管理研究方法论期末考试复习题版
管理原理期末考试复习题

管理原理期末考试复习题一、选择题1. 管理的基本职能包括哪些?A. 计划、组织、领导、控制B. 计划、协调、领导、控制C. 计划、组织、协调、领导D. 计划、组织、领导、执行2. 泰勒的科学管理理论主要强调什么?A. 员工的自我激励B. 工作流程的科学化C. 组织结构的合理化D. 员工参与决策3. 马斯洛的需求层次理论中,最高层次的需求是?A. 安全需求B. 社交需求C. 自我实现需求D. 生理需求4. 以下哪项不是有效的沟通原则?A. 明确沟通目的B. 保持信息的简洁性C. 避免使用专业术语D. 信息的及时反馈5. 决策理论中,西蒙提出的“有限理性”概念指的是什么?A. 决策者总是理性的B. 决策者在决策时受到信息和认知能力的限制C. 决策者总是寻求最优解D. 决策者总是寻求满意解二、简答题1. 解释什么是管理,并简述管理的四个基本职能。
2. 描述泰勒的科学管理理论,并举例说明其在现代管理实践中的应用。
3. 简述马斯洛的需求层次理论,并解释如何将其应用于员工激励。
4. 阐述有效沟通的重要性,并列举至少三个有效沟通的原则。
5. 解释西蒙的“有限理性”概念,并讨论其对现代管理决策的影响。
三、论述题1. 论述管理中的领导与激励理论,并结合实际案例分析如何提高员工的工作动力。
2. 讨论组织变革的重要性,并分析在组织变革过程中可能遇到的挑战及应对策略。
3. 论述控制过程在管理中的作用,并举例说明如何通过控制来提高组织效率。
四、案例分析题阅读以下案例,并回答问题:案例:某公司近期进行了一项重大的组织结构调整,导致员工士气低落,工作效率下降。
作为该公司的管理者,你将如何运用管理原理来解决这个问题?参考答案:1. 管理是组织和协调资源以实现组织目标的过程。
管理的四个基本职能包括计划、组织、领导和控制。
2. 泰勒的科学管理理论强调通过科学方法来提高工作效率,包括工作分析、标准化和激励机制等。
在现代管理实践中,许多公司通过工作流程优化和员工绩效评估来提高效率。
管理研究方法复习题

对立假设:表达两变量之间关系或两组群之间差异的陈述,不代表研 究者凭观测或推理对研究结果的某种预期。
5、 概念、名词、术语、定义、变量、命题、假设、理论、推理、 分类的含义
概念:是思维的基本形式之一,反映客观事物的一般的、本质的特征。 内涵和外延是概念所具有的逻辑特征。 名词: 术语:一个领域概念的名词。术语只应包含具有明确语义范围的实体, 即有逻辑意义,在选定词义时,应选择色彩上属中性的、不含主观评价 成分,也不宜有附加意义、象征意义和情感色彩。 定义:概念型定义:使用其他概念或原始术语、延伸术语来描述一种概 念的定义。
管理研究设计: 1、 管理研究中的五种分析单位:PPT P22
(1)个人(2)群体(3)组织:指具有共同目标和正式分工的群体, 象企业、医院、学校、政府机构等 (4)项目(5)社会(人工)产品(social artifact)指人们生产的各种 有形和无形的产品
2、 比较横剖研究和纵贯研究的含义和特点(优缺点):PPT P2629
料来自精确测定的数字;理论是因果的、演绎的;程序是标准的、可复 制的;研究是由统计、图、表来完成。
2、 管理研究的过程:PPT P29 ①选择主题:理论准备、资料准备 ②把主题提炼成研究问题:阅读文献、聚焦在有限变量上、说明变量关 系 ③研究设计 ④收集资料:确定资料类别、选择方法与途径: ⑤分析资料:选择方法、检验假设 ⑥诠释结果:解释结果、提出建议 ⑦发表结果:写出报告或论文、出版或发表
《管理研究方法》复习题 1、 管理研究的类型:PPT P24-27 1.按研究层次分类:微观层次、宏观层次和中观层次 微观:研究的是个体,如员工、企业、设备,内容具体。在管理学微 观包括两方面,一是企业组织内部的各部分功能、关系及本组织与外部 组织之间关系的研究。二是组织内部个人和群体的行为、人际关系及其 与外部环境的相互作用。 宏观:关心的是较大型的群体,如经济制度(涉及到所有企业)、社 会文化等。宏观层次的管理研究也包括两个内容,一是政府管理,二是 将企业放在社会整体中进行研究,从经济、技术发展和文化传统等角度 来研究企业组织发展和管理者行为等问题。 中观:理论比较少见,连接宏观与微观理论,或研究一些中间层面的 问题(如地区经济)。 2.按功能分类:基础研究和应用研究 基础:以增进我们对社会世界的根本了解为目的的研究,它的重点在 于支持或摒弃管理科学的理论,而不强调现实世界中政策和管理的问题 的应用。 应用:以把实际研究成果应用到具体情况上为目的,其结果常常被用 来解决现实问题。 3. 按研究目的分类:描述性研究、解释性研究和探索性研究 描述性:反映某状态、背景、行动或关系的细节,将现象和事件识别 清楚,回答who,what,where的问题。 解释性:解释事物发生的原因,探索现象与事件之间的关联,回答 why的问题。 探索性:对某议题提出初步的认识,对某一未知领域进行探索,回答 should be的问题(对策等应然问题)。
管理研究方法论期末考试复习题版

管理研究方法论一,简答题1,实证论文结构是什么?为什么是这样的结构实证论文的结构是:1,摘要:摘要是对已完成的论文的精要摘写,讲做了什么。
论文研究的是什么,有什么结论需要分条列示,由结论引出的启发是什么2,引言:首先,说明在该方面各位学者的研究进度,所持的观点,阐述自己为什么要研究,其次,说明研究中采用的方法;再次,分条列示研究的结果,结论以及结果是否验证了假设;最后,说明自己的贡献。
3,文献回顾:是对相关文献的陈述述与评价;对相关且重要的文献准确阐述学者的观点,可以稍作评价,但要中性客观。
4,研究设计,理论推导与研究模型构建5,样本选择与变量定义,6,实证分析与结果(描述性统计,相关系数分析,回归结果7,敏感性检验,8,结论引言与摘要的区别:引言是讲打算做什么,为什么;摘要是对已完成的论文的精要摘写,讲做了什么。
2,事件研究的概念事件研究是利用统计学的方法,在某一或某些事件窗口内某一事件发生对公司股价的波动的影响。
步骤:1.决定研究假说,一般假设事件对股价没有显着地影响;2.事件日的确定,通常以宣布日为事件日3.利用历史数据得到市场的收益率与公司收益率之间的固定关系,如果考察的时间窗口内的收益率不满足已经得出的方程,则说明事件对股价有显着影响,4,异常报酬率的检定 5,分析结果3,引言结构之间的逻辑关系是怎样的,研究假设的提出与理论分析的关系是怎样的,4,背诵几个中英文数据库和期刊的名字5,中英文参考文献的引用,背诵几个6,第二篇论文的交叉变量的使用原因交叉变量的使用原因:在列联分析中,除了考察控制变量对因变量的影响外,还应该考察控制变量之间协同作用时对因变量的影响,尤其是当各控制变量之间的协方差不为0时。
7,含有会计、财务、经济、金融的英文期刊数据库(哪个期刊在哪个数据库里)二,经典论文的阅读1,琼斯模型(盈余管理的测度)基本思想?答题步骤:在琼斯之前学者们假设非操纵性应急利润是不变的,但是琼斯大胆提出了利用时间序列模型衡量每期非操纵性应计利润。
管理研究方法论试卷

湖南大学研究生课程考试命题专用纸考试科目:高级管理研究方法论课程考试专业年级:2011级考试形式:开考试时间:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………一.从给定的11篇英文文献中选择一篇认真阅读,并从论文选题、研究设计等方面加以评述;要求用英文撰写,3000单词以上(A4纸)。
时间:2012年2月17日上午提交姓名:曾峻学号:B11140022导师:伍中信研究方向:工商管理On Successful Research------A Review of “Informed Trading and the Market Reaction to Accounting Restatements”In this paper I review the “Informed Trading and the Market Reaction to Accounting Restatements”, its authors are Brad A. Badertscher, S. Paul Hribar and Nicole Thorne Jenkins, published at the Accounting Review on May 2011. The objective of my review is to investigate how to seeking a successful accounting research. But what research is successful research? I think,firstly,the successful research must be a specification research. So my review comes from five aspects: how to find a researchable question; how to convert the question to research hypothesis; how to define variables and build model; how to select samples; and how to test hypothesis and interpret the results.1 How to find a researchable questionAll doctoral students confront the question “How do I find a researchable question?” I believe reading literatures and deepen research is a useful knack. A doctoral students should read a certain number of literatures firstly, just as Newton saying:“standing on the shoulders of giants.”However, the former researches may not always perfect and there is room to improvement. Changing the background of the research, for example, whether the result of research in USA is as same as in China? Or we find an important problem that had been ignored by all other researchers. If there is no research before, it’s a good researchable question.For example, there is considerable research on the stock market reaction to accounting restatements. Most of these literatures examined the correlation between accounting restatement features and the magnitude of the stock price reaction. Palmrose et al. (2004) and Hribar and Jenkins(2004) found large negative market reaction to accounting restatements that averaging a loss in market value of approximately 10 percent for all restatements. The negative reaction is because of accounting restatement cause investors to reduce expect of future cash flows (numerator effect), or increase the firm’s cost of capital (denominator effect). However, the authors observed that there were many stock transactions such as equity issuances or repurchases, and insiders such as managers selling or buying stock prior to the accounting restatements. The literatures on informed trading suggested that it is an important source of information transfer that allows investors to better price corporate events where there is significant information asymmetry. Then, whether the informed trading before accounting restatements allows investors to better price the restatements? It’s an important issue, but nobody pay attention to this point. It’s a researchable question and theauthors found it.Form above, we can see that a researcher ought to keep “combine theory with practice” in mind when he/she tries to find a research topic. From former research findings, there were large negative market reactions to accounting restatements. Contact practice, the authors found individual and corporate use the information superiority, sell or buy stock before accounting restatements. Then, whether market use the prior informed trading to price the restatement is the problem that we want to know.2 How to convert the question to research hypothesisA question many not worth researching, because it cannot be falsification, in other words, it’s not a science question. If cannot be convert the question to research hypothesis, the science research will become a subjective behavior.To study the affect of informed trading to the market reaction of accounting restatements, the authors divided informed trading into four types: insiders selling; insiders buying; corporate equity issuances and corporate equity repurchases. In general, accounting restatements causes negative market reaction, but this paper believe informed trading may affect the negative reaction, hence the authors define the affection as less negative market reaction and more negative market reaction, and use abnormal returns as proxy of market reaction. If insiders buy stock or corporate repurchases prior to accounting restatement, the restatement could be viewed as being less serious or egregious than would otherwise be the case. In contrast, if insiders sell the stock or corporate issuance new equity prior to accounting restatement, the restatement could be viewed as being more serious. Thus, the authors convert the question “whether market use the prior informed trading to price the restatement”into hypotheses that: insider buying or stock repurchases prior to a restatement announcement will lead to less negative abnormal returns in response to an accounting restatement, and insider selling or stock issuances will leads to more negative abnormal returns.However, the authors didn’t propose hypotheses such as the differences in corporate and personal trading cause the differences in the magnitude of the reaction. Because it is difficult to objectively rank the effects of the different types of informed trading on the market reaction. They also don’t attempt to disentangle the market’s reaction into the numerator and denominator effect, because they believe it is almost impossible to distinguish the differences. Draw to conclusion, the key of converting the question to research hypothesis is concrete the problem.According to the hypothesis, if managers knowing about the impending restatement and making advance trade based on the expected market response, then we should observe a significant association between the non-disclosed trades and the market reaction on the restatement date. In other words, if there is no informed trade or the informed trade not be disclosed, the market reactionon the restatement should be much strong. For this reasoning, the second hypothesis of this paper is insider buying and stock repurchase (insider selling and stock issuances) that has been disclosed by the date of the restatement announcement will lead to less (more) negative abnormal returns than that have not yet been disclosed.3 How to define variables and build model3.1 define variablesThe dependent variable is cumulative abnormal return (CAR). It is so often used to proxy market reaction that the authors have not given a clear formula. The paper primary tests measures of insider trading and stock repurchases and issuances. They use a net measure of insider trading (NIT), calculated as follows:(,2)(,2)(,2)(,2)(,2)t d t t d t t d t t d t t d t PURCHASED SOLD NIT PURCHASED SOLD -----------=+Where PURCHASED (SOLD) is the number of shares purchased (sold) by insiders. A positive NIT indicates net insider buying, while a negative number indicates net insider selling. The subscript t is the restatement date and d is the number of misstatement days.The measure of stock issuances and repurchases also use net corporate trading (NCT), calculated as follows:(,2)2__t d t t d t NCT lnADJ SHR lnADJ SHR ----=-Where ADJ_SHR is the number of adjusted shares outstanding on the first day the firm was deemed to have engaged in accounting misstatement. A negative NCT implies the firm is issuing shares, while a positive number implies that the firm is repurchasing shares. The reason of calculated logarithm of ADJ_SHR is it not in the same levels of magnitude whit other index ’.It is clear that in addition to informed trading, there are many other factors affect the market ’s reaction to restatements. These factors were divided into four types: (1) Prompter of the restatement. There are three prompters: company, auditor and SEC. (2) Severity of the restatement such as whether the restatement impact the core operation revenue, the total amount of earning management.(3) Firm characteristics such as cash flow from operations, size, and prior return. (4) Forward-looking information such as subsequent litigation, CEO or CFO turnover, SEC enforcement actions and whether the restatement is due to fraud. These control variables derived from literatures, former related empirical studies found these factors affecting the market ’s reaction to restatements.3.2 build modelA good model presents a minimal representation of a complex problem. Good models start from a set of hypothesis, which are descriptive of the research question. For this reason, a goodmodel contains only the necessary assumptions for the research question and nothing outside the problem. It is important that it is demonstrated that the model captures the problem and it is also important that the insight obtained from the analysis are interpreted in the original question. This is For example, to test the hypothesis that information trading impact the price of accounting restatements, this paper builds a regression model:012(2,2)()()()()CAR NCT NIT f prompter f controls f severity f forward looking αααε-=++++++-+ If informed trading differentially affects the market ’s price formation around restatementannouncements as hypothesis predicted, then 1αand 2α should be significantly positive. To test the second hypothesis, which is the disclosed information trading lead to less negative abnormal returns than that have not yet been disclosed, the authors separate insider and corporate trades into those that have been disclosed by the restatements date and those that have not. Disclosed trades are labeled NCT_DIS and NIT_DIS, whereas those that were not disclosed until after the restatement announcement are labeled NCT-NONDISC and NIT_NONDISC.4 How to select samplesThe authors selected samples strictly, just as the saying goes “No data, no research ”, high quality samples are critical for successful research. Because the aim of this paper is examining the role of informed trading on restatements that raise questions about the quality of financial statement and not on restatements that reflect unimportant accounting errors, the authors limited sample to the most egregious restatements. And only use those observations for which the restatement is described as an accounting irregularity. To ensure the quality of samples, they obtain samples from three different sources (which we envy the perfect database). The authors start with all accounting irregularities from 1997 to 2008, and then eliminate some data default samples, such as missing basic data in database; missing insider trading data. At last, they obtain 541 restatement firms. According to the type of account or transaction giving rise to the restatement, samples are classified into nine categories: revenue recognition; cost or expense; mergers and acquisitions; in-process R&D; reclassification; related-party transactions; restructuring; securities-related; and other. In which, revenue recognition is the most common reason, representing 53.9 percent of the restatements.According to my own experience, sample selection is a time-consuming job. The most empirical research in accounting and finance of USA mainly based on COMPUSTAT, CRSP, I/B/E/S database. Domestic scholars are hard to touch. But at present, China is lack of high level research database (commonly used databases such as: CSMAR, CCER, WIND etc.), because database developers are still in the early stage of the competition, this process is not complete.5 How to test hypothesis and interpret the resultsAfter the identification of question and hypothesis, variable design and sample selection, the authors begin to demonstrate the proposed theme. Firstly, this paper presents descriptive evidence on the price reaction to accounting restatements. They chart the CAR from 60 trading days prior to the restatement announcement to 180 trading days after the restatement announcement for each of the four different types of informed trading: REPUR, ISSUE, BUYER, and SELLER. Prior to the restatement announcement,all four types appear to have similar return patterns. However, in the short window around the restatement announcement, the REPUR and BUYER firms experience substantially less negative returns than those of ISSUE and SELLER firms. Additionally, the stock price of the REPUR and BUYER firms fully recover in the weeks after the restatement announcement, but the stock price of the ISSUE and SELLER firms still experience downward drift. The slopes of the four curves start level off after approximately 40 to 50 trading days following the restatement announcement. Overall, the results provide preliminary evidence of different market reactions to accounting restatements when there is prior informed trading.Secondly, this paper was engaged in univariate analysis. The paper examine two separate trading window, a five-day window (-2 to 2) to exam the prior informed trading affect the stock price at the time of the restatement announcement, and a long-window (3 to 60) to better understand if there is a delayed response to the informed trading signals. To examine the individual and joint effect of each signal on the price formation process following a restatement announcement, they partition the samples both net equity transactions and net insider trading transactions and examine the CAR over the (-2, 2) and (3, 60) windows. For the individual signal, the market response is significantly more negative for issuing firms than for repurchasing firms in both windows. Insider trading follows a same pattern. For the joint signal, the paper found that reduction of CAR of firms that both equity repurchases and insider buy prior restatement is much less than that of firms that equity issue and insider sell prior restatement.To further analysis the informed trading reduces the uncertainty associated with restatements, the authors constructed a match samples for comparative study. The match sample is matched on industry, year and both types of informed trading, but no accounting restatement. The result of the univariate analysis to the match sample shows that: both the individual effects and the joint effects, the difference in match sample are smaller in magnitude and significance than the results for the restatement firms. Overall, the findings of univariate analysis provide strong initial evidence of an association between informed trading and restatement returns, but these results does not control for other possible omitted variables, nor does it address the direction of the causality.Last, the paper gives a multivariate regression analysis. Because the regression analysis require perfect foresight on the part of the market and might be part of what the market is trying to learn from informed trading signal, the authors run analysis with and without control variables.The first regression analysis only contains the informed trading variables. The result shows that 1α and 2α equal to 0.064 and 0.035 respectively, and significance at 1 percent. It is shows clearly that net insider buying and net repurchase lead to smaller decreases in market values, whereas net insider selling and net issuances lead to larger decreases in market values. The second regression analysis includes all variables expect the forward-looking ones, the coefficient of 1α and 2α equal to 0.057 and 0.032(significance level at 1%). The last regression analysis includes the forward-looking information variables. The magnitude and significance of 1α and 2α is stillpositive and significant (0.044 and 0.031, significance level at 1%). In summary, these results of the regression analysis are consistent with the notion that informed trading has an important role in the market ’s response to announced restatements.The regression analysis results of the second hypothesis show that the disclosed informed trading activity is driving the results observed in the previous analysis, whereas the non-disclosed informed trading signal does not appear to have any effect on the market ’s response to the restatement announcement. These results support the notion that the market is using the disclosed informed trading signals as of the restatement date to price the restatement, in other words, the second hypothesis is proved.Through the above three analysis, the authors found a significantly less (more) negative reaction to accounting restatements associated with prior stock repurchase (issuances) and prior insider buying (selling). Informed trading is a credible signal that reduces the information risk and downward revisions in expected future cash flows associated with accounting restatements.6 ConclusionsThrough this review, we learn that a successful accounting research should consider all the details. Form finding a researchable question, converting the question to research hypothesis, defining appropriate variables, building a simple and elegant model, selecting right samples, using correct method to test the hypothesis, and then rationally interpret the results, everything is important. But in my opinion, the most important part of good research is the researchable question. It should be an interesting question that the user of the research can identify as a problem it is worthwhile spending some time analyzing. The researcher has to sell his or her paper by showing that this is a researchable question. The analysis must be as simple as possible to keep the reader ’s attention.Comparing the papers that posted in the accounting research of China and posted in world-class academic journals, such as the accounting review , I find that there is a significant gap between China researchers and first-class scholars. The research idea of China researcher always is how to use advanced theory to solve the problem in China, however, it of first-class scholar of theworld always is how to use the cases or evidences all around the world to prove his views. This is one of the most important reason that the low level of China accounting research.As doctoral students of accounting, when finding the research questions, we should keep in mind that the problem of China is only part of the problem of the world. It’s a hard work, but we will try my best to complete a successful research.。
公共管理研究方法期末考试练习题2

一、选择题1、集中趋势是描述统计数据分布的集中度和分布中心,可以用()测度A.平均数(包括几何平均数)B.中位数C.众数D.以上都可以正确答案:D2、Qd=(Q3-Q1)/2 ,该公式表示的含义是()A.极差B.标准差C.四分位差D.变差系数正确答案:C3、下列关于相关与回归的说法,正确的是()A.相关是回归的必要条件B.相关是回归的充分条件C.相关是回归的充要条件D.回归是相关的必要条件正确答案:D4、在多元线性回归模型中,若某个解释变量对其余解释变量的判定系数接近于1,则表明模型中存在()A.异方差性B.序列相关C.多重共线性D.内生性正确答案:C5、当模型存在严重的多重共线性时,OLS估计量将不具备()A.线性B.无偏性C.有效性D. 一致性正确答案:D6、定性研究和定量研究的不同点描述不正确的是A.着眼点不同。
定性研究着重事物质的方面;定量研究着重事物量的方面;在研究中所处的层次不同。
定量研究是为了更准确地定性B.依据不同。
定量研究依据的主要是调查得到的现实资料数据,定性研究的依据则是大量历史事实和生活经验材料C.学科基础不同。
定性研究是以概率论、社会统计学等为基础,而定量研究则以逻辑学、历史学为基础D.手段不同。
定量研究主要运用经验测量、统计分析和建立模型等方法正确答案:C7、请问以下哪些肯定属于定性研究方法A.文本分析B.深度访谈C.心理测试D.市场调查正确答案:B8、关于定性研究,下列说法错误的是A.定量研究一般是验证性研究B.定量研究比定性研究用处更大C.定量研究的样本量往往较多D.定量数据往往结构化程度较高正确答案:B9、定性研究的核心特色是()A.资料收集、整理与研究的动态互动B.尝试进行理论解释C.把握当事者视角的事实和知识D.研究者的技巧、训练、洞察力和能力正确答案:A10、下列何者并非定性研究常见的缺点()A.其所获得的结论难以在较大范围中推论到总体B.其容易忽略被调查者深层的动机和具体社会过程中的一些复杂因素C.其在每个个案那里获得的数据往往较少,并且是比较表面的,很难获得深入、广泛的信息D.其研究成果很难以数学的语言加以精确的描述正确答案:D二、多选题1、回归分析中估计回归参数的方法主要有()A.相关系数法B.矩估计法C.最小二乘法D.极大似然法正确答案:B、C、D2、解决内生性问题的方法有()A.自然实验法B. 双重差分法C. 加权最小二乘法D.工具变量法正确答案:A、B、D三、判断题1、假设检验,就是事先对总体的参数或总体分布做出一个假设,然后利用样本信息来判断这个假设是否合理,即判断总体的真实情况与原假设是否显著地存在差异。
管理研究方法考试题A

东莞理工学院(本科)试卷( A 卷)2012---2013学年第 1 学期《企业(管理)研究方法》试卷A开课单位:工商管理学院,考试形式:闭卷考试,允许带入场()1、下列那些研究属于基础研究A、研究全球变暖的前因后果;B、评估各种存货的股价方法;C、施乐模拟复印技术增长缓慢的原因;D、信息系统效能的提高。
()2、内部研究人员的优点是A、进行研究时,较容易被公司员工接受。
B、能较快进入状况。
C、可进而负起推动实施的责任。
D、所耗费的成本较少。
3、信息需求的未来发展呈:()A、信息需求立体化。
B、更关注数据解读而不仅仅是信息描述。
C、数据信息指标化。
D、信息表达简单化。
()4、在进行宽泛的问题领域界定的时候,需要研究的特定议题可能分为以下几种类型:A、在组织中现存的,需要解决的问题;B、管理者认为组织中需改善的领域;C、为使基础研究者了解某种现象,而有必要强化的概念性或理论性议题;D、某些基础研究者想要通过实证解答的研究问题。
()5、指出下列情景中的变量:一位管理者相信好的监督与员工培训,能有效地提高生产率。
A、因变量是监督、培训,自变量是生产率;B、自变量是培训,因变量是生产率;C、自变量是监督,因变量是生产率;D、自变量是监督、培训,因变量是生产率。
()6、利率的提升、财产税的增加、经济的萧条及地震的预测,让中西部房地产经纪人的生意出现了相当程度的衰退。
在这个案例之中:A、利率的提升、财产税的增加、经济的萧条及地震的预测是生意衰退的原因;B、利率的提升、财产税的增加、经济的萧条及地震的预测与生意衰退是相关关系;C、利率的提升、财产税的增加、经济的萧条是生意衰退的原因,而地震的预测与生意衰退是相关关系;D、利率的提升、财产税的增加是生意衰退的原因,而经济的萧条及地震的预测与生意衰退是相关关系。
()7、从研究的时间维度看研究可以分为:A、探索性研究和描述性研究;B、横剖研究和纵贯研究;C、基础研究和应用研究;D、定量研究与定性研究。
管理学期末考试试题及答案doc

管理学期末考试试题及答案doc一、单项选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 管理的四大基本职能包括计划、组织、领导和()。
A. 控制B. 协调C. 激励D. 创新答案:A2. 科学管理理论的创始人是()。
A. 泰勒B. 法约尔C. 马斯洛D. 赫茨伯格答案:A3. 以下哪项不是马斯洛需求层次理论中的一个层次?A. 生理需求B. 安全需求C. 社交需求D. 创新需求答案:D4. 组织文化的核心是()。
A. 组织结构B. 组织战略C. 组织价值观D. 组织目标答案:C5. 在决策理论中,西蒙提出的“有限理性”概念指的是()。
A. 决策者总是理性的B. 决策者总是非理性的C. 决策者在有限的信息和有限的时间下做出决策D. 决策者在无限的信息和无限的时间内做出决策答案:C6. 以下哪项不是管理层次理论中的一个层次?A. 战略层B. 战术层C. 操作层D. 创新层答案:D7. 以下哪项不属于管理控制的步骤?A. 建立标准B. 比较实际结果与标准C. 采取纠正措施D. 制定计划答案:D8. 以下哪项不是有效沟通的原则?A. 明确性B. 及时性C. 保密性D. 反馈性答案:C9. 以下哪项不是团队发展的阶段?A. 形成阶段B. 冲突阶段C. 规范阶段D. 衰退阶段答案:D10. 以下哪项不是组织变革的阻力?A. 习惯B. 恐惧C. 资源D. 缺乏信任答案:C二、多项选择题(每题3分,共15分)1. 以下哪些因素会影响组织结构的设计?A. 组织规模B. 组织战略C. 组织文化D. 组织目标答案:ABC2. 以下哪些是领导理论的类型?A. 特质理论B. 行为理论C. 情境理论D. 交易理论答案:ABC3. 以下哪些是有效的激励手段?A. 金钱奖励B. 工作挑战C. 职业发展机会D. 工作环境改善答案:ABCD4. 以下哪些是组织变革的策略?A. 渐进式变革B. 激进式变革C. 计划性变革D. 非计划性变革答案:ABC5. 以下哪些是冲突管理的策略?A. 回避B. 竞争C. 合作D. 妥协答案:ABCD三、简答题(每题5分,共20分)1. 简述泰勒的科学管理理论的主要内容。
管理学研究方法-考试

管理学研究⽅法-考试⼀、名词解释:1.⽅法论:指⼀种研究程序的哲学,它包含了研究推理背后的假说和价值观以及研究者⽤来解释数据以获得结论的标准。
2.研究设计:是指科学研究的计划,也就是设计⼀个发现某事物的战略。
3.研究假设:是对某种⾏为、现象或事件做出的⼀种合理的、尝试性的并有待检验的解释。
4. 变量的分类:从变量之间的相互影响关系来分,有⾃变量、因变量、中介变量以及调节变量。
5. 置信⽔平:置信⽔平表⽰抽样统计值的精度,即指总体参数值落在样本统计某⼀区间的概率。
6.实验设计:是实验研究前做的具体计划,主要是控制实验条件和安排实验程序,其⽬的在于找出⾃变量和因变量之间的关系,做出正确的实验结论,来检验待解决问题的假设。
7. 弱实验设计:该类设计没有对影响内部效度的额外变量进⾏控制。
8. 准实验设计:准实验设计不包括对于被试的随机分配。
使⽤这种设计的研究者采⽤其他技术来控制影响内部效度的因素。
9.⾃然实验⽅法:是在实际情况下根据研究的⽬的有计划地变更某些条件、控制其他条件,以观察被试表现的⼀种⽅法。
10.调查研究:调查研究指的是⼀种采⽤⾃填式问卷或结构式访问的⽅法,系统地、直接地从⼀个取⾃某种社会群体的样本那⾥收集资料,并通过对资料的统计分析来认识社会现象及其规律的社会研究⽅式。
11.问卷法:是研究者⽤来收集资料的⼀种⽅法。
它以语⾔为媒介,使⽤严格设计的问题或表格,收集研究对象的资料。
12.案例研究:是指所研究的事发⽣在真实的⽣活⾥,且现象与情境(背景)往往⽆法清楚分割或界定。
在进⾏实地研究之前,要有理论命题指引研究所要观察的范围,借着各种数据收集及分析的⽅式,对有界限的系统,如个⼈.团体.事件.机构等作深⼊翔实的描述.诠释与分析。
13.建构效度:对所要研究的概念形成⼀套正确的.可操作性的测量。
14.实地研究:有时也称作⽥野研究或现场研究,是对⾃然状态下的研究对象进⾏直接观察,收集⼀段时间内若⼲变量的数据。
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管理研究方法论
一,简答题
1,实证论文结构是什么?为什么是这样的结构
实证论文的结构是:
1,摘要:摘要是对已完成的论文的精要摘写,讲做了什么。
论文研究的是什么,有什么结论需要分条列示,由结论引出的启发是什么
2,引言:首先,说明在该方面各位学者的研究进度,所持的观点,阐述自己为什么要研究,其次,说明研究中采用的方法;再次,分条列示研究的结果,结论以及结果是否验证了假设;最后,说明自己的贡献。
3,文献回顾:是对相关文献的陈述述与评价;
对相关且重要的文献准确阐述学者的观点,可以稍作评价,但要中性客观。
4,研究设计,理论推导与研究模型构建
5,样本选择与变量定义,
6,实证分析与结果(描述性统计,相关系数分析,回归结果
7,敏感性检验,
8,结论
引言与摘要的区别:引言是讲打算做什么,为什么;摘要是对已完成的论文的精要摘写,讲做了什么。
2,事件研究的概念
事件研究是利用统计学的方法,在某一或某些事件窗口内某一事件发生对公司股价的波动的影响。
步骤:1.决定研究假说,一般假设事件对股价没有显着地影响;2.事件日的确定,通常以宣布日为事件日3.利用历史数据得到市场的收益率与公司收益率之间的固定关系,如果考察的时间窗口内的收益率不满足已经得出的方程,则说明事件对股价有显着影响,4,异常报酬率的检定 5,分析结果
3,引言结构之间的逻辑关系是怎样的,研究假设的提出与理论分析的关系是怎样的,
4,背诵几个中英文数据库和期刊的名字
5,中英文参考文献的引用,背诵几个
6,第二篇论文的交叉变量的使用原因
交叉变量的使用原因:在列联分析中,除了考察控制变量对因变量的影响外,还应该考察控制变量之间协同作用时对因变量的影响,尤其是当各控制变量之间的协方差不为0时。
7,含有会计、财务、经济、金融的英文期刊数据库(哪个期刊在哪个数据库里)
二,经典论文的阅读
1,琼斯模型(盈余管理的测度)基本思想?
答题步骤:
在琼斯之前学者们假设非操纵性应急利润是不变的,但是琼斯大胆提出了利用时间序列模型衡量每期非操纵性应计利润。
企业管理层为了自己的利益,为了平滑企业的盈利,会对企业采取的会计政策进行调整,而调整的主要就是一些可操控的应计项目,这是盈余管理的主要方法;
第一步——讲为什么可操纵性应计项就是盈余管理
第二步——因为可操纵性应计项无法直接测度,才有了方法,这也是琼斯模型的作用所在;
第三步——修正琼斯模型与原始的模型区别
最初的琼斯模型:TAC j,t
A j,t−1=a0[1
A j,t−1
]+a
1
[?REV j,t
A j,t−1
]+a
2
[PPE j,t
A j,t−1
]+a (1)
TAC j,t=(?CA j,t−?Cash j,t)−(?CL j,t−?STD j,t)−Dep j,t 它是企业j 第t 年的总应计利润;?CA j,t为企业j 第t 年流动资产的增
加额;?CL j,t为企业j 第t 年的流动负债的增加额;?Cash j,t为企业j 第t 年的现金及现金等价物增加额;?STD j,t为企业j 第t 年的将于一年内到期的长
期负债增加额;Dep
j,t
为企业j 第t 年的折旧和摊销成本;A j,t−1为企业j 第
t-1 年末的总资产;?REV j,t为企业j第t 年的主营业务收入增加额;?AR j,t为企业j 第t 年的应收账款增加额;PPE j,t为企业j 第t 年的固定资产。
运用模型(2) ,可以得到每个公司每年的非操控性应计利润(NDAC) :
NDAC=a0̂[1
A j,t−1]+a1̂[?REV j,t
A j,t−1
]+a2̂[PPE j,t
A j,t−1
]+ä (2)
其中,a0̂,a1̂,a2̂分别为模型(1) 中a0,a1,a2的估计值。
这样,运用模型(3) 即可得到公司盈余管理的替代指标操控性应计利润(DAC) :
NDAC
-
/A
TAC
=
DAC
t,j
1-
t ,j
t,j
t ,j(3)
在得到了公司盈余管理的替代指标操控性应计利润(DAC)后,我们采用模型(4) 来检验上述假设1 和假设2 ,模型(5) 检验假设3 :
OPIN
β
+
AUD
β
+
TA
L.
β
+
MB
β
+
ROA
β
+
EV
L
β
+
SIZE
β
+
PIS
CONT
β
+
PIS
β
+
CONT
β
+
β
=
DAC
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
+
(4)
主要的研究步骤是什么
首先,利用流动资产,现金及现金等价物,流动负债,一年内到期的长期负债,折旧与摊销的变动额得到企业某年的应计利润,利用回归得到该应计利润与企业营业收入变动与固定资产之间的关系,然后用后面的两个变量得到样本的估计应计利润。
方程1的等式左边是可操控的应计利润,右边是可测量的应计利润,两者之间的差额即操控性应计利润;
修正的琼斯模型在可测量的应计利润中在营业收入变动中减去了应收账款的变动,
2,修正的琼斯模型与原来的模型相比有哪些改进,为什么做这些改进我认为原因是:这样就能更加精确的测量操控性应计利润,因为企业可以通过虚增应收账款然后再计提大量的坏账准备达到提高当期应计利润的目的,或者是为了将收入留待下期计入。
经典论文阅读
两篇复制论文的研究动机,研究的问题,研究的内容,研究的逻辑,思路,研究的模型是什么,研究的理论意义,研究的背景
1.理论分析
2.基本逻辑
3.假设依据
四,英文论文的阅读
1,有关公司财务,市场的资本结构,融资的优先顺序:债务融资和权益融资
2,债务融资的优势是什么,缺陷是什么
3,有些公司的债务融资比例较小,为什么呢?
4,本文研究的动机,问题是什么?
5,研究有什么发现,与已有的研究文献的区别是什么?
2页半
引言
文章各部分结构
前三道大题只有问题,无任何提示!!!
考试地点:SX101
考试时间:16周4早晨8:00—10:00。