2014年北航北语北外北二外北师大翻译硕士考研状元笔记,考研参考书笔记
2014年北京外国语大学翻译硕士二外俄语考研真题,考研经验
北京外国语大学考研育明教育孙老师整理，更多信息可以咨询育明教育孙老师。
政治【学科概述】不用因为政治纷繁复杂的知识点而担心政治会不过线，只要肯下功夫，60分是很容易达到的。
但对于想考名校的朋友，如果期望考到75分左右的高分，你们就需要仔细做选择题，认真地理解重点了。
政治在2010年，大纲作了大幅修订，有了如今大纲的基本结构。
总体上来说，考研政治降低了专业难度，给没怎么学习过政治专业知识的同学越来越多的机会。
政治总分100分，50分客观选择，50分主观简答。
先说主观题，一共5道大题，分别对应政治的五个部分，考点很难预料，但是实际能得到分数不少。
感觉上，只要你能紧贴题目的意思写上两百来字言之成理的话，25分应当毫无悬念。
这里需要说明，考北京区的朋友（北京是最大的旱区，所以主观答题都会被压分），你们政治的主观题大部分都在30上下，33分以上属于个别现象。
在一些竞争相对没那么激烈的地区，主观题的分数会高得多。
所以主观题不但出题点难以控制，可操作性也不强。
相对而言，客观选择题可控性很强，是我们在政治科目的主要精力所在。
【辅导材料选择】目前，考研政治的辅导书最好还是选择肖秀荣老师的一系列书。
我曾对比过几本市面上的不同类别的政治辅导材料，无论是从内容与考研的契合度还是从认真负责的态度来讲，肖老师的都是我见到的书中最好的。
肖老师每年都会在网上提供免费的访谈资料，介绍他对考生的复习建议。
肖老师的微博也每天都为广大考研学子开放，我就在上面问过问题，得到了肖老师的回复。
不过到10月之后，老师会很忙，所以有问题要早问。
政治这门课，大纲极其复杂，内容信息量极大，而考试常考的内容大约只占大纲内容的3成。
所以政治辅导书是很必要的，可以为你找到重点、理清脉络、节省时间。
A：一本纲领性的大纲解析政治学习没有课本（大学里的五本政治书，切不可作为复习纲要），所以主要的复习就靠大纲解析。
推荐1：《考试大纲解析》教育部考试中心每年考试前都会编写该书（这几年都是9月中旬上市），一般为红色，故又称红宝书，这是最正宗的大纲解析，是政治科目命题的直接蓝本。
2014年北大北航北师大北语百科知识考研状元笔记,考研参考书笔记
2014年视频课程+近三年真题+笔记+最后押题三套卷+公共课阅卷人一对一指导=2500元 7月1日前报名，8折优惠！8月1日前9折优惠！育明教育，7年专注考研辅导，北大、北外、中财、北外教授领衔辅导！2014年北京外国语大学翻译硕士百科知识考研参考书《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社，2013年7月版翻译硕士MTI词汇03——社会发展词汇211工程211 Project安居工程housing project for low-income families安居小区 a neighborhood for low-income families保障妇女就业权利to guarantee women’s right to employment补发拖欠的离退休人员统筹项目内的养老金All back pension entitlements have been paid for the retired covered by the overall government plan.裁定保险赔偿adjudication of benefits城镇居民最低生活保障guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents在城镇强制推行以养老、失业、医疗为重点的社会保险Social welfare insurance, particularly old-age, unemployment and medical insurance, must be made mandatory in urban areas.城镇社会保障体系the social security system in urban areas城镇职工基本医疗保险制度the basic medical insurance system for urban employees创新精神be innovation-minded; to have a creative mind促进学生德、智、体、美全面发展ensure that students improve in terms of their moral, intellectual and fitness level as well as in their appreciation of aesthetics大家庭extended family大力推行个人助学信贷Personal loans to finance education should be vigorously promoted.大专文凭associate degree (conferred to junior college students)代培training-on-contract program代培生trainee on contract带薪分流assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits待业人员job seekers待遇优厚的工作 a well-paid job单亲家庭single parent family定向培训training for specific posts独生子女the only child对保障方案进行精算评估Security programs should undergo actuarial review.对口扶贫provide poverty alleviation aid to the designated sister regions恶性犯罪major crimes反对迷信be against superstition福利分房buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one works with复式住宅compound apartment干部年轻化rejuvenation of cadres岗位培训on-job training高度重视精神文明建设pay close attention to cultural and ethical progress搞好优生优育promote good prenatal and postnatal care个人自愿计划voluntary private plans工伤保险制度the on-job injury insurance system工资收入分配制度the wage and income distribution system关系国计民生的大事matters vital to national well-being and the people’s livelihood关心和支持残疾人事业Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and support. 关心老龄人care for senior citizens.贵族学校exclusive school（美）; select school（英）国企下岗职工基本生活保障guarantee of basic cost of living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises过紧日子tighten one’s belt过温饱生活live a life at a subsistent level合理调整就业结构to rationally readjust the employment structure后勤服务社会化make logistic services independent in their operation积极发展民办教育Efforts should be made to develop schools not operated by government education departments.基本养老金basic pensions计划生育责任制responsibility system of family planning继续开展“扫黄打非”斗争The fight against pornography, illegal publications and piracy shall be continued.加快住房分配货币化进程capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation加强计划生育工作further improve family planning加强舆论监督ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion家庭美德family virtues坚持“两手抓、两手都要硬”的方针adhere to the principle of “doing two jobs at once and attaching equal importance to each”坚持正确的舆论导向maintain the correct orientation for public opinion建立集体合同制度to establish a group contract system建立市场导向的就业机制to establish a market-oriented employment mechanism建立新型的劳动关系to establish a new type of labor relations建设廉洁、勤政、务实、高效政府build a clean and diligent, pragmatic and efficient government建设一个富强、民主、文明的国家build a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced country教育程度educational status; education received教育程度比率educational attainment ratio戒毒所drug rehabilitation center精算界actuarial profession精算师actuaries。
2014年北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士英语考研真题,考研参考书,考研招生信息,答案解析
1/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。
第二外国语大学（原题）翻译硕士英语一、完形填空（全文录入，题目省略）：During the first many decades of this nation’s existence,the United States was a wide-open,dynamic country with a rapidly expanding economy.It was also a country that tolerated a large amount of cruelty and pain —poor people living in misery,workers suffering from exploitation.Over the years,Americans decided they wanted a little more safety and security.This is what happens as nations grow wealthier;they use money to buy civilization.Occasionally,our ancestors found themselves in a sweet spot.They could pass legislation that brought security but without a cost to vitality.But adults know that this situation is rare.In the real world,there’s usually a trade-off.The unregulated market wants to direct capital to the productive and the young.Welfare policies usually direct resources to the vulnerable and the elderly.Most social welfare legislation,even successful legislation,siphons money from the former to the latter.Early in this health care reform process,many of us thought we were in that magical sweet spot.We could extend coverage to the uninsured but also improve the system overall to lower costs.2/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2That is,we thought it would be possible to reduce the suffering of the vulnerable while simultaneously squeezing money out of the wasteful system and freeing it up for more productive uses.That’s what the management gurus call a win-win.It hasn’t worked out that way.The bills before Congress would almost certainly ease the anxiety of the uninsured,those who watch with terror as their child or spouse grows ill,who face bankruptcy and ruin.And the bills would probably do it without damaging the care the rest of us receive.In every place where reforms have been tried —from Massachusetts to Switzerland —people come to cherish their new benefits.The new plans become politically untouchable.But,alas,there would be trade-offs.Instead of reducing costs,the bills in Congress would probably raise them.They would mean that more of the nation’s wealth would be siphoned off from productive uses and shifted into a still wasteful health care system.The authors of these bills have tried to foster efficiencies.The Senate bill would initiate several interesting experiments designed to make the system more effective —giving doctors incentives to collaborate,rewarding hospitals that provide quality care at lower cost.It’s possible that some of these experiments will bloom into potent systemic reforms.But the general view among independent health care economists is that these changes will not fundamentally bend the cost curve.The system after reform will look as it does today,only bigger and more expensive.Rather than pushing all of the new costs onto future generations,as past governments have done,the Democrats have admirably agreed to raise taxes.Over the next generation,the tax increases in the various bills could funnel trillions of dollars from the general economy into the medical system.Moreover,the current estimates almost certainly understate the share of the nation’s wealth that will have to be shifted.In these bills,the present Congress pledges that future Congresses will impose painful measures to cut Medicare payments and impose efficiencies.Future Congresses3/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 3rarely live up to these pledges.Somebody screams “Rationing!”and there is a bipartisan rush to kill even the most tepid cost-saving measure.After all,if the current Congress,with pride of authorship,couldn’t reduce costs,why should we expect that future Congresses will?The bottom line is that we face a brutal choice.Reform would make us a more decent society,but also a less vibrant one.It would ease the anxiety of millions at the cost of future growth.It would heal a wound in the social fabric while piling another expensive and untouchable promise on top of the many such promises we’ve already made.America would be a less youthful,ragged and unforgiving nation,and a more middle-aged,civilized and sedate one.We all have to decide what we want at this moment in history,vitality or security.We can debate this or that provision,but where we come down will depend on that moral preference.Don’t get stupefied by technical details.This debate is about values.二、阅读理解，回答问题：Obama Loses a RoundWhile the jury is still out on what President Obama’s China visit has achieved for the long term,the president has most decidedly lost the war of symbolism in his first close encounter with China.In status-conscious China,symbolism and protocol play a role that is larger than life.U.S.diplomatic blunders could reinforce Beijing’s mindset that blatant information control works,and that a rising China can trump universal values of open,accountable government.During Mr.Obama’s visit,the Chinese outmaneuvered the Americans in all public events,from the disastrous town hall meeting in Shanghai to the stunted press conference in Beijing.In characteristic manner,the Chinese tried to shut out the public,while the U.S.unwittingly cooperated.The final image of President Obama in China that circulated around the world is telling:A lone man walking up the steep slope of the Great Wall.The picture is in stark contrast to those of other U.S.presidents who had their photographs taken at the Great Wall surrounded by flag-waving4/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 4children or admiring citizens.Maybe Mr.Obama wanted a quiet moment for himself before returning home.But a president’s first visit to the wall is a ritual that needs to be properly framed.Mr.Obama could have waited until the next visit,when he could bring the first lady and the children.Instead,he went ahead by himself to pay tribute to China’s ancient culture.In return,the Chinese offered nothing,no popular receptions,not even the companionship of a senior Chinese leader.The trouble for the U.S.started at the town hall meeting two days earlier —a more scripted event than those organized with students for earlier U.S.presidents.There was no real dialogue,as a programmed audience,most of them Communist League Youth members,asked coached questions.The Chinese also rejected the U.S.request for live national coverage and defaulted on a promise to live-stream the meeting at ,the online version of China’s state-owned news agency.Mr.Obama scored a point when he managed to address the issue of Internet freedom after the U.S.ambassador,Jon Huntsman,fielded him the question from a Chinese netizen submitted online.Meanwhile,Chinese officials garnered from the meeting generous quotes from Mr.Obama affirming China’s achievements and America’s expressions of good will,which were turned into glowing headlines for the Chinese media.In this round of the propaganda skirmish,the U.S.scored one point while China reaped a handful.Mr.Obama was similarly shut out from addressing the public in Beijing.At the Beijing press conference,President Hu Jintao and President Obama read prepared statements and would not take questions from reporters.“This was an historic meeting between the two leaders,and journalists should have had the opportunity to ask questions,to probe beyond the statements,”protested Scott McDonald,the president of China’s Foreign Correspondents Club,but to no avail.In a final dash to break through the information blockade,the Obama team offered an exclusive interview to Southern Weekend,China’s most feisty newspaper,based in Guangzhou.Once again,journalists’questions were programmed and the paper censored.In protest,the paper prominently displayed vast white spaces on the first and second page of the edition that carried the interview.Propaganda officials are investigating this act of defiance.5/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 5Only the Obama team knows for sure how they allowed themselves to be outmaneuvered.Unwittingly,the U.S.helped to produce a package of faux public events.Pundits argued that the visitors were not supposed to impose the “American way”on China and that America needs to respect Chinese practices.The argument is both patronizing and condescending.Increasingly,the Chinese public has been clamoring for greater official transparency and accountability,while the Chinese government has been making progress on these fronts.No one in his right mind would ask Mr.Obama to lecture Beijing on human rights.But the Chinese public deserves better accounting,no less than Americans citizens.To their credit,U.S.officials did try to get their message out online.But it was the Chinese bloggers who were most active in challenging official information control.They at least fought the good fight with growing confidence,a fight the Americans seem unable to wage effectively.三、写作。
2014年北师英语翻译基础考研真题,考研参考书,考研招生信息,答案解析
1/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。
北京师范大学（回忆+原题）翻译硕士英语一、20个单项选择：主要考察单词和词组，不考察语法，考了ecstacy,incentive,prevalent 等等。
这题需要大家扩充词汇量。
二、阅读理解：第一篇，演讲中逻辑和修辞的作用，想要说服人们，仅有逻辑是不够的，必须发挥修辞的作用。
第二篇，印象派画家的兴起，风格与画法。
第三篇，日本企业雇佣制度进行了改革，以前是终身制，职员为企业尽心尽力，老年享受公司退休制度的福利，升职靠资历。
（以上三篇考的是选择题）第四篇，关于快乐的两个发现，人的快乐程度受基因和年龄影响。
考的是问答题。
三、作文：People send gifts on important occasions like weddings,funerals,promoion,graduation,etc.some people think gift is a token of goodwill,others think expensive gifts will harm people's relations and are just vanity.Write a composition about 300-400words,and express your own opinion.2/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2英语翻译基础一、英译汉及育明教育解析the Authorized Version 钦定版圣经flesh and blood 血肉之躯a wet blanket 令人扫兴的人puppy love 早年初恋the Analects 论语contact lenses 隐形眼镜proof positive 铁证track and field 田径运动child's play 容易干的事，不重要的事danger money 危险工作的额外报酬pull sb's leg 愚弄某人in for a penny,in for a pound 一不做二不休between the devil and the deep blue sea 左右为难real economy 实体经济二、汉译英及育明教育解析音译transliteration国内生产总值GDP八折优惠20%off左上角top left corner淡酒light wine老于世故的人man of the world/sophisticated person3/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 3硬性推销hard sale promotion天道酬勤god helps those who help themselves隔墙有耳wall have ears三三两两small knots of people耐用消费品durable consumer goods招领启事Lost and Found拦路虎a lion in the way可持续发展sustainable development新兴市场国家Emerging Market Countries三、英译汉：I was slow to understand the deep grievances of women.This was because,as a boy,I had envied them.Before college,the only people I had ever known who were interested in art or music or literature,the only ones who read books,the only ones who ever seemed to enjoy a sense of ease and grace were the mothers and daughters.Like the menf**d about money,they scrimped and made-do.But,when the pay stopped coming in,they were not the ones who had failed.Nor did they have to go to war,and that seemed to me a blessed fact.By comparison with the narrow,ironclad days of fathers,there was expansiveness,I thought,in the days of mothers.They went to see neighbors,to shop in town,to run errands at school,at the library,at church.No doubt,had I looked harder at their lives,I would have envied them less.It was not my fate to become a woman,so it was easier for me to see the graces.Few of them held jobs outside the home,and those who did filled thanklessroles as clerks and waitresses.I didn’t see,then,what a prison a house could be,since houses seemed to me brighter,handsomer places than any factory.I did not realize—because such things were never spoken of-how often women suffered from men's bullying.I did learn about the wretchedness of abandoned wives,single mothers,widows;but I also learned about the wretchedness of lone men.Even then I could see how exhausting it was for a mother to cater all day to the needs of young children.But if I had been asked,as a boy,to choose between tending a baby and4/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 4tending a machine,I think I would have chosen the baby.四、汉译英：书信作为人际交往中传递信息，建立，发展和改变人际关系，联络和加深思想感情，以至评论时政抒发己见的主要形式，古时就已有之。
2014年北大北语北航北师大翻硕考研状元笔记,考研参考书笔记
2014年视频课程+近三年真题+笔记+最后押题三套卷+公共课阅卷人一对一指导=2500元 7月1日前报名，8折优惠！8月1日前9折优惠！育明教育，7年专注考研辅导，北大、北外、中财、北外教授领衔辅导！2014年北京外国语大学翻译硕士百科知识考研参考书《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社，2013年7月版翻译硕士MTI词汇22——行业热门词汇电影版权费movie royalties地铁“逃票人员”freeloader上海地铁方面近期在集中打击逃漏票过程中，共查处使用假证违法人员1770余名，同时查获两人并杆出站、出站钻越、进站钻越、冒用老年卡等多种逃票方式。
请看《中国日报》的报道：With more than 6.7 million passengers commuting by subway daily in Shanghai, freeloaders havecaused a considerable economic loss to the company, the report said.该报告指出，上海每天乘坐地铁出行的乘客超过670万，而逃票人员使地铁公司蒙受了很大的经济损失。
在上面的报道中，freeloader就是指“逃票人员”，也可以用更加直接的free rider或ticketevader来表示。
前两种表达都强调free这个概念，也就是享受了某种待遇但是没有付出相应的代价，而ticket evader则突出了evade (逃避)这个行为。
他们逃票的方式包括使用fake cards (假证)，以及sneak under turnstiles (钻越回转栏)等。
有的人逃票是因为上班高峰期，没空在ticket vendor (自动售票机)前排队，有的人逃票是因为票价过高。
近年来地铁发展很快，乘坐地铁的人也越来越多，2008年北京地铁就全线正式启用了Automatic Fare Collection system (自动售检票系统)，用electronic ticket (电子地铁客票)替代了paper subway tickets (纸质地铁客票)。
2014年北京外国语大学MTI考研状元笔记,考研参考书笔记
2014年视频课程+近三年真题+笔记+最后押题三套卷+公共课阅卷人一对一指导=2500元 7月1日前报名，8折优惠！8月1日前9折优惠！育明教育，7年专注考研辅导，北大、北外、中财、北外教授领衔辅导！2014年北京外国语大学翻译硕士百科知识考研参考书《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社，2013年7月版文化常识（4）1. 佛教四大名山：五台山峨眉山普陀山九华山2. 中国四大发明：指南针造纸术印刷术火药3. 中医四诊：望闻问切4. 戏曲四行当：生旦净丑5. 道教四大名山：湖北武当山江西龙虎山四川青城山安徽齐云山6. 四大石窟：云冈石窟龙门石窟麦积山石窟敦煌莫高窟7. 黄山四绝：奇松怪石云海温泉8. 泰山四大奇观：旭日东升晚霞反照黄河金带云海玉盘9. 中国四大名楼；岳阳楼黄鹤楼腾王阁太白楼10. 四大古典小说：《三国演义》水浒传西游记红楼梦11. 四大谴责小说：官场现形记（李宝嘉）二年目睹之怪现状（吴研人）老残游记（刘鄂）孽海花（曾朴）12. 民间四大传说：牛郎织女孟姜女寻夫梁山伯与祝英台白蛇与许仙13. 古代四美女：西施（沉鱼）王昭君（落雁）貂禅（闭月）杨玉环（羞花）14. 古代四美：音乐珍味文章言谈/ / 良晨美景赏心乐事15. 苏门四学士：黄庭坚秦观晁补之张诔16. 四史：史记汉书君汉书三国志17. 历史上四大书院：庐山白鹿洞长沙岳麓衡阳石鼓19. 古代祥瑞四灵：龙凤麒麟龟20. 宋中兴四诗人：陆游杨万里范大成尤袤21. 科考四级及录取者称谓：院试－秀才乡试－举人会试－贡生殿士－进士22. 千古文章四大家：韩愈柳宗元欧阳修苏洵苏轼23. 有很高史学和文学价值的三史：史记汉书后汉书24. 三班父子：班彪班固班昭25. 三书指：魏书蜀书吴书后人将其合为一本称三国志。
26. 左思的三都赋指：蜀都赋（成都）吴都赋（南京）魏都赋（邺）27. 南朝三谢：谢灵运谢惠连谢眺28. 三瘦词人指：李清照三个名句是：29. 莫道不销魂，帘卷西风，人比黄花瘦。
2014年北外北二外翻译硕士日语考研状元笔记,考研参考书笔记
2014年视频课程+近三年真题+笔记+最后押题三套卷+公共课阅卷人一对一指导=2500元 7月1日前报名，8折优惠！8月1日前9折优惠！育明教育，7年专注考研辅导，北大、北外、中财、北外教授领衔辅导！2014年北京第二外国语学院考研参考书《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社，2013年7月版山口百恵蒼い時第一回ある朝、「あお」を感じた。
春の終わりのある夜、なぜだか眠れず一人部屋でただ時が過ぎて行くことだけを感じながら坐っていた。
こんな夜は静かに自分のすべてを時の流れの中に投げだしていたい。
何気なく見上げた窓がほんの少しだけ夜よりも明るい色に変わっていった。
見つめていると、窓ガラスを一枚隔てた外の色がどんどん変化して行った。
小烏たちのさえずりが聞こえた。
目覚めたのだろう。
聴覚から視覚へ意識を戻した時、窓全体があおかった。
そのあおは、私にとっては「青」ではない、「蒼」と言う字のそれだった。
その色はまたわずかな間に次の朝の色に変わっていった。
ほんの一瞬といってもいいほどの蒼い時、一日のできごとの終点であり、また新たなる一日の始まりの時である。
まさにいま、私の時である。
いまこの時を私はどうすごしていけばいいのだろうか。
この時までの私がほんとに確実に生きていたと言う証はあるのだろうか。
おそらくこれは人々が私について残してくれたものではなく、自分の中に一つ自分を認めて置きたいという気持ちなのだろう。
いまこの時に、私は私の歩んだ二十一年の日々、そして芸能界と言うある意味では特殊な世界に生きた約八年の日々を自分の手、自分の言葉で書き記して置きたかったのである。
横須賀。
誰かがこの名前を呟いただけで、胸を締め付けられるような懐かしさを覚える。
横須賀を離れて八年。
私はあの町で生まれたわけではない。
小学校二年の終わりから中学二年の終おりまで、六年間を過ごしただけなのに、この思いはいったいなんなんだろう。
恋い焦がれる人を思う気持ちと違う、かといって、人が故郷を思う気持ちとも違う。
2014年北外、北二外日语翻译硕士考研参考书,真题,状元笔记,考研参考书笔记
育明教育、一对一保分、视频、小班
2014 年视频课程+近三年真题+笔记+最后押题三套卷+公共课阅卷人一对一指导 =2500 元 7 月 1 日前报名，8 折优惠！8 月 1 日前 9 折优惠！
育明教育，7 年专注考研辅导，北大、北外、中财、北外教授领衔辅导！ 2014 年北京第二外国语学院考研参考书 《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社，2013 年 7 月版
二、河流、湖泊、平原 A. 1) 2) 河流 岛国呈细长状，以中部山脉为界，分别流向太平洋和日本海； 河短、多急流；(日本最长的信浓川：367km ；) 水量变化大（几乎不能用于航运；水力发电、灌溉、工 业用水、造坝） B. 湖泊 分布：多位于山间，为火山爆发后形成；近畿东部多，西部少； 面积：小（最大的为琵琶湖；地表运动造成断层，塌陷成湖） 育明教育官网 北大、人大、中财、北外 、中传教授创办 集训营、一对一保分、视频、小班
C.
平原： 特点：狭小分布零散<25%（山地延伸至海岸线） 形成：山地的沙土随着河流的搬运，在入海处形成； 较大的平原：关东、石狩、新潟、濃尾
山间盆地：多见于中央高地、东北地方； 台地：平地中较高的部分，多见于关东、九州
三、海岸线、附近海域、洋流 A. 海岸线 日本是被海包围的岛国，海岸线长， 3 万 2000km。海岸线曲折，复杂多变。太平洋沿岸 （有较大的半 岛和港湾，如东京湾、伊勢湾、大阪湾等，多良港） 1. 2. リアス式海岸：多分布于三陸 海岸、紀伊半島、四国の西岸等入海处。 形成：陆地沉降和海面的上升，山谷处有海水灌入形成曲折的复杂海岸。 评价： 波平浪静，水深，多做渔港； 易受海啸袭击； 1) 2) 3) 日本海岸： 与太平洋沿岸相比曲折较少，在鳥取， 新潟、秋田、附近多为沙滨海滩； 濑户内海和有明海等内海、河口三角洲地区围海造田历史较长，多用于港口。 多人工海岸。
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2014年视频课程+近三年真题+笔记+最后押题三套卷+公共课阅卷人一对一指导=2500元 7月1日前报名，8折优惠！8月1日前9折优惠！
育明教育，7年专注考研辅导，北大、北外、中财、北外教授领衔辅导！
2014年北京外国语大学翻译硕士百科知识考研参考书《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社，2013年7月版
题库整理（3）
1. 世界四大洋中面积最小的是:(D)
太平洋大西洋印度洋北冰洋
2. 世界上海拔最高的山峰是哪一座：(B)
乔戈里峰珠穆朗玛峰干城章嘉峰公格尔山峰
3. 下列海洋中哪一个是我国最大的海：(A)
南海东海黄海渤海
4. 按年呑吐量算世界最大的港口是:(C)
纽约港神户港鹿特丹港上海港
5. 美国是于哪一年宇宙飞船登月成功：(C)
1964 1965 1966 1967
6. 下列哪一个湖泊是在我国江西省的境内:(B)
洞庭湖鄱阳湖太湖洪泽湖
7. 下列我国名茶中哪一种是产于福建安溪:(D)
龙井碧螺春武夷岩茶铁观
8. 吉林省抚松县被人们称为是哪种药材之乡：(C)
当归枸杞人参田七
9. 石头城是对我国哪座城市的美称：(B)
南昌南京拉萨西安
10. "山城"是我国哪座城市的雅号：(C)
洛阳西安重庆福州
11. 峨眉山位于我国哪个省份：(A)
四川云南贵州西藏
12. 我国面积最大的湖泊是:(A)
青海湖鄱阳湖洞庭湖太湖
13. "鲁"是我国哪个省份的简称:(C)
河北吉林山东山西
14. 世界部分首都是以人名命名的,下列哪个不是:(B)
华盛顿莫斯科巴黎科伦坡
15. 下列河流哪一条是世界流程最长:(A)
尼罗河长江亚马孙河密西西比河
16. 世界最大的内陆国是:(B)
阿富汗哈塞克斯坦瑞士蒙古
17. 下列哪个岛国不是欧洲国家：(B)
爱尔兰马尔代夫马耳他冰岛
18. 下列哪个国家被称为"袋鼠之国"：(C)
索马里新西兰澳大利亚肯尼亚
19. 世界国土面积最小的国家是:(A)
梵蒂冈摩纳哥瑙鲁图瓦卢
20. 世界石油储量最多是哪一个国家：(D)
伊拉克伊朗科威特沙特阿拉伯
21. 下列哪一个城市不是我国的"三大火炉"(高温)之一：(B) 重庆成都武汉南京
22. 请问:火车连续发出两声长鸣,这表示:(C)
前进停留倒退故障
23. 轮船发出六声短笛,这是表示什么呢：(D)
倒退避让转弯遇险
24. 下列著名宫殿哪个位于英国：(C)
故宫凡尔赛宫白金汉宫克里姆林宫
25. 著名风景区九寨沟位于我国哪个省：(D)。