全国2014年4月自考英美文学选读真题

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2014年04月自考英语(二)真题及解析

2014 年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试题和答案评分标准（课程代码：00015）第一部分：阅读判断题（每题1 分，共10 分）下面的短文后列出了10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。

Running: Sport or Way of Life?You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortable clothes and go for a run. One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment.But don't be fooled into thinking the sport of running is easy, It requires discipline and concentration.Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart, lungs, and muscles? It makes you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you don't get sick as easily. It can even help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more clearly. How do you get engaged in the sport if you don't know much about it? Most schools offer running programs.A simple internet search can help some in your find area.Then programs show you how running can offer competition or just be for fun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies.Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be.If you go to a race, you'll see people cheering for all the runners. Running isn't always about how fast you are or how far you're going.It'sabout getting out there and doing it. Participation is more important than competition, and effort is recognized over talent. If you're looking for more than just a sport, running may be the perfect choice for you.1. You may find it interesting in go for a run.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given答案：C解析：文章第一段“You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing on TV that interests you.”提到电视频道已经没什么使你感兴趣了。

2014年04月试卷及答案详解

2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二)试卷真题解析(课程代码00015)第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B或C）填在答题纸的相应位置上。

2014年4月全国高等教育自学考试高级英语真题

2014年4月全国高等教育自学考试高级英语真题课程代码：00600请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

本试卷共8页，满分100分;考试时间150分钟，全部题目用英文作答(英译汉题目外)，并将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不计分。

I. Each of the following sentences is given four choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (15 points, 1 point for each)1. With his last ______ , he murmured the name of the person who murdered him.A. gaspB. chokeC. exhaleD. respiration2. The teenager’s ______ of the pop star worried her parents.A. applauseB. complimentC. adulationD. recommendation3. The adventurous mission ______ his spirits.A. exaltedB. inspiredC. gladdenedD. exhilarated4. The girl made one last ______ to her father for permission to go to the party.A. appealB. prayC. suggestionD. attraction5. Working with one’s head causes a sensation of hunger quite as much as ______ work.A. futileB. muscularC. diligentD. aggressive6. He asked how committed the leadership was to ______ its people from poverty.A. deliveringB. liberatingC. dismissingD. compelling7. The judge told him to ______ from threatening his wife.A. desistB. persistC. denounceD. persevere8. The conservation group was ______ in its opposition to the new airport.A. roughB. troublesomeC. tenaciousD. uninterrupted9. The terrorists entered the building ______ as medical workers.A. disguisingB. distortingC. disorderingD. distinguishing10. It seemed impossible that these ______ boats could survive in such a storm.A. frailB. fragileC. wailfulD. delicate11. His arrival ______ new life and energy into the team.A. drenchedB. animatedC. infusedD. saturated12. The government is ready to ______ houses to the homeless in that area.A. locateB. allotC. donateD. divide13. He asked me to look at both sides of a case before making a(n) ______ decision.A. brutalB. rationalC. absurdD. courteous14. She ______ the mark on the wall for ages, but it wouldn’t come off.A. scrubbedB. brushedC. sweptD. removed15. Some fresh fruits are highly ______ and should be kept in cool places.A. perishableB. eligibleC. permissibleD. affordableRead the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding three items II, IV, V.(1) A rift is growing between government and higher education, with debates over funding, missions and accountability.(2) In that context, it is all the more worth watching Indiana Governor Mitch Daniels, who assumes the presidency of Purdue University on January 14. Other governors have become college presidents. Some, like Tom Kean, have been very successful. However, Daniels—who brings to the job an unusual blend of leadership experiences in government at the state and national level, public policy, business, and now academe—is coming to office at a time of unusual tension.(3) Governors increasingly characterize the rising costs of higher education and its limited access as unsustainable. Many find it imperative that universities increase their productivity, affordability, access, graduation rates, and accountability. In contrast, university presidents say that quality, not cost, is the real issue in an era in which excellence in higher education is more urgent than ever before in history. The question, academic leaders say, should not be the priceof college, but who pays, criticizing government for disinvesting in higher education. Bottom line: Between the governors and the presidents, there is increasingly little if any common ground other than recognizing the importance of higher education. They have entirely different views of the problem, no agreement on responsibility, and nothing in the way of a shared solution.(4) In his first public action as president of Purdue, Daniels has bridged the chasm with a salary package that incorporates the goals of both the governors and the presidents. He did this in two ways. The first was conciliatory, eliminating the red flag that sets off both government and the academy: He rejected presidential salary inflation. His salary package is smaller than his predecessor’s, placing him tenth among the 12 Big Ten university presidents in terms of salary. There is no deferred compensation.(5) Second, and more importantly in terms of national models, is that Governor Daniels asked for a salary based upon achieving his goals for the university. The package is divided into two buckets—base salary and bonus. The bonus is tied to graduation rates, affordability, student achievement, philanthropic support, faculty excellence, and strategic program initiatives. In establishing this bonus system, Daniels married traditional notions of academic quality—as measured by excellence in faculty, programs and resources—with an equal emphasis on effective outcomes and price controls: graduation rates, affordability, and student achievement.(6) In so doing, Daniels has demonstrated his belief that there is common ground to be found between the university and government. The choice is not quality or effectiveness, not excellence or affordability; the future of higher education is not a zero-sum game in which one side wins and the other loses. Rather, he believes it is possible to balance the seemingly conflicting goals of government and higher education.(7) Daniels is not the first president to have his salary tied to achieving institutional goals, but he is probably the most visible. Moreover, although Daniels is renouncing involvement in partisan politics as he enters the Purdue presidency, he is a former Republican governor and party leader known as a frugal fiscal conservative. Historically, the divisions have been greater between Republicans and the academy than has been the case with Democrats. In a very real sense, what Daniels has chosen to do is somewhat akin to Nixon going to China. He has undertaken an experiment to be closely watched. If successful, he will have established a potential model for the country.(8) Typically, presidents reserve such powerful statements for their inaugural addresses. Though such addresses are sincere in intent—I can vouch for that, as someone who has given two and listened to many more—they are generally aspirational;they articulate hopes and dreams for what an institution can become. Daniels has already done something very different. He is putting himself on the line in a very public fashion. Year after year his salary will be determined by his success. And perhaps even more importantly, his success or failure will be public when his board announces the size and rationale for his bonus.(9) It’s a bold step—and Governor Daniels should be applauded for taking it.II. In this section, there are ten incomplete statements or questions, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (20 points, 2 points for each)16. The word “rift” in Paragraph 1 means ______A. gapB. dilemmaC. painD. headache17. As to higher education, the government is more and more concerned about ______.A. costs and productivityB. accountabilityC. costs and accessD. graduation rates18. Which of the following statements is true about Daniels’ salary package?A. He applies for salary inflation.B. The salary should be more than bonus.C. The salary should be based on his achievement.D. His salary package is the smallest among university presidents.19. The word “married” in Paragraph 5 means ______A. meltedB. combinedC. arrangedD. acknowledged20. According to the author, the future of higher education is not a zero-sum game because______.A. neither government nor higher education can winB. higher education can achieve both quality and effectivenessC. excellence can only be attained at the cost of affordabilityD. government and higher education can never reach agreement21. Nixon’s visit to China is mentioned______.A. to highlight Daniels’ pioneering workB. to extol Nixon’s contribution to the countryC. to point out the division between Republicans and DemocratsD. to show the importance of the relationship between the two nations22. The word “articulate” in Paragraph 8 means ______.A. designB. cultivateC. fosterD. express23. It can be inferred from Paragraph 8 that the author is probably ______.A. a farmerB. a freelancerC. a company employeeD. a president of an organization24. The author’s attitude towards Daniels’ reformation is ______.A. expectantB. indifferentC. negativeD. critical25. Which of the following is most appropriate as a title for this passage?A. A Hard TimeB. A Loyal PresidentC. A Powerful StatementD. A Promising Industry非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

全国2014年4月自考语言与文化试题.

绝密★考试结束前全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement and mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET. (1% 20=20%)1. Which of the following is NOT one of the important properties of language?A. Language is arbitrary.B. Language is systematic.C. Language is used for communication.D. Language is used by both human beings and animals.2. Such questions as “How do you think and feel about your family?”, “How do you treata guest?” and “What is your greatest ambition?” highlight the ______ aspects of culture.A. thematicB. institutionalC. behaviouralD. individual3. ______ is the basic meaning presented by meaningful linguistic units, including words and is often, though not always, the central factor in linguistic communication.A. Conceptual meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Social meaningD. Affective meaning4. Both “pretty” and “handsome” can mean nice looking, but “pretty” is often used together with “girl”, “woman”, “garden” etc., while “handsome” frequently appears together with “boy”, “man”, “car” etc., bec ause these are the ______ of these two terms.A. collocative meaningB. connotative meaningC. affective meaningD. reflected meaning5. Which of the following is NOT an inflectional morpheme?A. -ingB. -erC. -mentD. -s6. a) What’s the majority’s opinion?大多数人的意见怎样?b)Where’s today’s newspaper? 今天的报纸在哪里?The above two examples indicate that ______.A. cases are represented explicitly in pronouns in ChineseB. formal markers for cases in nouns are required in EnglishC. pronouns are marked explicitly for cases in ChineseD. Chinese pronouns do show formal variation for cases7. In English ______ are more distinctive than given names.A. surnamesB. nicknamesC. pen namesD. pet names8. ______are popular among female English speakers.A. Religious namesB. Plant namesC. Names of knowledgeD. Names of fame9. The phrasal verb “look forward to” means” “ ______”.A. examineB. seekC. expectD. watch10. A captivating man known as a great lover or seducer of women is often referred to asA. an Uncle TomB. a Don QuixoteC. an Oliver TwistD. a Don Juan11. “You chicken!” he cried, looking at Tom with contempt. In this sentence, “chicken” is usedmetaphorically to refer to ______.A. tendernessB. domestic fowlC. cowardsD. tamed animals12. Which of the following statements metaphorically tells us that life is a gambling game?A. I’ll take my chance.B. I’ve had a full life.C. His life contained a lot of sorrow.D. Their marriage is on its last legs.13. If Professor John Smith allows himself to be called John, ______.A. he might not be respected by his colleaguesB. he must be more respected by his colleaguesC. he might be kept a distance away from his colleaguesD. he might enjoy a harmonious relationship with his colleagues14. To sound modest and humble, one might have to use ______ to refer to oneself, one’s relatives, and one’s personal belongings.A. honourificsB. terms of humilityC. euphemismsD. taboos15. Hypotactic relations at the sentential level refer to constructions whose components arelinked through the use of ______.A. verbsB. nounsC. conjunctionsD. prepositions16. “Up you go, chaps!” The speaking style of the above sentence is______.A. formalB. consultativeC. casualD. intimate17. Chinese advertising as a whole is more ______ than English advertising.A. informativeB. formalC. persuasiveD. interesting18. In legal documents learned words are used frequently. A great many of them are from ______.A. FrenchB. Indian languagesC. LatinD. German19. In English culture, what does it mean if a girl smiles to a male stranger when coming across him in a university campus?A. She loves him.B. She is an immoral girl.C. She is friendly.D. She mistakes him for her acquaintance.20. Which of the following can be classified into the secondary territory, which is usually not central to the daily activities of the owner and not under their exclusive control? A. One’s own room. B. Your seat in the classroom.C. Supermarket.D. Theatre seats.II. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide what alternatives cancomplete the statement and mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. There are morethan one correct answer. (1% 10=10 %)21. Which of the following statements are the interpretation of culture in its narrow sense?A. Materials man has got to satisfy his needs.B. Social institutions and organizations man has established.C. Language and other communication systems.D. Customs, habits and behavioural patterns.22. Which of the following can be brought together under the heading associative meaning?A. Social meaning.B. Affective meaning.C. Conceptual meaning.D. Collocative meaning.23. In the English sentence “We are students”, all the three words are in plural forms, demonstrating grammatical ______ of the English language as regards the number, a grammatical category.A. implicitnessB. explicitnessC. consistencyD. instability24. In English ______ are flower names.A. AngelaB. LauraC. ViolaD. Brenda25. Which of the following idioms are in relation to mannerisms?A. To ride one’s high horse.B. No man is an island.C. A marriage of convenience.D. To keep a straight face.26. According to Lakoff, an American linguist, similes and metaphors are ways of thinking. They are used in______.A. unusual occasionsB. literary worksC. everyday speechesD. body language27. In which of the following situations does a Chinese use honourifics to show respect toa superior?A. When he is talking with a superior.B. When he is writing to a superior.C. When the superior he refers to is present.D. When the superior he refers to is absent.28. If the sentences in a text exhibit cohesion, they are connected by ______ means.A. grammaticalB. systematicC. lexicalD. meaningful29. American English differs from British English mainly in ______.A. pronunciationB. spellingC. grammarD. sentence structure30. Many cultures allow people to interact at a much closer distance and are therefore referred to as contact cultures, which include______.A. AsiansB. Latin AmericansC. Southern EuropeansD. Arabs非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)真题2014年4月_真题(含答案与解析)-交互

高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)真题2014年4月(总分100, 做题时间150分钟)课程代码：00595注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用2 B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

I. CAREFUL READINGRead the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SH EET. (40 points, 2 points each)Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.The passengers on the bus watched sympathetically as the you ng woman with the white cane made her way cautiously up th e steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to feel the location of the seats, settled into one. She pla ced her briefcase on her lap and rested her cane against h er leg.It had been a year since Susan, thirty-four, became blind. As the result of a medical accident she was sightless, suddenly thrown into a world of darkness, a nger, frustration and self-pity. All she could cling to was her husband Mark.Mark was an Air Force officer and he loved Susan with all his heart. When she first lost her sight, he watched her sink into despair and he became determined to use every m eans to help his wife.Finally, Susan felt ready to return to her job, but how wo uld she get there? She used to take the bus, but she was now too frightened to get around the city by herself. Mar k volunteered to ride the bus with Susan each morning andevening until she got the hang of (摸清情况) it. And that was exactly what happened.For two weeks, Mark, military uniform and all, accompanied S usan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other senses, specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new environment. H e helped her befriend the bus drivers who could watch out for her, and save her a seat.Each morning they made the journey together, and Mark would take a taxi back to his office. Although the routine of going back and forth was costly, Mark knew it was only a matter of time before Susan would be able to ride the bus on her own.Finally, Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip on her own. Monday morning arrived. Before she left, she em braced her husband tightly. Her eyes filled with tears of g ratitude for his loyalty, his patience, and his love. She s aid good-bye and, for the first time, they went their separate ways. Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday... Each day on her own went perfectly, and a wild gaiety (快乐) took hold of Susan. She was doing it! She was going t o work all by herself!.SSS_SINGLE_SEL1.When Susan got on the bus, the passengers ______.A admired herB stared curiously at herC ignored herD felt sorry for her该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:DSSS_SINGLE_SEL2.Which of the following is true of Mark?A He kept confidence in Susan.B He felt confused with Susan.C He depended more on Susan.D He was tired of Susan.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL3.At the beginning of her sightless life, Susan was seized by anger, self-pity and ______.A irritationB hesitationC hopelessnessD indifference该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL4.Which of the following is true?A Mark realized it would take a long time for Susan to recover her sight.B Mark knew that Susan would get to work by herself sooner or later.C Mark hated to leave poor Susan alone even for one minute.D Mark loved the routine of accompanying Susan to work.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL5.The passage can be used as an example of ______.A honestyB sympathyC diligenceD determination该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:CPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Most people claim that we should judge others on the basisof how they act, not how they look. However, the reality is quite opposite. Appearance is especially important in th e early stages of a relationship.The influence of physical attractiveness begins early in life . Infants as young as six months prefer images of attractiv e faces to less appealing ones. From age five on, overweigh t boys are viewed by peers as less attractive; tall, thin ones are judged as uncommunicative and nervous; and muscular and athletic youngsters are seen as outgoing, active, and popular. The same principle continues into adult life. Handso me men and beautiful women are seen as more sensitive, kind , interesting, strong, calm, modest, sociable, outgoing, and exciting than their less attractive counterparts. Adults are more likely to interact with strangers who they view as att ractive. Senior citizens also rate good-looking people as more desirable than those who are less at tractive.Although we might assume that attractive people are radically different from those who are less attractive, the truth is that we view the familiar as beautiful. Langlois and Roggm an presented students with two types of photos: some were i mages of people from North European, Asian, and Latino backg rounds, while others **puter-generated images **bined the characteristics of several indivi duals. Surprisingly, the students consistently preferred **posi te photos of both men and women. When the features of eigh t or more individuals **bined into one image, the students rated the picture as more attractive than the features of a single person or of a **bination of people. Thus, we seem to be drawn to people who represent the most attractive q ualities of ourselves and those people aren't different from the rest of us.Even if your appearance isn't beautiful by social standards, consider these encouraging facts: first, ordinary-looking people with pleasing personalities are likely to be judged as being attractive; second, physical factors become l ess important as a relationship progress. As Hamachek puts it, “Attractive features may open doors, but apparently, it takes more than physical beauty to keep them open.”SSS_SINGLE_SEL6.“The same principle”(Para. 2) refers to the principle tha t ______.A children are more attractive than adultsB attractive people are perceived as desirableC the early stages of a relationship are importantD the influence of appearance begins early in life该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL7.The third paragraph emphasizes in part the importance of ___ ___.A familiarityB differenceC individualityD consistency该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL8.According to the passage, the **posite features people have, ______.A the more unique they areB the less ordinary they areC the more attractive they areD the less beautiful they are该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL9.In his statement, Hamachek is giving emphasis to ______.A social standardsB composite featuresC good characterD physical attraction该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL10.The best title for the passage is ______.A Beauty and AgeB Appearance and RelationshipC Standards of Social BehaviorD Features of Physical Attractiveness该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:BPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.The public schools of the United States—elementary, secondary, and higher—have a history, and it is the social history of the United States: the decades before the Civil War, in which the el ementary or “common schools”were reformed; the decades sur rounding the turn of the twentieth century, in which the se condary schools “welcomed”the “children of the plain peop le”;and the post-World War II decades, which found the public colleges and u niversities flooded non-traditional students—those traditionally excluded from higher education by sex, ra ce, and class.In each of these periods, the quantitative expansion of the student population was matched by a qualitative transformati on of the enlarged institutions. **mon schools of the mid-1800s were charged with reforming the moral character of the children of failed artisans (工匠) and farmers; the expanded high schools at the turn of the century with preparing their poor, working-class, and immigrant teenagers for future lives in city and factory; the “open-access”publicinstitutions in the postwar period with moving their students off the unemployment lines and into lower-level white-collar positions.**mon schools, the high schools, the colleges and universities—all in their own times—were expanded and transformed so that they might better main tain social order and increase material productivity. But no matter how enlarged or reformed, they could not do the jo bs expected of them: they could not solve the economic, soc ial, and human problems brought about by uncontrolled urbaniz ation and industrialization within the context of the private property system. The schooling reforms succeeded only in sh ifting the discussion and action from the social and product ive system to the people who were now held responsible for not fitting into it.SSS_SINGLE_SEL11.American education in the post-World War II decades focused mostly on ______.A early childhood educationB elementary school educationC secondary school educationD college education该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:DSSS_SINGLE_SEL12.The turn-of-the-century American education dealt partly with the problem of ______.A failed farmersB unsuccessful artisansC immigrant teenagersD lower-level white-collar workers该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:DSSS_SINGLE_SEL13.It is implied in the passage that women began to be educat ed in large numbers ______.A after the Civil WarB at the turn of the 20th centuryC before World War IID after World War II该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:DSSS_SINGLE_SEL14.One of the purposes for public school reformation is ______.A to increase material productivityB to impose the quality of educationC to urbanize rural areas in the United StatesD D. to promote industrialization in the United States该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL15.The author believes that public schools ______.A changed American political systemB could not solve American problemsC led to social problems in the United StatesD could not improve qualitatively in the United States该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:CPassage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Historical periods are dominated by distinct sets of ideas w hich form the general spirit of a period in history. Greek philosophy, Christianity, Renaissance thought, the Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment are examples of sets of ideas that dominated their historical periods. The changes fr om one period to the next are usually rather gradual.; othe r changes—more abrupt—are often referred to as revolutions. The most far-reaching of all these intellectual changes was the Darwinian revolution. The worldview formed by any thinking person in the Western world after 1859, when On the Origin of Speci es was published, was by necessity quite different from a w orldview formed before 1859. It is almost impossible for a modern person to project back to the early half of the nin eteenth century and reconstruct the thinking of this pre-Darwinian period, for the impact of Darwinism on our views has been so great.The intellectual revolution brought about by Darwin went far beyond the realm of biology, causing the overthrow of some of the most basic beliefs of his age. For example, Darwin rejected the belief in the individual creation of each spe cies, establishing in its place the concept that all of lif e descended from a common ancestor. By extension, he introdu ced the idea that humans were not the special products of creation but evolved according to principles that operate eve rywhere else in the living world. Darwin upset current notio ns of a perfectly designed natural and gentle world and sub stituted in their place the concept of a struggle for survi val. Victorian notions of progress and perfectibility were se riously weakened by Darwin's demonstration that evolution brin gs about change and adaptation, but it does not necessarily lead to progress, and it never leads to perfection.Darwin would be remembered as an outstanding scientist even if he had never written a word about evolution. Indeed, som e people believe that Darwin’s most original contribution to biology was not the theory of evolution but his series of books on experimental botany published near the end of his life. This achievement is little known among non-biologists, and the same is true for his equally outstanding work on the adaptation of flowers and on animal psychology , as well as his imaginative work on earthworms. Darwin als o attacked important problems with extraordinary originality, thereby becoming the founder of several now well-recognized separate disciplines. Darwin was the first person to work out a sound theory of classification, which is stil l used by most experts today.SSS_SINGLE_SEL16.The author considers the change caused by Darwin’s On the Origin of Species ______.A gradualB abruptC religiousD philosophical该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SELThe influence of Darwinism has been so strong that it is d ifficult to ______.A know how people looked at the world before 1859B imagine people’s worldview after 1859C disregard the implications of his theoryD know what Victorian society was like该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL18.Darwin believed that all species in the world ______.A were created individuallyB sprang from the same originC became increasingly betterD shared the same pace of progress该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL19.It can be concluded from the passage that Darwin was ______ .A a modest scholarB a born thinkerC an original scientistD a practical theorist该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL20.The author intends to say in the last paragraph that ______ .A Darwin did outstanding work apart from his theory of evolutionB non-biologists know very little about Darwin's theory of evolutionC scholars failed to recognize Darwin’s contributions for along timeD Darwin's most outstanding contribution is his theory of classification该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:DII. SPEED READINGSkim or scan the following passages, and then decide on t he best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each)Passage 5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Potatoes are a tuber-producing crop originally grown in the Americas. Over 200 va rieties of wild potatoes grow from what is now Colorado to what are now Chile and Argentina. The native peoples of t he Andean region of South America were the first to domesti cate potatoes and to cultivate them as a food crop. The ea rliest potato, found in an archaeological site in central Pe ru, has been dated back to about 8000 B.C.. Scientists beli eve that American Indians began domesticating potatoes at the end of the Ice Age. Four thousand years later, native peo ples livingin the Andean highlands had begun to rely on potatoes as a major part of their diet. By about 2000 B.C.. Indians in the coastal region of what is now Peru were also cultivat ing this crop extensively.During the reign of the Inca, who established their empire in what is now Peru in about A.D. 1000, American Indian fa rmers were growing not only white potatoes but red, yellow, black, blue, green, and brown ones as well. They were del iberately developing potatoes of varying sizes and shapes tha t would do well under a number of growing conditions. Becau se potatoes were easily grown, flourish in a number of clim ates, and high in vitamin C, they were an efficient way of meeting dietary needs.In 1531, when Spanish conqueror Francisco Pizarro landed in what is now Peru, the native Andean peoples had developed a bout 3,000 types of potatoes and had also invented a method to freeze-dry them for storage. The Inca, who called potatoes papas, ate boiled potatoes as a vegetable and also made a kind of unleavened potato bread made from flour that had been grou nd from freeze-dried potatoes. They also added this potato flour to soups and stews and made porridge from it.Pedro de Cieza, who traveled with Francisco Pizarro's expedit ion, compared potatoes to chestnuts. Because the tubers grew underground and were small, the Spaniards believed potatoes were truffles (块菌) and began calling them tartuffo. When English explorer S ir Francis Drake crossed the Strait of Magellan, he ate pot atoes on the coast of what is now Chile that same year. Y et, historians are uncertain exactly whether the Spaniards or the English brought potatoes to Europe.SSS_SINGLE_SEL21.The earliest potato was found in ______.A PeruB ChileC ArgentinaD Colorado该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL22.Potatoes became the major source of food for American Indian s about ______.A 8000 B.C.B 4000 B.C.C 2000 B.C.D A.D.1000该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL23.American Indians developed potatoes of different sizes and sh apes to ______.A meet different dietary needsB get potatoes of different colorsC suit various growing conditionsD store them in convenient places该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL24.American Indians freeze-dried potatoes so that they could be ______.A stewedB groundC storedD boiled该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL25.Which of the following is true?A Historians believe that the English brought potatoes to Europe.B Sir Francis Drake ate potatoes in what is now Peru.C Francisco **pared potatoes to chestnuts.D The Spaniards thought that potatoes were truffles.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DPassage 6Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The blogging craze of a couple of years ago, when it was estimated that ten new blogs were started somewhere in the world every minute, now seems to have died down a bit. Y et thousands of blogs—probably the better ones—remain. Blogs are now no longer seen as the exclusive posse ssion of geeks, and are now seen as important and influenti al sources of news and opinions. So many people read blogs now that it has even been suggested that some blogs may have been powerful enough to influence the result of the re cent U.S. election.Blogs are very easy to set up. All you need is a computer , an internet connection and the desire to write something.A blog differs from a traditional internet site in two ways. First, a blog is one page consisting mostly of texts, though a few pictures are sometimes provided. Second, andmore importantly, a blog is a space for people to respond to what you write. The best blogs are similar to online di scussions, where people write in response to what the blogge r has written. Blogs are regularly updated—busy blogs are updated every day, or even every few hours.Not all blogs are about politics, however. There are blogs about music, films, sports, books—any subject you can imagine has its enthusiasts typing away and giving their opinions to fellow enthusiasts or anyone else who cares to read their opinions.But how influential, or important, is the blogosphere really? One problem with blogs is that many people who read and write them seem only to communicate with each other. When p eople talk about the influence of the blogosphere, they do not take into account the millions of people around the wor ld who are not bloggers, never read blogs, and don't even have access to a computer, let alone a good internet connec tion.Sometimes, it seems that the blogosphere exists only to infl uence itself, or that its influence is limited to what is actually quite a **munity. Blogs seem to promise a virtual democracy—in which anyone can say anything they like, and have their opinions heard—but who is actually listening to these opinions? Little hard evidence shows that blogs have influenced people in the wa y that traditional mass media such as television and newspap ers are able to do.SSS_SINGLE_SEL26.Now the blogging craze ______.A is emergingB has become less intenseC keeps risingD remains the same as before该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL27.Blogs differ from traditional internet sites in that ______.A texts are mostly shortB they present picturesC they are daily updatedD readers can **ments该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DSSS_SINGLE_SEL28.One problem with blogs is that bloggers fail to consider __ ____.A non-bloggersB virtual democracyC U.S. politiciansD internet connection该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DSSS_SINGLE_SEL29.In the author's opinion, the influence of the blogosphere is ______.A importantB powerfulC positiveD limited该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DSSS_SINGLE_SEL30.According to the author, it is not difficult to ______.A set up blogsB make blogs involve everyoneC show the importance of blogosphereD make blogs surpass traditional mass media该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DIII. DISCOURSE CLOZEThe following is taken from the textbook. Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces (there are more suggeste d answers than necessary). Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each)The makers of the Constitution knew that changes would be n ecessary and that if there was no way of making them, the Constitution would no longer be useful. They, therefore, ma de it possible for Americans to change the Constitution by adopting amendments to it, (31) . All amendments written int o the Constitution have been made in accordance with rules (32) . An amendment may be proposed by two-thirds of both houses of Congress or by a convention called by Congress (33) . It must then be approved by three-fourths of all the states. Then and only then (34) .Since 1789 (35) . Ten of them were adopted almos t immediately (36) . They are the amendments (37) because t hey protect the rights of individuals．Some amendments have e xtended the right to vote by forbidding discrimination in re spect to the fight to vote on account of race，color or sex，and (38) ．One great amendment abolished slavery in the Unit ed States．The Fourteenth Amendment，(39) ，has done much in recent years to bring greater justice to black people and others．Other amendments have changed the me thod of electing senators(40) ，and increased the taxing power of Congress．By amendment we have sought to **e defects in the Constitution and thus to keep it alive．(From The Constitution of the United States)[A] accepted after the Civil War[B] laid down in the original document[C]in order to make it more democratic[D] that we call the Bill of Rights[E] by interpretation on the part of the Supreme Court[F] twenty-six amendments to the Constitution have been adopted[G] that Congress had no power under the Constitution to pa ss such a law[H]at the request of two-thirds of the state legislatures[I]but they did not make it easy to do so[J] does the change become part of the Constitution [K] after the Constitution went into effect[L]by lowering the voting age to eighteenSSS_SIMPLE_SIN31.A B C D E F GH I J K L该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ISSS_SIMPLE_SIN32.A B C D E F GH I J K L该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN33.A B C D E F GH I J K L该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:HSSS_SIMPLE_SIN34.A B C D E F GH I J K L该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:JSSS_SIMPLE_SIN35.A B C D E F GH I J K L该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:FSSS_SIMPLE_SIN36.A B C D E F GH I J K L该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:KSSS_SIMPLE_SIN37.A B C D E F GH I J K L该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DSSS_SIMPLE_SIN38.A B C D E F GH I J K L该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:LSSS_SIMPLE_SIN39.A B C D E F GH I J K L该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN40.A B C D E F GH I J K L该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CIV．WORD FORMATIONComplete each of the following sentences with the proper f orm of the word in brackets Write your answers on the ANSW ER SHEET. (10 points，1 point each)41.(bright)That new carpet will certainly _____ up your living room．SSS_FILL该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:brightly42.(anxiety) The foreign minister admitted he was still _____ a bout the situation in that country．SSS_FILL该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:anxiety43.(ill) Scientists have not yet found a cure for this _____ _．SSS_FILL该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:illness44.(sign) The recent decline of the stock market does not nece ssarily ____ the start of a recession．SSS_FILL该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:signs45.(simple) Some students lost marks _____ because they hadn’t read the question carefully．SSS_FILL该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:simply46.(enjoy) Lunch break at the hotdog stand in the park is the most _____ and interesting time of the day for me．SSS_FILL该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:enjoyable47.(able)This health center serves all patients，regardless of their ______ to pay．SSS_FILL该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ability48.(understand) She expressed her opinions in such clear terms that no one would ____ her．SSS_FILL该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:understanding49.(1ead) Ever since the 1990s，Microsoft has been a world ____ in software design．SSS_FILL该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:led50.(judge) It’s too soon to make a ______ about the impact of the new policy．SSS_FILL该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:judgementV．GAP FILLINGThe following is taken from the textbook．Fill in the numb ered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box(there are more words than necessary)．Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points，1 point each)asdevotefiercen caseinterestin thatloverejectionsetthatwhowithThe semi-barbaric king had a daughter whom he loved deeply. She was as passionate, fanciful, and strong as her father and was (51) to him. As is the case in many fairy tales, this daughter, the apple of her father’s eye, was in love wit h a young man (52) was below her in station. He was a commoner. He was also brave, handsome, and daring, and he l oved the royal daughter (53) all his being. The princess had enough barbarism in her (54) their love affair was dr amatic…too dramatic. It was a secret for months, but then the king found out about it.The king didn’t hesitate for a minute. He sent the young man to prison and (55) a date for his trial in the ar ena. When the date arrived, everyone in the kingdom wanted to attend. They all knew of the king’s(56) in the case , and there was excitement in the air.The king's men searched for the (57) tiger in the realm . They also searched for the fairest maiden in the land so that he could have a fitting bride (58) he were found innocent. Of course, everyone knew that he **mitted the “crime”of (59) the princess, but the king did not allow the facts of the case to alter his decision. The trial w ould go on (60) planned. The youth would be gone no ma tter what happened; he would either be dead or married. The king could enjoy the proceedings for the sport of it. (From The Lady or the Tiger)SSS_FILL51.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:devoteSSS_FILL52.。

2014年4月英语(二)试题和答案

2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试题(课程代码 00015）本试卷满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答题注意事项：1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。

答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸.2．第一部分为选择题。

必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡"的相应代码涂黑。

3．第二部分为非选择题。

必须注明大、小题号,使用0。

5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答.4．合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效.第一部分选择题一、阅读判断（第1—10题，每题1分,共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C.在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

未涂、错涂、多涂或少涂均无分.Running： Sport or Way of Life？You go through the channels several times and find that once again there’s nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortable clothes and go for a run.One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don’t need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment。

But don't be fooled into thinking the sport of running is easy。

英语二-2014年4月真题试卷

2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二)试卷(课程代码00015)本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答题注意事项：1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。

答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。

2.第一部分为选择题。

必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。

3.第二部分为非选择题。

必须注明大、小题号，使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。

4.合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。

第一部分选择题一、阅读判断(本大题共10小题，每题1分，共10分)下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。

在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

未涂、错涂、多涂均无分。

Running:Sport or Way of Life?You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortable clothes and go for a run.One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment. But don't be fooled into thinking the sport of running is easy. It requires discipline and concentration.Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart, lungs,and muscles. It makes you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you don't get sick as easily. It can even help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more clearly.How do you get engaged in the sport if you don't know much about it? Most schools offer running programs. A simple Internet search can help you find some in your area. The programs show you how running can offer competition or just be forfun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies.Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be. If you go to a race, you'll see people cheering for all the runners. Running isn't always about how fast you are running or how far you're going.It's about getting out there and doing it.Participation is more important than competition, and effort is recognized over talent.If you're looking for more than just a sport, running may be the perfect choice for you.1.You may find it interesting to go for arun.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given2. The sport of running is easy.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given3. It is hard to find a safe environment for running.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given4. Running is good to people's body and mind.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given5. Along-distance run is good in many ways.A.TrueB.FalseC. Not Given6.You can find running programs online.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given7. Running programs set goals for you.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given8.You should go for a run every day.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given9. Runners respect one another as they love the sport.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given10.Running means more than a sport.A.TrueB. FalseC. Not Given二、阅读选择(本大题共5小题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A 、B 、C 、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

2014年04月自考综合英语二真题附答案

绝密★考试结束前全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(二)试题和答案课程代码：00795请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

I. GRAMMARAND VOCABULARYComplete each of the following 15 sentences with the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)1. Mr. Johnson ______ rather not invest that money in the stock market.A. shouldB. couldC. wouldD. must2. Americans eat ______ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A. more than twice manyB. as twice as manyC. as many as twiceD. twice as many3. In 1900, the energy derived from burning petroleum was only four percent ______ of coal.A. thatB. thisC. whatD. which4. Many patients insist on having watches with them in hospital, ______ they have no schedules to keep.A. sinceB. even thoughC. soD. as if5. In summer, she would sit in the garden enjoying the fresh air and the smell of the things she ______.A. was plantingB. had plantedC. has plantedD. would plant6. There ______ nothing more for discussion, the meeting ended earlier than expected.A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be7. ______ we can hope for is to avoid complete failure in the coming game with that strong team.A. For the bestB. With the bestC. At bestD. The best8. While crossing the mountain area, all the men carried guns lest they ______ by wild animals.A. should be attackedB. must be attackedC. could be attackedD. would be attacked9. Her talent and experience ______ her to the respect of her colleagues.A. authorizedB. qualifiedC. deservedD. entitled10. Those who change mobile phones too frequently will have to pay for being ______.A. gracefulB. fashionableC. popularD. perfect11. We hoped to be able to move into our new house at the end of the month, but things didn’t ______ as we expected.A. work outB. move outC. get outD. carry out12. On arriving home, the boy told his parents about all the ______ which occurred in his dormitory.A. occasionsB. affairsC. incidentsD. issues13. He complained to the bookseller that there were several pages ______ in the book.A. losingB. missingC. droppingD. lacking14. Jeans are so hot these days that big name stars appear on TV advertising for their ______ brands.A. favoriteB. uniqueC. permanentD. intimate15. In order to buy a new car, you should at least ______ one hundred dollars a week.A. put outB. put forwardC. put upD. put asideII. CLOZEFill in each of the 15 blanks in the passage with the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)Without transportation, there could be no trade. Without trade, there could be no towns and cities. Towns and cities are traditionally the 16 centers of civilization. Therefore, transportation helps make civilization 17 practical.Throughout most of the prehistoric period, people lived by hunting, fishing, and 18 growing wild plants. They had no beasts of burden, wheeled vehicles, or roads. People traveled 19 on foot and carried their infants and belongings strapped to their backs or heads. Loads too heavy for one person to carry were strapped to a pole and carried by two people.20 All the while , people learned that they could drag loads along the ground on sledges. During late prehistoric times, people began to build sledges with runners.When people developed agriculture and began to establish 21. permanent settlements, trade between settlements started to develop, which created a need for better 22 means of transportation. The donkey and the ox, which had been tamed for food products and farm work, helped 23 meet this need. The use of donkeys and oxen as beasts of burden enabled people to 24 move heavier loads than they could before.People also began to develop water transportation during prehistoric times. They built rafts of such 25 materials as logs or reeds. Later, people learned 26 how to make dugouts and canoes. People paddled these early craft with their hands or propelled them with paddles or 27 poles.The wheel was invented about 3500 B.C. and sailboat about 3200 B.C. Wheeled vehicles and sailing vessels 28 initiated transportation. But the speed of transportation improved only 29 slightly over the centuries.Inventors produced the first engine- 30powered vehicles during the late 1700’s and the early 1800’s. This development marked the beginning of a revolution in transportation that has continued to the present.16. A. highlights B. pinpoints C. headquarters D. centers17. A. possible B. acceptable C. practical D. typical18. A. growing B. gathering C. watering D. moving19. A. in turn B. at ease C. on foot D. for fun20. A. All the while B. For a while C. In time D. On time21. A. temporary B. permanent C. regular D. steady22 A. knowledge B. judgment C. standards D. means23. A. recognize B. develop C. meet D. reduce24. A. bear B. move C. share D. lift25. A. materials B. styles C. items D. types26. A. where B. when C. how D. as27. A. poles B. sails C. currents D. winds28. A. demonstrated B. revolutionized C. witnessed D. initiated29. A. considerably B. continuously C. swiftly D. slightly30. A. powered B. controlled C. oriented D. relatedIII. PARAPHRASINGChoose the closest paraphrased version after each of the following sentences or the italicized part. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in all)31. This is a deflation of our pretensions, to be sure, but it is also the opening up to our view of a vast and awesome universe.A. This makes us feel flattered, ...B. This makes us feel less arrogant, ...C. This is a lack of trust in our honesty, ...D. This is a lack of respect for our dignity, ...32. When you stay in a new environment for a while, you move to stage two—the crisis stage—in which the shine wears off and day-to-day realities sink in.A. ...your interest begins to disappear and you find life dull.B. ...the brilliant light goes off and you have nothing to hope for in life.C. ...the bright color fades and life changes too quickly for you to adapt to.D. ...your excitement dies out and you have to face unpleasant aspects of life.33. The old woman did not want to become a burden, and so bore her burden.A. The old woman took the responsibility to support herself, for she hated to bother and depend on others.B. Being tired of being a burden on others, the old woman started to take care of herself.C. Instead of becoming a burden on others, the old woman had to take care of others.D. Despite her will not to bother others, the old woman became their burden.34. How do you go about making a boy into a zero?A. How can you make a boy interested in nothing?B. What do you do if a boy gets a zero in his exam?C. How is it possible to turn a boy into a total failure?D. What does it mean to a boy if he is nobody in school?35. Now, I didn’t have to say that ... if you ask me, it showed a lot of humility on my part to say a thing like that when, after all, I have got a career of my own to consider...A. ...I said that at the cost of my own reputation...B. ...I wouldn’t have said that if I had thought for myself...C. ...only a modest person like me could say something like that...D. ...as a person with self-respect, I wouldn’t say that kind of thing...36. “It’s not so much what my husband says,” a tearful wife confides, “as the way he says it. Why does he have to yell at me?”A. The way he says it is as important as what he says.B. What he says matters more than the way he says it.C. It is the way he says it rather than what he says that hurts me.D. It is what he says rather than the way he says it that hurts me.37. But try to break it [the difficult situation the family had to face] gently to Laura.A. But try to treat Laura politely.B. But try to free Laura from it carefully.C. But try to tell Laura this in a tender way.D. But try to leave Laura without hurting her.38. Flunk one more course, and I’m out.A. I cannot put up with another course any more.B. If I fail another course, I’ll have to leave the university.C. One more university course is what I need for graduation.D. I am no longer a university student due to the failure in a course.39. I bowed to superior [my mother] will and entered journalism with a heavy heart.A. I accepted the job though I hated it deep down in my heart.B. I got ready to devote myself to journalism as my mother expected.C. I respected my mother’s decision and took up journalism seriously.D. I had to obey my mother and began my journalistic career unwillingly.40. People in those difficult places do not forget the law of hospitality to the stranger—for their God may decree that they too shall become strangers on the face of the earth.A. ...because they believe that one day fate might take them to some foreign land.B. ...because they hope that their kindness might help them make friends all over the word.C. ...because they are afraid that an unfriendly host might be an unwelcome visitor someday.D. ...because they are sure their friendliness could bring them the chance to travel around the world.IV. READING COMPREHENSIONRead the two passages and choose the most likely answer to each of the questions. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (2 points each, 20 points in all)Passage OneIf you are searching for a job, you have perhaps read lots of local newspapers with job vacancies, and certainly even visited an employment agency or firm to help you get the job of your dreams. Job hunting is not an easy task and one needs to be informed on how to find numerous advertisements of vacancies that suit your professional needs. There are a number of useful tips on how to write unique and good curriculum vitae (CV)(简历) documents that all job seekers should like. All this information can be obtained at no cost from most job sites.Today most recruitment companies advertise their vacancies on the job websites and this provides a free and accessible way to find thousands of jobs and one can feasibly apply for jobs within a very short time. Most recruitment portals (门户网站) allow you to keep your CV with them and send it automatically to the human resources for consideration any time you apply for a job.This service also allows you to up-date your CV at any time and companies looking for employees will also be able to view your employment and qualification details and send you an application invitation without the need of your having to look for them. If you are looking for a job, you can start with the most popular and trusted sites that will give you a wide range of choices to select from.E-mail alerts can save you a lot of energy and time but one needs to specify the type of notifications she/he needs to receive depending on one’s career goals. You should also need to be keen on the deadline because most sites do not remove the list of jobs, whose deadline has already passed. In case the deadline is not indicated you can e-mail or call the employer to check the details.Before applying for a job it is advisable to read the terms and conditions of recruitment well to see whether you qualify for the position because it is pointless to apply for a post of which you do not meet the requirements. You need to expand your job search by browsing related categories or you can look for a job using alternative job titles in other areas, for instance, outside your locality, since an opportunity can present itself at the least expected place.Business sites are also becoming very popular and help many job seekers to create and develop relationships that will help them find a job. There are numerous job sites available but one needs to be very careful. There are people who usethese sites to cheat innocent employment seekers. These sites also offer useful information and tips on how to find a job, write a CV, apply for a vacancy as well as tips on interviews. Some sites provide you with career coaches to give you all the information you need on jobs and can also help you find the right job that is in line with your career or profession.41. What kind of service do most recruitment portals offer?A. They keep job seekers’ CVs.B. They p ublish job seekers’ CVs.C. They up-date CVs for job seekers.D. They prepare CVs for job seekers.42.Which of the following can best explain the word “feasibly” in Paragraph 2?A. Directly.B. Effortlessly.C. Possibly.D. Immediately.43. Which of the following can help you avoid wasting time on a job which does not exist?A. To ask for details.B. To check the deadline.C. To inquire about payments.D. To confirm the location.44. What is the author’s advice about getting a job?A. You need to be informed about alternative job positions.B. You need to focus on certain categories to avoid wasting time.C. You should study the terms and conditions to avoid being cheated.D. You should be clear about the requirements and your qualifications.45. What might be the author’s purpose of writing this passage?A. To tell people how to find job vacancies.B. To explain how hard it is to find a job now.C. To recommend the most popular and trusted sites.D. To share some personal experience with job seekers.Passage TwoI’ve often felt that “step-parent”is a label we attach to men and women who marry into families where children already exist, for the simple reason that we need to call them something. It is most certainly an enormous “step”, but one doesn’t often feel as if the term “parent” truly applies. At least that’s how I used to feel about being a step-mother to my husband’s four children.My husband and I had been together for six years, and with him I had watched as his young children become young teenagers. Although they lived primarily with their mother, they spent a lot of time with us as well. Over the years, we all learned to adjust, to become more comfortable with each other, and to adapt to our new family arrangements. We enjoyed vacations together, ate family meals, worked on homework, played baseball, rented videos. However, I continued to feel somewhat like an outsider, invading foreign territory. There was a definite boundary line that could not be crossed, an inner family circle which excluded me. Since I had no children of my own, my experience of parenting was limited to my husband’s four, and often I felt sad that I would never know the special bond that exists between a parent and a child.When the children moved to a town five hours away, my husband was understandably depressed. In order to maintain regular communication with the kids, we contacted Cyberspace and promptly set up an e-mail and chat-line service. This technology, combined with the telephone, would enable us to reach them on a daily basis by sending frequent notes and messages, and even chatting together when we were all online.Ironically, these modern tools of communication can also be tools of alienation (疏远), making us feel so out of touch, so much more in need of real human contact. If a computer message came addressed to “Dad”, I’d feel forgotten and neglected. If my name appeared along with his, it would brighten my day and make me feel like I was part of their family unit after all. Yet always there was some distance to be crossed, not just over the telephone wires.Late one evening, as my husband dozed off in front of the television and I was catching up on my e-mail, an “instant message” appeared on the screen. It was Margo, my oldest step-daughter, also up late and sitting in front of her computer five hours away. As we had done in the past, we sent several messages back and forth, exchanging the latest news. Whenwe would “chat” like that, she wouldn’t necessarily know if it was me or her dad on the other end of the keyboard—that is unless she asked. That night she didn’t ask and I didn’t identify myself either. After hearing the latest volleyball scores, the details about an upcoming dance at her school, and a history project she was working on, I commented that it was late and I should get to sleep. Her return message read, “Okay, talk to you later! Love you!”As I read this message, a wave of sadness ran through me and I realized that she must have thought she was writing to her father the whole time. She and I would never have openly exchanged such words of affection. Feeling guilty for not clarifying, yet not wanting to embarrass her, I simply responded, “Love you too! Have a good sleep!”I thought again of their family circle, that self-contained, private space where I was an intruder. I felt again the sharp ache of emptiness and otherness. Then, just as my fingers reached for the keys, just as I was about to return the screen to black, Margo’s final message appeared. It read, “Tell Dad good night for me too.” With tear-filled, blurry eyes, I turned the machine off.46. Why did the author feel like an outsider in the family?A. The four children were unwilling to spend time with her.B. She couldn’t form the special tie with the children.C. She didn’t have much experience in parenting.D. The four children were not friendly to her.47. What is “Cyberspace” mentioned in Paragraph 3?A. It’s a program.B. It’s a company.C. It’s a school.D. It’s a place.48. Why did the author feel guilty at the sight of Margo’s words of affection?A. She had unintentionally made Margo uncomfortable.B. She had never communicated with Margo in such way.C. She pretended to be Margo’s father when chatting with her.D. She did not explain that it was she who was writing to Margo.49. What did Margo’s last message indicate to the author?A. The relationship Margo had with her was far from intimate.B. The mistrust Margo had in her was greater than she had expected.C. The boundary line would always exist, even with an email service.D. The sensitivity and ache she felt about otherness was not necessary.50. What can we learn from the passage?A. A step-mother can never truly enter the kids’ world and become their friend.B. The gap between a step-mother and her step-children can never be bridged.C. An intimacy can be established between a step-mother and her step-children.D. A step-mother should go out of her way to adjust to needs of her step-children.非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

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1 绝密★考试结束前全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604

请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。全部题目用英文作答。选择题部分注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用2 B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。

I. Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each) Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet.

1. Shakespeare has established his giant position in world literature with his ______ plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems.

A. 27 B. 38 C.47 D. 52 2. john Milton’s literary achievement can be divided into three groups: the early poetic works, the middle prose pamphlets and the last ______.

A. romances B. dramas C. great poems D. ballads 3. The novels of ______ are the first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower— class people.

A. John Milton B. Daniel Defoe C. Henry Fielding D. Jonathan Swift 2

4. The work ranked by many critics as William Wordswoth’s greatest work was ______. A. Lyrical Ballads B. The Prelude C. Poems in Two Volumes D. The Excursion 5. The author of The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling is ______. A. Daniel Defoe B. Johathan Swift C. Henry Fielding D. William Blake 6. The works of ______ are famous for the depiction of the life of the middle — class women, particularly governess.

A. Charlotte Bronte B. D.H. Lawrence C. Thomas Hardy D. Jane Austen 7. All of the following writings are created by William Wordsworth EXCEPT ______. A. “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud. ” B. “Composed upon Westminster Bridge, Septemer 3, 1802. ” C. “The Solitary Reaper. ” D. “The Chimney Sweeper. ” 8. The most important representative work by Jonathan Swift is ______. A. A Tale of a Tub B. The Battle of the Books C. A Modest Proposal D. Gulliver's Travels 9 “If winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”comes from Shelly’s ______. A. “To a Skylark” B. “Adonais” C. “Ode to Liberty” D. “Ode to the West Wind” 3

10. In Jane Austen' s first novel ______, she tells a story about two sisters and their love affairs.

A. Pride and Prejudice B. Sense and Sensibility C. Emma D. Persuasion 11. Charles Dickens is one of the greatest ______ writers of the Victorian Age. A. romantic B. modernist C. socialist D. critical realist 12. Charlotte Bronte' s most autobiographical work, ______ is largely based on her experience in Brussels.

A. Jane Eyre B. Shirley C. Villette D. The Professor 13. William Wordsworth' s theory of poetry is calling for simple themes drawn from humble life expressed in the language of ordinary people. The preface to the second edition of ______ acts as a manifesto for the new school and sets forth his own critical creed.

A. Lyrical Ballads B. The Prelude C. Poems in Two Volums D. The Excursion 14. George Bernard Shaw' s play ______ established his position as the leading playwright of his time.

A. Widowers’Houses B. Too True to Be Good C. Mrs. Warren' s Profession D. Candida 15. Eliot' s most important single poem ______, has been hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th-century English poetry.

A. The Hollow Men B. The Waste Land C. Prurrock and Other Observations D. Poems 1909-25 4

16. D. H.Lawrence’s autobiographical novel, ______ shows the conflict between the earthy, coarse, energetic but often drunken father and the refined, strong — willed and up — climbing mother.

A. Sons and Lovers B. The White Peacock C. The Trespasser D. The Rainbow 17. “To be, or not to be — that is the question; /Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer./The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,/ Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,/And by opposing end them?” These words are from ______.

A. King Lear B. Romeo C. Antonio D. Hamlet 18. John Milton’s last important work, ______ is the most powerful dramatic poem on the Greek model.

A. Paradise Lost B. Paradise Regained C. Samson Agonistes D. Lydidas 19. The author of Moll Flanders and Captain Singleton is ______. A. John Milton B. Daniel Defoe C. Henry Fielding D. Jonathan Swift 20. Drapier is the pseudonym of ______. A. Jonathan Swift B. Daniel Defoe C. Henry Fielding D. William Blake 21. One of Dickens' later works, ______ in which he presents a criticism of the governmental branches which run an indefinite procedure of management of affairs and keep the innocent in prison for life.

A. Bleak House B. Little Dorrit