Sentence structures
原创1：Discovering Useful Structures—Sentence Structu
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简单句 并列句 复合句 并列复合句
Know about the basic composition of a sentence
定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和 次要成分。
主要成分 次要成分
主语和谓语 表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
2. 表语是谓语的部件，而不是 与谓语平级的句子成分。
3. 主系表结构实际上是主谓结 构，没有所谓的主谓表结构。
7. Our duty is to make our environment better.
不定式
Discover what make up the composition of a sentence
Welcome Unit
Discovering Useful Structures
Sentence Structures
Teaching objectives and aims
1. To review the structure of simple sentences.
2. To learn about the composition of sentences.
间接宾语 直接宾 语
2. Mother made Mary a new coat.
温馨提示 直接宾语和间接宾 语不能按宾语离动 词的远近来判别。
间接宾语 直接宾 语
Discover what make up the composition of a sentence
(predicative) 表语:说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态
写作2—Sentence structures
Introduction General features of EST
1 Impersonal 2 Formal in mode of speech 3 Objective and Accurate in Statement 4 Standard in Language 5 Unadorned in stylistics 6 Strict in Logic 7 Concentrated in Technical Terms
Sentence structures of SET
董亚茹 李玉寒 刘书婷 汪胡芳 刘琼云 李进
Content
• 1.Introduction • 2.Syntactic features • 3.Syntactic structures
Introduction EST:
English for science and technology (EST) is a branch of English for special purposes, it is a kind of style that the scientific workers formed gradually in the process of transfer of science and technology information in English .
Syntactic features- The non-finite verbs The non-finite verbs A non-finite verb (also known as a verbal) is the term used to describe a verb that is not showing tense.
sentence structure 句子结构
什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。
在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。
句子成分由词或词组充当。
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。
2. The dinner smells good. 午餐的气味很好。
3.The sun was shining. 太阳在照耀着。
4.The moon rose. 月亮升起了。
5. They painted the door green. 他们把门漆成绿色6. This set them thinking. 这使得他们要细想一想7.He brought you a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。
8.He denies her nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。
9.I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。
10. He admits that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误。
Tom is a handsome boy.(handsome修饰名词boy)/Tom是个英俊的男孩。
Tom is a boy who is handsome.1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. whatD. in which2.Do you know the man _______?A. whom I spokeB. to who spokeC. I spoke toD. that Ispoke3.This is the hotel _______last month.A. which they stayedB. at that they stayedC. where they stayed atD. where they stayed4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. whichB. thatC. whenD.on which5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A. whichB. on whichC. in whichD. when6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in which7.Great changes have takenplace since then in the factory _______we are working.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. there8.This is one of the best films _______.A. that have been shown this yearB. that have shownC. that has been shown this yearD. that you talked9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?A. about which you talkedB. which you talkedC. about that you talkedD. that you talked10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A. with whichB. in whichC. on whichD. by which11.They arrived at afarmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. that12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whomB. on whomC. with whichD. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?A. whoB. who'sC. whichD. whose14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A. all thatB. all whatC. thatD. which15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. as16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. as17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A. thatB. asC. whomD. what18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went withB. withwhom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read.A. the novelsB. the such novelsC. such novelsD. same novels]20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD.what21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A. themB. whichC. whomD. who23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A. who;/B./; whomC. whom;/D./; who24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A. whose titleB. its titleC. the title of itD. the title of thatst summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A. for whichB. for thatC. in whichD. what26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A. thatB. whichC. asD. it27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A. when; whichB. which; whenC. what; thatD. on which; when28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A. whichB. whoseC. whatD./29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A. in whichB. with whichC. thatD. for which30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have lookedB. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked afterD. I have looked after31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A. why; thatB.that;whyC. for that;thatD.for which;what32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.thatB.whichC.for whichD.who33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./B.whichC.for whichD.with which34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A. all of whichB. either of whichC. both of thatD. both of which35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A. as wasB. which wasC. as wereD. which36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. it。
SentenceStructure五种基本句型讲解
总结：
这种句型中的动词大多是不__及__物__动__词____动词， 这种动词后不可以_直__接__接__宾__语___。常见的动词 如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。
二、句型2：Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系 动词) ＋ Predicate(表语) 这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。 其系动词一般可分为下列两类： (1)表示状态。这样的词有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep，feel等。如：
5) I don’t know what I should do next.
总结：
这种句型中的动词一般为__及__物____动词,
这种动词后可以_直__接__加___宾__语__，其宾语
名词、代词、动词不 通常由定___式__、__动__名___词__或__从__句___等来充当。
四、句型4： Subject(主语)＋Verb(谓语) ＋ Indirect object(间接宾语)＋Direct object (直接宾语)
三、句型3：Subject(主语) ＋ Verb (谓 语) ＋ Object (宾语) 例：
1) He took his bag and left.
2) Li Lei always helps me .
3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.
4) I like running.
Sentence Structure 句型结构
英语中的五种基本句型结构
一、句型1： Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语) 如： 1) Li Ming works very hard.
八种句子结构英语
八种句子结构英语The Diversity of Sentence Structures in EnglishIn the rich and versatile language of English, sentence structures play a crucial role in conveying ideas and thoughts. They not only determine the flow and organization of a text but also add variety and emphasis to the language. One of the most fascinating aspects of English grammar is the eight different types of sentence structures, each serving a unique purpose and adding depth to the language.The first type of sentence structure is the Simple Sentence, which consists of a single independent clause. It is the most basic form of a sentence, expressing a complete thought with a subject and a verb. For example, "The cat sat on the mat." This sentence is direct and concise, communicating a simple action without any complexity.The next type is the Compound Sentence, which combines two or more independent clauses linked by coordinating conjunctions like "and," "but," "or," etc. This structure allows for the expression of two related thoughts in a single sentence. For instance, "I enjoy reading books, but I prefer watching movies." This sentence expresses both a liking for reading and a preference for watching movies, showing a contrast between the two.The Complex Sentence, on the other hand, contains an independent clause along with one or more dependent clauses. Dependent clauses cannot stand alone as complete sentences but depend on the independent clause for meaning. For example, "When I was young, I used to play soccer every day." The dependent clause "when I was young" provides additional information about the time period when the action in the independent clause occurred. The Compound-Complex Sentence is the most complex of the eight structures, combining both independent and dependent clauses. It allows for the expression of multiple related thoughts with additional information provided by dependent clauses. For instance, "Although I enjoy reading books, I find that watching movies is a more relaxing activity after a long day at work." This sentence combines two related thoughts, with the dependent clause "after a long day at work" providing additional context to the independent clause.Apart from these four basic structures, there are four more variations that add further diversity to English sentence structures. TheDeclarative Sentenceis used for making statements or expressing facts. For instance, "The cat is sleeping on the couch." This sentence declares a fact about the cat's current state.TheImperative Sentenceis used to give commands or make requests. It typically begins with a verb in the base form and does not have a subject. For example, "Close the door, please." This sentence commands the listener to perform an action.TheInterrogative Sentenceis used to ask questions. It starts with a question word like "who," "what," "when," etc., and expects an answer. For instance, "When will you finish your work?" This sentence asks for a specific piece of information.Finally, theExclamative Sentenceis used to express strong emotions or reactions. It often begins with words like "how," "what," or "however" and is marked by exclamation marks. For example, "How beautiful the flowers are!" This sentence expresses the speaker's amazement and admiration.In conclusion, the diversity of sentence structures in English enables speakers to communicate effectively in various situations and contexts. The eight sentence structures, each with its unique purpose and function, contribute to the richness and expressiveness of the English language, making it a powerful tool for communication and expression.。
Sentence Structure 五种基本句型
They built a house last year． 他们去年建了一所房子。 They‘ve put up a factory in the village． 他们在村里建了一座工厂。 They have taken good care of the children． 这些孩子他们照看得很好。 You should look after your children well． 你应该好好照看你的孩子。
1) The story sounds interesting. 2) He looked worried just now.
(2)表示变化。
这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。如：
1) You have grown taller than before. 2) He has suddenly fallen ill.
五个基本句式详细解释如下： 1．S十V句式 在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动 词(vi．)。
He runs quickly． 他跑得快。 They listened carefully． 他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger． 他挨冻受饿。 China belongs to the third world country． 中国属于第三世界国家。 The gas has given out． 煤气用完了。 My ink has run out． 我的钢笔水用完了。
They grow rice in their home town． 他们在家乡种水稻。 He‘s got a chair to sit on． 他有椅子坐。 Please turn the sentence into English． 请把这个句于泽成英语。
sentence structures (or sentence types)_英语的几种基本句型
Even though Bob is ugly, he is popular.
Clause 1 Clause 2
Dependent
Independent
Examples of complex sentences
If the paperwork arrives on time, your cheque will be mailed on Tuesday. After she had learned to drive, Alice felt more independent. Gerald had to begun his thesis over again when his computer crashed. I wondered whether the homework was necessary (or not).
COMPOUND SENTENCE:
SEMICOLON
Matt has benefited from his exercise program; he is slim and energetic.
Complex Sentence 复合从句
SUBJECT
even though
PREDICATE
SUBJECT
Tom and Mary
play tennis.
Compound Subject
&
Simple Sentence
Tom and Mary
play tennis and swim.
Compound Subject &
Compound Predicate &
SIMPLE SENTENCE with compound subject
Sentence Structures 句子结构(精选)
合句
- Complex Sentence复杂句
The Simple Sentence
A simple sentence has one independent clause独立句子 (one subject and a verb): I live in San Francisco.
Subject Verb
Time
More Examples:
It rained, therefore the game was called off. She is a nice lady, indeed she is the most popular one.
How about your sentences?
Using a Semicolon
Examples:
What she did is not yet know. He told us that he felt ill. The question is whether they will help us. The student who answered the question was John. The sun was out again when I rode up to the farm. Where did you get the news that I could not com?
More Examples:
Day broke. Things change. He died young. Robbie didn’t deny the facts. Kathy paid me a visit. I found this book easy.
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2013—2014学年度第一学期高一英语导学案 编号：02 班级： 姓名： 学习小组： 层级编码： 组内评价： 教师评价： 【高中英语高分句型】Rome was not built in a day .(冰冻三尺，非一日之寒)
主备人：荣曼 审核： 学科主任： 年级主任： 使用时间：2013.9
Sentence structures
【Learning aims 】
1. Knowledge and ability ：Get a knowledge of sentence structures and use them in English correctly (了解句子结构并能在学习中正确使用).
2. Courses and methods: Experience sentence structure by analyzing sentences cooperating and discussing(通过分析句子，合作讨论，体会句子结构).
3. Emotion and attitude ：Distinguish the compositions of each sentence and form a good and right habit of analyzing sentences, and finally set up a kind of firm confidence of learning English well(辨别句子成分并且养成良好而且正确的分析句子的习惯，最终建立一种把英语学好的信念). 【Important and Difficult points 】 Learn to analyze sentences. 【Instructions 】
1. Refer to your grammar book(参考语法书).
2. Mark what you can ’t do by yourself with your red pen(用红笔标出你无法独立完成的部分). 【Self-study 】
When we refer to a sentence, it always includes the following parts: subject (主语), predicate(谓语)，object(宾语)，complement (补语)，predicative(表语) and some others. I think all of you have a strong desire of learning English well. If so, getting to know sentence structures is very important and necessary.(当我们谈到一个句子的时候，它通常包括主语，谓语，宾语，补语，表语及其它的句子成分。
我想大家都有一种强烈的把英语学好的欲望。
要是这样的话，了解句子结构就是十分重要而且必要的。
)
Study the following sentences, and try your best to definite the following nouns ：subject ，predicate ，object ，complement ，predicative.（研究下列句子并试着给下列名词定义：主语，谓语，宾语，补语，表语）
1. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west . “The sun ”是这句话的主语。
那么，什么是主语？ 主语是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象。
2. He got up at 8 this morning, so he must have come late for school. “got up ”和“must have com e ”谓语，请写出什么是谓语？ 谓语
3. My grandfather doesn't know English .
4. My mother is always busy with housework .
“English ”是 “know ”的宾语，“housework ”是 “with ”的宾语, 能说出什么是宾语吗? 宾语 5. I made my father angry.
“angry ”是“my father ”的补语。
那么，补语是什么呢？ 补语
6. Mr. Wang is a strong man .
“a strong man ”是表语。
请说出表语应该怎么定义。
表语 【Exploring study 】
We have known the main compositions of sentences （句子成分）. It ’s necessary to check what you have learnt. Analyze the following sentences. Mark the subject 、predicate 、object 、complement and predicative.我们已经了解了主要的句子成分，有必要检测你们学到了什么。
分析下列句子。
标注出句子的主语(S ）、谓语(V)、宾语(O)、宾语补足语(OC)和表语(P)。
7. John left. S V
8. Our teacher came in.
9. All of us can learn English well.
10. Thomas received a letter.
11. He told us the whole process.
12. Lily gave me a birthday present.
13. We elected Alice monitor.
14. The teacher found George intelligent.
15. Mr Zhang is an experienced and devoted teacher.
16. China will become stronger and stronger.
Now, you can make a summary. There are five basic sentence structures. Think and conclude what they are. （现在请总结。
总共有五种基本句型。
思考并写出它们。
）
句型1 句型2 句型3
句型4 句型5 【Improving study 】
Make sentences of our own according to the basic rules.。