定语从句系统讲练
英语语法---定语从句讲练
定语从句定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起定语的作用，修饰说明名词、代词或主句的全部或部分内容。
定语从句分限制性定语参加和非限制性定语从句，限制性定语从句与它修饰的先行词关系紧密，不可去掉，他们之间没有逗号。
非限制性定语从句只对先行词起补充说明作用，去掉后不影响句子的完整性，与先行词之间有逗号隔开。
定语从句一般放在被修饰的词之后。
由关系代词或关系副词引导。
1.关系词及其作用2.只能使用关系代词that的几种情况（1）当先行词是everything，anything，something，nothing，all，none, little, few等时。
Is there anything that you don’t need? 有没有你们不需要的东西？（2）当先行词被every, any ,all,some, no, little,few, much等修饰时。
I want to watch all the movies that were acted by Zhou Xingchi. 我想看周星驰演的所以电影。
（3）当先行词被the only, the very 等修饰时。
This is the only book that I can find. 这是我能找到的唯一的一本书。
（4）当先行词被序数词或者形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the most beautiful flower that I have ever seen.这是我见到过的最漂亮的花。
（5）当先行词既有人又有物时。
They talked about the peoples and the book that interested them. 他们谈论了让他们感兴趣的那些人和那本书。
（6）当主句是以疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Which is the hotel that you like best. 你最喜欢哪家宾馆？3.只能使用关系代词which的几种情况（1）引导非限制性定语从句时。
小学语文定语从句讲解及练习
小学语文定语从句讲解及练习1. 什么是定语从句定语从句是修饰名词或代词的句子，用来进一步描述或限定名词或代词的特点、性质或状态。
定语从句通常由关系词引导，关系词有：关系代词“关系代词亲属关系指代关系代词地点关系指代关系代词时间关系指代关系代词原因关系指代关系代词方式关系指代关系代词比较关系指代关系代词数量关系指代关系代词，关系副词如when、where、why等。
2. 定语从句的结构定语从句的基本结构为：“关系词+主语+谓语+其他成分”，其中“关系词+主语+谓语”构成了一个完整的句子，可以独立成为一个主从复合句。
例如：- 关系代词作为从句的主语：- The book that I bought is very interesting.（我买的那本书很有意思。
）- The student who is wearing glasses is my friend.（戴眼镜的学生是我的朋友。
）- 关系代词作为从句的宾语：- The car that she drives is expensive.（她开的车很贵。
）- Do you know the person whom he talked to?（你知道他跟谁说话了吗？）- 关系副词引导的定语从句：- This is the park where we often go for a walk.（这是我们经常去散步的公园。
）- Do you remember the time when we went to the beach?（你还记得我们去海滩的时候吗？）3. 定语从句的练请根据句子的提示，填入正确的定语从句。
1. This is the dog __________ barked all night.（that/which）2. The girl ________ father is a doctor is my classmate.（whose）3. We saw a movie ________ was very exciting.（that/which）4. The book ________ I am reading is very interesting.（that/which）5. Do you know the person ________ she is talking to?（whom）6. The park ________ we played in is very beautiful.（where）7. I remember the day ________ I first met you.（when）4. 小结定语从句是语文学习中的重要知识点之一，通过掌握其基本结构和用法，我们可以更好地理解和运用定语从句来丰富我们的语言表达能力。
定语从句讲解练习及答案.doc
定语从句讲解一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子，汉语中常用'……的'表示。
主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
女口：1) The m an who lives next to us is a policem an.2) You m ust do every thin gthat I do.上面两句中的m an和everythin g是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which, who滨格who,所有格wh ose)和关系副词whe re, when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句l.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys whoa re pla ying footbal lare from C lass One.(2)Yesterday I helped an ol d man wholo st his way.2 . whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. L iu is the pe rson(whom)vou talked a bout.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3)The man who/whomyou met just no wis my frie nd.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footbal I is a game whichis lik ed by most b oys. ( which 在句子中做主语)(2)This is the pen(whi ch) he bough t yesterday.( which 在句子中做宾语)4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于whicho在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习
初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习初中英语定语从句系统讲解及配套练（含答案）一．定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面.二、定语从句的关系词关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。
2，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等;关系副词包括where，when，why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，限定性定语从句是先行词在乎义上不成短少的定语，假如去掉的话，主句的意义就不完全，意义就表述不明。
这类句型普通定语从句紧接先行词，如：I was the only person in myoffice who was invited.2.非限定性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分隔，起弥补申明感化，如省去，意义仍完全。
非限制性定语从句。
它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对其附加说明，也就是讲即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响，仍然清晰明了。
这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。
且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句，如：Michael Jaskon，who is the greatest singer in the world，passed away in 2010.如：Mary lived in the city of Hongkong，where used to be a small poor countryside.4、干系代词的用法1.that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。
定语从句讲解练习完整版
定语从句精讲点拨一，定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
用来修饰名词或代词的词称为定语：a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red如果定语是句子，便称为定语从句。
I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句)→I know the girl who is in red. （定语从句）被修饰的词是_______________。
这个词就称为先行词。
其中连接两个句子的是______________，称为关系词。
关系词在从句中指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的成分，观察上句，关系词在从句中充当________________。
☆总结：关系词有三个作用：1、;2、；3、。
二，关系代词的句法功能观察下列句子，找规律：This is the pen that you are looking for. 这是你要找的那支钢笔。
(宾语)The girl that has long hair is my sister.留着长发的那个女孩是我妹妹。
（主语）1．that指或，在定语从句中可作或。
The bike which is made in Tianjin sells well.天津产的自行车销售很好。
（主语）The fish which we bought were not fresh.我们买的鱼不新鲜。
(宾语)2．which指，在定语从句中可作或。
The boy who broke the window is called Tom.打碎窗户的男孩叫Tom. （主语）The person to whom he is talking is my father.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。
(宾语)He is the old man who/whom we looked after last year.他是我们去年照顾的那个老人。
高中英语定语从句专项讲练
定语从句专项讲练一、定语从句就是用一个句子作定语，这个句子要有引导词〔关系代词和关系副词〕来引导。
关系代词：who ,whom ,whose , that ,which, as关系副词：when,where, why.引导词的选择是学习定语从句的重难点。
1、首先考虑定语从句中所缺少的句子成分，从而确定适宜的引导词。
关系代词可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
关系副词或介词+which/whom可充当状语.eg.He lived in the house which /that stood lonely at the foot of the hill. (主语〕He lived in the house (which /that )he had built with his own hands.( 宾语〕He lived in the house where/in which he was born forty years ago .( 状语〕He lived in the house whose walls were painted white .〔定语〕He lived in the house the walls of which were painted white .(介宾〕2、只用that 的情况。
(1)先行词是all ,few, little ,much,something , nothing , anything 时。
(2)指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
(3)指物的先行词被all ,any ,every , each ,few , little , no , some 修饰时。
(4)指物的先行词被the only ,the very,the same , the last 修饰时.(5) 先行词既有人又有物时。
(6)句子开头已用疑问词who ,which 时。
(7)先行词在句中作表语时.上述七种情况中的先行词假设是指人时可用who.eg. I am the only person in my office who was invited to the party .3、关系代词which 可代替前面句子的全部或局部内容.eg. They are hollow , which makes them very light .We had to sleep in our wet clothes , which was most uncomfortable .4.as 和which 引导非限制性定语从句的用法与区别.as 和which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句,都可以整个主句或主句局部内容.如下情况两者都可:(1) as 和which 在从句中都可作表语和主语.eg. He married her , as / which was natural.He was sick , as /which some of the other passengers were.(2)as 和which 在从句中都可用作与物动词的宾语.eg. He is fond of music , as / which I'm glad to hear.I was very useful to him , as / which he realized.区别: (1) as 可在句首,句中,句末. which 只能位于主句之后.eg. As our teacher points out , that is of benefit to the people .This machine , as might be expected, has stopped operating.这两句中的as 不能用which 代替.(2) as 含有"按照,正如,根据"的意思,which 没有,由as 引导的定语从句通常在意义上不可与主句相悖,且多为肯定句,对主句的意义进展补充,相当于一个插入语.eg. 误: She has married again , as was unexpected.正: She has married again, which was unexpected.正:As is announced in today's paper , they have succeeded in solving many problems .列固定结构中,只用as:as has been said before 如前所述as is often the case 情况常常如此as often happens 正如常常发生的那样as is well known 众所周知as may be imagined 这可以想象得出来as we all can see 正如我们大家能看到的那样5. 先行词前有such, the same , as 限制时,定语从句的引导词用as,表示同类物；用that表示同一物。
定语从句讲解及练习
定语从句1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有 3 个作用： 1 ，引导定语从句。
2 ，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。
一般whom 作为宾语。
4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用 , ⋯⋯的 ?表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
（一）关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）1. that 既可代表事物也可代表人，which 代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which 在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
[eg ：this is the book（which）you want。
]而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which 的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which 之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which ，但在带有下列词的句子中用that 而不用which ，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that 常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时 .还有句中前面有which 时 ,都只能用that4. who 和 whom 引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom 作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose 是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which调换,表达的意思一样。
定语从句系统讲练(exercise)
聚焦定语从句1.In my opinion, all Mr. White _____ good to us students at present.A.does does doesB. does do doC. does does doD. did do does2.The film star we had been looking forward _____ yesterday.A. to comingB. to comeC. to cameD. came⑴考查that 和which的区别。
如：①Is this the second question ______ you want to ask me?A. whatB. thatC. whichD. it②The professor talked about the famous writers and works ______ have far-reaching effects on modern American literature.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. who and that③Is there anything else ______ you require?A. thatB. whichC. whatD. who④The most important measure _____ should be taken is prevention.A. whichB. \C. asD. that⑤This is the very dictionary _____ we are looking for.A. asB. whichC. thatD. what⑥The railway tunnel has been completed, _____ will play an important part in transportation.A. whichB. thatC. itD. where⑵考查whose和which的区别。
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聚焦定语从句定语从句是中学英语中的一个基础语法，也是重要的语法之一。
定语从句牵涉到众多的基础知识，考点多种多样，因此，我们很容易混淆。
本文从定语从句相关的基础知识入手，结合近几年常见考点分类梳理，另付检测练习，以期同学们能系统掌握定语从句。
请看下列例题：1.In my opinion, all Mr. White _____ good to us students at present.A.does does doesB. does do doC. does does doD. did do does2.The film star we had been looking forward _____ yesterday.A. to comingB. to comeC. to cameD. came不难看出，如果搞不清这两句的成分，我们则无从下手或进入选择陷阱。
例1句子的主语是all, 不是Mr. White。
所要表达的意思是“怀特先生所做的事目前对我们学生有好处”，因此，本句的谓语动词是do(do good to…：对……有好处)，all后面接了一个定语从句(that)Mr. White does。
另外本题还考查了强调谓语的知识——do/does/did +动词原形。
所以答案为C。
例2句子主语是the film star，谓语是came(由yesterday得知是一般过去时)。
the film star后面接了定语从句we had been looking forward to(由于the film star作look forward to的宾语，关系代词被省略)，故答案为C 。
从上面例题发现，识别和理解定语从句离不开句子成分的划分。
一. 基础知识1.句子成分的划分：主、谓、宾、定、状、补、同位语、表语例：⑴He is a student. （a student是表语）主谓⑵He likes English.主谓宾⑶This dictionary looks beautiful on the shelf. (this作定语)主谓状⑷He is studying here now.主谓状状⑸We students made him monitor. →He was made monitor by us students.主谓宾主补主谓宾补状（monitor是同位语）⑹Tom is fairly careless. Strangely, he drives very carefully. (fairly和very是状语)主谓状主谓状3．定语从句定义：作定语用的是一个完整的句子He is a student who studies well in our school.定语从句注：①先行词是被定语从句修饰限制的词，有时它可以是一个句子（先行项）。
如：I enjoy visiting the places in which the hotels are cheap.先行词介词关联词其它成分Jack failed in the examination again, which made his parents disappointed.先行项关联词其它成分先行项有时也可以放在定语从句之后，这时关系代词用as。
As is expected, most of the students in our class have made great progress.关联词其它成分先行项②关联词包括关系代词（that, which, who, whom, as, whose）和关系副词(when, where, why)。
在句子中既起连接作用，又在定语从句中充当成分。
如：My cousin who likes singing and dancing studies the behavior of animals.句中的关系代词who既连接先行词和从句，又在定语从句中作主语。
③介词根据句子中的固定短语或句意来确定。
如：This is the novel in which I’m interested. (in 是根据固定短语be interested in)Is this the plane in which she came to Beijing? (根据句意“乘坐这架飞机”)④非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用，去掉不影响主要意义，通常前要加逗号和先行（项）隔开；限制性定语从句和先行词有着不可分割的关系，去掉它，先行词就不能明确表示其所指对象。
比较：The boys who wanted to play basketball were disappointed because of the rain. (限制性定语从句。
意思是“想踢足球的男孩因下雨而失望”。
)The boys, who wanted to play basketball, were disappointed because of the rain. (非限制性定语从句。
意思是“男孩们想踢足球，因下雨而失望”。
)二．语从句的常见考点1．考查关系代词的区别⑴考查that 和which的区别。
如：①Is this the second question ______ you want to ask me?A. whatB. thatC. whichD. it答案注解：B。
当先行词被序数词限制时用that。
②The professor talked about the famous writers and works ______ have far-reaching effects on modernAmerican literature.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. who and that答案注解：B。
当先行词既含有人又含有物时用that。
③Is there anything else ______ you require?A. thatB. whichC. whatD. who答案注解：B。
当先行词是something, anything, nothing, everything, all, little, few等不定代词时，用that。
④The most important measure _____ should be taken is prevention.A. whichB. \C. asD. that答案注解：D。
当先行词被最高级限制时用that。
⑤This is the very dictionary _____ we are looking for.A. asB. whichC. thatD. what答案注解：C。
当先行词被very(正是)限制时用that。
⑥The railway tunnel has been completed, _____ will play an important part in transportation.A. whichB. thatC. itD. where答案注解：A。
引导非限制性定语从句用which,不用that。
⑵考查whose和which的区别。
如：Have you seen the film “A Time To Love”, _____ leading actress is Zhao Wei.A. whichB. whoseC. it’sD. that答案注解：B。
whose 在定语从句中作定语用，修饰后面的名词，不仅可以指某人，而且可以指某物。
该句中whose 指物，whose leading actress可以改为the leading actress of which或of which the leading actress (指人时which换成whom)。
⑶考查who和whom区别。
如：The boy has many friends, ______ are good at English.A. half of whoB. half of thatC. half of whomD. half of which答案注解：C。
本句定语从句的先行项是many friends。
介词后表示人的宾语用whom。
⑷考查as/which的区别。
如：①Don’t talk about such things _____ you are not sure of.A. asB. whichC. thatD. \答案注解：A。
as经常置于such/same 后面引导定语从句，表示“和……一类”。
②With the help of the policemen, she found the same bicycle _______ got stolen yesterday.A. asB. thatC. whatD. \答案注解：B。
same后面也可以加that引导定语从句，表示“同一……”。
试比较：This is the same MP3 that I lost yesterday.这就是我昨天丢失的MP3。
This is the same MP3 as I lost yesterday.这个MP3和我昨天丢失的一样（仅是同类）。
③The stems of bamboo are hollow, _____ makes them very light.A. asB. itC. thatD. which答案注解：D。
as 和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句，as强调“正如……”，而which则没有此意思,如：As we all know, bats come out only at night.④_____ is reported in the newspaper, this song is very popular.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It答案注解：B。
as引导的定语从句可以置于句首，which则不可以。
2．考查定语从句中成分的辨别。
如：①Is this mobile phone _____ you bought in Shanghai?A. the oneB. thatC. whichD. \答案注解：A。
本句是一般疑问句，其主语是this mobile phone，从句you bought in Shanghai中少了宾语，the one 是定语从句的先行词，其后省略了作宾语的关系代词that。
②This is the reason _____ the students told us last week.A. whyB. thatC. for whichD. for that答案注解：B。