惠州市2018届高三第一次调研考试(英语)

惠州市2018届高三第一次调研考试英语本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。

满分120分（最终成绩按总分135分进行折算），考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置。

3. 全部答案应在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。

4. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第I卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AArtificial intelligence, or AI, has been applied in a wide range of fields to perform specific tasks, including education, finance, heavy industry, transportation, and so on.EducationThere are a number of companies that create robots to teach subjects to children ranging from biology to computer science, though such tools have not become widespread yet. Advancements in natural language processing, combined with machine learning, have also enabled automatic grading of assignments. AI has also led to an explosion in popularity of MOOCs, or Massive Open Online Courses, which allows students from around the world to take classes online.FinanceUse of AI in banking can be tracked back to 1987. Banks use artificial intelligence systems to organize operations, maintain book-keeping, invest in stocks, and manage properties. Also, systems are being developed, like Arria, to translate complex data into simple and personable language. There are also wallets, like Wallet AI, which monitor an individual's spending habits and provides ways to improve them.Heavy industryRobots have become common in many industries and are often given jobs that are considered dangerous to humans. Robots have proven effective in jobs that are very repetitive which may lead to mistakes or accidents due to failure in concentration and other jobs which humans may find degrading.TransportationToday's cars can have AI-based driver assist features such as self-parking and advanced cruise controls. AI in transportation is expected to provide safe, efficient, and reliable transportation while minimizing the impact on the environment and communities.Toys and gamesCompanies like Mattel have been creating AI-enabled toys for kids as young as age three. Using proprietary AI engines and speech recognition tools, they are able to understand conversations, give intelligent responses and learn quickly. AI has also been applied to video games, for example video game bots, which are designed to stand in as opponents where humans aren't available or desired.21. Which is true about AI and education?A.Robots have been widely used to teach children.B.AI has been used to grade students’ homework.C.AI has enabled more students to receive education at school.cation was the first field where AI was used.22. Which can be inferred from the passage?A. Arria can help people understand complex data.B. Wallet AI can help people make more money.C. Robots’ jobs are considered dangerous to humans.D. Robots can help people concentrate.23. From the last two paragraphs we can know that___ ___.A. Today’s drivers needn’t learn to park their carsB. AI ensures safe, efficient, and reliable transportationC. AI-enabled toys is designed to improve kids’ intelligenceD. Video game bots can fight against you in video games24. What is the passage mainly about ?A. The latest progress in AI.B. AI is of great use.C. Some applications of AI.D. AI is used in all fields.BWhen I was a boy we used to live across the road from a big hill with huge oak trees growing out of it. When winter arrived, thick, heavy snow would fall, and my two brothers would grab their sleds heading over to the hill for a day of fun. I remember watching them with envy because I was still too small to go sledding. Finally, one winter I was considered big enough and joined my brothers as they carried their sleds up the long hill and prepared to ride down it.The first few trips I rode with one of my brothers and had the time of my life. It was so exhilarating when the wind whipped across my face as I flew down the hillside on the wooden sled. Near the end of the day I was overjoyed too when my oldest brother decided to let me try riding the sled all by myself. I climbed on it full of excitement and lay on my stomach. Then with one big push my brother sent me down the snowy hillside. I was doing pretty well too until I hit an old stump hidden by the snow and went off course, straight towards one of those big oak trees. My heart pounded in my chest and I could hear myself screaming. At the last possible second I rolled off and the sled crashed into the tree. I could hear my brothers running down the hill yelling, “You have to steer（操控）! You have to steer!”Sadly, that wasn’t the last time I failed to steer when some obstacle knocked me off course in my life. Many times problems, troubles, and my own failures have sent me crashing into the treesof anger, frustration, and despair. I am still learning that life isn’t always safe sledding. I am still learning that it is up to me to steer myself back to love, back to kindness, back to goodness, and back to God.Life is a trip, but no one ever said it was a smooth ride. Steer well then. Steer straight. Steer your soul towards the light and the love we are all meant for.25. What do we know about the author when he was very young?A. He lived on a big hill with huge oak trees on it.B. He was frightened to go sledding with his brothers.C. He longed to go sledding with his brothers.D. He carried his brothers’ sleds as they went sledding.26. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “exhilarating” in Paragraph 2?A. delightfulB. TerrifyingC. ordinaryD. violent27. Why did the author fall off his sled?A. Because his sled crashed in an oak tree.B. Because he lost control of his sled.C. Because his brother pushed it so hard.D. Because the hillside was snowy.28. What does the author mean to tell us?A. Losing control of a sled can be dangerous.B. Courage and determination can change one’s life.C. Life can be controlled by one himself.D. Life is a mystery full of coincidences.CThe popular TV program Readers has prompted more people in China to practice reading aloud in booths(亭) set up in big cities across the country.As the latest TV show to help people's love for literature recover, CCTV program Readers invites people from all walks of life to read aloud their favorite poems, essays and books, or even personal letters they wrote to their loved ones. Just as the weekly show has been well-received, its reading booths, equipped with professional recording devices and cameras, have become instant hits.A crowd of more than 200 people were pictured lining up outside the Shanghai Library at 11 am on March 4 – the first day of the booth's opening to the public in Shanghai. The deadline for registrations was brought forward to 2 pm instead of the scheduled 5:30 pm, as the number of waiting readers continued to grow. Some waited more than nine hours for a try-out in the booth, according to library management."There is an old photo in the late 1970s capturing people lining up outside the Shanghai Library before it opens. If that was a spring of reading in Shanghai, now I think another spring has arrived again," library manager Zhou Deming, told the Shanghai-based The Paper.The reading booth is the only one of its kind in the city of economic center at the moment, but more are expected to be put into use in the coming months, according to the library's website.The Readers program has also led to booths in other cities including Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Xi'an to appeal to more people to read and share their life stories.With the recent boom of culture-themed TV shows such as Readers and Chinese Poetry Competition, some are optimistic that this will help the country love literature and reading again in general.29. CCTV program Readers aims to________.A. teach people what to readB. attract people’s attention to CCTVC. invite people to read aloud in the boothD. arouse people’s fresh enthusiasm for reading30. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that ________.A. Some people waited for a long time to read in the boothB. March 4 was the first day of the opening of Shanghai LibraryC. On March 4, 200 people read in the boothD. The time for registrations was lengthened for three and a half hours31. The passage mainly tells us that ________.A. Many people line up to read aloud in reading boothsB. More reading booths will be set up in the futureC. Readers has become popular all over ChinaD. Readers has inspired more people to read aloud in reading boothsDFollowing the crowd may not always be in a person’s best interest. But new research suggests that teens who go along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health. That’s true for both teens and adults. The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just 13. They interviewed each one every year for five years, and also spoke to these teens’ closest friends, who provide d additional information about the quality of their friendships. The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each person’s overall health. When the researchers analyzed the data they found a strong co nnection between a teen’s behavior and adult health. Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to a close friends also influenced later health. Those who held back were more likely to be sick as adults. The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health. Weight, family income and drug use were all examined. So were mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression. And in these people, such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.Going along with the crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks. Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work. And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as smoking, drinking or using drugs. Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge, Allen acknowledges. “Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldn’tlose heart for not finding this easy.” And,he adds, “Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”32. Where can you probably read this passage?A. Science fictionB. Health columnC. Fashion magazineD. Entertainment newspaper33. We can learn from Al len’s study that ________.A. many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendshipsB. mental health issues have nothing to do with adult healthC. the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27D. t he teens who couldn’t express themselves grew up to be unhealthier34. According to what Allen said, we can know that ________.A. in order to do better at school, teens should not follow the crowdB. though it’s challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure, they should not give upC. teens will engage in smoking, drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressureD. parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends35. What can be inferred from the passage?A. There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.B. Close friendships are the most important for people’s health.C. Teen friendships may turn out healthier adults.D. Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。