21 Faulkner

福克纳讲述的是人的梦想、勇气、 福克纳讲述的是人的梦想、勇气、成功 与最后失败的故事， 与最后失败的故事，表现的是人生内在 的格局或模式。其目的是利用南方的历 的格局或模式。 史谈论过去和今天、 史谈论过去和今天、人与生活的关系等 重大问题。因此，他笔下的美国南方历 重大问题。因此， 史是人类经历的一个缩影。 史是人类经历的一个缩影。
The Southern Renaissance(2)
3. A chang in literature after the Civil War: Since the beginning of the 20th century, some southern writers (Porter, Welty, McCullers, Faulkner) root their works in the south with efforts to reassess the past and the present and do self-searching to achieve universal meaning, which brought forth the Southern Renaissance. The most important figure is William Faulkner.
1. The Corruption of Southern Aristocratic
Yoknapatawpha Saga(3)
3. Historical period: from the civil
War up to the 1920s
4. The subjects matters: (p238)
The Deep South is portrayed in detail. Its people, land, history and tradition are all parts of the general picture. As a result, the saga becomes an allegory of the Old South.
Yoknapatawpha Saga(1)
1. The setting: Yoknapatawpha
county is a fictional name for his native Lafayette County, a place that he took for the setting of 14 of his 19 novels and many short stories. With it as the setting, he created a literary world of his own.
2. One of the Waste Land Painters Eliot, The Waste Land paints a picture of modern social crisis. Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby, the feeling of frustration and despair results from the failure of the American dream Hemingway’s works reveal man’s impotence and his despairing courage. Faulkner rooted his works in the South, concerns the spiritual deterioration in general 3. The Nobel Prize winner in 1950
The Sound and the Fury(3)
The Themes
1. The Corruption of Southern
Aristocratic Values
2. The spiritual deterioration and
loss of innocence and love (p238)
小说的主题是Thomas Sutpen家族的崩 小说的主题是 家族的崩 溃和他本人的毁灭根源于对人性的否定 和践踏。福克纳认为：主人公精力旺盛， 和践踏。福克纳认为：主人公精力旺盛， 却不能实现自己的“宏伟规划” 却不能实现自己的“宏伟规划”，原因 是他在一片受诅咒的土地上做一个时代 错误的梦。 错误的梦。福克纳所着眼的不是对主人 公的道德审判， 公的道德审判，而是侧重从历史悲剧的 大角度， 大角度，审视逆潮流而动的美国南方历 史悲剧。在罪恶的土壤上播种罪恶， 史悲剧。在罪恶的土壤上播种罪恶，自 己与后代所收取的必定是更多的罪恶。 己与后代所收取的必定是更多的罪恶。
2）Modern society as a spiritual ） wasteland (p238)
The spiritual deterioration stems directly from the loss of love and want of emotional response. 福克纳认为，现代人已失去爱和感情， 福克纳认为，现代人已失去爱和感情，失去人 的同情心，生活因而失去了意义， 的同情心，生活因而失去了意义，世界已成为 精神贫乏的虚无之地。 精神贫乏的虚无之地。
Yoknapatawpha Saga (5)
6. Major themes 1）The doom of the south brought by ） the denial of humanity
福克纳认为南方并非真的败于北方， 福克纳认为南方并非真的败于北方，而是毁灭 与其自身的非人性， 与其自身的非人性，根源于对人性的否定和践 特别是对黑人人性的践踏， 踏，特别是对黑人人性的践踏，种族主义和奴 隶制才是旧南方失败和解体的真正根源。 隶制才是旧南方失败和解体的真正根源。
William Faulkner (1897-1. A southern novelist
Southern family Southern setting: 19 novels, 75 short stories, most set in the south Southern subject matters: his knowledge of the life of the American South, with its history, way of life, tradition, language, all became the substance of his creation.
Chapter 15
The Southern Renaissance & William Faulkner
The Southern Renaissance(1)
1. Agricultural South Vs. Industrial North In economy the south remained subordinate to the north 2. A gap in culture and way of thinking Traditional major themes of the southern literature: the aristocratic lifestyle on the plantation; in defense of the slavery; the superiority of the White; a nostalgic feeling to the prosperous past
The Sound and the Fury(2)
Some features of the novel
Four narrators with Benjy the first one Out of chronological order Benjy’s section: April 7, 1928 Quintin’s section: June 2, 1910 Jason’s section: April 6, 1928 Chapter four: April 8, 1928 Stream of Consciousness
Yoknapatawpha Saga(2)
2. Major Works in the Saga
Sartoris 《沙特里斯》 the first novel of his 沙特里斯》
saga
The Sound and the Fury (1929) 喧哗与骚动》 喧哗与骚动》 As I Lay Dying (1930)《在我弥留之际》 在我弥留之际》 Sactuary (1931)《圣殿》 圣殿》 Light in August (1932)《八月之光》 八月之光》 Absalom, Absalom! 《押沙龙，押沙龙！》 押沙龙，押沙龙！ Go Down, Moses (1942)《去吧，摩西》 去吧，摩西》
Family Tree of the Sutpens in Absalom, Absalom!
Thomas Sutpen Eulalia Bon Charles Bon Ellen Goldfield Judith Henry
Charles loves Judith; Henry kills Charles.
Charles Bon →Mistress ↓ Charles Etienne → A negro woman ↓ Jim Bond an idiot, the only heir of the Sutpen’s decaying plantation Theme: Doom brought by the denial of humanity
Yoknapatawpha Saga(4)
5. Overall pattern of the novels Centering on the rise and fall of a number of southern aristocratic families, he writes about the white settlers’ dream, courage, success, doom etc. In the very rise of these family fortunes, Faulkner sees their inevitable fall, for they have displaced the Indians and enslaved the black race, thus putting a curse upon the land.