自考英美文学选读复习资料
《英美文学选读》复习资料
《英美文学选读》复习指导资料《英美文学选读》复习指导资料一． 课程介绍：课程介绍：本课程由英国文学和美国文学两个部分组成。
主要内容包括英美文学发展史及代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读。
及代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读。
文学史部分从英美两国历史、文学史部分从英美两国历史、文学史部分从英美两国历史、语言、语言、语言、文化发文化发展的角度，简要介绍英美两国文学各个历史时代的主要历史背景、文学文化思潮、文学流派、社会政治、经济、文化等对文学发展的影响，主要作家的文学生涯，创作思想，艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义等。
选读部分主要接选了英美文学史上各个时期重要作家的代表作品，包括诗歌、戏剧、小说、散文等。
戏剧、小说、散文等。
二． 《英美文学选读》的考核目标，按照识记，领会，应用规定应当达到的能力层次要求。
三个层次呈递进关系，其含义是：识记：识记： 有关的概念、定义、知识点等能够记住领会：领会： 在识记的基础上，能够把握基本概念、基本方法和彼此之间的关系和区别和区别应用了在领会的基础上，能运用本课程的基本理论，能运用本课程的基本理论，基本知识和方法来分析基本知识和方法来分析英美文学作品，并能用英语正确表达。
Part 1 English Literature An Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature 一．重点：有关这部分的文学史内容一．重点：有关这部分的文学史内容1．古代英国文学和中世纪英国文学的起始阶段2．英国文学史上的第一部民族史诗----Beowulf 3．中世纪文学的主要文学形式-----Romance 4．Geoffrey Chaucer 的文学贡献的文学贡献二．练习：二．练习：1. Choose the best answer for each blank. 1). The period of ______ English literature begins from about 450 to 1066, the year of ______. A . Old----Renaissance A. Old----Renaissance B. Middle---- the Norman Conquest of England C . Middle ---- Renaissance C. Middle ---- Renaissance D. Old---- the Norman Conquest of England 2).. 2).. The The The Medieval Medieval Medieval period period period in in in English English English literature literature literature extends extends extends from from from 1066 1066 1066 up up up to to to the the ______ century. A . mid-13th A. mid-13th B. mid-14th C. mid-15th D. mid-16th 3). Beowulf, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded today as the national ______ of the Anglo-Saxons. A . sonnet A. sonnet B. essay C. epic D. novel 4). 4). In The Canterbury Tales, ______ presented to In The Canterbury Tales, ______ presented to us us a comprehensive realistic a comprehensive realistic picture picture of of of the the the English English English society society society of of of his his his time time time and and and created created created a a a whole whole whole gallery gallery gallery of of of vivid vivid characters from all walks of life. A. A. Geoffrey Geoffrey Chaucer Chaucer B. B. William Shakespeare Shakespeare C. C. Francis Bacon D. William Langland 5). 5). For For For the the the Renaissance, Renaissance, Renaissance, ______ ______ ______ was was was regarded regarded regarded as as as the the the English English English Homer. Homer. His reputation reputation has has has been been been securely securely securely established established established as as as one one one of of of the the the best best best English English English poets poets poets for for for his his wisdom, humor and ______. A . Geoffrey Chaucer----wits A. Geoffrey Chaucer----wits B. William Shakespeare----wits C . Geoffrey Chaucer----humanity C. Geoffrey Chaucer----humanity D. William Shakespeare----humanity 6). After the conquest of 1066, three languages co-existed in England. They are ______, ______ and ______. A . Old English, Greek, Latin A. Old English, Greek, Latin B. Old English, French, Latin C . Old English, Greek, French C. Old English, Greek, French D. English, Greek, French 7). 7). Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Chaucer Chaucer Chaucer is is is the the the greatest greatest greatest writer writer writer of of of the the the Medieval Medieval Medieval period period period in in in English English literature. In “The Legend of Good Women”, he used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which is to be called later the ______. A . couplet A. couplet B. blank verse C. heroic couplet D. epic 8). 8). Thematically Thematically Thematically the the the poem poem poem “Beowulf” “Beowulf” “Beowulf” presents presents presents a a a vivid vivid vivid picture picture picture of of of how how how the the primitive people wage heroic struggle against the hostile forces of the ______ world under a wise and mighty ______. A. A. spiritual----hero B . B. natural----leader C. spiritual----god D. natural----monster 9). It can be said that though essentially still a medieval writer, Geoffrey Chaucer bore marks of humanism and anticipated a new ______ to come. A . man A. man B. theory C. doctrine D. era 10). 10). Geoffrey Geoffrey Geoffrey Chaucer Chaucer Chaucer introduced introduced introduced from from from France France France the the the rhymed rhymed rhymed stanzas stanzas stanzas of of of various various types to English poetry to replace the Old English ______ verse. A . rhymed A. rhymed B. alliterative C. social D. visionary 2. Explain the following literal terms. 1). Romance 2). Heroic Couplet 3). Epic 3. Answer the following questions. 1). How many groups do the Old English poetry poetry divided into? What divided into? What are they? Which group does Beowulf belong to? Why? 2). What is the contribution of Geoffrey Chaucer to English literature? Chapter1. The The Renaissance Period一．重点一．重点前言部分前言部分1． 文艺复兴的起源，起始时间，内容及特征2． 人文主义的有关主张及对文学的影响人文主义的有关主张及对文学的影响3． 文艺复兴时期的主要文学形式及其特征练习：练习：Renaissance Period 1. Choose the best answer for each blank. 1). 1). The The The Renaissance, Renaissance, Renaissance, in in in essence, essence, essence, is is is a a a historical historical historical period period period in in in which which which the the the European European ______ thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval medieval Europe, Europe, Europe, to to to introduce introduce introduce new new new ideas ideas ideas that that that expressed expressed expressed the the the interests interests interests of of of the the the rising rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early church form the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church. A . Greek and Roman A. Greek and Roman B. humanist C. religious D. loyal 2). 2). Generally, Generally, Generally, the the the ______ ______ ______ refers refers refers to to to the the the period period period between between between the the the 14th 14th 14th and and and mid-17th mid-17th centuries. centuries. It It It first first first started started started in in in Italy, Italy, with with the the the flowering flowering flowering of of of painting, painting, painting, sculpture sculpture sculpture and and literature. From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe. A. Medieval Period B . B. Renaissance C. Old English Period D . D. Romantic Period 3). ______ is is the the the essence essence of of the the the Renaissance. Renaissance. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and _______ are the best representatives of the English humanists. A. Humanity---- William Shakespeare B. Humanism-----Francis Bacon C. Humanity---- Geoffrey Chaucer D. Humanism----William Shakespeare 4). The Elizabethan ______ is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. The The most most most famous famous famous dramatists dramatists dramatists in in in the the the Renaissance Renaissance Renaissance England England England are are are Christopher Christopher Christopher Marlowe, Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and ______. A . novel--- Geoffrey Chaucer A. novel--- Geoffrey Chaucer B. poetry----Francis Bacon C . drama----Ben Jonson C. drama----Ben Jonson D. drama----Geoffrey Chaucer 5). Humanism sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique antique authors authors authors and and and is is is frequently frequently frequently taken taken taken as as as the the the beginning beginning beginning of of of the the the Renaissance Renaissance Renaissance on on on its its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and ______ civilization was based on such a conception that ______ is the measure of all things. A . Roman ---- moral A. Roman ---- moral B. French---- reason C. Roman---- man D. French---- God 6).One of the major result of the Reformation in England was the fact that the Bible in English was placed in every church and services were held in English instead of ______ so that people could understand. A. Latin B. French C. Greek D. Anglo-Saxon 7). 7). Wyatt, Wyatt, Wyatt, in in in the the the Renaissance Renaissance Renaissance period, period, period, introduced introduced introduced the the the Petrarchan Petrarchan Petrarchan ______ ______ ______ into into England, while Surrey brought in ______ verse. A. drama----free B . B. sonnet----blank C . C. terzarima----blank D. couplet----free 8). 8). In In In the the the early early early stage stage stage of of of the the the English English English Renaissance, Renaissance, Renaissance, poetry poetry poetry and and and ______ ______ ______ were were were the the most outstanding forms and they were carried on especially by William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson. A. fiction B. dramatic fiction C. poetic drama D. novel 9). 9). By By By emphasizing emphasizing emphasizing the the the dignity dignity dignity of of of human human human beings beings beings and and and the the the importance importance importance of of of the the present life, ______ voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders. A. humanists B. Protestants C. Catholics D. playwrights 10). ______ was the first important English essayist. He was also the founder of modern science in England. A . A. A. Edmund Edmund Edmund Spenser Spenser B. B. Christopher Christopher Christopher Marlowe Marlowe C. C. Francis Francis Francis Bacon Bacon D. Ben Jonson 2. Explain the following literal terms. 1). the Renaissance Period 2). blank verse 3). Humanism 3. Answer the following questions. 1). 1). Make Make Make a a a comment comment comment on on on the the the influence influence influence of of of Italian Italian Italian literary literary literary works works works upon upon upon the the literature in the Renaissance England. 2). Make a comment on humanism 3). 3). What are the typical characteristics of literary works produced in Renaissance England? 文艺复兴时期的主要作家。
自考英美文学选读复习资料
1.…I glanced back once. A wafer of a moon was shining over Gatsby's house, making the night fine as before, and surviving the laughter and the sound of his still glowing garden. A sudden emptiness seemed to flow now from the windows and the great doors, endowing with complete isolation the figure of the host, who stood on the porch, his hand up in a formal gesture of farewell.A.Identify the author and the title of the novel from which this passage is taken.F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great GatsbyB.The passage describes the end of an event. What is it?It is a description of the end of a big partyC.What implied meaning can you get from reading this passage?The passage hints at the meaninglessness, spiritual emptiness and vanity of such a life of pleasure-seeking. There is a tragic sense that the “party” will be over.2. My tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air,Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same,I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin,Hoping to cease not till death.A.Identify the poet and the title of the poem.Whitman, Song of MyselfB.What do "soil" and "air" represent in the first line?America, his country, his native landC.What does the poet try to say in the above four lines?I was born and nurtured by this land and shall from now on devote my whole life to the country.3. “I celebrate myself, and sing myself,And what I assume you shall assume,For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.I loafe and invite my soul,I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.”(From Walt Whitman‟s “Song of Myself”)A. Who does“myself”refer to ?The poet himself and the American people.B. How do you understand the line“I loafe and invite my soul?”The line indicates a separation of the body and the soul.C. What does“a spear of summer grass”symbolize?The phrase indicates Whitman‟s optimism and experience.4. "And the native hue of resolution/Is sicklied o‟er with the pale cast of thought." (Shakespeare, Humlet)A. What does the "native hue of resolution" mean?determination (determinedness, action, activity, ...)B. What does the "pale cast of thought" stand for?consideration (indecision, inactivity, hesitation, ...)C. What idea do the two lines express?Too much thinking (consideration,...) made (makes) activity (action) impossible.5. "Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere; /Destroyer and Preserver; hear, O hear!"A. Identify the poem and the poet.Shelley‟s O de to the West WindB. What is the "Wild Spirit"?The West Wind; "breath of Autumn‟s being"C. What does the "Wild Spirit" destroy and preserve?It destroys things that are dead, it preserves new life.6. "When the minister spoke from the pulpit, with power and fervid eloquence, and, with his hands on the open bible, ofthe sacred truths of our religion, and of saint-like lives and triumphant deaths, and of future bliss or misery unutterable, then did Goodman Brown turn pale, dreading, lest the roof should thunder down upon the gray blasphemer and his hearers.A. Identify the title of the short story from which this part is taken.Hawthorne‟s Young Goodman BrownB. What had happened in the story before this church scene?Brown had attended a witc hes‟ party where he saw many prominent people of the village, the minister included.C. Why was Goodman Brown afraid the roof might thunder down?Brown was shocked by the minister, secretly a member of the evil club, who could talk about sacred truths of the religion openly and unashamedly. He thought God would punish such hypocrites down on them.7. (A lot of common objects have been enumerated before, and here are the last two lines of There Was a Child Went Forth :)The horizon‟s edge, the fly ing sea-crow, the fragrance of salt marsh and shore mud.These became part of that child who went forth every day, and who now goes, and will always go forth every day.A. Who is the author of this poem? What is the title of the poem?Whitman. There was a Child Went ForthB. What does the "Child" stand for in the poem?The young growing America.C. In one or two sentences, interpret the implied meaning of the two lines.The poet uses his childhood experience of growing up and learning about the world around him to imply that young America will grow and develop like that.D. How do you understand “These became part of the child”?It is interesting to reexamine the sequence of the items list in this poem which “became part of the child”. They re flect the natural process of a boy‟s growth. At first, his world was limited within the barnyard. Later, he sought into fields and streets. Then, he became interested in something more mysterious—his fellow human beings. Finally, he was on the symbolic threshold of the outside world, the sea. He had grown into a young man from a boy.8.“And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin,When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall.Then how should beginTo spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways.”A.Identify the poem and the poet.T.S. Eliot‟s The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.B.What does the phrase “butt-ends” mean?The ends of cigarettes, meaning trivial things here.C.What idea does the quoted passage express?He re, Prufrock‟s inability to do anything against the society he is in is made him strikingly clear by using a sharp comparison. Prufrock imagines himself as a kind of insect pinned on the wall and struggling in vain to get free. This image vividly shows Pru frock‟s current predicament.9.“I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.”A.Idenfity the poem and the poet.Robert Lee Frost‟s The Road Not Taken.B.What does the phrase “ages and ages hence” mean?Many many years later.C.What idea does the quoted passage express?The speaker is telling his experience of making the choice of the roads. But he is conscious of the fact that his choice will have made all the difference in his life. He seems to be giving a suggestion to the reader “make good choice of your life”.D. What additional meaning do the two roads have?Life is here compared to a journey. The two roads stand for the choice one has to make at a critical moment in his life.E. What dilemma is the speaker facing?Since where the road leads to is uncertain, one has to wait to see the result of the choice until one‟s life is coming to an end. Then it will be too late. The speaker acknowledges the limits of life, yet he indulges himself in the notion that we could be really different from what we have become, because life is unpredictable.10. “A violet by a moss y stoneHalf hidden from the eye!－Fair as a star, when only oneIs shining in the sky.”A. Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this stanza is taken.William Wordsworth, “She Dwelt Among the U ntrodden Ways”B. Pick out the metaphor used in this stanza.The flower (violet) is used as a metaphor.C. What quality does the author intend to show by using the metaphor?By comparing a country girl (Lucy) to a violet, the author intends to show her quality of beauty and her virtues which are often neglected by the common people just like a wild flower blooming by an untrodden road.11. “We passed The School, where Children stroveAt Recess－in the Ring－We passed The Fields of Gazing GrainWe passed The Setting Sun－”A. Who is the author and the poemEmily Dickinson “Because I could not stop for Death－”B. What do the underlined parts symbolize?It stands for three stage of life: “the school” --youth, “the Fields of Gazing Grain”—mature period, “the setting sun”—end of lifeC. Where were “we” heading toward?“We” are riding in a carriage, heading towards Eternity.D. What figure of speech is used in the poem?SymbolismE. What are Dicki nson‟s unique writing features in relation to the quoted lines?Dashes are used as a musical device to create cadence and capital letters as a means of emphasis.12. “Never did sun more beautifully steepIn his first splendor, valley, rock, or hill;Ne‟er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!The river glideth at his own sweet will:Dear God! The very houses seem asleep;And all that mighty heart is lying still!”(William Wordsworth‟s sonnet: “Composed upon Westminster Bridge” September 3, 1802)Questions:A. What does the word “glideth” in the fourth line mean?The word “glideth” means “flows”B. What kind of figure of speech is used by wordsworth to describe the “river”?Wordsworth uses personification to describe the “river”.C. What idea does the fourth line express?The 4th line expresses the idea that the river is flowing happily as a living things, which implies the beauty of the nature.D. What does this sonnet describe?It describes a vivid picture of a beautiful morning in London.E. What does the word “mighty heart” refer to?LondonF. The sonnet follows strictly the Italian form. What is the feature of the Italian form of sonnet?It follows strictly the Italian form, with a clear division between the octave and the sestet, the rhyme scheme is abbaabba, cdcdcd..13. “The river glideth at his own sweet will：Dear God! the very houses seem asleep；And all that mighty heart is lying still!”(from William Wordsworth‟s “Composed upon Westminster Bridge”)A. What figure of speech is used in the quoted lines?Italian formB. What does “that mighty heart‟‟ refer to?LondonC. What does the poem describe?—It describes a vivid picture of a beautiful morning in London14. “With Blue—uncertain stumbling Buzz—Between the light—and me—And then the Windows failed—and thenI could not see to see—”A. Identify the poem and the poet.I heard a Fly buzz-when I died by Emily Dickinson.B. What do “Windows” symbolically stand for?Eyes, for they are considered as the window of human soul. .C. What idea does the quoted passage express?The last thing the dying person saw and heard was the flying and its buzz. When the eyes failed, the human soul was closed and the person died. (The speaker could not see any of the afterlife or God or angels she expected to see.) 15. “…Is dying hard, Daddy?‟…No, I think it‟s pretty easy, Nick, It all depends.”‟A. Identify the work and the author.Earnest Hemingway, Indian CampB. What was Nick preoccupied with when he asked the question?Nick was preoccupied with the pain and the violence of death./life and deathC. Why did the father add “It all depends” after he answered his son‟s question?By adding “It all depends” the father meant that death means differently to diffe rent people. To such weak persons like the husband of the Indian woman it‟s a pretty easy, while strong-willed person will not easily commit suicide.16.“…Faith! Faith!‟cried the husband. …Look up to Heaven, and resist the Wicked One.‟”A.Identify the work and the author.Hawthorne, Young Goodman BrownB.What idea does the quoted sentence express?Goodman Brown here is obviously addressing the image of his wife, urging her to resist the devil. At the same time he is exhorting himself to have faith, to look heavenward, to withstand the infernal eloquence of the Wicked one.17.“Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew,Thou mak‟st thy knife keen; but no metal can,No, not the hangman‟s axe, bear half the keennessOf thy sharp envy.”A. Identify the author and the title of the play from which this part is taken.William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice.B. What figure of speech is used in this quoted passage?PunC. What idea does the passage express?18.“The woods are lovely, dark and deep,But I have promises to keep,And miles to go before I sleep,And miles to go before I sleep.”A. Identify the poem and the poet.Robert Lee Frost, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy EveningB. What does the word“sleep”mean?dieC. What idea do the four lines express?When facing the still and lovely forest, the speaker cannot stay, because of his obligation and responsibilities. 19. “Not lose possession of that fair thou ow‟st:Nor shall Death brag thou wander‟st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow‟st;So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”A. Identify the author and the title of the poem.Shakespeare‟s Sonnet 18B. What does the word “this” in the last line refer to?“This” refer s to the poem.C. What idea do the quoted lines express?When you are in my eternal poetry, you are even with time. A nice summer‟s day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever.20．“Shall I compare thee to a summer‟s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer‟s lease hath all too short a date:”A．Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken.Shakespeare‟s Sonnet 18B．Name the figure of speech employed in the poem.PersonificationC．What is the theme of the poem?A nice summer‟s day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last for ever.21. “…only Miss Emily‟s house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettish deca y above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps—an eyesore among eyesores.”A. Identify the author and the work.William Faulkner‟s A Rose for Emily.B. What is the meaning of “an eyesore among eyesores”?The meaning of “an eyesore among eyesores” is the most unpleasant thing to look at.C.What does this quoted passage indicate?The house is a perfect mirror image of the owner who is stubborn and coquettish and deliberately detaches herselffrom the communal life in this small town.22. “To be, or not to be—that is the question;Whether‟ tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them?”A. Identify the author and the title of the passage from which this part is taken.William Shakespeare, HamletB. Explain the meaning of “To be, or not to be”To live on in this world or to die, to suffer or to take action.C. How you understand the last lines?To take up arms against troubles that sweep upon us like a sea.23．“For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,they flash upon that inward eye”A．Identify the author and the title.William Wordsworth, I wandered Lonely as a CloudB．What does the phrase “inward eye” m ean?Human soulC．Write out the main idea of the passage in plain English.The poet expressed his love for the daffodils.24．“There was music from my neighbor‟s house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor—boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam. On week—ends his Rolls—Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with mops and scrubbing—brushes and hammers and garden—shears, repairing the ravages of the night before.”A．Identify the author and the title of the novel from which this passage is taken.F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great GatsbyB．What can you imply by reading this passage?It describes Gatsby‟s extravagance.C．What do the “moths ” symbolize?Moths are used metaphorically to refer to those people who are drawn to the party simply for its glamour, for the wealth of Gatsby.25．“Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? —You think wrong!… And if God had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you…—it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God‟s feet, equal—as we are!”A．Identify the author and the novel from which the quoted part is taken.Charlotte Bronte, Jane EyreB．To whom is the speaker speaking?Jane Eyre is speaking to Rochester.C．What does the quoted part imply about the speaker?Jane Eyre loves Rochester but she values her basic rights and equality as a human being.26. “When the stars threw down their spears,And water‟d heaven with their tears,Did he smile his work to see?Did he who made the Lamb make thee?”A. Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken—William Blake‟s “The Tyger”B. Whom does the “he‟‟ refer to?—the GodC. What does the “Lamb” symbolize?—The “Lamb” symbol of peace and purity.27. “I cannot rub the strangeness from my sightI got from looking through a pane of glassI skimmed this morning from the drinking troughAnd held against the world of hoary grass.”A. Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken.—Robert Lee Frost, After Apple-PickingB.what do es the word “strangeness‟‟ refer to?—the “essence of winter sleep” ????????C. What do the quoted lines imply?。
自考《英美文学选读》（英）文艺复兴时期（4）
IV. Francis Bacon 1. ⼀般识记Brief Introduction English Renaissance philosopher， essayist， statesman， born in London， England， Jan 22，1561 and died in London， April 9 1626. One of the outstanding figures of the Renaissance， Bacon made important contributions to several fields. His chief interest were science philosophy， but he was also a distinguished man of letters & held several high governmental positions during the reign of king JamesⅠ。
He was one of the earliest & most eloquent spokesmen for experimental science. He lays the foundation for modern science with his insistence on scientific way of thinking & fresh observation rather than authority as a basis for obtaining knowledge. 2. 识记His works As an author， Bacon is most famous for his Essays， which deal with such subjects as honor， friendship， love， & riches. Written in a terse， polished style， with many learned allusions & metaphors， the essays rank with the finest in English literature. Bacon’s other important literary works include The New Atlantis， an account of an ideal society & an imaginary voyage， & The History of the Reign of King Henry Ⅶ， a perceptive psychological study of Henry’s mind & characters. His works can be divided into three groups： First group： The Advancement of Learning （1605） Novum Organum （1620）（Latin version） Second group： Essays Apophthagmes New & Old （1605） The History of the Reign of Henry Ⅶ（1622） The New Atlantis （unfinished） Third group： Maxims of Law The Learned Reading upon the Stature of Uses （1642） 3. 领会 His Major Works Essays The term "essay" was borrowed from Montaigne’s Essais， which appeared from 1580 to 1588. Bacon learned from Montaigne， the first great modern essayist， the economic & flexible way of writing. However， as a practical & prudential man， he intends to write for the ambitious Elizabethan & Jacobean youth of his class & tell them how to be efficient & make their way in public life. Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity， compactness & powerfulness. The essays are well arranged & enriched by Biblical allusions， Metaphors & cadence. 4. 领会His achievements As a literary man， Bacon is the first English essayist， whose Essays won him a high place in the history of English literature. As a philosopher， he is the founder of English materialistic philosophy. He advocates the inductive method of reasoning. In his famous plea for progress， Bacon demands three things： 1） the free investigation of nature， 2） the discovery of facts instead of the blind belief in theories 3） the verification of results by experiment rather than by argument. In our day， these are the ABC of science， but in Bacon’s time they were revolutionary， Marx called him "the real father of English materialism & experimental science of modern times in general." 5. 应⽤ Of Studies Of Studies is the most popular of Bacon’s 58 essays. It analyzes what studies chiefly serve for， the different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies， & how studies exert influence over human character. Forceful & persuasive， compact & precise， Of Studies reveals to us Bacon’s mature attitude towards learning. Bacon’s language isneat， priest， & weighty. It is some what affected， like the water in the reservoir， restricted & confined. V. John Donne 1.⼀般识记 Donne & the Metaphysical Poetry John Donne： English poet & Clergyman， born in London， England， 1572， and died in London， Mar. 31 1631. Donne is the leading figure of the 17th-century "metaphysical school." His poems give a more inherently theatrical impression by exhibiting a seemingly unfocused diversity of experiences & attitudes， & a free range of feelings & attitudes， & a free range of feelings & moods. The mode is dynamic rather than static， with ingenuity of speech，vividness of imagery & vitality of rhythms， which show a notable contrast to the other Elizabethan lyric poems， which are pure， serene， tuneful， & smooth running. The most striking feature of Donne’s poetry is precisely its tang of reality， in the sense that it seems to reflect life in a real rather than a poetical world. "Metaphysical Poetry" is commonly used to name the work of the 17th-century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. With a rebellions spirit， the metaphysical poets tried to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan Love poetry. The diction is simple as compared with echoes the words & cadences of common speech. The imagery is drawn from the actual life. The form is frequently that of an argument with the poet’s beloved， with God， or with himself. George Herbert， Andrew Marvell， Richard Crashaw， Henry Vaughan， Abraham Cowley， & Thomas Traherne are also considered to be metaphysical poets. They wrote on a variety of religious & secular themes， & to express their ideas， they used startling， highly imaginative comparisons known as conceits. A conceit is a combination of thoughts or images that are not usually associated with one another. The finest works of the metaphysical poets combine intellectual subtlety with great emotional power. The poems reflect a broad knowledge of science， art， & other branches of learning. At the same time， metaphysical poems express an intense awareness of common human feelings & experiences， such as jealousy， the loss of religious faith， the complexities of love & the fear of death. Although the imagery of metaphysical poetry is frequently strained， the language is often as natural & direct as ordinary speech. 2.识记His major works In his life， Donne wrote a large number of poems & prose works， His poems are especially admired for their unique combination of passionate feeling & intellectual wit. Many of his poems rank with the finest in the English language. Among his most famous works are the poems Death Be Not Proud， "Go & Catch a Falling Star，" The Ecstacy， & A Valediction Forbidding Mourning. Most of The Elegies & Satires & a good many of The Songs & Sonnets were written in the early period. He wrote prose works mainly in the later period. His sermons， which are very famous， reveal his spiritual devotion to God as a passionate preacher. His works are classified as songs & sonnets， epistles， elegies， & satires. When read in chronological order， the poems reveal his development from "Gay Jack Donne，" a reckless & cynical youth， to Dean John Donne， a man devoted to God. Donne’s great prose works are his sermons， which are both rich & imaginative， exhibiting the same kind of physical vigor & scholastic complexity as his poetry. For example， the well-known Devotions Upon Emergent Occasions （1623-1624）。
自考 英美文学选读 书单
自考英美文学选读书单全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：自考英美文学选读书单：自考英美文学选读一直是自考英美文学专业的核心课程之一，对学生的文学修养和英语水平提升起着非常重要的作用。
下面给大家推荐一份【自考英美文学选读】书单，希望对大家学习和备考有所帮助。
1. 《简·爱》（Jane Eyre）- 夏洛蒂·勃朗特（Charlotte Bronte）《简·爱》是英国文学史上的经典之作，描写了主人公简·爱的一生遭遇及成长历程。
小说通过简·爱的内心世界、对生活的思考和对爱情的追求，展示了女性独立、坚强和自由的形象，被誉为女性主义文学的杰作。
2. 《傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice）- 简·奥斯汀（Jane Austen）《傲慢与偏见》是英国文学史上的又一经典之作，讲述了伊丽莎白·班奇和达西先生之间的爱情故事。
小说通过调侃社会习俗、揭示人性弱点和倡导女性独立，展现了简·奥斯汀的精湛文学功底和对人性深刻洞察的能力。
3. 《了不起的盖茨比》（The Great Gatsby）- F·司各特·菲茨杰拉德（F. Scott Fitzgerald）《了不起的盖茨比》是美国文学史上的代表作之一，讲述了上世纪20年代美国高盛时期的繁荣与荒诞。
小说通过主人公盖茨比的爱情故事、社会地位和金钱的探讨，揭示了美国梦的虚幻和人性的贪婪，具有较高的文学价值和社会意义。
《呼啸山庄》是英国文学史上的经典之作，描绘了希斯克利夫和凯瑟琳之间的爱恨纠葛。
小说通过家族恩怨、爱情悲剧和人性探讨，展现了勃朗特姐妹的文学才华和对人性矛盾的深刻理解。
《去吧，告诉她们，我在这里》是美国文学史上的力作之一，讲述了黑人青年约翰尼的成长经历和对信仰的追求。
小说通过种族歧视、家庭纠葛和自我认同的挣扎，反映了美国社会的种族问题和对人类命运的深刻思考。
英语自考《英美文学选读》的资料
一莎士比亚In 1593 and 1594, he published two narrative poems(叙事诗), Venus and Adonis(维纳斯和安东尼斯) and The Rape of Lucrece(鲁克丽斯受辱记).Four period:First: The first period of Shakespeare's dramatic career was one of apprenticeship(学徒期). He wrote five history plays: Henry VI, Parts I, II, and III(亨利六世上，中，下),Richard III(理查三世), and Titus Andronicus(泰托斯.安东尼); and four comedies: The Comedy of Errors(错误的喜剧), The Two Gentlemen of Verona(维洛那二绅士), The Taming of the Shrew(训悍记), and Love's Labour's Lost(爱的徒劳).Second: In the second period, Shakespeare's style and approach became highly individualized. By constructing a complex pattern between different characters and between appearance and reality, Shakespeare made subtle comments on a variety of human foibles. In this period he wrote five histories: Richard II(理查二世), King John(约翰王), Henry IV, Parts I and II(亨利四世上部和下部), and Henry V(亨利五世); six comedies: A Midsummer Night's Dream(仲夏夜之梦), The Merchant of Venice(威尼斯商人),Much Ado About Nothing(无事生非), As You Like It(皆大欢喜), Twelfth Night(第十二夜), and The Merry Wives of Windsor(温莎的风流娘们儿); and two tragedies: Romeo and Juliet(罗密欧与朱丽叶) and Julis Caesar(裘里斯.凯撒).Third: Shakespeare's third period includes his greatest tragedies and his so-called dark comedies. The tragedies of this period are Hamlet(哈姆雷特), Othello(奥赛罗), King Lear(李尔王), Macbeth(麦克白), Angony and Cleopatra(安东尼与克利奥佩特拉), Troilus and Cressida(克利奥拉纳斯), and Coriolanus(). The two comedies are All's Well That Ends Wells(终成眷属)and Measure for Measure(一报还一报).Last: The last period of Shakespeare's work includes his principal romantic tragicomedies(浪漫悲喜剧): Pericles(伯利克里), Cymbeline(辛白林), The Winter's Tale(冬天的故事) and The Tempest(暴风雨); and his two final plays: Henry VIII(亨利八世) and The Two Noble Kinsmen(两位贵族亲戚).Shakespeare's authentic non-dramatic poetry consist of two long narrative poems: Venus and Adonis(维纳斯和安东尼斯) and The Rape of Lucrece(鲁克丽斯受辱记), and his sequence of 154 sonnets. Shakespeare's sonnets are the only direct expression of the poet's own feelings.With three exceptions (99,126,154) Shakespeare writes his sonnets in the popular English form, first fully developed by Surrey, of three quatrains and a couplet(三节四行诗加一节偶句).Shakespeare's history plays are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity(在一个强大英明的君主统治下的国家，统一是非常必要的).The three history plays on the reign of Henry VI are the beginning of Shakespeare's epic treatment.The first and second parts of Henry IV are undoubtedly the most widely read among his history plays. It reveals a troubled reign in the 15th century. Shakespeare presents the patriotic spirit when mourning over the loss of English territories in France. He also dramatizes the class struggle between the oppressors and the oppressored during Jack Cade's rising of 1450. Furthermore, he condemns the War of the Roses waged by the feudal barons in which innocent people were killed. Here Shakespeare has liberated himself from any imitations of the contempory example .In his romantic comedies, Shakespeare takes an optimistic attitude toward love and youth, and the romantic elements are brought into full play.(在他的浪漫喜剧中，莎士比亚以乐观的态度对待爱情与青春，并将流浪色彩渲染到极致。
英美文学选读自考重点
英美文学选读自考重点英美文学选读是自考中一门重要且富有魅力的课程，它涵盖了英国和美国文学发展历程中的众多经典作品和重要作家。
对于自考生来说，掌握重点内容是顺利通过考试的关键。
以下将为您详细介绍英美文学选读自考的重点。
一、英国文学部分1、古英语时期与中世纪文学这一时期的重点是了解英国文学的起源和早期发展。
比如，《贝奥武甫》是英国文学史上第一部重要的史诗，要理解其主题、结构和语言特点。
另外，乔叟的《坎特伯雷故事集》也是重点，需掌握其对人物的刻画、叙事技巧以及反映的社会现实。
2、文艺复兴时期文学文艺复兴时期的英国文学成就斐然。
威廉·莎士比亚是重中之重，他的戏剧作品如《哈姆雷特》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《麦克白》等，要深入研究其人物塑造、情节设置、主题思想以及对人性、命运、爱情等问题的探讨。
同时，还需了解这一时期其他重要作家如托马斯·莫尔的《乌托邦》。
3、 17 世纪文学这一时期的玄学派诗歌和清教徒文学是重点。
约翰·多恩的玄学派诗歌以奇特的比喻和复杂的思维著称，要理解其诗歌的独特风格和思想内涵。
而弥尔顿的《失乐园》《复乐园》等作品，则要把握其宗教主题和史诗般的气魄。
4、 18 世纪文学启蒙运动时期的英国文学注重现实和理性。
丹尼尔·笛福的《鲁滨逊漂流记》是必读作品，要分析主人公的形象和作品所反映的殖民主义、个人奋斗等主题。
此外，乔纳森·斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》也是重点，理解其讽刺手法和对社会现象的批判。
5、 19 世纪浪漫主义文学浪漫主义时期的诗人如威廉·华兹华斯、塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治、拜伦、雪莱和济慈的作品都需要认真研读。
了解他们各自的诗歌风格、主题以及对自然、爱情、自由等的追求。
同时，简·奥斯汀的小说《傲慢与偏见》也是常考内容，要分析其细腻的人物描写和婚姻爱情观。
6、 19 世纪现实主义文学查尔斯·狄更斯的作品在这一时期占据重要地位，如《雾都孤儿》《大卫·科波菲尔》《双城记》等，要理解其对社会现实的批判和对人性的关怀。
英美文学选读复习资料
英美文学选读复习资料英美文学选读复习资料一、英国文学1、文艺复兴时期：莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》等，以及弥尔顿的《失乐园》。
2、17世纪：约翰·多恩的玄学派诗歌，以及约翰·班扬的《天路历程》。
3、18世纪：启蒙时期，亨利·菲尔丁和理查逊的小说，以及亚历山大·蒲柏的讽刺诗歌。
4、19世纪：浪漫主义时期，包括拜伦、雪莱、济慈等人的诗歌，以及简·奥斯汀、爱米莉·勃朗特等的小说。
5、维多利亚时期：查尔斯·狄更斯、乔治·艾略特、托马斯·哈代等作家的小说，以及马修·阿诺德、约翰·罗斯金等人的诗歌。
二、美国文学1、浪漫主义时期：包括华盛顿·欧文的《睡谷传说》、爱伦·坡的短篇小说、以及纳撒尼尔·霍桑的《红字》。
2、现实主义时期：包括马克·吐温的《汤姆·索亚历险记》、亨利·詹姆斯的小说、以及艾米莉·狄金森的诗歌。
3、20世纪：包括F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》、欧内斯特·海明威的《老人与海》、杰克·凯鲁亚克的《在路上》等文学作品。
三、文学术语和概念1、象征主义：通过象征性的符号或形象来表达某种思想或情感。
2、叙事视角：从特定的角度来描述故事，常见的有第一人称、第二人称、第三人称等。
3、意象主义：通过形象和比喻来表达情感和思想。
4、文艺复兴：欧洲历史上的一次文化运动，强调人文主义和古希腊罗马文化。
5、玄学派：17世纪英国的一种文学流派，强调诗歌中的哲学思考和神秘主义。
6、悲剧：一种戏剧类型，通常表现英雄人物的悲惨命运。
7、喜剧：一种戏剧类型，通常表现幽默、讽刺等轻松愉快的主题。
8、自然主义：一种文学流派，强调对自然和社会现实的客观描写。
9、超验主义：一种哲学思想，强调个人经验和直觉，反对传统权威。
英美文学选读复习资料
英国文学选读复习资料一.Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格)3、代表作：the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事 (英国文学史的开端)人文主义先驱，the father of English poetry..第一个用英语写作的诗人。
二. William Shakespeare1.The four great tragedies by William Shakespeare are _Hamlet_, _Othello_, _King Lear_, Macbeth. 四大喜剧是A Midsummer Night's Dream ;As you like it ;Twelfth Night ;The merchant of Venice .the period of Revolution and Restoration (17世纪) 资产阶级革命与王权复辟prose 散文1、文学特点：the Puritans(清教徒) believed in simplicity of life、disapproved of the sonnets and the love poetry、breaking up of old ideals.清教徒崇尚俭朴的生活、拒绝十四行诗和爱情诗、与旧思想脱离。
2、代表人物：1)、John Donne 约翰.多恩The founder of the“metaphysical”poets (玄学派诗人) 的代表人物代表作:Love lyrics:Songs and sonnets.The Flea.A Valediction: forbidding morning作品特点：① strike the reader in Donne’s extraordinary frankness and penetrating realism.(坦诚的态度和现实描绘)② novelty of subject matter an d point(新颖的题材和视角)③ novelty of its form.(新颖的形式)2)、John Milton 约翰.弥尔顿 a great poet 诗人（ poem 诗歌 blank verse ）was a _radical puritan in politics and religion. 激进清教徒分子。
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1. …I glaneed back once. A wafer of a moon was shining over Gatsby's house,making the ni ght fine as before, and survi ving the laughter and the sound ofhis still glowing garden. A sudden emptiness seemed to flow now from the windows and the great doors, endowing with complete isolation the figure of the host, who stood on the porch, his hand up in a formal gesture of farewell.A. lden tify the author and the title of the no vel from which this passage istake n.F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great GatsbyB. The passage describes the end of an eve nt. What is it?It is a description of the end of a big partyC. What implied meaning can you get from read ing this passage?The passage hints at the meaninglessness, spiritual emptiness and vanityof such a life of pleasure-seeking. There is a tragic sense that the party ”will be over.2. My ton gue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air,Born here of pare nts born here from pare nts the same, and their pare nts thesame,I, now thirty-seve n years old in perfect health begi n,Hoping to cease not till death.A. Iden tify the poet and the title of the poem.Whitman, Song of MyselfB. What do "soil" and "air" represe nt in the first line?America, his coun try, his n ative landC. What does the poet try to say in the above four lin es?I was born and nurtured by this land and shall from now on devote my whole life to the coun try.3. I celebrate myself, and sing myself,And what I assume you shall assume,For every atom bel onging to me as good bel ongs to you.I loafe and inv ite my soul,I lea n and loafe at my ease observ ing a spear of summer grass. ”(From Walt Whitman ' So ng of Myself ”)A. Who does myself ” refer to ?The poet himself and the America n people.B. How do you un dersta nd the line I loafe and in vite my soul? ”The line in dicates a separati on of the body and the soul.C. What does a spear of summer grass "symbolize?The phrase in dicates Whitma n ' optimism and experie nee.4. "A nd the n ative hue of resoluti on/Is sicklied o 'r with the pale cast ofthought." (Shakespeare, Humlet)A. What does the "n ative hue of resoluti on" mea n?determ in ati on (determ inedn ess, actio n, activity, ...)B. What does the "pale cast of thought" sta nd for?con siderati on (in decisi on, in activity, hesitati on,...)C. What idea do the two lines express? Too much thi nking (con siderati on,...) made (makes) activity (acti on) impossible.5. "Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere; /Destroyer and Preserver; hear, O hear!"A. Ide ntify the poem and the poet.Shelley ' Ode to the West WindB. What is the "Wild Spirit"?The West Wind; "breath of Autumn ' being"C. What does the "Wild Spirit" destroy and preserve?It destroys things that are dead, it preserves new life.6. "Whe n the mini ster spoke from the pulpit, with power and fervid eloque nee,and, with his hands on the ope n bible, of the sacred truths of our religi on,and of sain t-like lives and triumpha nt deaths, and of future bliss or miseryunu tterable, the n did Goodma nBrow n turn pale, dreadi ng, lest the roof should thun der dow n upon the gray blasphemer and his hearers.A. Ide ntify the title of the short story from which this part is take n.Hawthorne ' Young Goodman BrownB. What had happe ned in the story before this church sce ne?Brow n had atte nded a witches ' party where he saw many prom inent peopleof the village, the mini ster in cluded.C. Why was Goodma n Brow n afraid the roof might thun der dow n?Brow n was shocked by the mini ster, secretly a member of the evil club,who could talk about sacred truths of the religi on ope nly and un ashamedly. Hethought God would punish such hypocrites dow n on them.7. (A lot of comm on objects have bee n enu merated before, and here are the last two lines of There Was a Child Went Forth :)The horizon ' edge, the flying sea-crow, the fragranee of salt marsh and shore mud.These became part of that child who went forth every day, and who now goes,and will always go forth every day.A. Who is the author of this poem? What is the title of the poem?Whitma n. There was a Child Went ForthB. What does the "Child" sta nd for in the poem?The young grow ing America.C. In one or two senten ces, i nterpret the implied meaning of the two lin es.The poet uses his childhood experie nee of grow ing up and lear ning aboutthe world around him to imply that young America will grow and develop likethat.D. How do you un dersta nd These became part of the child ”？It is interesting to reexamine the sequenee of the items list in this poemwhich became part of the child ". They reflect the natural process of a boy ' growth. At first, his world was limited within the barnyard. Later, he sought into fields and streets.Then, he became interested in something more mysterious —his fellow huma n bein gs. Fin ally, he was on the symbolic threshold of the outside world, the sea. He had grow n in to a young man from a boy.8. And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin,Whe n I am pinned and wriggli ng on the wall.Then how should begi nTo spit out all the butt-e nds of my days and ways. ”精选We passed The Fields of Gazi ng Grain T.S. Eliot' The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.B. What does the phrase butt-ends ” mean? The ends of cigarettes, meaning trivial thi ngs here.C. What idea does the quoted passage express? Here, Prufrock' s in ability to do any thi ng aga inst the society he is inis made him strikingly clear by using a sharp comparison. Prufrock imagines himself as a kind of in sect pinned on the wall and struggli ng in vain to get free. This image vividly shows Prufrock ' curre nt predicame nt. 9.“shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hen ce: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I —I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the differe nee. ”A. Iden fity the poem and the poet. Robert Lee Frost' The Road Not Take n.B. What does the phrase ages and ages hence ” mean?Many many years later.C. What idea does the quoted passage express?The speaker is telling his experienee of making the choice of the roads. But he is conscious of the fact that his choice will have made all the differenee in his life. He seems to be giving a suggestion to the reader make good choice of your life ”.D. What additi onal meaning do the two roads have?Life is here compared to a journ ey. The two roads sta nd for the choice one has to make at a critical moment in his life. E. What dilemma is the speaker facing?Since where the road leads to is un certa in, one has to wait to see the result of the choice until one' life is coming to an end. Then it will be toolate. The speaker ack no wledges the limits of life, yet he in dulges himself i n the notion that we could be really different from what we have become, because life is un predictable. 10. A violet by a mossy stoneHalf hidde n from the eye!—Fair as a star, whe n only oneIs shi ning in the sky.”A. Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this stanza is take n. William Wordsworth, She Dwelt Among the Un trodden Ways ”B. Pick out the metaphor used in this sta nza.The flower (violet) is used as a metaphor.C. What quality does the author intend to show by using the metaphor?By compari ng a country girl (Lucy) to a violet, the author intends toshow her quality of beauty and her virtues which are often neglected by the comm on people just like a wild flower bloom ing by an un trodde n road. 11. We passed The School, where Childre n stroveWe passed The Setti ng Sun — ”A. Who is the author and the poemEmily Dick insonBecause I could not stop for Death— ”B. What do the un derli ned parts symbolize?It stands for three stage of life:the school ” --youth, the Fields ofGazing Grain ” 一mature period,the sett ing sun ” 一end of lifeC. Where were we” heading toward?We are riding in a carriage, heading towards Eternity. D. What figure of speech is used in the poem? SymbolismE. What are Dickinson ' unique writing features in relation to the quoted lin es?Dashes are used as a musical device to create cade nee and capital lettersas a means of emphasis.12.Never did sun more beautifully steep In his first sple ndor, valley, rock, or hill; Ne 'r saw I, n ever felt, a calm so deep! The river glideth at his own sweet will: Dear God! The very houses seem asleep; And all that mighty heart is lyi ng still! ”(William Wordsworth ' sonnet: Composed upon Westminster Bridge September 3,1802) Questi ons:A. What does the word glideth ” in the fourth line mean? The word glideth ” means flows ”B. What kind of figure of speech is used by wordsworth to describe the river ”？ Wordsworth uses personification to describe the river ”.C. What idea does the fourth line express?The 4th line expresses the idea that the river is flowing happily as a living thi ngs, which implies the beauty of the n ature. D. What does this sonnet describe?It describes a vivid picture of a beautiful morning in London. E. What does the word mighty heart ” refer to? LondonF. The sonnet follows strictly the Italian form. What is the feature of the Italia n form of sonn et?It follows strictly the Italian form, with a clear division between the octave and the sestet, the rhyme scheme is abbaabba, cdcdcd..13.The river glideth at his own sweet will :Dear God! the very houses seem asleep;And all that mighty heart is lyi ng still!”(from William Wordsworth ' Composed upon Westmi nster Bridge ”)A. What figure of speech is used in the quoted lin es? Italian formB. What does that mighty heart ' refer to?At Recess — in the Ring A.lden tify the poem and the poet.London精选C. What does the poem describe?It describes a vivid picture of a beautiful morning in London14. With Blue —un certa in stumbli ng Buzz —Betwee n the light —and me —And the n the Win dows failed —and the nI could not see to see —”A. Ide ntify the poem and the poet.I heard a Fly buzz-whe n 丨died by Emily Dick inson.B. What do Windows” symbolically stand for?Eyes, for they are con sidered as the win dow of huma n soul..C. What idea does the quoted passage express?The last thing the dying person saw and heard was the flying and its buzz. Whenthe eyes failed, the humansoul was closed and the person died. (The speaker could not see any of the afterlife or God or an gels she expected to see.)15. “Is'dyi ng hard, Daddy? 'No, I thi nk it s pretty easy, Nick, It all depe nds. ”'A. Ide ntify the work and the author.Earnest Hemin gway, I ndia n CampB. What was Nick preoccupied with whe n he asked the questi on?Nick was preoccupied with the pain and the viole nee of death./life anddeathC. Why did the father add It all depends ” after he answered his son ' questi on?By adding It all depends ” the father meant that death means differentlyto different people. To such weak persons like the husband of the Indian woman it ' a pretty easy, while str on g-willed pers on will not easily commit suicide.16. “Faith! Faith! ? cried the husband. Look up to Heaven, and resist the Wicked One.'”A. Identify the work and the author.Hawtho rne, Young Goodma n Brow nB. What idea does the quoted sentence express?GoodmanBrown here is obviously addressing the image of his wife, urging her to resist the devil. At the same time he is exhorting himself to have faith, to look heave nward, to withsta nd the infernal eloque nee of the Wicked one.17. Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew,Thou mak' st thy knife kee n; but no metal can,No, not the han gma n ' axe, bear half the kee nn essOf thy sharp envy. ”A. Identify the author and the title of the play from which this part is taken.William Shakespeare, The Mercha nt of Veni ce.B. What figure of speech is used in this quoted passage?PunC. What idea does the passage express?18. The woods are lovely, dark and deep,But I have promises to keep,A. Ide ntify the poem and the poet.Robert Lee Frost, Stopp ing by Woods on a Snowy Eve ningB. What does the word sleep "mean?dieC. What idea do the four lines express?When facing the still and lovely forest, the speaker cannot stay, because of his obligati on and resp on sibilities.19. Not lose possessi on of that fair thou ow s t:Nor shall Death brag thou wan der 'st in his shade,Whe n in eter nal lines to time thou grow 'st;So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. ”A. Identify the author and the title of the poem.Shakespeare ' Sonnet 18B. What does the word this "in the last line refer to?This ” refers to the poem.C. What idea do the quoted lines express?Whe n you are in my eter nal poetry, you are eve n with time. A nice summer ' day is usually tra nsie nt, but the beauty in poetry can last forever.20 . Shall I compare thee to a summer s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darli ng buds of May,And summer ' lease hath all too short a date: ”A. Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken.Shakespeare ' Sonnet 18B. Name the figure of speech employed in the poem.Pers on ificati onC. What is the theme of the poem?A nice summer ' day is usually tran sie nt, but the beauty in poetry canlast for ever.21. “ --only Miss Emily ' house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettishdecay above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps—an eyesore among eyesores. ”A. Ide ntify the author and the work.William Faulk ner ' A Rose for Emily.B. What is the meaning of an eyesore among eyesores ”？The meaning of an eyesore among eyesores "is the most un pleasa nt thingto look at.C. What does this quoted passage in dicate?The house is a perfect mirror image of the owner who is stubbo rn andcoquettish and deliberately detaches herself from the comm unal life in thissmall tow n.22. To be, or not to be —that is the questi on;Whether ' tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe sli ngs and arrows of outrageous fort une,And miles to go before I sleep.精选Or to take arms aga inst a sea of troubles, And miles to go before I sleep,精选Jane Eyre loves Rochester but she values her basic rights and equalityA. Identify the author and the title of the passage from which this part istake n.William Shakespeare, HamletB. Expla in the meaning of To be, or not to be ”To live on in this world or to die, to suffer or to take action.C. How you un dersta nd the last lin es?To take up arms aga inst troubles that sweep upon us like a sea.23. For oft, whe n on my couch I lieIn vaca nt or in pen sive mood,they flash upon that in ward eye ”A . Identify the author and the title.William Wordsworth, I wan dered Lon ely as a CloudB . What does the phrase inward eye ” mean?Huma n soulC . Write out the main idea of the passage in plain English.The poet expressed his love for the daffodils.24. There was music from my n eighbor 'house through the summer ni ghts. Inhis blue garde ns men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperi ngsand the champag ne and the stars. At high tide in the after noon I watched hisguests diving from the tower of his raft, or tak ing the sun on the hot sandof his beach while his two motor —boats slit the waters of the Sound, draw ingaquapla nes over cataracts of foam. On week —ends his Rolls —Royce became an omni bus, beari ng parties to and from the city betwee n nine in the morning and long past mid ni ght, while his stati on wag on scampered like a brisk yellow bugto meet all trains. And on Mon days eight serva nts, in clud ing an extra garde ner, toiled all day with mops and scrubbing —brushes and hammers and garden —shears, repair ing the ravages of the ni ght before. ”A. Identify the author and the title of the novel from which this passageis take n.F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great GatsbyB. What can you imply by reading this passage?It describes Gatsby ' extravaga nee.C. What do the moths "symbolize?Moths are used metaphorically to refer to those people who are draw n tothe party simply for its glamour, for the wealth of Gatsby.25. Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? —You think wrong! •…And if God had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it isnow for me to leave you ----------- it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; justas if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God ' feet, equal —aswe are! ”A. Identify the author and the novel from which the quoted part is taken.Charlotte Bronte, Jane EyreB. To whom is the speaker speaking?Jane Eyre is speak ing to Rochester.as a huma n being.26. Whe n the stars threw dow n their spears,And water ' heave n with their tears,Did he smile his work to see?Did he who made the Lamb make thee? ”A. Ide ntify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are take nWilliam Blake 'The Tyger "B. Whom does the he' refer to? -the GodC. What does the Lamb” symbolize?The Lamb" symbol of peace and purity.27. I cannot rub the stra ngen ess from my sightI got from look ing through a pane of glassI skimmed this morning from the drinking troughAnd held aga inst the world of hoary grass. "A. Ide ntify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are take n.Robert Lee Frost, After Apple-Picki ngB. what does the word strangeness ' refer to? —the esse nee of win ter sleep " ????????C. What do the quoted lines imply?C. What does the quoted part imply about the speaker? And by oppos ing end them?精选谢谢观看!欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考，如有雷同纯属意外。