名词性从句的若干关联词用法比较
名词性从句的若干关联词用法比较
江西省兴国县第三中学常峰
名词性从句关联词的选择一般遵“两看”的原则,即一看关联词的意义;二看关联词在从句中所作的成分.现将若干易混淆的关联词的用法作一比较.
1.That与what. That引导名词性从句时不作成分,没有意义,只起连接作用; what引导名词性从句时须在从句中作成分且含有“什么”“所……的”等意义.故选用这两词的标准是看名词性从句的句意是否完整,成分是否齐全.
例1.----Lily passed the entrance exam made her parents very excited.
A. What
B.If
C.That
D.Because
析:该题选 C.题干中的主语从句“----Lily passed the entrance exam”意思完整,成分齐全,只缺一关联词,故选That.
例2.----our weather will be like in the future is hard to predict, but scientists are working hard to find out.
A.What
B.Whether
C.That
D.Which
析: 该题选 A.显然主语从句“----our weather will be like in the future”中的介词like缺宾语且从句意考虑也缺“什么”之意,故选
what.
2.if与whether。
引导主语,表语,同位语从句多用whether不用if;引导
介词的宾语从句只用whether不用if; whether引导的宾语从句可置句
首表强调,而if的不可; 引导动词的宾语从句两者基本通用(discuss
的宾语从句只用whether不用if),但if引导的宾语从句可以是肯定的
也可是否定的, whether引导的宾语从句只能是肯定的; whether与or
not可以连着使用也可分开使用,而if与or not只能分开使用.
例1.The question is ----he will speak at the meeting tomorrow.
A. whether
B.Who
C. if
D.what
析:该题选A. whether在此引导表语从句, 不用if.而选B, D显然句意
不通或在从句中无成分可作.
例2.I don’t know ----they will succeed or not.
A. how
B.if
C.whether
D.when
析:该题选C.此处whether与or not分开使用引导宾语从句.
3.who与whoever.两者都指人,在从句中可作主语也可作宾语.但who引导
的从句表示一件事或情况; whoever引导的从句表示某个人或某些人.
例1.---- broke the window should be punished.
A. Who
B.Whom
C.Whomever
D.Whoever
析: 该题选D. 主语从句“---- broke the window”缺主语,故排除B, C.
根据主句谓语“should be punished”可判断主句的主语应是人而不是
事,因为“被惩罚”的对象只能是人,而不能是事.
例2.----will come with us hasn’t been decided.
A. Who
B.Whom
C.Whomever
D.Whoever
析:该题选 A.情况与上例类似,不过此题主句谓语是hasn’t been
decided,其对象应该是事,故选Who。
4.Whether/if与that.三者在名词性从句中均不作成分(名词性从句的所有关联词也只有这三个不作成分。
),两者的差异在于一,Whether/if
有“是否”的意思,而that无词义;二,that引导的从句可以是肯定
的也可是否定的,而Whether/if表是的句意必须是疑问的。
例1.I am wondering ----you would care to spend the evening with
us.
A. that
B.what
C. When
D.whether/if
析:该题选D.根据主句谓语am wondering可推断其对象(宾语)应该
是含疑问语意的,故选whether/if。
例2.We have decided----the meeting will be held tomorrow .
A. that
B.what
C. When
D.whether/if
析: 该题选A. 根据主句谓语have decided可推断其对象(宾语)应
该是肯定或否定的事实,而不是含疑问的,故选that。
[强化训练]:
1.Our country is quite different from ----used to be.
A. what it
B.what
C.that
D.what was
2. ----the teacher said is ----we wanted to consider.
A. What that
B.That that
C.What what
D.That what
3. ----dose wrong is to be answered for in the end.
A. Who
B.Whoever
C.No matter who
D.Anyone
4. I am in doubt ----I should agree to the plan.
A.that
B.what
C.whether
D.if
5. There is no doubt----they will win the match.
A.that
B.what
C.whether
D.if
6. ----he will attend the meeting, I am not sure.
A.that
B.what
C.whether
D.if
7. I don’t care ----it doesn’t rain.
A.that
B.what
C.whether
D.if
8. We are discussing ----John could join us .
A.that
B.what
C.whether
D.if
[参考答案简析]:
1.A 。
该题中介词from的宾语从句既缺主语又缺表语,惟有A项能补足这两个成分。
2.C.该题中的主语从句和表语从句都缺宾语,故选C.
3.B.根据主句谓语is to be answered for可判断主句的主语应是人,而No matter who不能引导名词性从句。
4.C. doubt的同位语从句一般用whether或that引导。
主句为肯定时用whether,否定时用that,即doubt表示存在疑问用whether,
no doubt表示不存在疑问用that,与上面论述不矛盾。
5.A.见第4题注解。
6.C.此题属whether引导的宾语从句前置的情况。
7.D 此题属if引导否定的宾语从句的情况,而whether无此用法。
8.C 此题属whether引导discuss的宾语从句的情况,而if无此用法。
名词性从句完整版经典实用
(2)It +be+形容词 (necessary/natural/wonderful/likely/strange/important/certain等 )+that从句
eg.It is wonderful that all of you have passed the difficult exam.
•名词性从句完整版
•13
误:If Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 正:Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 正:It was doubtful if /whether Mary really heard him.
•名词性从句完整版
⒈连词:引导从句但不作任何成分。
⑴that—没有意义,引导主/宾/表/同位语从句。 ①It is said that there will be a party tonight. ②They say (that) there will be a party tonight. ③Why he failed was that he made a vital mistake. ④The key that he succeeded lied in his hard work. ⑵if—是否,引导宾语从句,主语从句。
2 It was a pity that you failed in the exam.
•名词性从句完整版
用it 作形式主语的结构
• It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder等)+ that从句
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
eg. It is a pity that you have missed the wonderful lecture.
名词性从句中常用连接词的区别
名词性从句中常用连接词的区别作者:陈焕锁来源:《新高考·高一英语》2012年第03期名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组。
在句中作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
因此,主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句通称为名词性从句。
名词性从句的连接词通常分为三类:第一类连接词在名词性从句中,不充当任何成分,只起连接作用。
这类连接词有:that, if, whether, as if, as though等。
例如:When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken. 当铅笔一部分放进水里时,看起来好像断了似的。
第二类连接词在名词性从句中,作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语。
这类连接词有:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, whose等。
这类连接词称之为连接代词。
例如:Here are the chairs. Tell me which are worth buying. 就是这些椅子。
告诉我买哪几把好。
第三类连接词在名词性从句中,作状语。
这类连接词有:when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why等。
这类连接词称之为连接副词。
例如:The students asked the teacher when the examination was going to be held. 学生们问老师什么时候举行考试。
【名词性从句中常用连接词的区别】一、 what与that 的区别1. what引导名词性从句时,在从句中通常作主语或宾语,有时作表语或宾语补足语。
表示“……的东西、……的事情、……的话、……的时间、……的地方、……的人、所谓的……、……样子等”。
而that引导名词性从句时,在从句中不充当任何成分,也没有任何含义,只起连接作用。
英语语法:四组名词性从句引导词用法区别
【导语】欢迎阅读为⼤家精⼼整理的英语语法:四组名词性从句引导词⽤法区别!欢迎阅读学习!更多相关讯息请关注! 四组名词性从句引导词⽤法区别 1. what 与that的⽤法区别 两者均可引导主语、表语、宾语从句,区别是what可在从句中⽤作主语、宾语或表语,意为“什么”或“所…的”,⽽that仅起连接作⽤,本⾝没有实际意义,在从句中也不充当任何句⼦成分(引导宾语从句时通常可以省略): He doesn’t know what she likes. 他不知道她喜欢什么。
What you say is quite right. 你所说的相当正确。
I believe (that) he will come to see us. 我相信他会来看我们的。
It’s a pity (that) he didn’t finish college. 真遗憾他⼤学没毕业。
另外,that 可引导同位语从句,但 what 通常不⽤于引导同位语从句: I had no idea that you were here. 我不知道你在这⼉。
2. whether与 if的⽤法区别 两者的⽤法异同注意以下⼏点: (1) 两者均可引导宾语从句,表⽰“是否”,常可互换: He asked if [whether] we wanted a drink. 他问我们是否想喝⼀杯。
He didn’t tell me if [whether] he would come. 他没有告诉我他是否会来。
【注】若是引导条件状语从句,则只能⽤ if(意为“如果”)。
(2) 当引导⼀个否定的宾语从句时,通常⽤ if ⽽不⽤ whether: I don’t care if it doesn’t rain. 我不在乎天是否下⾬。
【注】在个别词语(如 wonder, not sure 等)后的从句否定式有时也可⽤ whether 引导: I wonder if [whether] he isn’t mistaken. 我想知道他是否错了。
英语名词性从句的连接词选用
名词性从句的连接词选用名词性从句的连接词选用名词性从句包括主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that ,whether ,连接副词,连接副词how,when,where 等。
(注:if 不能引导同位语从句。
)。
在各种考试中,其最主要的考查内容为连接词的选用。
名词性从句的连接词可细分为以下四种:(1)以that 来引导从句;(2)以whether/if 引导从句;(3)以特殊疑问词引导从句;(4)以关系代词/副词引导从句。
副词引导从句。
一、以that 引导从句引导从句当从句的意思已完整时,名词性从句用that 引导,that 在从句中不作任何句子成分,仅起连接作用。
如:接作用。
如:It is certain that he will do well in his new job. (主语从句)(主语从句)Do you know that he has been admitted to Beijing University? (宾语从句)(宾语从句)My decision is that we are to start at 6 tomorrow morning. (表语从句)(表语从句)The news that our team had won the game excited everybody. (同位语从句)(同位语从句) 当用that 引导从句时,需注意以下情况:引导从句时,需注意以下情况:1.在主语从句中,that 一般不可省略,尤其是当主语从句位于句首时,它绝对不可省略。
如:如:That our team had won the game was good news to us.2.在宾语从句中,that 可省略。
但当句中有两个并列的宾语从句时,引导第二个宾语从句的that 不可省略。
如:不可省略。
如:Everybody knows (that) the earth goes round the sun. Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.3.当句子是以it 作形式宾语时,引导宾语从句的that 不可省略。
名词性从句精讲-关系词的运用
名词性从句精讲-关系词的运用一、考点聚焦1、名词性从句中连接词的运用名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if,连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever,连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。
(1)that的用法。
①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。
如:That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we don’t have enough money.She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省,在以下几种情况中that不能省略:(A)当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时,that不可省略;(B)当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时,that不能省;(C)当that作介词宾语时,that不可省掉。
如:He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understandwineEveryone knew what happened and that she was worried.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.③that从句作主语和宾语时,可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。
(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that… (B)It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...(C)It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … (D)It seems/happens that。
名词性从句用法小结
6: that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别 1.The news that she passed the exam excited her parents .
同位语从句
2.The news that we know from her excited all of us .定语从句
become a thief. 宾语从句
3. My idea is that we should do it right now.
表语从句
4.We have known the news that our team
won. 同位语从句
名 宾语从句
词 主语从句
性 从 句
同位语从句 表语从句
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
address is ?
---He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge
Street. I’m not sure of _w__h_i_c_h___.
2. I read about it in some book or other, does
it matter _w__h_i_c_h_ it was?
2. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where
考点2 : what 与which ( 表选择, 哪一个)
1. ---Do you know_w__h__a_t__Mr Black’s
完整版)名词性从句用法归纳
完整版)名词性从句用法归纳名词性从句是指在句子中作名词角色的句子,可以充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可以分为三类。
第一类是从属连词,包括that、whether和if。
在宾语从句或表语从句中,that 有时可以省略。
第二类是连接代词,包括what、who、which 等。
这些代词在从句中做成分,不可以省略。
第三类是连接副词,如when、where、how等,也不可以省略。
在一些情况下,that可以省略,如定语从句中做宾语、引导宾语从句或表语从句时。
但在定语从句中做主语、由that引导同位语从句时,以及宾语从句中真正的that不可以省略的情况下,that不能省略。
主语从句是指作句子主语的从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that、whether等,连接代词what、who、which等,以及连接副词how、when、where等引导。
2、连接词的使用:连接词在句子中起到连接的作用,其中that在句子中没有实际的意义,只是起到连接从句和主句的作用。
而连接代词和连接副词则在句子中既保留了自己的疑问含义,又起到连接从句和主句的作用,同时在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如,whom和who指人,what指物,而XXX和whoever则表示泛指意义。
举个例子,What he wants to tell us is not clear.表示他想告诉我们什么并不清楚。
另外,为了避免句子头重脚轻的情况,有时我们会用形式主语it代替主语从句,并将主语从句放在句末。
这种情况下,主语从句后的谓语动词一般使用单数形式。
常用的句型有:(1)It + be +名词+ that从句,如It is a fact that(事实是);(2)It + be +动词的过去分词+ that从句,如It is said that(据说);(3)It +不及物动词(vi)+ that从句,如It seems that (似乎);(4)It + be +形容词+ that从句,如It is naturalthat(很自然)。
(完整版)名词性从句用法归纳
名词性从句:在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。
名词性从句在复合句中能担任:主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
名词性从句分为:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:1、从属连词(5个):(1)that无词义,在从句中不做成分,在宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略(2)whether,if 有词义,在从句中不做成分(whether,if均表示“是否”之意,表明从句内容的不确定性)不可以省略(3)as if, as though (均表示“好像”,“似乎”之意)在从句中不做成分2、连接代词(9个):what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever,有词义,在从句中做成分,不可以省略(who what which 在从句中做主语、宾语、其中what 指代没有范围的事物,which指代有范围的事物,表“选择哪一个”whom做宾语whose 做定语)3、连接副词(7个):when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however有词义,在从句中做状语,不可以省略4、that省略的情况:(1)定语从句中做宾语(2)that引导宾语从句时(3)that引导表语从句时(4)主语从句中it做形式主语,that从句置于句末时5、that不可省略的情况:(1)定语从句中做主语(2)由that引导主语从句放句首时(3)that引导同位语从句时(4)宾语从句中i it做形式宾语,真正的that宾语从句中that不可以省略ii 一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时,引导第二个和以后几个句子中的that不可以省略iii 与动词相隔的宾语从句,不可以省略iv that引导的宾语从句放在句首时,不可以省略二. 主语从句1、主语从句:作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连词:that(无任何词意)whether, if(均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性)as if ,as though(均表示“好像”,“似乎”)以上在从句中均不充当任何成分连接代词:What, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, whichever, whomever 连接副词:When, where, how, why, how many, how much, how often一、名词性that-从句主语:That she is still alive is her luck. 他还活着全靠运气。
宾语:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语:The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 近来谁也没有见过他,这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。
形容词宾语:I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
一、无词义that引导名词性从句时无词义,仅仅起连接或引导从句的作用。
例如:I wish that she would understand me.我希望她能理解我。
It is said that there have been great changes in our hometown.据说,我们的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
The reason he didn't come was that he was ill. 他没有来的原因是他病了。
名词性从句的引导词和结构使用技巧
名词性从句的引导词和结构使用技巧名词性从句是句子中作为名词成分的从句,它可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语等功能。
正确使用名词性从句可以使句子结构更加丰富和灵活,增强句子表达的准确性和语言的地道性。
本文将介绍名词性从句的引导词和结构使用技巧。
引导名词性从句的关联词包括连接代词、连接副词和连接连词等。
下面分别介绍这些关联词及其使用技巧。
一、连接代词连接代词有who, whom, which, that和whose等。
它们分别引导主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和同位语从句。
使用时需要注意以下几点:1. who引导的从句常用作主语或宾语从句,其宾语从句可以有形容词、副词和介词短语修饰。
例如:- Who will be the new manager has not been decided yet.(主语从句)- She asked me who I was waiting for.(宾语从句)- He is the student who is always punctual.(定语从句)- The question of who will be responsible for the project remains unanswered.(同位语从句)2. whom引导的从句用作宾语从句,常常出现在动词或介词后,用于替代宾格人称代词。
例如:- She is the girl whom I met yesterday.(宾语从句)- To whom did you give the book?(宾语从句)3. which引导的从句用作主语或宾语从句,既可以代替事物,也可以代替前面整个句子。
例如:- Which will be the best choice is still under discussion.(主语从句)- I can't decide which to choose.(宾语从句)4. that既可以引导宾语从句,也可以引导主语从句和表语从句,与which相似。
