自考英语本科英美文学选读教你投机取巧过英美文学整理加强版
自考英美文学选读(英国篇

The Renaissance Period 文艺复兴时期Beowulf 《贝奥武夫》:第一部最古老、最长的较完整的文学作品The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》小说集,描写了各行各业中的人物形象Italy 三方面:painting+sculputre+literature主要作家:William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亚The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》(1)手法:pun 双关(“Not on thy sole,but on thy soul,harsh Jew /Thou mak ’st thy knife keen.”“狠心的犹太人,你不是在鞋口上磨刀,而是在你的心口上磨刀”)(2)主人公名字:安东尼奥Antonio 巴萨尼奥Bassanio 鲍西亚Portia 犹太人Jews 夏洛克Shylock 生平2long poems 154sonnets38playsVenus and Adonis 《维纳斯与安东尼斯》The Rape of Lucrece 《鲁克丽丝受辱记》四大喜剧A Midsummer Night’s Dream 《仲夏夜之梦》As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》(1)手法:soliloquy 独白(“To be,or not to be —that is the question ”)(2)The first and the most popular play of Shakespeare十四行诗(18)(1)起源Italy引入英国的人Wyatt 华埃特(2)经典名句:“Shall I compare thee to a summer ’s day?”我可能把你和夏天相比拟?(3)修辞:Personification 拟人手法(4)主题:美好夏日通常短暂,但诗歌之美却能永存。
自考英美文学选读简答题整理(一)

自考英美文学选读简答题整理(一)Part Three: Excerpts & ThemesChapter One: The Renaissance PeriodEdmund SpenserThe Faerie Queene1) A gentle Knight was pricking on the plain, clad in mighty arms and silver shieldNote: Basic unit consisting of any various combination of stressed and unstressed or long or short syllables. Example:weak-strong-weak-strong-weak-strong-weak-strong-weak-strong. The poem is written in the stanza invented by the poet himself. The first eight lines are in iambic pentameter. The theme of this poem is to fashion a gentleman in virtuous and gentle discipline.2) Bur on his breast a bloody Cross he bore, the dear remembrance of his dying lord. … And dead as living ever Him abored.Note: Him refers to Jesus Christ. Cross refers to the true religion.3) A lovely lady rode him fairy beside, upon a lowly ass more white then snow. Yet she much whiter, but the same hide under a veil that …over all a black stole she throw.Note: White here implies holiness and the true sense of religion.Christopher MarloweThe passionate Shepherd to His Love1) “valleys, groves, hills, and field, the shepherds feed their rocks, melodious birds sing madrigals”Note: The words are the signs revealing an ideal country life and true sense of a pastoral.2) “a gown made of the finest wool; buckles of the purest gold; coral clasps and amber studs”Note:These words are used in the poem to express the shepherd’s pure affection for his love.Doctor Faustus1) Now that the gloomy shadow of the night, longing to view Orion’s drizzling look, leaps from the Antarctic world to the pitchy breath.Note: The words “gloomy” and “pitchy” are meant to reveal the great suffering of the hero’s mind.2) Within this circle is Jehovah’s name, forward and backward anagram matized the breviated names of holy saints…Then fear not, but be resolute and try the uttermost magic can perform.Note: In this monolog, Faustus has made up his mind to stand against conventional morality and try to obtain true knowledge through his own efforts.3) I charge thee wait upon me while I live to do whatever Faustus shall command, make the moon drop from her sphere or the ocean to overwhelm the world. /Had I as many souls as there be stars, I’d give them all for Mephistophilis! …The Emperor sh all not live but by my leave.Note: Faustus turns to the power of Devil so that he can obtain the power to change the world.William ShakespeareSonnet 181)Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Note: “Thee” refers to the beauty and permanence of p oetry.2) Every fair from fair sometimes declines. But the eternal summer shall not fade.Note: Nice summer days are usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever.3)So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, so long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Note: Shakespeare has a faith in the permanence of poetry.The Merchant of Venice1) I am sorry for you; You’ve come to answer a stony adversary, an inhuman wretch, uncapable of pity, void and empty from any dram of mercy.(Duke)Note: The Duck’s statement reflects that Shylock is a greedy and cruel merchant.2) You’ll ask me why I rather choose to have a weight of (carrion) flesh than to receive three thousand ducats(货币单位), what if my house be troubled with a rat, and I be pleased to give ten ducats to have it banned.(Shylock)(P40)Note: The figure of speech in this statement is analogy.3) Not on the sole, but on the soul.(P43)Note: The figure of speech in this sentence is pun.4) The quality of mercy is not strained. It drops as the gentle rain fromheaven…It blesses him that gives and him that takes. It is mightiest of the mightiest. (Portia: P46)Note: Portia persuades Shylock to show his mercy to Antonio. The figure of speech in this statement is simile.5) A Daniel come to judgment. (Shylock P47)Note: The word Daniel frequents in the excerpt. It means a wise man full of wisdom.6) But little, I am armed and well prepared. … fare you well (farewell). Don’t grieve that I am fallen to this for you. (Antonio: P48) / Antonio, I am married to a wife which is as dear to me as life itself. But life itself, my wife, and all the world are not with me esteemed above your life. (P49 Bassanio)Note: Antonio is trying to comfort Bassanio. The statement above reflects the true friendship between them.7) Your wife would give you little thanks for that.(P49 Portia)Note: The figure of speech here is irony.8) Two things provided more: He presently become a Christian; The other, of all he dies possessed upon his son and his daughter. (P53 Antonio)Note: The statement above is the end of judgment: Shylock has to change his religion.Hamlet1) To be, or not to be, that is the question.Note: to live in this world or to die, to suffer or to take actions. It is always a question that puzzles Hamlet.(P55)2) Whether it is nobler in the mind to suffer the slings of arrows of outrageous fortune, or to take arms against a sea of troubles, and by opposing end them? To die, to sleep---no more. (P56)Note: The figure of speech here is metaphor.3) To sleep, perhaps to dream, there’s the rub. (p56)Note: Rub refers to the doubt or difficulty.4) For in that sleep of death, when we have shuffled off this mortal coil, what dream may become must give us pause.(P56)Note: Even if we get rid of the uncertainty of death and take actions, there is still hesitation.5) Who would bear the whips and scorns of time? (P56)Note: The whips and scorns of time imply the suffering in our age, representing the consequence of Hamlet’s revenge.6) Thus conscience does make cowards of us all, and native hue of resolution is sicklied with the pale cast of thought. (P56)Note: It is the consequences rather than the action itself that make the revenge impossibleFrancis BaconOf study1) Study serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.Note: Bacon emphasizes the purpose of study.2) Read not to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to consider and weigh.Note: Bacon emphasized different ways adopted by people.3) Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man… History make men wise; poetry witty; the mathematics, subtle, natual philosophy, deep moral; logic and rhetoric, able to contend.Note: Bacon emphasized how studies exert influence on human nature.John DonneThe Sun Rising1) Busy old fool, unruly sun, why does you thus call on us throughwindows and through curtains? (P66)Note: This is Donne’s easy conceit, which is related to images concerning mythology or natural objects.2) The beams are so respectful and strong. Can you imagine I could eclipse and cloud them with a wink? (P67) She is all states, and I am all princes. All honor is mimic, all wealth alchemy. You, the sun is half happy as we are. (P67)Note: This is difficult conceit, which is linked with law, power, authority and philosophy.3) Shine here to us, and you are everywhere. The center is this bed, and these walls are your sphere.Note: This is the theme of the poem. The poet praises the charm of his love, which is greater than the sun.Death, Be Not Proud1) Death, don’t be proud, althou gh some people have called you mightyand terrible, but you are not so./ One short sleep past, we wake eternally and death shall be nothing. Death, you shall die.((P68)Note: The theme of this poem is to show the poet’s contempt toward death.John MiltonParadise Lost1) That durst dislike his reign, and me preferring, his utmost power with adverse power opposed in dubious battle on the plains of Heaven, and shook his throne. What though the field lost? All is not lost: the unconquerable will.Note:Tho se who dare to show their dislike to the God’s rule and support me, and those who fight against the God’s rule with their opposing forces in Heaven, do you think you lost all things in this struggle? No! nothing is lost if you still have the unconquerable will. The statement above shows the key note of the poem: freedom from God’s will.Chapter Two Neoclassical PeriodJohn BunyanThe Vanity Fair1) The main characters in this novel are Christians, Pliable, Faithful, and Hopeful. (P85)2) At this fair there is at all times to be seen juggling, cheats, plays, fools and rogues, and that of every kind. Here are to be seen, too and that for nothing, theft, murders, adulteries, false swears, and that of a blood-red color.Note:The novel is a religious allegory. So cheats, plays, fools, theft, and murders are all symbols of social evils.(P86)3) Now these pilgrims must go through the fair.(P88)/One chanced mockingly, “What will you buy?” But they looking gravely upon him, said, “We buy the truth.”(P88)Note:The pilgrims have to walk through the fair so that they can reach the Celestial City. The sentence implies the theme of this novel, that is, People must obey Christian rules and seek salvation through self-struggleagainst all social evils.Alexander PopeAn essay on Criticism1) Some confine their taste to conceit alone…One glaring chaos and wild heap of wit.Note: One problem in the poetic works is that some of them lack true taste and stress too much artificial use of conceit.2) Others care nothing but language and expression.(P94)Note:Another problem in the poetic works is that some of them stress the external beauty of language.3) True wit is Nature dressed to advantage. What was often thought, but never so well expressed/Words are leaves; and where they abound, much fruit of sense is rarely found./True expression, like the unchanging sun, clears and improves whatever it shines upon./Expression is the dress of thought, the more decent as more suitable.Note: Pope points out that writers should pay attention to the true wit that is best set in a plain style. The excerpt is a didactic poem and simile is frequently used in the poem.Daniel DefoeRobinson Crusoe1) In this half circle I pitched two rows of strong stakes, driving them into the ground till they stood very firm like piles, the biggest end being out of the ground about five foot and a half, and sharpened on the top.Note:This is a Hercules’ task, which shows Crusoe’s capacity for work, energy, patience and persistence in overcoming difficulties.Jonathan Swift1) Lilliput, Brodingnag, Houyhnhnm, and Yahoo are characters in Swift’s novel Gulliver’s Travel.2) When a great office is vacant either by death or disgrace, five or six ofthose candidates petition the Emperor to entertain his Majesty and the court with a dance on the rope, and whoever jumps the highest without falling succeeds in the office.(P110)/There is likewise another diversion, …The emperor holds a stick in his hands, both ends parallel to the horizon, while the candidates, advancing one by one, sometimes leap over the stick, sometimes creep under it backwards and forwards several times(P111)/ He desired I would stand like a colossus, with my legs as far asunder as I could. He then commanded his general to draw up the troops and march them under me.(P114)/ I was demanded to swear to the performance of them; first in the manner of my own country, and afterwards in the method by their laws, which was to hold my right foot in my left hand, to place the middle finger of my right hand on the crown of my head, and my thumb on the tip of my rightear.(P115)Note:The author cites the above mentioned instances to allude the ridiculous practices or tricks of English government and satires all aspects in the English life---so cially, politically and morally. The author’s skillful use of satire is so profound that it never escapes the attention of a careful reader.Henry Fielding1) Allworthy, Blifil, Sophia are all characters in Tom Jones, the Fondling.2) Recount, O Muse, the names of those who fell on this fatalday. …(P125)Note:The paragraph above lists names of people who fell in the fight against Molly. Henry Fielding, adopting the “third-person narration”, brings his talent of comic epic prose into a full play and earns his reputation of “Prose Homer.”Samuel JohnsonTo the Right Honorable the Earl of Chesterfield1) To be so distinguished is an honor which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge.Note:The sentences, written in refined and polite language, are long but well-structured.2) The Shepherd in Virgil grew at last acquainted with Love, and found him a native of rock.Note:Love and Him in the above sentence refers to the fame-fishing Chesterfield. “A native of rock” refers to the fact that the fame-fishing lord had offered neither aid nor encouragement to the author.3) Is it not a patron, one who looks with unconcern on a man struggling for life in the water, and when he has reached ground, encumbers him with help?Note:The above statement implies the fact that on the eve of publication of the dictionary, the fame-fishing lord wrote two papers to recommend the dictionary and expect the author dedicate the work to him.4) Having carried on my work thus far with so little obligation to any favor of learning, I shall not be disappointed, for I have been long wakened from that dream of hop in which I boasted myself with so much exultation.Note:The author shows his decision not to be reconciled with the lord, expressing his independence. Although the wording is refined and polite,there is a bitter undertone of defiance and anger.Richard Brinsley SheridanSchool of Scandal1) Josephs Surface, Sneerwell, Candor, Backbite, Teazle and Peter are characters in the School of Scandal,2) Sir Peter is grown so ill-tempered to me of late!(Teazle)P140)/I am glad my scandalous friends keep that up.(P140 Joseph Surface)/When a husband entertains a groundless suspicion of his wife and withdraws his confidence from her, the original compact is broken and she owes it to the honor of her sex to outwit him.(P140-P141)Note:If Sir Peter shows doubt to you, the mutual trust between husband and wife will no longer exist. So it is justified for you to be unchaste and punish him in this manner. The conversation above reveals Joseph’s immortality and hypocrisy behind the mask of his honorable living.Thomas GrayElegy in a Country Churchyard1) Beneath those rugged elms, that yew trees shade, where heaves the turf in many a molding heap. Each I his narrow cell forever laid the rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep.(P154)Note:The structure is: The turf heaves in many molding heap. It means that short and thick grass piles up on graves. Molding heap and narrow cell means graves or tombs.2) Let not ambition mock their useful toil, their homely joys, and destiny obscure.(P154)Note:Ambition refers to people with ambition. The poet mock the great ones who despise the common people.3) All that beauty, all that wealth ever gave awaits alike the inevitable hour.(P154)Note:the inevitable hour refers to the moment of deathChapter Three. Romantic PeriodWilliam BlakeThe Chimney Sweeper I1) Dick, Joe, Ned, and Jack were all locked up in coffins of black. And by come an angel who had a bright key and he opened the coffin and set them all free./The angel told Tom, if he would be a good boy, he would have God for his father, and never want joy.(P171)Note:Angel refers to the religion. “Set them all free” refers to the fact that religion brings some comfort to the people in misery.Chimney Sweeper II1) They clothed me in the clothes of death and taught me to sing the note of woe/They think they have done me no injury, and are gone to praise God and his priest and king, who make up a heave of misery.Note “They” refers to the religion. “taught me to sing the note of woe” and “make up a heaven of misery” refers to the fact that religion brings misery to the working people.The Tyger(P173)1) Tyger! Tyger! Burning bright, in the forest of the night. What immortal hand or eye could frame the fearful symmetry?Note:Tyger and the fearful symmetry refers to the harmony of the two opposite aspects of God creation.2) What wings dare he aspire? What the hand, dare seize the fire?Note: “wings” and “the fire” are related to Greek myth. They refer to the wonderful aspect of God creation.3) What the anvil? What dread grasp dare its deadly terrors clasp?Note: “dread” and “terror” are used to impl y the terrible aspect of God creation.4) When the stars threw down their spears, and water heaven with their tears. Did he smile his work to see? Did he who made the Lamb make you?Note:The word “heaven” coexists with “he”. They refer to the God. “Lamb”refers to the gentle and obedient aspect of God creation. “You” refer to the ambitious and disobedient aspect of the God creation. The theme of this poem is that the seemingly conflicting aspects coexist in the God creation.William Wordsworth(P181)I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud1) Beside the lake, beneath the trees, flittering and dancing in the breeze./Ten thousands saw I at a glance, tossing their heads in sprightly dance./ The waves beside them danced.Note: “dancing” is personification.2) I wandered lonely as a cloud…A poet could not but be gay./ They flash upon that inward eye which is the bliss of solitude.Note:It is happy to recall the beauty of nature while he is staying alone.Compound upon Westminster Bridge(P181)1) This City now does, like a garment, wear the beauty of the morning. And all that mighty heart is lying still.Note: “This City”and “The mighty heart” refer to LondonShe Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways(P182)1) A mad whom there were none to praise and very few to love. A violet by a mossy stone, half hidden from the eye!Note:A violet by a mossy stone refers to those common people living a humble life. All of them, like a stone hidden in the moss and grass, are unknown to the world.2) She is in her grave, and, oh, the difference to me.Note:The poet shows sympathy to the common people.英美文学选读问答题整理。
英美文学选读自学考试大纲

英美文学选读自学考试大纲一、考试简介英美文学选读自学考试旨在测试考生对于英美文学的基本概念、发展历程、重要作家及其作品的掌握程度,以及对于英美文学的基本理论和分析方法的了解和运用能力。
考试形式为闭卷笔试,考试时间为180分钟,满分为100分。
二、考试内容1、英美文学基本概念及发展历程(20%)测试考生对于英美文学的基本概念、发展历程和重要时期的了解和掌握程度。
2、英美文学重要作家及其作品(30%)测试考生对于英美文学的重要作家及其代表作品的了解和掌握程度,包括但不限于莎士比亚、简·奥斯汀、托尔斯泰、海明威等。
3、英美文学的基本理论和分析方法(30%)测试考生对于英美文学的基本理论和分析方法的了解和掌握程度,包括但不限于新批评、结构主义、后现代主义等。
4、阅读理解与写作能力(20%)测试考生的阅读理解能力和写作能力,包括对于所给文本的理解、分析、评价和论述能力。
三、考试形式及题型1、单项选择题(20分)要求考生从四个选项中选择一个最符合题意的答案。
2、多项选择题(20分)要求考生从五个选项中选择两个或以上的答案。
21、简答题(20分)要求考生用简短的语言回答问题,考查考生的理解和概括能力。
211、分析题(30分)要求考生对所给的文学作品进行分析、评价和论述,考查考生的分析能力和语言表达能力。
2111、写作题(10分)要求考生根据给定的题目和要求进行写作,考查考生的写作能力和语言表达能力。
四、自学建议系统学习英美文学基本知识:了解英美文学的发展历程、重要时期和流派,掌握基本概念和理论。
阅读重要作家作品:选择一些经典作家及其代表作品进行阅读和研究,深入了解作家的创作风格和思想内涵。
培养阅读和分析能力:通过阅读和分析文学作品,提高自己的阅读能力和分析能力,掌握基本的文学分析方法。
加强写作训练:通过写作练习,提高自己的写作能力和语言表达能力,为考试做好准备。
英美文学选读复习资料一、英国文学1、文艺复兴时期:代表人物:莎士比亚、培根、哈姆雷特等。
自考英语本科 英美文学选读 考试大纲

《英美文学选读》考试大纲全国考办在组织全国考委外语类专业委员会研究论证后,决定对高等教育自学考试英语语言文学专业“英美文学选读”(课程代码:0604)自学考试大纲的部分内容进行调整:具体调整如下:《英美文学选读自学考试大纲》的考核知识点与考核要求(一)关于考核知识点的调整考核知识点中的各章概述内容仍为考核内容;对知识点中的作家只保留对如下主要作家的考核。
英国文学:Chapter 1III. William ShakespeareVI. John MiltonChapter 2III. Daniel DefoeIV. Jonathan SwiftV. Henry FieldingChapter 3I. William BlakeII. William WordsworthV. Percy Bysshe ShelleyVII. Jane AustenChapter 4I. Charles DickensII. Charlotte BronteVI. Thomas HardyChapter 5I. George Bernard ShawIV.T. S. EliotV.D. H. Lawrence美国文学:Chapter 1III. Nathaniel HawthorneIV. Walt WhitmanV. Herman MelvilleChapter 2I. Mark TwainII. Henry JamesIII. Emily DickinsonIV. Theodore DreiserChapter 3II. Robert Lee FrostIV.F. Scott FitzgeraldV. Ernest HemingwayVI. William Faulkner二、关于考核要求的调整考核要求中每章概述内容不作调整:“该时期的重要作家”只包含对考核知识点中保留的重要作家的相关内容的考核原大纲如下:上篇英国文学第一章文艺复兴时期一、学习目的和要求通过本章的学习,了解文艺复兴运动和人文主义思潮产生的历史、文化背景,认识该时期文学创作的基本特征和基本主张,及其对同时代及其对同时代及后世英国文学乃至文化的影响;了解该时期重要作家的文学生涯、创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、评议风格、思想意义等;同时结合注释,读懂所选作品,了解其思想内容和写作特色,培养理解和欣赏文学作品的能力。
2023年自考专业(英语)《英美文学选读》考试历年真题摘选附带答案

2023年自考专业(英语)《英美文学选读》考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】What he had done is _______A.valueB.of valuableC.of no valueD.of no valuable2.【单选题】Robert Frost is generally considered a regional poet whose subject matters mainly focus on the landscape and people in( ).A.the westB.the southC.AlaskaD.New England3.【单选题】“The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one -eighth of it being abov e water. ” This “iceberg ” analogy about prose style was put forward by( ).A.William FaulknerB.Henry JamesC.Ernest HemingwayD.F· Scott Fitzgerald4.【单选题】Hemingway’s “Indian Camp ” is one of the fourteen short stories collected under the title of( ).This title is very ironic because there is no peace at all in the stories.A.Three Stories and Ten PoemsB.Across the River and into the TreesC.The Green Hills of AfricaD.In Our Time5.【单选题】The( )Age of the 1920s characterized by frivolity and carelessness is brought vividly to life in The Great Gatsby.A.LostB.JazzC.ReasonD.Gilded6.【单选题】After the American Civil War,the literary interest in the so- called “reality ” of life started a new period in the American literary writings know an the Age of( ).A.RealismB.Reason and RevolutionC.RomanticismD.Modernism7.【单选题】The attitude towards life that( )had been trying to demonstrate in his works is known as “grace under pressure ”.A.William FaulknerB.Theodore DreiserC.Ernest HemingwayD.F·Scott Fitzgerald8.【单选题】Eugene O’Neill ’s first full — length play,( ),won him the first Pulitzer theme is the choice between life and death,the interaction of subjective and objective factors.A.Bound East for CardiffB.The Hairy ApeC.Desire Under the ElmsD.Beyond the Horizon9.【单选题】The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and,especially,its sequence( )proved themselves to be the milestone in the American literature.A.The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB.Life on the MississippiC.The Gilded AgeD.Roughing It10.【单选题】Ezra Pound,a leading spokesman of the “( ) ”,was one of the mostimportant poets in his time.A.Imagist MovementB.Cubist MovementC.Reformist MovementD.Transcendentalist Movement11.【单选题】William Faulkner set most of his works in the American( ),with his emphasis on the( )subjects and consciousness.A.North...NorthernB.East...EasternC.West...WesternD.South...Southern12.【单选题】Now many major employers are beginning to demand _______ the completion of schoolA.more thanB.rather thanC.other thanD.better than13.【单选题】Which of the following statements is NOT true of Emily Dickinson and her poetry?A.She remained unmarried all her lifeB.She wrote,1,775 poems,and most of them were published during her life time.C.Her poems have no titles,hence are always quoted by their first lines.D.Her limited private world has never confined the limitless power of her creativity and imagination.14.【单选题】considered( ) “the true father of our national literature ”.A.Bret HarteB.Mark TwainC.Washington IrvingD.Walt Whitman15.【单选题】Most literary critics think that Fitzgerald is both an insider and an outsider of( )with a double vision.A.the Jazz AgeB.the Age of Reason and RevolutionC.the Babybooming AgeD.the Post- Modern Age16.【单选题】At the age of eighty -seven,( )read his poetry at the inauguration of President John in 1961.A.Robert FrostB.Walt WhitmanC.Ezra Pound17.【单选题】The Financier,The Titan and The Stoic by Theodore Dreiser are called his “Trilogy of( ). ”A.HatredB.DeathC.DesireD.Fate18.【单选题】In Go Down,Moses,( )illuminates the problem of black and white in Southern society as a closeknit destiny of blood brotherhood.A.William FaulknerB.Jack LondonC.Herman MelvilleD.Nathaniel Hawthorne19.【单选题】“The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one- eighth of it being above water. ” This “iceberg ” analogy is put forward by( ).A.Mark TwainB.Ezra PoundC.William FaulknerD.Ernest Hemingway20.【单选题】The Nobel Prize Committee highly praised( )for “his powerful style -forming mastery of the art ” of creating modern fiction.A.Ezra PoundB.Ernest HemingwayC.Robert FrostD.Theodore Dreiser第2卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】That is the house _______ you can enjoy the scenery.A. in thatB.thatC.whichD.from which2.【单选题】( )is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th —century “stream— of —consciousness ” novels and the founder of psychological realism.A.Theodore DreiserB.William FaulknerC.Henry JamesD.Mark Twain3.【单选题】In 1950,( )was awarded the Nobel Prize for the anti-racist Intruder in the Dust.A.William FaulknerB.Robert FrostC.Ezra PoundD.Ernest Hemingway4.【单选题】In 1920,( )published his first novel This Side of Paradise which was,to some extent,his own story.A.F·Scott FitzgeraldB.Ernest HemingwayC.William FaulknerD.Emily Dickinson5.【单选题】This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ the height of students at different agesA.withB.forC.toD.in6.【单选题】Mark Twain’s particular concern about the local character of a region came about as “local colorism, ” a unique va riation of American literary( ).A.romanticismB.nationalismC.modernismD.realism7.【单选题】The Portrait of A Lady is generally considered to be( )masterpiece,which describes the life journey of an American( )in a European cultural environment.A.Henry Adams’…widowB.William James ’…girlC.Henry James’…girlD.Theodore Dreiser ’s…widow8.【单选题】Opposition leaders will be watching carefully to see how the Prime Minister ________ the crisis.A.handlesB.conductsC.observesD.directs9.【单选题】She disagrees ______ him ______ everything.A.with, onB./, onC.with, atD.on, with10.【单选题】Henry James’ fame generally rests upon his novels and stories with the( )theme.A.internationalB.localC.colonialD.post-modern11.【单选题】In most of his writings,( )deliberately broke up the chronology of his narrative by juxtaposing the past with the present,in the way the montage does in a movie.A.Walt WhitmanB.William FaulknerC.Ernest HemingwayD. Fitzgerald12.【单选题】The teacher told us the fact _______.A.which the earth moves around the sunB.that the earth moved around the sunC.that the sun moves around the earthD.that the earth moves around the sun13.【单选题】It was his masterpiece The Great Gatsby that made( )one of the greatest American novelists.A. FitzgeraldB.William FaulknerC.Ernest HemmingwayD.Gertrude Steinbeck14.【单选题】In 1950,one of the leading American writers( )was awarded the Nobel Prize for the anti-racist Intruder in the Dust.A.Robert FrostB.Theodore DreiserC.William FaulknerD.Fitzgerald15.【单选题】“My last Duchess ” is a poem that best exemplifies Robert Browning ’s( ).A.sensitive ear for the sounds of the English languageB.excellent choice of wordsC.mastering of the metrical devicese of the dramatic monologue16.【单选题】William Faulkner once said that( )is a story of “lost innocence, ” which proves itself to be an intensification of the theme of imprisonment in the past.A.The Great GatsbyB.The Sound and the FuryC.Absalom,Absalom!D.Go Down,Moses17.【单选题】Mark Twain employed an unpretentious style of( )in his novels which is best described as “vernacular ”.A.standard EnglishB.Afro-American EnglishC.colloquialismD.urbanism18.【单选题】In the original test,all the animals in a test group are given a substance _______ half of them dieA.unlessB.untilC.lestD.provided19.【单选题】Like all naturalists,( )was restrained from finding a solution to the social problems that appeared in his novels and accordingly almost all his works have tragic endings.A.Theodore DreiserB.Henry JamesC.Washington IrvingD.Walt Whitman20.【单选题】Man is a “victim of forces over which he has no control. ” This is a notion held strongly by( ).A.Robert FrostB.Theodore DreiserC.Henry JamesD.Hamlin Garland第1卷参考答案一.全考点综合测验1.正确答案:C本题解析:of+n=adj ,可以作表语。
《英美文学》课程教学大纲(本科)

《英美文学》课程教学大纲(本科)《英美文学》课程教学大纲课程编号:04095、04096课程英文名称:British Literature & American Literature学时数:144 学分数:8适用层次和专业:英语专业本科三年级一、课程的性质和目的《英美文学》是我院英语专业高年级学生的专业选修课,本课程的I」的在于:培养学生阅读、欣赏、理解英美文学原著的能力,掌握文学批评的基本知识和方法。
通过阅读和分析英美文学作品,促进学生语言基本功和人文素质提高,增强学生读对西方文学知识及文化的了解。
二、课程教学内容及各章节学时分配第一部分英国文学第一章盎格鲁撒克逊时期英国文学(1学时)第一节盎格鲁撒克逊时期文学渊源知识点:该时期的文学流派、代表作家、代表作品第二节《贝奥武甫》的艺术特征及其对英国文学的贡献知识点:该作品中的头韵、含蓄陈述、隐喻等艺术特征、第一部民族史诗对英国文学的影响第二章中世纪英国文学(3学时)第一节中世纪文学概述知识点:文学时期划分、文学特点、代表作家第二节杰佛利・乔叟知识点:生平、创作生涯、《坎特伯雷故事集》的情节、内容、主题《坎特伯雷故事集》节选:语言特点、艺术成就第三节英国和苏格兰民谣知识点:内容、形式、语言特点、代表作品《罗宾汉和埃林阿代尔》:寓意、语言特点第三章文艺复兴时期英国文学(12学时)第一节文艺复兴运动知识点:意大利文艺复兴运动的兴起、人文主义思潮、文艺复兴时期的文学渊源、英国的文艺复兴、宗教改革运动及影响第二节英国文艺复兴时期的文学知识点:伊丽莎白时代的历史文化背景、意大利文学对英国文学的影响、伊丽莎口时代的戏剧、伊丽莎白时代的诗歌第三节文艺复兴时期的主要作家知识点:(1)埃德蒙•斯宾塞生平、创作生涯、代表作品的构思、情节、内容、主题(2)克里斯托夫•马洛生平、创作生涯、著名悲剧、思想艺术成就(3)威廉•莎士比亚生平、戏剧创作生涯、代表作品及其故事梗概、惜节结构、人物塑造、语言风格、思想意义、诗歌、艺术成就《威尼斯商人》选段、悲剧《哈姆雷特》选段、十四行诗(18)(4)弗兰西斯•培根生平、主要作品、语言特点、杰出贡献《论学习》的结构、内容、语言特点(5)约翰•邓恩生平、玄学诗派、文学创作、诗歌、散文第四章十七世纪英国文学(4学时)第一节十七世纪的文学概述知识点:十七世纪历史文化背景、十七世纪文学三个时期的划分、十七世纪文学特点第二节十七世纪的主要作家知识点:(1)约翰•弥尔顿生平、文学创作、史诗《失乐园》、主要作品、艺术特占(2)约翰•班扬生平、文学创作、主要作品、艺术特点《天路历程》第一章的主要内容、人物性格、语言特点第五章十八世纪英国文学(12学时)第一节启蒙运动知识点:启蒙运动产生的时代背景、启蒙运动的人文观、启蒙运动的理性准则第二节新古典主义知识点:新古典主义的创作旨意、新古典主义的文学渊源、新古典主义关于散文、诗歌、戏剧创作的标准第三节新古典主义时期的文学知识点:早期新古典主义诗歌、英国现实主义小说的诞生、哥特式小说与伤感主义文学的兴起第四节十八世纪的主要作家知识点:(1)亚历山大•蒲伯生平、创作生涯、文学观、主要作品、语言风格选读《论批评》节选:作品体裁、结构、语言风格(2)丹尼尔•笛福生平、社会观、主要作品、创作特点《鲁滨逊漂流记》第九章、第十章的主要内容、人物性格、语言特点、作者的创作意义(3)乔纳森•斯威夫特生平、创作生涯、人文观、讽刺散文的语言风格《格列佛游记》第一部分第四章的人物性格、语言特点、作品的主题(4)亨利•菲尔丁生平、戏剧和小说创作活动、对英国小说的贡献、语言特色《汤姆•琼斯》第四部、第八章的人物的刻画、史诗特征(5)塞缪尔•约翰逊生平、创作生涯、主要作品、新古典主义的文学观及语言风格、对英国语言的贡献(6)理查德・比・谢立丹生平、戏剧创作生涯、戏剧的主题、主要作品、写作技巧《造谣学校》第三幕第四场的作品的主题、人物性格、语言特点(7)威廉•布莱克生平、政治宗教观点、诗歌创作主张、主要作品、诗歌的主要特点及思想意义、对20世纪英国文学的影响《伦敦》、《老虎》的主题思想、语言风格、艺术特色等(8)罗伯特•彭斯生平、诗歌创作主张、主要作品、诗歌主要特点及思想意义《一朵红红的玫瑰》的主题思想、语言风格、艺术特色第六章浪漫主义时期英国文学(14学时)第一节浪漫主义思潮知识点:浪漫主义时期英国社会的历史背景、法国大革命对英国的影响、浪漫主义文学的渊源、浪漫主义文学创作的基本主张、英国浪漫主义文学的特点、浪漫主义文学对同时代及后世英国文学的影响笫二节浪漫主义时期的主要作家知识点:(1)威廉•华兹华斯生平及创作生涯、诗歌创作主张、主要作品、诗歌的主要特点及思想意义、诗歌的艺术成就、对同时代及后世英国文学的影响《孤寂的割麦女》、《水仙》、《虹》的主题思想、语言风格、艺术特色等(2)塞•特•科勒律治生平及创作生涯、文学创作主张、哲学思想和文学批评观、主要作品、诗歌的主要特点及思想意:义、文学创作及文艺批评思想对同时代及后世英国文学的影响(3)乔治•戈登•拜伦生平及创作生涯、主要诗作、主要特点及社会意义《她行走在美的光影中》的主题思想、语言风格、艺术特色等(4)珀•比•雪莱生平、诗歌创作主张、主要作品、诗歌的主要特点及思想意义、对同时代及后世英国文学的影响《西风颂》、《云雀颂》的主题思想、语言风格、艺术特色(5)约翰•济慈生平及创作生涯、美学思想、主要诗作、诗歌的主要特点及思想意义、诗歌对同时代及后世英国文学的影响《夜莺颂》、《秋颂》的主题思想、语言风格、艺术特色(6)简•奥斯汀生平及创作生涯、小说创作思想、主要作品、小说的主要特点及社会意义、小说对后世英国文学的影响《傲慢与偏见》的故事梗概、主题结构、人物塑造、语言风格及作品的意义第七章维多利亚时代英国文学(12学时)第一节维多利亚时代英国文学及社会思潮概述知识点:早期的经济发展与社会动乱、中期的繁荣昌盛和社会稳定、晚期的势力衰退和社会道德观念的改变、科学发现对传统的社会和宗教观念的影响、功利主义思潮的泛滥第一节维多利亚时期的文学知识点:小说的形式、该时代小说家的共性、散文和诗歌形式、技术方面的实验和创新第三节维多利亚时期的主要作家知识点:(2)查尔斯•狄更斯生平及创作生涯、作品中的批判现实主义思想与社会改良主义倾向、前期作品的思想与艺术特征、后期作品的思想与艺术特征、创作特色与艺术成就《雾都孤儿》第三章、《大卫•科波菲尔》第四章、第五十五章的主题结构、人物塑造、语言风格及作品的意义(2)夏洛特•布朗蒂生平、创作思想和主题、作品的社会意义《简•爱》第二十三章的女主人公形象、在逆境中求自我道德完善的主题(3)埃米莉•布朗蒂生平、、创作主题、对同时代及后世英国文学的影响《呼啸山庄》第十五章的小说的主题、故事的叙述手法、强烈情感的描述(4)阿尔弗雷德•丁尼生生平、诗歌创作生涯、主要作品、艺术特色《渡沙洲》、《尤利西斯》的主题思想、艺术特征(5)罗伯特•布朗亍生平与诗歌创作生涯、主要作品、戏剧独白、艺术特点《我逝去的公爵夫人》、《夜会》、《晨别》的主题思想、艺术特征(6)乔治•艾略特生平及创作生涯、新型小说、女性文学观《织工马南》第二十八章的作品的主题、语言风格(7)托马斯・哈代生平与创作生涯、创作倾向、作品中的“宿命观”、批判现实主义思想、艺术特色《德伯家的苔丝》的作品的主题、人物刻画、语言特色《呼唤》的主题思想、艺术特征第八章二十世纪英国文学(14学时)第一节二十世纪英国文学概述知识点:20世纪英国社会的历史文化背景、两次世界大战对英国的影响、英国20世纪批判现实主义文学、现代主义文学的兴起与衰落、现代主义文学创作的基本主张、英国现代主义文学、英国现代主义文学的特点、现代主义文学对当代英国文学的影响第二节二十世纪的主要作家知识点:(1)乔治•布纳德・萧伯纳生平与创作生涯、政治改革思想和文学创作主张、戏剧创作主张、主要作品、戏剧的特点与社会意义、萧伯纳的戏剧对20世纪英国文学的影响《鳏夫的房产》的主要内容、人物塑造、语言特点、艺术手法(2)约翰•高尔斯华绥生平与创作生涯、创作思想、小说的主要特点及社会意义《福尔塞世家》的主要内容、人物性格、语言特点、叙事手法(3)威廉•勃特勒•叶芝生平及创作生涯、诗歌创作思想、代表作品、诗歌的特点及思想意义、艺术成就、叶芝的诗歌对当代英国文学的影响、戏剧创作《1916年复活节》、《库尔庄园的野天鹅》的语言风格、艺术特色等(4)T・S•艾略特生平及创作生涯、文学理论与文艺批评观点、主要诗歌作品、艺术特色及社会意义、文学创作及文艺批评思想对现当代英国文学的影响《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》的主题结构、思想内容、语言特色、艺术手法(5)戴维•赫伯特•劳伦斯生平及创作生涯、创作思想、主要作品、艺术特色及社会意义、劳伦斯的小说对现当代英国文学的影响《儿子与情人》的主要内容、人物性格、语言特点、艺术手法(6)詹姆斯•乔伊斯生平与创作生涯、文学创作主张与美学思想、主要作品、小说的主要艺术特色及思想意义、艺术成就、作品对现当代世界文学的影响《青年艺术家的肖像》所选作品的主题思想、人物塑造、语言特色、艺术手法(7)弗吉尼亚•伍尔芙生平与创作生涯、意识流小说、其作品和小说理论对英国现代主义小说理论与创作的贡献《达罗卫夫人》的主要内容、表现手法、艺术特征、叙事方式(8)迪伦•托马斯生平与创作生涯、超现实主义的表现手法、其独特的诗歌艺术特征对当代英国诗坛的影响《羊齿山》、《不要温雅地步入那美妙的夜晚》的艺术特征、主题思想(9)菲利普•拉金生平与创作生涯、运动派诗歌、其独特的诗风和诗歌主张对当代英国诗坛的影响《去教堂》的艺术特征和主题思想(10)特德•休斯生平与创作生涯、其动物暴力诗的艺术特征和主题思想《栖息之鹰》的艺术特征和主题思想(11)西默斯•希尼生平与创作生涯、其作品纯美的语言风格和鲜明的爱尔兰民族色彩《沼泽地》的艺术特征和主题思想第二部分美国文学Part One (4 periods)The Colonial Period and Thel7th Century Literature of PuritanismHistorical Backgroundi.Religious Cause: Puritanism / Puritan thoughtsii.Economic ones:2.Development of Literaturei.Characteristicsii・ Authors: William Bradford, Anne Bradstreet, Edward TaylorPart Two (4 periods)The Period of Enlightenment1.Historical Backgroundi・ American revolutionii.The age of reason2.Development of Literaturei・ Benjamin Franklin: Autobiographyii. Philip FreneauPart Three (20 periods)New England Transcendentalism and Romantic AgeA. Period of Pre-Romanticism1.Historical BackgroundTran see nden talism2.Development of Literaturei.Romanticism3.Major WritersWashington Irving: Rip Van winkleB. Period of Post-Romanticism1.Historical Backgroundi.Civil Warii.Anti-slavery movement2.Development of Literature3.Major Writersi.Edgar Allen Poe: To Helenii.Ralph Waldo Emerson: Natureiii.Walt Whitman: Songs of Myselfiv.Nathaniel Hawthorne: The Scarlet Letterv.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow: A Psalm of Lifevi.Emily DickinsonPart Four (16 periods)The Age of Realism1.Historical BackgroundThe Gilded AgeNew England Renaissanee2.Development of Literaturei.Realism: definitions & Characteristicsii.Realism vs romanticismiii.Practitioners: William Dean Howells, Henry James, MarkTwain 3.Major WritersMark Twain: The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnPart Five (12 periods)American Naturalism1. Historical Background1.The First World Warii.The Jazz agemercialized society2.Development of Literaturei.Naturalism: definitions & Characteristicsii.Practiti on ers: Stephen Crane, Frank Norris, Jack Lon don, etc ・3.Major WritersTheodore Dreiser: Sister CarrieRobert Frost: Stopping by Woods on a Snowy EveningPart Six (8 periods)American Modernism1.Historical Backgroundi.Great depressionii.The Second World War2.Development of Literaturei.Modernism: definitions & Characteristicsii.Lost Generation: Ernest Hemingway, Ezra Pound, e. e. cummings etc.3.Major WritersErnest Hemingway: A Farewell to ArmsJoh n Stein beck: The Grapes of WrathWilliam FaulknerPart Seven (8 periods)American Literature Since 19451.Historical Backgroundi.Political Situation: Cold War, Korean War, Cuban missile crisis, Vietnam War etc・ii.Ideological Development2.Development of Literaturei.The Beat Gen eratio n: Alle n Gin sberg etc ・ii.Jewish writers: Saul Bellow etc・iii.Black American Literature3.Major WritersSaul BellowAllen GinsbergAlice Walker三、课程教学基本要求在教学中应该使学生对英美文学形成与发展的全貌有一个大概的了解;通过指导学生阅读具有代表性的英美文学作品,理解作品的内容,从而掌握分析作品的艺术特色和评价文学作品的方法。
自学考试英美文学选读要点中英文概要

1234代价,与敌人同归于尽。
51. In his life, Milton shows himself a real revolutionary, a master poet and a great prose writer. 弥尔顿毕生都展现了真正的革命精神和非凡的诗歌才华。
52. Paradise Lost:人类由于理性不强,意志薄弱,经不起考验,暗示英国自产主义革命失败的原因。
Chapter2 The Neoclassical Period(1660-1798新古典主义1. In short, it was an age full of conflicts and divergence of values. 总之, 这一时期是矛盾与价值观分歧的时期。
2. The eighteenth-century England is also known as the Age of Enlighte nment or the Age of Reason. 英国的十八世纪也同时是启蒙主义时代, 或曰理性时代。
3. Its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas. 运动的主旨便是用当代哲学与艺术思想的晨光启迪整个世界。
4. Enlighteners held that rationality or reason should be the only, the fin al cause of any human thought and activities. They called for a referenc e to order, reason and rules. 启蒙者主张理性是任何人思想与行动的唯一缘由。
他们大力提倡秩序,理性及法律。
5. As a matter of fact, literature at the time, heavily didactic and moralizi ng, becamea very popular means of public education. 其实, 当时的文学作品种充满了说教与道德理念,就已经成为大众教育的良好工具。
自考英美文学选读课件(超级完整版)

制作思维导图
利用思维导图工具将笔记内容可视化,形成 清晰的知识网络。
定期复习
定期回顾和复习笔记内容,加深记忆和理解; 同时不断补充和完善笔记。
08
课程总结与展望未来
课程重点内容回顾
01 文学流派与时期
本课程涵盖了从古典到现代的英美文学发展,重 点介绍了各个时期的代表性流派,如浪漫主义、 现实主义、现代主义等。
周完成一篇读书笔记等。
制定学习计划
根据学习目标,制定详细的学习计划, 包括学习时间、学习内容、学习方法 等。
监督与调整
定期检查学习进度,根据实际情况调 整学习计划,确保按计划执行。
如何提高阅读速度和效率
预览与预测
在阅读前预览文本,了解大致内容和结 构,预测可能涉及的主题和观点。
意群阅读
通过意群阅读,将单词组合成有意义 的短语或句子,提高阅读速度和理解
《傲慢与偏见》
通过贝内特家五个女儿的婚恋经历, 探讨婚姻与爱情的真谛。
《尤利西斯》
通过主人公布鲁姆一天的生活,表现 现代人的孤独与迷茫。
07
自学方法与技巧分享
如何制定自学计划并执行
确定学习目标
明确自考英美文学选读的学习目标, 包括掌握文学理论、了解文学流派、
熟悉重要作家作品等。
分解学习任务
将学习计划分解为可执行的小任务, 如每天阅读一定数量的文学作品、每
英美戏剧流派及特点
古典主义戏剧
以古希腊和古罗马戏 剧为典范,注重情节、 结构和语言的完美和 谐。
浪漫主义戏剧
强调情感、个性和自 然的表达,追求超越 现实的理想境界。
现实主义戏剧
关注现实生活和社会 问题,通过刻画典型 人物和环境来揭示社 会本质。
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美文学这门科目庞大之极,堪称英本自考之最。
自己一个人看那么厚的一本书,不用说能不能看下来,能记住多少实在不好说!我在复习的时候,总结了一些规律,与大家分享,望对你有用,帮你顺利通过!1.题型分析:一般来讲,肯定是这种类型:a.单项选择题(40道,40分) b.引文简析(无非就是问问作者是谁,出自哪个作品,主题意象什么的,4道,16分)c.简答题(4道,24分)d.论述题(无非就是分析加读后感,20分)经验:你应该可以看出来了,重点当然是单选了,分数大,又好得分,实在不行还可以蒙。
建议尽可能把书看一遍,但不要看作者生平,那肯定不会考。
有个印象就可以了,不用去背,如果你汉语文学功底好,可以省去不少时间。
2.比例分析据本人统计,历年来英美文学的国考试卷中英国文学占52%,美国文学占48%。
(2003年4月例外,其中英国部分58%)其中,可以看出单选题:前22题肯定为英国部分,其余为美国部分。
大题部分:基本上是一人一半,各占50%经验:书上共652页,英国411页,美国241页。
英国作家共38位,美国15位。
其中,美国部分中,诗歌作品也比较少,比较好确认。
结论:死学美国,顺带英国。
3.内容分析历年命题的趋势逐渐由课文内容向选读作品转移,选读的比重越来越大。
经验:课文内容作到大体了解,但要特别重视作家艺术特色。
选读部分加大力度,多注意书上的注释及选文大意和某些细节,尽量作到能用英语复述。
实在不行,也至少作到能用汉语复述。
4.真题解析及预测自学考试的一大特点就是重复率高,所以历年试题是必惫的复习材料,不可缺少。
有人说:“一套真题等于3套模拟题!”这话绝对没错。
所以要花大力气在上面。
记得我考那回就有一道10分大题和前一年的一模一样。
注:马克吐温的《哈克贝里费恩历险记》的分析在2000~2002年中,连续考了三次。
经验:注意历年真题,尤其是去年的。
去年的10分大题大致如下:a.《傲慢与偏见》中的三种婚姻b.《白鲸》选文作品复述几分析象征意义。
================================================4月14日]投机取巧教你过英美文学[压题篇]本文是投机取巧过英美文学的最后一篇,收录北京市2004年4月10日英美文学考试的试题(除选择题外),是我在北京自考论坛处网友处所得,特此对提供帮助的朋友表示感谢。
二、1、Thomas Gray:Elegy in the Country Churchyard的第一段2、Yeats的Down by the sallen garden,考的是他俩站在河边,那个女孩*在他肩头,他觉得自己年轻懵懂,而且泪流满面。
3、Emyly Bronte的Whuthering Heights里面Hethcliff在他lover临死之前的那段表现,还问了narrator是谁4、Emlily Dikinson的I Heard a Fly Buzz--When I died,问那个blue Buzz是什么意思三、1、考的是Theodore Dreiser 的Sister Carrie. 问的是关于natrualism的概念.2、Eliot的Love Song of J.Alfred Pru.K,考的是yellow frog那段,问两个yellow的出现表现什么?对全文所表达主题的作用。
3、Gulliver's Travels,就考了那段candidate在royal面前大为表现的那段,问了那个lilliput象征了什么4、Faulkner的Rose for Emily,考的是对她家老房子和周围环境的描写那段,问Emily和South的关系,还有她们之间的关系象征了什么更深的东西。
四、1,用Marlowe和Shakespeare的作品为例,说明the spirit of Renaissance2,引用了Pound的The Station in Matro,就是什么人群中有apparition那两句,用此诗来解释imagism编者注:虽然4月18日的国考题不见得会一样,但考友们可以做个借鉴。
依我的经验,一定会有重复的考题!建议对策:一.美国部分内容较少,我没记错的话,应该是15位作家,13首诗,1幕剧The Hairy Ape ,1篇散文Nature,9个小说节选。
1.先说小说。
至少每一个节选你都要知道大意,和表达的主题(包括象征,隐喻,etc)。
也就是说,选文你可以不看,但选文前的斜体介绍不能不看,那里集中着考点。
记住的越多越好。
2.再说诗歌。
美国部分的诗歌除了“easy”想不出别的来形容,原因是其口语风格。
你所要做的,就是记住名字,然后把简介(就是诗歌前面的斜体内容)和书上的注释部分背下来。
我敢说你诗歌部分(也就是第二题)基本OK了。
3.至于散文和戏剧,不用花大力气,两者的方法同小说部分。
另:Nature你要注意新英格兰超验主义,和“The Transparent eyeball”。
千万别去读《毛猿》,太乱,不易读懂。
4.关于如何对待课文内容,千万别看作者生平,肯定不考。
建议略过生平,采取两遍的方法:第一遍先用笔画,画出你认为可能出题的地方,第二遍只看你画的地方,记住关键词。
还有,参照书后的大纲,大纲上提到的作品有限,如果时间紧,就只记住大纲提到的作品便可省去不少时间。
二.英国部分的方法同美国,但见于其内容太多,所以可以适用时间充裕的人。
此处不再敖述。
就我对从1999~2003年国考题的分析看,大纲每一章后都有一个终结,包括一般了解,了解,掌握,应用等。
最后一道20分的大题一般都是大纲的应用部分的内容,应给予高度重视。
首先我想与大家谈论一下参考书,我看见网上有人询问是否有什么好的参考书。
我总共买了二本参考书,用处不大,浪费时间不少。
只有把课本彻底看透,你才能掌握主要脉络,才会产生PASS的信心。
仔细对照,你可以看出参考书上无非也是从书上COPY过来,只能让你看一遍参考书,又看一遍书本。
我能理解大家想偷机取巧的想法,参考书必定是比课本薄得多,看上去象精选集,但事实并非如此,实际考题说明一切。
考题不会超大纲,答案自然都在书上。
只不过来年考题会从越来越偏僻角落去选择,所以课本也就越发重要。
我现在都能想象出题老师得意笑容,"我出的题难什么,都在书上"。
当我看完第一遍书时,其过程实在是艰涩痛苦,捏着厚厚书真觉得苦海无涯,望也望不到出头之日。
但奇妙的感觉在后面,当我第二,三,四遍看完,当然到后面是以翻看形式了,书本捏在手上变得越来越薄了。
我认为以课本为基础,在自己脑海中形成的超薄精选集才是正直实用有效的参考书,在网上是下载不到,书店里也买不到。
你所需要做的是把这课本看懂,读透,翻烂。
I don't want to say this is only choice, but it actually is, and an most direct and efficient way. Dont find too much resources, which cant easy your job, but increase your burden.我看见许多人说背不出,或怎样背。
大家都是这条路上过来的难兄难弟,多半白天要上班,晚上要背书,有段时间我近似绝望,怀疑自己提早进入老年痴呆症,健忘症。
我不断弄混名字,作品,时期,英美不分。
就现在考题看来,题型已不是单纯浅显记忆题,而是在此基础上的综合理解题,在今年的部分选择题,简答题里都是这样。
如果不掌握最基本的(纯粹背的),PASS是绝无希望。
我的方法是建立一个树枝结构。
复习开始时面对的最大困惑是东西太多,无从下手,而且更糟是前背后忘记,忘得比背得快,简直是没天理,花下去的时间精力似乎打了水漂。
当然要让每个作家都能象对Shakespeare一样一听就有个大概印象,没有充足广泛阅读量是无法做到的。
既然太深一下子沉不到海底,我索性浮起来从面上抓,我的树枝结构应运而生。
可以说书前的目录就是主树杆,每个时期是树枝,每个作家便是树叉,单是这样还是很抽像很难记,加上不同的"色彩形状的叶子",开始不用很多,节选作品,称号(e.g. the father of ..... or the Poet's Poet),相关术语(Whitman-free verse, Emerson-trascandentalism),正是这些"叶子"使树叉有其独特之处,成为记忆的载体。
这样我一下子把英美文学浓缩成二张卡片,在回家上班路上忙里偷闲时看一下,记一下,背一下。
嗨,各位,这真得很有效噢,在很短时间内,我可以做出60%的选择题了,并将茫然无序的思路理清。
Though my tree is still in winter, "if winter comes, can Spring be far behind?"。
这也许可作为根基吧,但其巩固是在这棵树枝繁叶茂的过程中,基础巩固与细节化是相辅相承的。
然后我准备了一份小册子,一页一位作家,每页再加上作家主要作品,风格,特点,作品情节,语言,人物描写,功献,第一或最后本作品,最成功作品,最....,通过你不断从课本中汲取,你的树会茁壮成长,并且由重点到细节,从记忆,熟悉,理解整个过程基本附合考纲要求,完美状态是直至差不多等于课本知识的涵盖量(这是共产主义状态,说实在的我没达到,真是革命尚未成功,同志还需努力)。
英美文学是综合学科,要通过或考好,是需要日常对英美历史背景熟悉,对大量著作的阅读,研究体会的。
死记硬背真的只是应付考试的,原始而无意义手段,而且对来年的考题是没办法应付的噢!以下还有一些小窍门,希望有帮助:1.先复习美国文学,后英国文学;2.美国文学可先从现实主义阶段开始,英国文学可先从维多利亚阶段开始;3.去年考过题还会再考;4.诗中解释较多的话,找那些能反映主题的解释多背背;明年多半是课本没有的解释了,考你的对诗理解程度了,5。
对各阶段时期特征多花功夫复习;6.明年的理解题,综合题,比较题必然多,例如:1.二个阶段思想,风格比较,举例说明;2.描述一个阶段思想,风格特点,举例说明;3.比较二个同一,不同阶段诗人,剧作家,小说家,举其作品说明;4.详细说明一个术语,一种写作方式,风格,主义如何运用,举代表人物,作品说明,(eg, this year question: What is Allegory concerned with its implying meaning?)刁钻复杂的题人人都可猜,我并非想例出一点希奇古怪的题扰乱你们的思路。
这次四月考试,我是充满信心拿高分,对每位作家或诗人我都仔细复习到了,但题目仍是出乎我意料之外,我觉得不公平是题型已不是去年直白而水平的出题方式,是一种纵向综合题型。