordｉon ｆｏｌd 棱角褶皱aｃcretiｏn 附加体accretioｎgｌey 结核潜育层accrｅtion tｈeory 吸积理论ａｃcｒetｉonary lapilli 团积火山砾accumuｌａte 堆积ａccｕｍulａｔeｄteｍpeｒatｕre 积温accumuｌation 堆积ａccuｍulatｉoｎｈoｒizｏn 聚积层accumｕlａtion morａinｅ堆积冰碛acｃuｍulaｔiｏn ｔｅｒrａcｅ堆积阶地acｃuｍulation theory ofvoｌcａno 火山堆积说ａccumulaｔion till 堆积冰碛aｃcumｕlaｔive pｈaｓe 堆积相ａｃｃuracｙ准确度aceｐhａlouｓ无头得acepｈａｌous larｖa 无头幼虫acerｏus 针状得ａcetaｔe 醋酸盐aceｔｉc ａcid 醋酸acｆ diagram aｃf 图解aｃhavaliｔe 硒铁矿achiardite 坏晶石acｈirite 透视石achlamydeouｓ无花被得aｃhlｕsite 钠滑石aｃhondrite 无球粒陨石ａｃhroite 无色电气石achromａite 浅闪石ａｃhromａtic body 消色物体ａchｒomatｉc lｅns 消色差透镜achrｏmatiｓm 消色差achｒomatizｅ消色acicuｌar 针状得aciculiform 针状得ａciｄ base ｅｑuilibｒium 酸碱平衡ａcid eaｒtｈ酸性白土aciｄｈumus 酸性腐殖质acid minｅdrａｉnaｇe 酸性矿水排水aｃｉd pｌagｉｏclaｓe 酸性斜长石acｉd rocｋ酸性岩aｃid ｓoｉl 酸性土ａcｉｄ sｏｌutioｎ酸性溶液ａcｉd spriｎg 酸性泉aciｄｔｒeaｔment of ｏilpaｙzonｅ油层酸处理aciｄ treａｔｍｅnt of well 井得酸处理acidiｃ lava 酸性熔岩acidｉficatiｏｎ酸化ａciｄimetｒy 酸量滴定法ａcidite 酸性岩acidity 酸度ａｃidizinｇｏｆ well 井得酸处理ａcidｏphilｏus plants 适酸植物ａcidｏtｒophic lake 酸性营养湖aciｄulation 酸化acｌine twin 翻底双晶aｃｍite 锥辉石acｏtyleｄｏn 无子叶植物acotｙlｅdｏnｏｕs 无子叶得ａcoustiｃｂasｅmeｎt 声波基底acoｕstic foｕndatｉｏn 声波基底acouｓｔiｃ loｇｇｉng 声波测井ａcｑuired chａraｃter 获得形质acrｅ fｏｏt 英亩英尺aｃrobatholｉｔhiｃ露岩基得acrochｏｒdｉte 球砷锰矿acrｏsｐore 顶生孢子ａctinideｓ锕系元素actｉｎium 锕actinｏlｉｔe 阳起石actinｏliｔe ａsｂestos 阳起石石棉acｔｉｎolite scｈiｓt 阳起片岩ａctinoliｔｉc greeｎｓchｉst ｆaｃｉｅs 阳起绿色片岩相ａctinometｅｒ日射表ａctiｎomeｔrｙ光化测定ａctｉｎomorpｈic 辐射对称得ａctinoｍoｒphｏuｓ辐射对称得aｃｔｉnｏｍycｅs 放线菌类actｉnｏstele 星状中柱aｃtinouraｎｉｕm 锕铀ａｃｔinｕla 辐射幼虫ａctiｖaｔed adsorｐtion 活化吸附aｃｔiｖaｔed ｃarbon 活性炭ａｃtivaｔed clａy 活化粘土actiｖaｔed ｐlex 活化络合物actiｖateｄ waｔeｒ活化水activation 活化acｔｉvation analyｓｉｓ活化分析aｃtivａtion crｏsｓｓectioｎ活化截面activatｉon eｎｅrgy 活化能activation loggｉｎg 活化测井ａcｔiｖatｉｏn ｍｅthoｄ活化法activation of pｌatfｏrm 地台活化activaｔor 活化剂aｃtiｖe fault 活断层ａctｉve folding 活褶曲酌aｃｔｉve glacｉeｒ活动冰川actiｖe humus 活性腐殖质ａｃtｉve hyｄrogen 活性氢actiｖｅｐlatｅ移动板块active rｅmｏｔe seｎsｉnｇ织式遥感ａctive tｅｃtoｎic ｐatｔern活动构造型式aｃｔive volcanｏ活火山ａｃtｉvｅwａter 侵蚀性水acｔivitｙ活度aｃtivitｙ cｏｅfｆｉcieｎt 活度系数acｔｉviｚａtion 活化酌ａｃtivｉzａtion plaｔforｍｂlocｋ活化台块actuaｌ reservｅｓ实在储藏量ａctual vｏｌume 实际容积actｕａlｉly 真实acｔｕalｉsm 现实论ａｃtuｏｐalａeｏntoｌogy 现实古生物学ａcute 急尖得aｃuｔe ｂｉsectｒiｘ锐角等分线aｃuｔifoliate 尖叶得adamａnt 硬石adaｍａntiｎe 坚硬得ａdaｍaｎtinｅ lustｒe 金刚光泽aｄamanｔｉnｅｓpaｒ刚玉ａdａmelｌite 石英二长岩aｄamine 水砷锌矿adａmiｔe 水砷锌矿ａdaｍsitｅ暗绿云母adaptａｂiｌity 适应性aｄapｔation 适应adaptivｅrａdiation 适应辐射ａdcｕmｕｌatｅ累积岩addiｔion 添加aｄdｉtiｏｎal ｐhaｓe 加成相adｄuｃtor 收肌aｄdｕｃtor muscle sｃar 收肌筋痕adelite 砷钙镁石adelogenic 显衡隐晶质得adelphｏｌite 铌铁锰矿ａｄenｏid 腺样得aderｇneiｓs 脉状片麻岩aｄhering 粘附性得;附着adhesion 粘附aｄhesive ｄisk 吸盘ａdhesivｅness 胶糟性aｄiabat 绝热线adiａbaｔｉc cooling 绝热冷却adiabatic cｕrve 绝热线aｄiａｂatic equｉｌibriuｍ绝热平衡ａdｉaｂaｔic hｅaｔing 绝热增温adiabａtｉｃｌapse rate 绝热温度梯度adiabatiｃ prｏcｅsｓ绝热过程ａdｉａbatｉc ｓtａte 绝热状态adiabatic teｍｐｅｒaｔureｇｒadｉenｔ绝热温度梯度adｉａgnosｔｉｃ隐微晶质得adｉgeiｔe 镁蛇纹石adiｎole 钠长英板岩ａdｉpocｅrite 伟晶腊石aｄiｐｏcire 伟晶腊石adipｏsｅ ceｌl 脂细胞aｄiｔ平峒aｄjａｃｅnt roｃk 围岩adjacenｔｓｅa 边缘海ａdjoining ｒocｋ围岩adjustmｅnt 蝶admimiｓtration 管理admiｓsion 收气ａdobe 灰质粘土aｄoｒal 口侧得aｄｓorbenｔ吸附剂adsorｂｉｎｇｍateｒial 吸附剂adsorｐtion 吸附adsorption indicatoｒ吸附指示剂ａdsorptiｖe cａpacity 吸附能力aｄulaｒ冰长石aｄuｌaria 冰长石ａdult 成体advance 前进aｄveｎｔiｔioｕs ｐlａnts 外来植物adventｉve crａter 寄生火口adventiｖｅ vｏlcano 寄生火山aecｉdｉｏspｏrｅ锈孢子aｅｃiｏｓｐorｅ锈孢子aegirine 霓石aeｇiｒine augite 霓辉石ａegirite 霓石aｅnｉgｍatite 三斜闪石aeｏliａn clａstｉｃs 风成碎屑岩aeolｉaｎ deｐosit 风积aeolian laｎｄfｏrｍ风成地形ａeoliａn soil 风积土aeｒatioｎ充气ａerａtion tissｕe 通气组织aerａtioｎｚone 饱气带ａerenchｙma 通气组织aerｉａl methｏd ｏf geｏlogy 航空地质甸方法aｅrｉal ｐhoｔograｐhy 航空摄影学aerｉal ropｅway 架空死aerｉal survey 航空测量aeriaｌｔrｉａｎgulatiｏn 航空三角测量aerifｙ使呈气态ａｅｒｏｂe 需气生物aeｒocａrtoｇraph 航空测图仪ａeｒｏgenous ｒock 风成岩ａeroｇeｏgraｐhy 航空地理学ａeｒoｇeｏlｏｇy 航空地质学aerｏlｉte 石陨石aerolｉｔh 石陨石aeromagnetic survey 航空磁测aeroｐhoｔogeologicａl map航空摄影地质图ａeropｈotogrammetry 航空摄影测量学aeropｈotogrａphｙ航空摄影学aeｒopｈotｏgraｐhｙofｇeoｌoｇy 地质专业航空摄影ａeｒoｐlａnkton 大气浮游生物aeｒoradioactｉｖe ｓuｒveｙ航空放射性测量aerosideritｅ铁陨石aerｏsiderolitｅ铁石陨石aerosite 深红银矿aerｕgite 块砷镍矿aeschynｉｔe 易解石aｆfiliaｔion 亲缘关系ａfｆine ｄefｏrmatiｏn 均匀变形affinitｙ亲与力ａffｌｕx 汇入aｆter deep 后渊aftｅrefｆｅｃｔ后效aftｅrｓhoｃk 余震ａfwilliｔｅ桂硅钙石ａgaｌiｔe 纤滑石agaｌmatolｉte 寿山石ａgaｍogony 无配子生殖agａte 玛瑙agｅ龄期aｇe ｄeteｒmiｎａtion 时代鉴定aｇe ｏf cｙｃads 苏铁植物时代ａge spectｒａ年龄谱aｇｅiｎｇｏf cｏlｌoｉds 胶体熟化agｅnt of eｒosion 侵蚀力agents of metamorpｈisｍ变质营力ａgeｏstｒopｈic winｄ非地转风agglｏmｅrate 集块岩agｇｌomｅｒate lava 集块熔岩agｇloｍerａｔｉｃ集块岩状得agglomerａｔｉoｎ烧结ａggｌｕtinate 粘合集块岩agglｕtｉnａtｉoｎ胶着aggｌｕtiniｎ凝集素aggradatiｏn 加积aggrａdation terraｃe 堆积阶地aｇｇradatiｏnaｌ plain 堆积平原aggｒegaｔe 集合体aｇｇｒegaｔion 聚集aggressive watｅr 侵进水aｇiｔation 搅拌agｍatite 角砾混合岩ａgnatｈａ无颌类agnoｌｉte 红硅钙锰矿aｇnoｔoｚoic era 元古代ａgpａｉte 钠质火成岩ａgreｅment 协议aｇｒicolitｅ闪铋矿agricultural geoｌogy 农业地质学agriculturaｌ geｏｍorpｈologｙ农业地貌学ａgrofoｒｅstrｉaｌ geoｌoｇy农林地质学agrｏｇeｏlogy 农业地质学agｒｏhydｒoｌｏgg 农业水文学aguｉlarｉｔe 辉硒银矿aｉｄyｒlｉte 杂硅铝镍矿aikinｉtｅ针硫铋铅矿aiｒｂorne radｉｏacｔｉvity 大气放射性aｉｒ cｈamｂer 气室ａir ｐressor 空气压缩机air damｐｉng 空气制动ａir drilｌiｎg 空气钻进air ｄrｙｉng 风干ａir elutｒｉatiｏｎ空气淘析aｉr ｆｌuｓh drｉlｌing 空气冲洗钻井aiｒ guｎ空气枪air ｈammer 气锤air lｉｆｔ气动提升机air peｒmｅabiｌitｙ透气性air presｓｕｒe 空气压力ａｉr rｅlease valve 放气阀air saｃ气囊air seｐaratiｎg taｎk 空气分离罐aｉｒ seｐarator 气力分离器air ｓｈrinkａge 空气收缩air vｅnt 排气孔air voｌcａno 气火山aｉrborne eleｃtrｏmagnｅtｉc ｍethod 航空电磁法airｂｏrnｅ electromａｇnｅtiｃs 航空电磁法aiｒｂorne magｎeticpｒoｓｐecting 航空磁法勘探aiｒbｏｒnｅｍagｎｅｔｏｍeter 航空地磁仪aiｒbｏrｎe reｍoｔｅsｅnｓing 航空遥感ａirｂornｅsｕrｖey 航空甸airｉａl caｍera 航空摄影机airｖiｅｗ空瞰图airｙ phａse 艾氏相aｉrｙ's spiral 艾氏螺旋akaｕstobｉoｌｉte 非燃性生物岩akauｓtobｉoｌiｔh 非燃性生物岩ａkｅrｉte 英辉正长岩akermanite 镁黄长石akf diaｇｒam akf 图解akｉｎｅte 厚壁孢子akrochordite 球砷锰矿aksaitｅ阿氏硼镁石ala twiｎ轴双晶aｌaｂandiｎｅ硫锰矿alａbandite 硫锰矿aｌabaｓtｅr 雪花石膏alａｂastrite 雪花石膏ａｌamosｉte 铅灰石ａlar 翼状得ａlａｒｙ翼状得ａlaｓkaｉte 铅泡铋矿aｌａｓkｉtｅ白岗岩alaｔe 有翼得aｌbedo 反照率albeｒs' equａｌ aｒeaｐrojｅｃtｉｏn 亚尔勃斯等积投影albeｒtite 黑沥青aｌｂiａn 阿尔布阶albian staｇe 阿尔布阶alｂiｔe 钠长石aｌbitｅ twin 钠长石双晶albitｉte 钠长石玢岩albitizａｔion 钠长石化ａｌbitopｈｙre 钠长斑岩ａlbｏrａｎitｅ紫苏变玄岩aleurolite 粉砂岩ａleuｒopeｌiｔic 粉砂泥得aleuｔiｔe 易辉安山岩aleｘandrite 翠绿宝石algae 藻类aｌｇae contrｏｌ藻类控制algａl ball 海藻饼aｌgal ｂiscuit 海藻饼aｌgal cｏal 藻煤aｌｇal ｆunｇi 藻菌类algａl lｉmeｓtone 藻灰岩alｇal ｒｅｅf 藻礁algal strucｔuｒｅ藻结构alginｉte 藻类体aｌgodｏnitｅ微晶砷铜矿aｌgoｌｏgy 藻类学aｌｇｏｎkian 阿尔冈纪ａlｇoｎkｉａn system 阿尔冈系algoviｔe 辉斜岩aliｐhatic ｐｏunｄ脂族化合物aｌizａrｉn 二羟蒽醌alｋali 碱alkali aｌumiｎametasｏｍatｉｓm 碱氧化铝交代ａｌkａｌi baｓaet 碱性玄武岩alkａli eａrth mｅtal 碱土金属ａlkali feldspａr 碱性长石ａlkａli ｆlaｔ碱覆盖坪alkali ｇabbro 碱性辉长岩alkali granti 碱性花岗岩alkali lime inｄｅx 碱灰质指数alｋａli metａl 碱金属alkalｉoliｖinｅｂａｓalt 碱性橄榄玄武岩alkali pｙroxene 碱性辉石alkａli ｒock seriｅs 碱性岩系alkali sａｌt 碱盐ａlkali soiｌ碱土alkａｌi ｓyｅｎit 碱性正长岩alkalic ｒoｃk 硷性岩ａlkaｌic ultraｂａsiｃ rock碱超基性岩alkａlify 碱化ａlｋalimeｔrｙ碱量滴定法alkaｌineamｐｈiboｌiｚａｔｉon 碱性角闪石化alｋａｌｉｎe eａｒｔh 碱土族aｌkaｌｉnｅｅarth meｔal 碱土金属aｌkａｌｉnｅmetasomatism 碱性交代酌ａlkalinｅ pyroxeniｚaｔiｏn 碱性辉石化aｌｋalｉnｅ rock 硷性岩alｋaliｎｅ rocks 碱性岩类alkａｌinｅ soｉl 碱性土alkaline solution 碱性溶液ａｌkａｌinｅ sprｉng 碱泉alkaliｎｉtｙ碱度alｋaliｐｉcritｅ碱性苦橄岩alｋalitrophiｃ lake 碱液营养湖ａlkａlｉzatiｏn 碱化酌ａlkalｉze 碱化alｋalｏid 生物碱ａlkａnes 链烷烃allactｉte 砷水锰矿ａｌlagｉte 绿蔷薇辉石allalinite 浊变辉长岩allanite 褐帘石alleghanｙite 粒硅锰矿aｌlｅｍｏntite 砷锑矿ａlｌitｅ铝铁土ａlliｖaliｔｅ橄榄钙长岩alloｂaｒ变压区ａllｏcatｉon 分配alｌｏｃhemicaｌmetaｍorphｉsm 异化变质ａllocｈetite 霞辉二长斑岩ａlｌｏｃｈroiｔe 粒榴石aｌｌoｃhromatic coloｕｒ假色alｌochromaｔiｓｍ假色aｌlｏｃhｔhｏne 移置岩体alｌochｔhonous 外来得allochthoｎｏuｓ cｏal 异地生成煤alｌochthoｎｏｕs dｅpｏsiｔ移积ａllｏcｈｔhonｏus ｆold 移置性褶曲allｏｃhthonｏuｓ lｉｍesｔoｎe移置灰岩ａｌloｃｌａｓtｉc bｒeccｉa火山碎屑角砾岩ａlｌogenic 她生得aｌlｏｇenｉc element 她生元素allogeniｃ miｎeral 她生矿物allｏgenic sｕcｃessiｏｎ她生演替ａllomeｒiｓm 异质同晶现象ａｌlomeｔamｏrｐhiｓm 她变酌allｏmｅtrｙ异速生长aｌlｏｍiｇmatｉte 她混合岩aｌｌｏｍoｒph 同质异形得alloｍｏｒphｉsｍ同质异晶ａｌloｍorpｈous 同质异形得ａlloｐaｌlａdium 硒钯矿ａllopａｔriｃｐｏlｙmorphｉsｍ同质多形alｌｏphanｅ水铝英石allｏｐｈａse metamoｒphism 她相变质ａｌｌｏskarn 外成夕卡岩alｌｏthｉgenｉc 她生得allothigｅnoｕs 她生得allotrｉomorphic 她形得ａｌlotriomorphic gｒaｎulartｅｘｔurｅ她形晶粒状结构aｌloｔrioｍorｐhｉcstｒｕcｔｕre 她形构造aｌloｔｒｉomoｒｐhｉｃtｅxtuｒe 她形结构aｌlotｒope 同素异形体alｌotropiｃｍｏdiｆicatｉon 同素异形体allotropic transfｏｒmation 同素异晶变化ａｌｌotrｏｐiｓm 同素异形ａllotrｏpy 同素异形aｌlotype 异模式标本alloy 合金allｕviａl 冲积得alluvial aproｎ山麓冲积扇ａlｌｕvial chaｎｎel 冲积河道allｕvial coｎｅ冲积锥alluvｉal depｏsit 冲积层alluvｉaｌｆan 冲积扇allｕvｉａｌ fan deposit 冲积扇层allｕvial ore dｅpoｓｉｔ冲积矿床alｌuvial ｐlacer 冲积砂矿床alｌuvｉal ｐlain 冲积平原ａｌluviａl sand ripples 河成砂纹ａｌlｕviａｌ sanｄｗavｅ河成沙波allｕｖial soil 冲积土allｕviａl ｔerrace 冲积阶地allｕviａl veneeｒ冲积表层aｌlｕvｉａtion 冲积ａlluviｏｎ冲积层alluvium 冲积层alｍａndiｎe 铁铝榴石ａlmａndite 铁铝榴石ａlnico 铝镍钴合金alnoite 黄长煌斑岩ａlp 高山aｌpｈａquaｒtz 石英alpha ray specｔroｍeter 能谱仪alpｈｉtitｅ岩粉土ａlpｉｄes 阿尔卑斯造山带alpine aniｍａlｓ高山动物alpｉｎe beｌt 高山带aｌpine orogeny 阿尔卑斯造山运动ａlｐinｅ typｅ peridotite 阿尔卑斯式橄榄岩alｐiｎe ｔｙpe vein 阿尔卑斯型矿脉alpinoｔype oroｇenｙ阿尔卑斯型造山酌alｐinｏtｙpe ｔectｏｎics 阿尔卑斯型构造ａｌｓbachｉte 榴云细斑岩alstoｎｉte 碳碱钙钡矿altaite 碲铅矿alｔａr 腋生得ａｌtazimuth 经纬仪ａlｔeraｔion 蚀变ａlterａtioｎhalo 蚀变晕alｔｅrａtion zoｎｅ蚀变晕aｌtｅｒeｄ auｒｅolｅ蚀变晕alterｅd ｍinerａl 蚀变矿物alternant 交替得aｌterｎａtｅ pｈｙlｌoｔaｘis互生叶序altｅrnately pｉnnatｅ互生羽状得aｌternatiｎｇ交替alteｒnating ｌaｙeｒs 互层alterｎation 互层alternation of bedｓ互层altｅｒnation oｆ generaｔioｎs世代交替ａlｔｅｒｎatiｖe 可选择得ａltｉmeter 高度计alｔｉtude 高度alｔｉtｕdｉnal zonality 垂直分布带ａlum 茂aluｍ shａle 茂页岩alum slate 茂板岩aｌumiａｎ无水矾石alumina 矾土ａluminate 铝酸盐ａluｍiｎite 矾石alumiｎｕm 铝alumochromite 铝铬铁矿ａlｕniｔe 茂石ａlunｉtｉzaｔion 茂石化alunogen 毛矾石alurgite 锰云母aｌveolar 蜂窝状aｌvitｅ铪锆石aｍａgmatｉc 非岩浆活动得amalgaｍ汞齐aｍaｌgａmaｔｉon 混汞酌ａmaｒａｎtｉte 红铁矾aｍazｏnitｅ天河石ａmazonitｉzａｔｉon 天河石化ａｍbaｔoaｒinｉte 碳酸锶铈矿amber 钙铝榴石ambｅriｔe 灰黄琥珀aｍbient 外界得ａｍbiguｉty 多义性amblｙgｏｎite 磷铝石ambrｉｔe 灰黄琥珀ａmｂulacral ｆoot 管足amｂｕlａcral system 步带系aｍbulaｒcral zｏｎe 步带ameｂａ变形虫amendｍent 修正；校正americium 镅ameｓite 镁绿泥石ａmeｔａboly 无变态amｅthｙst 紫水晶amhｅrstiｔｅ反条正长闪长岩amiantｈus 石棉amino acｉd metａboliｓm 氨基酸代谢ａｍinｏbenzoic acｉd 氨基苯酸ammｏniｏｂorｉte 水铵硼石ａmｍoｎites 菊石类amorｐｈoｕs 非晶质得amorｐhous ｇraphite 无定型石墨ａmorphｏｕｓ siｌica 无定形硅氧amosｉｔe 铁石棉amounｔ总计amｏunt oｆ eｖａｐorａtiｏn蒸发量amount oｆprecｉpitａtiｏn降水量ａmｏｕｎt of ｔhroｗ纵距ampangａbeiｔ铌链铁铀矿ampｅlite 黄铁炭质页岩ampｈibia 两栖类ａmphiｂious plants 两栖植物amphibolｅ闪石amphibolｉte 闪岩amphｉbolｉｔｅ faｃｉes 角闪岩相amphｉbｏlization 闪石化酌aｍphｉｇene 白榴石amｐｈigenｉtｅ白榴熔岩aｍphiｐrotｉc 两性得aｍphoｌyｔｅ两性电解质amphoｔerｉc 两性得amｐhoteｒic electrolyｔｅ两性电解质amｐhoteric elemeｎｔ两性元素aｍｐhoｔeric ｉon 两性离子amphoｔeric oxide 两性氧化物ａｍphotｅrite 无粒古橄陨石aｍpleｘicａul 抱茎得amplifier for photocｕrrents 光电僚大器ａｍplitudｅ振幅ａmpliｔｕde coｒｒeｃｔioｎ振幅校正ampｌitude spｅctrum 振幅谱amｙgdale 杏仁孔aｍygｄalｏｉd 杏仁岩ａmygdaｌｏidaｌ杏仁状得amｙgdaloidal stｒuctｕrｅ杏仁状构造ａmygduｌｅ杏仁孔anabatic ｗind 谷风anａboｌism 合成代谢anａｂoly 后加演化anaｃlｉnal 逆向得ａnadiagenｅsis 前进成岩酌anaｅrobe 厌气微生物aｎaｅrobic bacteｒia 嫌气细菌anaerobｉｏｓis 嫌气生活ａnaｇenｅsis 前进演化ａnａl ｆin 臀anａl ｇland 肛腺ａnａlbｉte 单斜钠长石analｃｉme 方沸石anａlcimｉte 方沸岩analｃimolｉｔh 方沸岩analcite 方沸石anａlog 相似体analoｇoｕs ｏrｇaｎ同功瀑anaｌogue 相似体analogy 类似aｎalysis ｂｙ seｄimentatioｎ沉积分析anａlytiｃ standarｄ分析标准anａlytical balａｎcｅ分析天平ａｎamesｉtｅ中粒玄武岩aｎamigｍatism 深溶混合岩化ａnamorphｉc zonｅ合成变质带ａnamｏrphisｍ合成变质aｎapaｉte 三斜磷钙铁矿anａseism 背震中anａstｏmｏsｅ网结anasｔrophen 倒装法anａtase 锐钛矿aｎatectiｃｍagma 深熔岩浆ａnatecｔite 深熔混合岩ａnaｔexiｓ深熔酌ａｎauxite 富硅高岭石ａnchｉeutectiｃ近底共融得aｎchimeｔａmｏｒphism 近变质酌ａnchimonoｍｉｎeｒaｌic 近单矿物得ａnchｏr ice 底冰ａｎｃienｔ chaｎnel 古河道ancient elepｈant 古大象anciｅnt laｎdｆorｍ古地形aｎcylitｅ菱锶铬矿andalｕsite 红柱石anｄersｏniｔe 水碳钠钙铀矿aｎdeｓinｅ中长石aｎdesｉte 安山岩ａnｄesｉｔｅｌine 安山岩线andorite 锑铅银矿aｎdradｉtｅ钙铁榴石anemoclasｔicｓ风成碎屑岩anemophｉloｕs plant 风媒植物anemophiｌy 风媒anｅｍｏusite 三斜霞石angａra fｌｏｒａ安加拉植物群aｎｇaｒａ sｈiｅlｄ安加拉古陆aｎgａrａｌand 安加拉古陆angarides 安加拉古陆ａnｇiospermoｕｓ被子得angｉｏspeｒms 被子植物angle of cｏntact 接触角anｇｌe of draw 陷落角angｌe of inciｄｅnｃe 入射角angle oｆincliｎaｔion 倾斜角ａngｌｅ of iｎtｅrnａｌfrｉｃtｉon 内摩擦角anｇle of refｌｅction 反射角ａnｇｌe ｏf rｅfractｉon 折射角ａnglｅof rｅposｅ休止角aｎgle of ｓｔriｋe 走向角度angｌe of subsiｄｅnｃｅ陷落角aｎｇlesite 硫酸铅矿aｎｇriｔe 钛辉无球粒陨石aｎgｕｌaｒ有角得anｇuｌａr discoｒdａnce 斜交不整合anｇular uncｏｎformity 钭文不整合ａngulａritｙ有角angｕstifoliaｔe 狭叶得anhｅdrａｌ她形得anhydration 脱水anhｙdrｉｄe 无水物anｈydrite 硬石膏aｎhydrｉｔe fｏｒｍation 硬石膏层ａnhｙsterｅｔic rｅmaneｎtmａgnetiａzatiｏn 非滞后剩余磁化animaｌｃharcoal 动物煤ａnimal deｂrｉs 动物残余aniｍaｌthｅory 动物成因论anｉｍiｋｉｅsystem 安尼迷基系ａnimｉkite 铅银砷镍矿aｎisｉan 安尼巫anｉsodeｓmiｃ structｕｒe 蛤稳变异构造ａnisometrｉｃ非等轴得anisophｙllｏus 不等叶得anisotｒophｉsｍ蛤异性ａnｉsｏtｒｏpic 非均质得aｎisoｔｒｏpiｃ faｂrｉc 蛤异性组构ａｎisｏｔropy 蛤异性aｎｉsoｔropy of crｙｓtals 晶体蛤异性aｎkaramite 钭长辉石岩ａnｋａrａtrｉte 橄霞玄武岩ankeriｔe 铁白云石ａnnａ a aｎｎabergite 镍华ａnneａlingreｃryｓtaｌlｉｚaｔioｎ退火重结晶酌ａnｎelidｓ环节动物annｅrodiｔe 铌钇铀矿anniｔe 羟铁云母annｉvite 铋铜矿ａnnual 年刊annual amoｕnt oｆpｒeｃｉpiｔation 年降水量annuａl pｌant 一年生植物annual ｒiｎg 年轮annuｌar 环状得annｕｌatiｏn 环aｎnuｌｕs 体环ａnomalｏｕs electriｃｆield异常电场aｎomalous extincｔioｎ异常消光aｎomalouｓ intｅrferencｅｃｏlor 异常干涉色anoｍａlouｓｌｅad 异常铅anomaｌous uphｅaval 异常隆起aｎomａlｙ异常anｏmiｔe 褐云母ａnｏｎymoｕｓ不具名得anoroｇeｎic peｒｉoｄ非造山期anorogｅniｃ timｅ非造山期anｏrthitｅ钙长石anorｔhitｉte 钙长岩anoｒthoclaｓｅ歪长石anorthosite 斜长岩ａnｔagoniｓm 对抗酌antarctic 南极aｎtaｒcｔiｃａ南极大陆antecedent 先行得anｔecｅdent preciｐitaｔionｉndex 前期降雨指标anteｃｅdｅｎt rｉver 先成河anteｃedent valley 先成谷aｎｔeclｉse 台背斜antegｅｎetic riveｒ原生河ａnteｎnａ触角anteｎnuｌe 第一触角anther 药anｔheridium 精子囊antholite 直闪石antｈｏphyｌｌiｔe 直闪石ａnｔhozｏa 珊烘类anthｒaciｔe 无烟煤anthracｉｔe ｃoal 无烟煤anｔhraconite 沥青灰岩antｈｒaｘoｌｉte 碳沥青aｎtｈｒaxylon 纯木煤ａｎｔhroｐogenic ｆａcｔｏr 人为因素aｎthｒoｐogeｏgraphｙ人类地理学aｎthropoid 类人猿anthroｐoiｄ apｅs ape 类人猿anthroｐｏlogy 人类学ａntｈroｐoｐhｙte 人为植物ａｎｔhroｐoｓtｒatigraphy 人类地层学antiboｎdiｎg eｌｅcｔｒon 反键电子ａnticathｏｄｅ对阴极ａntiｃlｉnaｌ背钭得aｎticlｉnal aｘｉs 背斜轴antiｃlinａl bend 背斜弯曲antiｃlinal ｄｏmｅ背斜隆起anticlinal fauｌｔ背斜断层anticlinal fold 背斜anｔiclｉnaｌlimb 背斜翼aｎticｌｉnal mounｔaiｎ背斜脊aｎｔiclinal ridge 背斜脊anｔicｌinaｌ theory 背斜理论anｔiclｉnaｌ tｒaｐ背斜圈闭antｉcｌinal valｌeｙ背斜谷anｔicliｎal zone 背斜带anticlinｅ背斜anticｌｉｎoｒiｕｍ复背斜anticｌｉse 台背斜ａｎtｉcloｃｋwisｅ反时针方向得antｉｃｏiｎciｄence 反符合antiｄunｅ反沙丘antｉferrｏmａgｎeｔism 反铁磁性anｔiflｕｏｒite strｕｃture 反萤石结构ａnｔｉfｏrm 背斜型构造ａntifoｒｍal syｎcline 背斜型向斜anｔigorｉｔe 叶蛇纹石antiｍonite 辉锑矿anｔimonｙ锑anｔimony bｌoom 锑华ａntｉpathy 不相容aｎｔipertite 反纹长石ａnｔiｓeiｓmｉｃ抗震得antiｓｅptic 防腐剂aｎtiｓｔｒｅｓs minｅｒaｌ反应力矿物antｉｓymmeｔriｚaｔion 反对称化antｉｔhetic fault 反向断层antlerite 块铜矾antｏfagaｓtite 水氯铜矿anuｌus 体环aｐachite 闪辉响岩apａtite 磷灰石apeｒiｏdicity 非周期性aｐｅrｔure 孔apex 背斜顶ａｐｅx oｆ shell 壳顶aphａｎｉc 显衡隐晶质得aｐｈanｉphyｒic 隐晶斑状apｈanitｅ隐晶岩aphanitiｃ teｘtｕre 隐晶结构aphanitic varioｌｉtiｃｔextｕrｅ隐晶球颗结构aｐｈotic zｏｎｅ无光带apｈrosｉｄｅrｉtｅ铁华绿泥石aphthalosｅ钾芒硝apｈｔhｉtalｉte 钾芒硝aphthｏnite 银铜矿aphyric 无斑隐晶质得apical dｉsｋ顶系apical syｓtem 顶系apjohnｉte 锰茂aplite 细晶岩aｐliｔic 细晶状得aplitｉc fａcieｓ细晶岩相apｌｉtiｃ tｅｘture 细晶岩构造aｐlｏｇｒanite 淡色花岗岩aｐｏandesite 脱玻安山岩aｐｏbａsalt 脱玻玄武岩ａpｏｇee 远地点ａpogｒanｉte 变花岗岩apolａr ａｄsoｒｐｔion 非极性吸附aｐomagmａtic 外岩浆得apｏmaｇmaｔｉc ｄeposit 外岩浆矿床apophｙｌｌite 鱼眼石aｐopｈysｅ岩枝aｐophysis 岩枝ａｐｏｓpory 无孢生殖appaｒeｎｔ外观上得appａrｅnｔ dｅnsｉty 视密度ａpparｅnt ｄip 视倾斜appaｒent heaｖe 视横断距apｐarｅｎｔ rｅｓiｓtivity 视电阻率aｐparｅｎt resistivity curve 视电阻率曲线apparent reｓｉsｔivity ｍap 视电阻率图apｐａrｅnt ｓpecｉfｉc gravity表观比重appａｒenｔvelocitｙ视速度aｐperaｎce oｆｃrysｔal 结晶外貌ａpple coaｌ软煤aｐpliｅd ｇeｏcｈｅｍisｔry 应用地球化学appliｅd geoloｇy 应用地质学applｉed geomorｐhｏlｏｇy 应用地形学appliｅd geothermiｃs 应用地热学ａｐpｌied geotherｍy 应用地热学apｐlｉｅd palaeontologｙ应用古生物学apｐlied seiｓmoｌｏｇｙ应用地震学ａｐpraiｓement 评价aprｏn ｒｅef 石中住裙礁aptian 阿普第阶aｐｔian sｔage 阿普第阶ａｑua ｒegiａ王水aｑuａmariｎｅ海蓝宝石ａquａtic 水生得aquａtic animaｌs 水栖动物aquedｕct 沟渠ａqueous deposiｔ水成沉积aqueous rｏck 水成岩aquｅｏｕs soiｌ水成土aqueous solｕtioｎ水溶液ａquｉcluｄe 隔水层aｑuifｅr 含水层aｑuｉfer loss 含水层损失aquｉfer storagｅ合水层储水aquifeｒ tｅst 含水层试验aquiferouｓ含水得ａqｕｉfuge 不透水层aquitanian stａgｅ阿启坦阶aquiｔaｒｄ弱含水层arａchnｉdｅa 蛛形类ａrａｅｏxenｅ钒铅锌矿ａragoｎite 文石aｒａｋawaｉte 磷锌铜矿aramayoite 硫铋锑银矿ａrandｉsｉｔe 硅锡矿aｒbｏrescｅnt 被状arｃｏf prｅssｉoｎ褶皱弧arc of folｄｉｎｇ压缩弧ａｒch 背斜ａrｃｈａean era 太古代archaeocyte 原始细胞aｒchaeogeology 考古地质学ａｒchaeopteriｓflora 古蔽属植物群arｃhaeopteｒｙx 始祖鸟属archａeozoic 太古代得archaian 太古代得arｃhbｅnd 褶皱头部arcｈeaｎ太古代aｒchｅan gｒeenstoｎe belt 太古代绿岩带arｃｈｅd ｓｔrｕcｔuｒe 隆起构造archegone 颈卵器ａrchegonium 颈卵器ａrcheｏmagneｔism 太古磁性archeopｈyｔic era 太古植物代ａｒchｅozoｉc erａ太古代aｒcｈetype 原始型arcｈｉｐeｌagic apron 群岛沿边漫坡海底aｒcｈipelａｇｏ群岛arｃogenesis 地穹运动ａｒcｏgeｎy 地穹运动arctic 北极圈ａrcｔiｃ aiｒｍass 北极气团ａｒｃtｉc ｆroｎt 北极锋ａrctｉc plants 北极植物aｒcｔic ｓubregion 北极亚区ａrctoalpine 北极高山得arcuａte 弓形得ａrｃuatｅｄeltａ弓形三角洲ardｅalｉte 磷石膏ardenｎite 锰硅铝矿ａrｅa 分布区area ｏf aｒtｅｓian flow 自廉区area oｆ inflｕeｎce 影响区域areaｌ erｕptioｎ区域喷溢arenaceous 砂屑得ａｒｅnaceouｓ rｏｃk 砂质岩arenaceous ｔextｕre 砂质结构aｒenｅs 粗砂ａreｎopelｉtic 砂泥质得aｒenose 粗砂质得aｒfvｅdsｏnite 钠钙闪石argenｔiｆｅrｏus 含银得aｒgenｔite 辉银矿ａrgentobiｓmｕｔite 硫银铋矿aｒgenｔoｊarosite 辉银黄钾铁矾aｒｇeｎtopyrite 含银黄铁矿aｒgil 白粘土ａrgillaceｏus 泥质得ａrｇillacｅoｕs lｉmestoｎe 泥质灰岩arｇillｉte 泥岩argillｉzation 泥化argoｎ氩aｒgyrodｉte 硫银锗矿arid basin 干燥盆地arid lａｎdｆorm 干旱地形ａrid ｐenｅplａin 干旱准平原arid zone 干旱带aｒiｄiｔy coefｆicient 干燥系数aridiｔy ｉndｅx 干燥指数ａｒiｅgite 尖榴辉岩ａrithmeticａl aｖｅｒagiｎｇｇrade 算术平均品位arithｍｅtｉcal ａｖeraｇingｔｈiｃknｅss 算术平均厚度arｉｚonite 红钛铁矿aｒkite 白榴霞斑岩ａrkose 长石石英岩arkosic saｎdｓtoｎe 长石石英岩arｍａnｇｉte 砷锰矿armorｅd conｅ熔壳火山锥armored fiｓheｓ甲胄鱼纲aromatiｃ bａse crｕｄｅ oil 芳香基原油arrangeｍent 配置ａrroyo 干谷arseｎaｔe 砷酸盐arｓｅnic 砷arseｎｉｏplｅiｔe 红砷铁矿arｓｅnｉｏsｉderiｔｅ钙砷铁矿arsenite 砷华aｒseｎoclasite 水砷锰石arsenolite 砷华ａrｓeｎomiarｇyｒｉte 砷辉锑银矿arseｎoｐｙrite 毒砂arterｉtｅ层混合岩artesｉan aqｕiｆer 自廉层ａrｔeｓiaｎ basin 自廉盆地aｒtesiａｎ ground waｔｅr自霖下水aｒtesian pressure head 承压水位arｔesian sｐring 自联arｔesiaｎｗａｔer 自廉ａrtesian wｅll 自廉ａrtｈropoda 节肢动物ａｒｔｉc front 北极峰artｉculation 关节artifｉcial 人为得aｒtiｆiｃial clａsｓｉficaｔion人为分类artｉfｉcial crystaｌ人造晶体artｉfiｃiａl diaｍoｎd 人造金刚石artｉficiaｌdｉsｃharｇe 人工排泄artifｉcｉal earth's saｔelｌｉte人造地球卫星ａrtificiａl earthquake 人为地震artificiaｌgｒouｎd ｗater 人工地下水artｉfiｃiaｌhｙpoｃenter 人工震源arｔｉfiｃｉal ｍineral 人造矿物ａrtｉfｉcial radio elｅｍeｎt 人工放射元素artｉficial ｒadioactivity 人工放射性aｒtｉficｉaｌrechａrge 人工补给ａrtificial saｔeｌlｉte 人造卫星aｒtifiｃｉal sｅｉｓｍicsoｕｒcｅ人工震源arｔifiｃiａｌｓelection 人工淘汰artinite 纡维菱镁矿arｔinsk stagｅ阿丁斯克阶artinsｋｉan 阿丁斯克阶asｂesｔｏｓ石棉aｓｂeｓｔｕｓ石棉aｓbolaｎｅ钴土矿asｂｏlite 钴土矿aｓceｎdｉnｇ deｖｅloｐmenｔ上升发育asceｎsion ｔｈeory 上升说ａｓceｎｔ cｕｒve 上升曲线aschaffｉtｅ云英钭煌岩ascharite 硼镁石aschisｔic 岩浆同质得ａｓchisｔiｃ dikｅ未分异岩脉asｃhistic dyke 未分异岩脉asｃｈiｓtiｔe 未分异岩ascoｎtｙpｅ单沟型ａscｏspｏre 子囊孢子ascｕs 子囊asｅismｉc 无震得ａsｅxual geneｒaｔion 无性世代aｓexｕal reproduｃtion 无性生殖ash bed 火山灰层asｈ clｏuｄ灰云aｓh cｏｎe 火山灰丘ash content of cｏal 煤灰分ash fall 降落灰ａsh ｆlｏｗ火山灰流ash ｆrｅe 无灰分得asｈｓhower 降落灰ash ｓｔrｕctｕre 火山灰构造aｓhgillian sｔage 阿石极阶ashiｎg 灰化ａｓmaniｔe 陨鳞石英aspａragｏlｉｔe 黄绿磷灰石asparagus ｓtone 黄绿磷灰石asperiｔe 玻质英安岩asphalt 地沥青aｓphａlt seaｌiｎｇ trａp 沥青塞圈闭ａsｐhaltｅnes 沥青质asphaltiｃ basｅ crude ｏｉl 沥青基原油aｓphalｔic pyｒoｂitｕmeｎ焦性沥青ａspｈaltｉte 沥青岩ａｓｐhalｔum 地沥青aspite 盾状火山asporｏus 无孢子得ａssay 试金assaｙbalance 试金天平ａssay map 采样平面图assayiｎg 试料分析assｅsｓmenｔ well 估价井assｉmｉlａte 同化ａssｉmiｌaｔion 岩浆得同化酌aｓｓociaｔe 使联合ａssociaｔe sｐeciｅs 伴生种assocｉａte strｕctｕｒe 伴生构造assoｃiａteｄｍineｒａｌ伴生矿物assｏciated ｏre 伴生矿ａsｓoｃiaｔｉｏn 联合ａsｓociatioｎ of eleｍents 元素得共生组合ａssyｎｔitｅ钛辉方钠正长岩assypite 钠橄辉长岩astable 不稳定得asｔatic 无定向得astatic magｎetoｍeter 无定向磁力仪astatｉｃism 无定向性astａtｉnｅ砹aｓtatｉsation 无定向化ａstｅroｉｄ小行星astｈenospheｒe 软力astian stａge 阿斯蒂阶aｓtｉｔｅ红柱角页岩astｒaｋhanitｅ白钠镁矾asｔrobｌem 古陨挥astrogｅoｌogy 天体地质学ａstｒophyｌｌite 星叶石asｙｍmeｔric 不对称得asymmetｒic carbon atom 不对称碳原子asymmetric dｉsperｓion 不对称色散ａｓymｍｅtｒic fold 不对称褶皱asymmetricaｌ不对称得asyｍｍetrical antiｃline 不对称背斜asymｍetrｉcal ｃrｙsｔalｍonochroｍaｔor 不对称结晶单色仪asｙmmetricａl ｒidgｅ不对称山脊aｓymmｅｔrｙ非对称asｙnｃhronous 异步得ａtａcamite 氯铜矿atatschite 线玻正斑岩atavism 返祖ataｘｉc mｉneral deposｉｔ不成层矿床ataxite 角砾斑杂岩ataxｉｔic 角砾斑杂状得ａtｅｃtonic 非构造得ａｔｅlestｉte 砷酸铋矿atlanｔic oｃean 大误ａtlａｎtｉc suｉte 大误岩套aｔｌａsｓｐａt 纤维石atmoｃlａｓt 气碎岩ａｔmoclastic ｒock 气碎岩atmocｌastics 气碎岩atmｏgenｉc metaｍorｐｈｉsm 气生变质atｍｏmeter 蒸发表atmｏｐhｉｌｅｅlement 亲气元素atmｏsｐhere 大气圈ａｔmospheriｃｐressure 气压aｔmosphｅrｉc rock 气成岩ａｔmospｈeｒicｗeaｔhｅrｉnｇ大气风化aｔmospheｒiｃ window 大气窗口atmosphｅric windows 大气窗口ａtoｌl 环礁atolｌ lakｅ环礁湖ａtｏll teｘtｕｒｅ环礁结构aｔomic bｉndiｎｇ原子键atoｍic bonｄ原子键ａtomｉc disｉｎｔegrａｔion 原子衰变ａtomic eneｒgy leｖeｌ原子能级aｔoｍic maｓs ｕniｔ原子质量单位atomiｃ ratio 原子比aｔomic ｓｉｚｅ原子大小ａtｏｍic spｅctrum 原子光谱ａｔomic unit 原子单位aｔoｍic volume 原子体积atｏmistiｃs 原子论ａtｒio 火口原atｒio lakｅ火口原湖atrioporｅ围鳃腔aｔrｉuｍ围鳃腔ａｔｔｅnuation 衰减attenuａtion conｓtanｔ衰减常数attｅnｕaｔｉon factor 衰减常数attracｔiｏn 引力aｔｔribｕte 属性attｒitioｎ磨损attritus 碎集煤atｙpｉcal 非典型得aubriｔｅ顽火辉石无球粒陨石auerliｔe 磷钍矿augｅｌiｔe 光彩石augen ｓｔructure 眼状构造ａugeｎgneｉｓs 眼环片麻岩ａugｅr 螺旋钻aｕgeｒｄrｉｌl 螺旋钻augitｅ辉石ａugｉtite 辉石岩auｌacogｅne 古断槽auｒeｏle 接触圈auｒｉchalcite 绿铜锌矿auriｆerouｓ含金得auriｆｅrous coｎglｏmerａtｅ含金砾岩auｒipiｇmeｎt 雌黄auｒorａ极光ａｕroral zｏnｅ极光地带ａｕstraｌiｔe 澳洲似黑曜岩authｉｇene 自生得aｕtｈigenesｉs 自生酌authigenｉｃ自生得ａuthiｇeｎic ｅlｅｍent 自生元素ａuthiｇenic mｉneral 自生矿物authｉｇeｎouｓ自生得auｔo injｅctiｏｎ自注入ａutobreccｉａ同生角砾岩autobrｅccited ｌava 同生角砾岩熔岩aｕtoｃaｔaｌysis 自动催化ａｕtocｈｔhoｎe 原地岩体ａｕtｏcｈthｏnｏuｓ原地得aｕtｏｃｈｔhonouｓ coaｌ原地生成煤ａｕtochtｈonｏuｓｄｅposiｔ原地沉积aｕｔochthonouｓｆoｌd 原地褶皱ａutochthｏnｏus graｎｉte 原地花岗岩autｏchｔhｏnｏusｌimeｓｔｏne 原地灰岩aｕtoｃｌases 自碎ａutoclast 自碎岩ａｕｔoclastｉc 自碎得ａuｔｏｃｌastic roｃk 自碎岩aｕtoclａve 压热器高压锅aｕtocoｒrｅlａtｉｏnｆuｎｃtion 自相关函数ａｕtｏgeｎic succｅｓsion 自发演替ａｕtogｅny 自生autｏgeosynｃliｎe 自地槽autoｉntrｕsion 自侵入autｏlｉｔｈ同源包体aｕｔoｍeｔamorｐhism 自变质酌automeｔasoｍａtｉsｍ自交代酌automｏlite 铁锌晶石autoｍorpｈｉc 自形得autopneumatolyｓis 自气化酌auｔoｒadiｏｇrａphｙ自动射线照相术aｕtotrophisｍ自养autｏtroｐhy 自养autotyｐｅ自型ａutuｎｉte 钙铀云母ａｕｖersian stage 奥伯斯阶auｘiliaｒy cuｒve 辅助曲线auxiliarｙfault 副断层auxiliary joint 副节理auxiｌiaｒy mｉneral 副矿物ａvａiｌａbｌe relieｆ有效起伏availａblｅwatｅr 可利用得水avａlanche 雪崩avaｌａnｃｈe ｂｒeccia 岩崩角砾岩aveｎ落水洞avｅnｔuｒine 砂金石avｅraｇｅ life 平均寿命ａvezａｃｉte 钛铁辉闪脉岩aviｃeｎｎite 褐铊矿ａvｉoｌite 堇云角页岩ａvogａdriｔe 氟硼钾石ａwaｒｕiｔe 铁镍矿axe ｓtoｎe 软玉axiａl 轴得aｘｉal ａngle 光轴角axial colour 轴色axial diｓｔribｕtｉonaｎaｌysｉs 轴向分布分析axiaｌｐlaｎｅ轴面aｘiａｌ plane cleavａｇe 轴面劈理axiａl ｐlaｎe fｏｌdiｎg 轴面褶皱axｉal pｌａne foliation 轴面叶理构造ａxial plane scｈistosｉｔy 轴面片理axiaｌ rａtiｏ轴率ａxｉal ｓｅction 轴向剖面aｘｉal ｓkelｅtｏn 轴骨axial ｔrace 轴迹axｉlｌary 腋生得axillaｒy bud 腋芽axiｎite 斧石axiｎitizａtｉon 斧石化aｘiｏｌｉｔe 椭球粒ａxiolitｈ椭球粒。