Summary of unit____ 2
summary-of--Unit-1
-----WORD格式--可编辑--专业资料-----A summary of the hidden side of happinessIn our normal life, we all encounter more or less unhappy accidents. We all want to be happy, but things don’t go this way. Life is full of adversity and pain. However, what doesn’t kill you can actually make you stronger.People who get into great adversity, such as diseases, are shown a great spirit to struggle for surviving. Through these struggles, they are aware that happiness is not all in human life. Some people even feel that what they used to believe is useless, such as time, money, self-image, perception. To be happy and to nurture other life is all we need to do.Although some guys are not lucky enough to walk out of the disasters, many of the poor people find a better life. The hidden side of happiness teaches them how to live a better life. This is the circle: self-loss, confusion, and finally a new sense of mastery. For parents, having a baby is one of the life’s biggest challenges. Not good for the beginning, but they will love to live with their child in the end.So, it’s possible to live an extraordinary rewarding life even within the constraints and struggles we face.--完整版学习资料分享----。
新世纪研究生英语unit 2 Summary of the text
• Part 2: Main body – the limits of the Internet in
solving these problems 2-4: against the I’s potential to prevent war 5-7: against reducing energy consumption and pollution 8-9: against the belief that I can reduce inequality 10-11: a concession that there is truth in those claims • Part 3: Conclusion – Although the I has changed many things, it cannot solve all the problems of human society.
Text Structure
• Writing style: a piece of argumentation • A clear, reasoned, and logical way of demonstrating that your position, belief, or conclusion is valid. • Enough evidence should be given to support your arguments.
Summary of the text
This essay is a piece of argumentation. An argument is a reasoned, logical way of demonstrating that your position, belief, or conclusion is valid. One purpose of argument is to persuade reasonable people to agree with your position. Another is simply to defend your position, to establish its soundness even if others cannot be persuaded to agree. A third purpose of argumentation is to attack some position you believe to be misguided, untrue, or evil, without necessarily offering an alternative of your own. In a good essay of this type, enough evidence should be given to support your arguments. Addressing the claims of the opposition is also an important component in building a convincing argument.
Summary
Summary of Text A
4. 令人费解的是，她有一 个奇怪的念头，即当窗 外的最后一片叶子落下 的时候，她也会死去。
It was puzzling that she had a strange belief that once the last leaf on the vine outside fell, she would die.
Summary of Text A
5. 多亏了我们的楼下邻居贝尔曼先生，他 冒着生命危险画的“最后一片叶子”却 给 了她重生的希望。 Thanks to Behrman, our downstairs neighbor, the last leaf he painted at the cost of his life aroused Johnsy’s hope to live on.
Summary of Text A 1. 苏和约翰西在一家咖啡屋 相遇，发现双方有许多共 同语言，于是就一起开了 这间画室。 Sue and Johnsy had met at a café, and they found that they had much in common, so the joint studio resulted.
Summary of Text A 3. 而现在约翰西却只 能直直地坐在床上， 呆呆地看着窗外， 似乎丧失了生存下 去的勇气。 Now Johnsy just sat up in bed, staring out of the window, and seemed to lose the will to hang on to life.
The Last Leaf
Summary of Text A
Unit Six Book 3
研究生英语教材下summary
“The End of Something", written by Ernest Hemingway, is a short story about two young people who witness how time can change the world and the people in it.Firstly, the essay describes a town which once very prosperous due to the lumbering, then as time goes by, there were no more logs to make lumber, the mill almost become ruins. Secondly, two lovers, Nick and Marjorie row along the shore. They watch the view, talk and fish to eat. Their relationship used to be flourished. But in the present of the story, Nick and Marjorie have grown apart, they cannot relate as much to each other anymore. At last, Marjorie left; leaving Nick alone, thus led to the theme “the end of something”.The broken mill represents Nick and Marjorie's broken relationship. All what has happened due to the time, things can be changed by the time while we are not aware of. So what should we do? In my opinion, we should cherish all the things around us and make the most used of them. It is not empty words, but must into action, and only in this way can we not regret it when the things leave away from us.The author began the article by telling the experience of waking in the morning and finding him practically ignorant of anything. The author felt pitiable yet not necessarily so depressed about his current store of knowledge .He began to count what he knows and what he is ignorant of. However, it suddenly occurred to him that he is not the only one who is ignorant because no one can know everything, and it is no need for doing that. He is happy that he may be the only one who can face up to the ignorance.Being ignorant is not so much a shame, as being unwilling to learn, and it is the ignorance that leads us to learn more. As it is said that he must be very ignorant for he answers every questions he is asked.，so we should continue to learn to compensate for our ignorance instead of being overwhelmed by it.Unit 3 Exercise is a state of mind “A sound mind in a sound body is a short, but full description of a happy state in this world”. Nowadays research suggests that there is deep link between body and mind health in order to achieve happy state of mind.In this way, exercise is a state of mind.The author used scientists’ experiments as evidence to show that exercise has exerted great effects on people’s mind health. Regular exercise can improve mood, decrease anxiety and relieve depression. On the other hand, exercise is under genetic control. Genes can influence people’s responses to exercise. In the end, the author advises us to form the habit of exercise. And you needn’t speed too much time on it. Continuing exercise is good to your body and mind health.From the article, we all learn that only a person with regular exercise can have a physical and spiritual health and can overcome pressure and make himself perfection. Whoever finds the starter motor, the genetic wellspring of motivation, he will have found a key to good health. So, just do it from now on.Summary and Comment （unit4）The article begins with the faith that people in American used to believe that “opportunity is the crux of the American ideal”, which makes people think that with hard work and self-determination, they are sure to succeed and realize their dreams. But in recent yearsthe traditional doctrine of “American dream”is seriously challenged, with regard to the economic development. Most important of all, the economic mobility in America is getting lower and lower as compared to any other western country. At last, the rich people stay rich while poor people stay poor, and the effective way may be to improve education, which will definitely have a great effect on economic mobility across generations.It is no doubt that America is a developed country, with its developed economy and service business, but it has many problems together, even more serious than the developing country, so we may not only see its prosperity but also should realize its defect. Everything has two sides, and we should not be confused by its surface.Summary and Comment （unit5）The article firstly questioned how to define the “evil”, and what’s the humanist understand about “evil”. Then the author distinguishes creative and destructive potentials, and then finds social forces that may activate destructive potentials. In the end, with such what’s aboutevil, the author concludes the text by offering some how as to teaching our children about evil.It is probably safe to say that language has a pair of words expressing good and evil. But what really is good, and what really is evil? The answer may vary from people to people, and culture to culture. Actually, the evil and good are relative, they could not exist without each other, there is no absolutely bad man, and also no saint. As boys and girls, we are taught to do good, not evil. To prevent evil, we cannot only attend to our self, but also think about others’feeling, always put yourself into other’s shoes, if it hurt you, it may hurt other person, too. So we should turn our destructive impulse into creativity, to help others in need.。
Summary Writing Homework
Summary Writing Homework1.Write a summary of Unit Four “The No-child Family: GoingAgainst 100,000 Years of Biology”.2.Read the following 3 passages and write summaries of not morethan 120 words for each.Passage 1Achieving Peak PerformanceThere are seven steps to achieve peak performance. The first step is to lead a well-rounded life. High achievers, according to experts, are obsessed【着迷的一门心思的】people who take work home and then labor over it until bedtime. Furthermore, research has also shown that such people tend to peak early and then go into a decline or level off. They then become addicted to work itself, with less concern for results.High performers, in contrast, are willing to work hard - but within strict limits. For them, work is not everything and they know how to relax. They are able to leave work at the office. They value close friendships and family life, and spend a healthy amount of time with their families.The second step is to select a career you care about. Studies show that high performers choose work they truly prefer, and spend over two-thirds of their working hours doing it and only one-third on disliked tasks. They want internal satisfaction and not just external results such as pay rises and promotions. In the end, of course, they often have both. Since they enjoy what they do, they produce better work and the rewards are higher.Rehearsing【排练，排演】each challenge or task mentally is the third step to achieving peak performance. Before any difficult or important situation -- a public presentation, a board meeting, a key tennis match, for example -- most peak performers run their desired actions through in their minds over and over again. Nearly all of us day-dream about important coming events, but idle day-dreaming is not the same as a deliberate mental workout that sharpens the skills to be used in the activity.In order to achieve peak performance, you also have to seek results, not perfection. Many ambitious and hardworking people are so obsessed with perfection that they produce very little work. It has been found that those with perfectionist tendencies earned considerably less a year than those who did not have such tendencies. In contrast, high performers are almost always free of the compulsion tobe perfect. They do not think of their mistakes as failures, but they learn from mistakes so that they can do better the next time.The next step is to be willing to take risks. Most people are willing to settle for jobs which they think are secure, even if that also means mediocrity and boredom, rather than take chances. High performers, on the other hand, are able to take risks because they would carefully consider how they would adjust and how they would salvage the situation if, in reality they did fail. Constructing a ‘worst-case’ scenario allows them to make a rational choice.The penultimate step to achieving peak performance is not to underestimate your own, potential. Most of us think we know our own limits, but much of what we ‘know’ is not knowledge at all. It could be a belief which is erroneous and self-limiting. These types of beliefs are the biggest barriers to achieving high-level performance. Too many of us set our individual limits far below what we can actually achieve. High performers, on the contrary, are able to ignore artificial barriers. They concentrate instead on their own feelings, on their functioning, on the momentum of their effort and are therefore free to achieve peak levels.Finally, compete with yourself, not with others. High performers focus more on improving on their own previous efforts than on competing with others.Such are the skills of high performers. If you want to make the most of your talents and to live up to your fullest potential, learn to use these skills.well-rounded: involving or having experience in a wide range of ideas or activities.penultimate: second from the last.Passage 2Pollution in Its Many FormsOne of the most serious problems facing the world today is pollution, that is the contamination of air, land and water by all kinds of chemicals such as poisonous gases, waste materials and insecticides. Pollution has upset the balance of nature, destroyed many forms of wildlife and caused a variety of illnesses. It occurs in every country on Earth but is most prominent in industrial countries.Breathing polluted air is very common to most people, especially those living in cities. In heavily industrialized areas, fumes from car exhausts and thick smoke from factory chimneys can be seen darkening the atmosphere. This would reduce visibilityand make the air unpleasant to breathe. Large scale burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, gas and oil, in homes and industries also produces a wide range of pollutants. This includes sulfur dioxide which damages plants, destroys buildings and affects health. Other known pollutants are carbon monoxide[一氧化碳], nitrogen dioxide and dirt particles. The fumes produced by car exhausts and factories would normally disperse in the air, but sometimes they are trapped by air layers of different temperatures. The result is a fog-like haze known as smog. Britain and some other countries introduced smokeless zones and smokeless fuels some years ago and smog no longer occurs, but it still remains a very real problem in Japan and the United States.The motor car is a major source of pollution. In densely populated cities where there are millions of cars on the roads, the level of carbon monoxide in the air is dangerously high. On windless days, the fumes settle near ground level. Fumes from car exhausts also pour out lead and nitrogen oxide.The testing of nuclear weapons, and the use of atomic energy for experimental purposes in peaceful times have exposed some people to levels of radiation that are too high for safety. Crop-spraying by aircraft also adds chemical poisons to the air.Domestic rubbish is another very serious pollution problem. The average American citizen throws away nearly one ton of rubbish every year. Much of this consists of plastic, metal and glass packaging that cannot be broken down naturally. Instead it lies with old refrigerators, broken washing machines and abandoned cars in huge piles for years without decaying. Each year the problem of rubbish disposal becomes more serious.Sewage[污水] causes another form of pollution. Most of it flows straight into rivers, where it is broken down by tiny bacteria【细菌】. The bacteria need oxygen for this process, but because of the vast quantities of sewage, the bacteria uses up all available oxygen in the water, causing the death of countless fish and other river life. Rivers provide a very convenient outlet for industrial waste, as well as being a source of water for cooling in nuclear and other power plants.Like rivers, oceans have been used as dumping grounds for waste of all kinds. One of the recent sources of sea pollution is oil and millions of tons of it spill into the sea each year. Oil not only pollutes beaches, it also kills fish and seabirds.prominent: very well-known and important.use up: to finish a supply of something.Passage 3Vitamin A is found only in yellow animal fats, in egg-yolk, milk and cheese. It is particularly plentiful in fish-liver oils, hence fish-liver oils are used for preventing andcuring illness caused by lack of vitamin A. In a well-fed, healthy human being, the liver can store up sufficient vitamin A to meet the body’s requirements for six months.Although vitamin A itself is not present in plants, many plants produce a substance called carotene, formed from leaf-green which our bodies can convert into vitamin A. Carotene is the yellowish-red coloring matter in carrots. The greener a leaf is, the more carotene it usually contains. Hence the importance of green, leafy vegetables in the diet as a source of carotene. Tomatoes, papayas, mangoes and bananas contain more carotene than most other fruits. Red palm oil contains so much carotene that it is used instead of cod-liver oil. Thus, it is very valuable, both as a food-fat and for deep-frying.Vitamin A and carotene are insoluble in water and they are not destroyed by heat unless oxygen is present. Boiling in water, therefore, does not destroy much vitamin A or carotene.Vitamin A encourages healthy growth and physical fitness. Young animals soon stop growing and die if vitamin A is not present in their diet. This vitamin keeps the moist surfaces lining the digestive canal, the lungs and air passages healthy. It also helps keep the ducts of the various glands, the tissue that lines the eyelids and covers the front of the eyeball functional. As vitamin A helps these tissues build up resistance to infection, it is often called the anti-infective vitamin.Some of the most common disorders in people are caused by a shortage of vitamin A, when the moist tissues become dry and rough. This often causes serious eye disease, followed by infection of the air-passages. The skin may also become flaky and rough. Another defect caused by shortage of vitamin A is ‘night-blindness’, when the affected person has distinct vision only in bright light.As the body cannot produce vitamin A, it has to come from external sources. Thus a well-balanced diet is required and is usually sufficient to provide the necessary amount. There is therefore no need to supplement the need in the form of pills.egg yolk: the yellow part of an egg.flaky: coming off easily in small, flat, thin pieces.distinct: obvious, apparent.。
Summary of Units
Summary of Unit OneThis essay is devoted to investigating the problems existing in face-to-face communication, especially in inter-cultural communication. Today it is quite common for people to see that many people try hard to communicate with one another. In spite of their good intentions, they often fail in the course of cross-cultural communication and they are unable to get the desired result. The author points out that the failure in communication can be attributed to six stumbling blocks, that is, assumption of similarities, language difference, nonverbal misinterpretations, the presence of preconceptions and stereotypes, the practice of immediate evaluation and high anxiety. Then, a detailed analysis is made by the author of the six stumbling blocks respectively. Knowing the six stumbling blocks is certainly a help to people if people want to avoid such kind of problems. At the same time, the communicators should care for different customs, goals, and thought patterns of other nation besides their own. In this way, people can live and function in a multi-cultural environment as effectively as possible.Summary of Unit ThreeWith the development of civilization and the progress of the society, stepfamilies come into being. To make members in the stepfamilies enjoy life and to realize a true integration, the author expresses his ideas about hoe to cook a stepfamily. He lists 5 styles of cooking to show some analogy to the stepfamily’s combination. The 5 styles of cooking are blender, food processor, microwave, pressure cooker and tossed. From what has been said, people know that applying one of them does not produce a satisfactory outcome. It is evident that each of the 5 styles has some problems which prevent stepfamilies from living harmoniously. That’s why the author introduces / recommends a Crockpot Style, which calls for time and low heat. The author points out that for a stepfamily, time and low heat are the essential elements to make for an effective combination. Couples should be patient with the integrative process. Don’t try to force, care or togetherness. If you do, you will overcook it and get a spoiled dish. You know,”A watched pot never boils”. In a word, a Crockpot Style is the best one to cook a stepfamily, and time and low heat will make the integration more likely in the long run. Summary of Unit FourWhen speaking of economic development, both physical and human capital investments play a major role. Unfortunately, physical capital investment is highly preferred to human capital investment in China, and the latter is ignored national-wide to a large degree. Focusing on the topic of Human Capital and Economic Development, the author dwells on it from 4 parts: The Benefits of Human Capital Investment, Under-investment and Insufficient Geographical Distribution of Human Investment, Policies to Foster Human Capital and Promote Economic Growth and Increase in Human Capital Will Reduce Inequality, and Help the Economic Growth in China. From the article, readers understand that physical capital investment accounts for a very large proportion, because it has a quick profit, whereas human capital investment is costly to acquire and the rate of return is hard to be seen in the short run. The author points out that the imbalanced investment will make China lose opportunities for improvement in wealth. So China’s leadership should be in charge of working out policies so as to put China on the right path leading to economic growth. The author furtherpoints out that policies like opening labor markets will produce greater wage inequality. For this problem, people should not worry too much. There is a kind of policy which would offset the rise in inequality. Even if it is not the case, inequality is not to be feared. In fact, inequality will stimulate people to acquire skills, which, in turn, will raise productivity. All in all, human capital is the asset that eventuraly determines the wealth of China, and helps to accelerate the economic growth in China.Summary of Unit FiveThere is no doubt that women are the poorest of the poor in many parts around the world. This is closely linked with gender equity and environmental policies and programs. Unfortunately, authorities concerned are unaware of it. When making environmental policies and drawing up programs, they seldom take gender into account / consideration. As a result, a vicious cycle is set up, which is responsible for the poor situation that women are in. In order to change the situation, the author explores the synergies between the goals of gender equity, poverty alleviation and environmental sustainability. Centering on the 7 aspects of Energy, Environment and Gender, Climate Change and Gender, Land Tenure and Agriculture, Water, Health, Urbanization and Environmental Disasters, the author gives an account of them one by one. From this, we come to know that women’s poor situation is associated with gender, poverty and environment. However, many environmentalists belittle gender equity. They think of gender equity as trivial, not worth their energy and time. The author disagrees with them and argues that gender equity should be taken into account when environmentalists make policies. Adding gender as a third dimension will surely strengthen and sharpen environmental policies, and programs, but not waken or delay them.。
概要的写法(How to write a summary)
概要的写法（How to write a summary）Like outlining, summarizing unfamiliar or difficult information is an excellent way to learn from your reading and remember what you have read. Summarizing a reading gives you its essence(精髓). When you summarize a text, you handle the ideas and information not as the author did, but in your own way, in your own words.Writinga good summary is a test of intelligence and persistence, difficult but extraordinarily satisfying. When you finish a coherent (连贯的)summary, you know that you have mastered new material, reduced （简化）it to its essentials, and made it your own. Since summarizing is time-consuming and challenging, you should reserve it for material that is unusually hard to understand, perhaps material on which you will be tested or material about which you must write convincingly. Here is a plan which will help you summarize:1.Read and reread the material, annotating（注释）as you go. At this stage you are trying tobecome thoroughly familiar with the material.2.Identify the main ideas, either by making a scratch （简单的）outline or by underlining themain ideas.3.Write a summary that includes only the main ideas, not illustrations or examples orquotations, and make sure that it is coherent and reads smoothly.4.Although your summary will rely on key terms and concepts in the material, it must bestated entirely in your own words.There is no exact formula about how long a summary should be in relation to the original. Some readings are dense with new concepts, while others intersperse concepts with quotations, charts and tables, and illustrations. A summary should be long enough to present the main ideas coherently.Summary of Unit 3, Text A Public Attitude towards ScienceIn this text, Stephen Hawking convinced us that though some people assume that life in the past might be simpler or more enjoyable, as a matter of fact, modern science and technology bring us tremendous conveniences which have greatly improved the quality of our lives. Hawking further pointed out that even if some people want to go back to an early age, it is impossible to put the clock back. Because the development of human society, the force of competition and human initiative and inquiry won’t let it do.Since we accept the fact that one cannot stop the advances of science and technology, we should make sure that they develop in the right direction. We should let the general public to make the judgment about the direction, instead of just putting them in the hands of a few experts or politicians. Therefore, it is important to let the general public to have a basic knowledge of science.School is the best place to pass the scientific knowledge. However, in school, knowledge is usually taught in a rote and dull method, without relating it to the real world.And knowledge is renewing very quickly, so there might be other ways to pass down the knowledge. Hawking thinks television is the best way to popularize the scientific knowledge to every single citizen. And only the general public have the basic understand of science,canour civilization survive.。
六年级第二单元梗概800字作文大全上册
六年级第二单元梗概800字作文大全上册示例回答如下1:In Unit 2 of the sixth grade, students study a variety of subjects, including English, Math, Science, and Social Studies. In English class, students learn about grammar, vocabulary, and reading comprehension. They also focus on writing skills, including essays, stories, and letters. Math class covers topics such as fractions, decimals, and geometry. In Science, students explore the natural world, learning about animals, plants, and the environment. Social Studies introduces students to history, geography, and different cultures. Through this unit, students gain a well-rounded education in various subjects.在六年级第二单元，学生们学习各种学科，包括英语、数学、科学和社会学。
在英语课上，学生们学习语法、词汇和阅读理解。
他们还注重写作技能，包括文章、故事和书信。
数学课涵盖分数、小数和几何等主题。
在科学课上，学生们探索自然界，学习动物、植物和环境知识。
社会学引导学生了解历史、地理和不同的文化。
通过这个单元，学生们在各种学科中获得全面的教育。
示例回答如下2:Sure, here is the English response:The second unit of the sixth grade, volume one, is an engaging and diverse collection of texts and activities that focus on various themes such as nature, animals, and personal experiences. This unit encourages students to develop their reading, writing, and comprehension skills through a range of activities that cater to different learning styles. The texts include stories, poems, and informational articles that not only enrich students' vocabulary but also broaden their understanding of the world around them.One of the main themes of this unit is nature and the environment. Students are exposed to texts that discuss the beauty and importance of nature, as well as the impact of human actions on the environment. Through these texts, students are prompted to reflect on their own relationship with nature and consider the ways they can contribute to environmental conservation.In addition to nature, the unit also delves into the world of animals. Students have the opportunity to read about a variety of creatures, learning about their habitats, behaviors,and the importance of wildlife conservation. This not only enhances their knowledge of the animal kingdom but also nurtures a sense of empathy and responsibility towards other living beings.Furthermore, the unit includes personal narratives and accounts, allowing students to explore the experiences and perspectives of different individuals. By reading aboutreal-life events and feelings, students are encouraged to empathize with others and consider the diversity of human experiences.In terms of language skills, this unit offers a wide range of activities to strengthen students' reading and writing abilities. From comprehension questions to creative writing prompts, students are encouraged to engage with the texts in a meaningful way, honing their analytical and expressive skills.Overall, the second unit of the sixth grade, volume one, presents a rich and thought-provoking collection of texts and activities that not only foster language skills but alsopromote empathy, environmental awareness, and a broader perspective of the world.现在是中文回答：六年级上册的第二单元是一个多样化且引人入胜的内容集合，主题涵盖自然、动物和个人经历等多个方面。
新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第四册Unit2教(学)案
新视野大学英语读写教程第四册教案B4U2Unit 2Secrets to Beauty*Teaching Objectives：Students will learn to use English to1. To talk about people’s pursuit of beauty2. To further understand the text3. To apply the phrases and patterns4. To master the essay writing skill*Time Allotment: each unit 8 classes1st---2nd classes: Part I Warming up1.Lead-in : Lead-in questions for warming up2.Pre-reading questions: Watch and talk; compound dictation3.Cultural background3rd--4th classes:Part II Text Study4.Reading in Depth:Structure Analysis, Summary, Difficult sentences analysisnguage Focus: More practice in Language Points (language points explanation,Sentence Patterns, Useful Expressions)5th—6th classes:Part III Reflection6.Critical thinking: More speaking practice in discussion related to languagelearning.7.Writing Practice: Essay writing• How to write an essay7th—8th classes: Part IV Assignment7. Post-reading activities: summary of useful expressions, watching and discussing, speaking task, etc.8. Section B: Focus on fast reading and practice in reading skillUNIT 2Section AThe confusing pursuit of beautyPart I Warming up1. Lead-in:1.What are these products in the following pictures used for?Tips:·Lipstick, nail polish, eye shadow, mascara, eyeliner, power foundation2 Discussion question:Are beauty products used by women only? What do men usually do with their physical looks?3. Cultural Background:1. Who is Barbie? What is she best-known for?Barbie, also referred to as Barbie Dolls or Barbie Girls, is the principal figure of a brand of dolls and accessories, including other family members and dolls. Launched in March 1959 by the American toy company Mattel, Inc., Barbie has been an important part of the market of toy fashion dolls for over 50 years. The typical image of Barbie is the plastic doll in a box, with great fashion appeal.2. Who is Cindy Crawford?Cindy Crawford is a famous American model. She was born as Cynthia Ann Crawfordon February 20, 1966, in De Kalb, Illinois. She is famous for her trademark mole above her lip. During the 1980s and 1990s, Cindy Crawford was among the most popular supermodel, and she was repeatedly and frequently featured on the cover of many magazines, including V ogue, W, People, Elle, Cosmopolitan, and Allure.Part II Text Study1. Main idea & structure:Tips for Reading:A Good Reader should1) Try to become an active reader.2) Learn to ask more questions. ( what, why, how)3) Do the efficient reading. (key points, topic sentence, key words, locatingwords, necessary and sufficient )4) Develop a habit of marking during reading.Answer Questions1) . How do you understand the sentence “No amount of rehearsal will help you come up with the right answer” (Para.2)Tips: The sentence means that it is very difficult, or even impossible, for a man to give a right answer when a woman asks him how she looks, no matter how hard he thinks about it and how many different answers he tries.2) According to the text, in what way do men and women evaluate their appearance differently?Tips:Men are satisfied with being average-looking, paying little attention to their looks. In contrast, women pay great attention to their body and image, considering their appearance as not good enough even if they are in fact attractive.3)What causes women to be always dissatisfied with their looks?The interaction of many psychological and societal factor, for example, their childhood experiences with toys, and the influence of the media.4)In what way do the toys girls play with differ from those boys play with?Girl’s toys are proportioned to have extreme measures of the body( e.g. in terms of height, weight and waist size), whereas boys’ toys can look weird rather than handsome.5)Why is the supermodel Cindy Crawford mentioned in Paragraph 7?Cindy Crawford is mentioned as an example to show that the beauty industry and the media have great influence on women’s devotion to physical beauty and the use of beauty products.6)Why do women think that men are not qualified to judge whether a woman looks good or not?Women think so because men do not even care about their own appearance. For instance, a man often does not bother to clean the cream in his hair or ears after shaving.SummaryThis text is a contrast essay. To find out why it is difficult for a man to answer when a woman asks him how she looks, the author discusses the differences between men and women. The author organizes the supporting details by using the point-by-point method. The specific “points” or criteria of contrast are how the two sexes perceive their own looks, what factors cause this difference, as well as how much care they pay to the details of appearance.2. Language Focus:Useful expressions:1.1) Some men think they’re irresistibly desirable, and they refuse tochange this opinion even when they grow bald and their faces visibly wrinkle as they age. (Para. 3)Irresistible: 1 being impossible to refuse, not want 无法抗拒的2 being strong or powerful and impossible to controlIrresistible force2）If, at the end of his four-minute allotment of time for grooming, a man has managed to wipe most of the shaving cream out of the strands of his hair and isn’t bleeding too badly, he feels he’s done all he can. (Para.4)groom：vt. 1 梳妆；打扮2擦洗，刷洗（动物，尤指马匹）E.g. Every time before she goes out to a party, she spends hours and hours grooming herself. 她每次外出参加聚会前，都花好几个小时梳妆打扮。
英语第二课的知识点总结
英语第二课的知识点总结In Unit 2, we have learned about various topics such as expressing likes and dislikes, talking about routines, hobbies, and free-time activities, describing frequency and abilities, using adverbs of frequency, and giving reasons and explanations.1. Expressing Likes and DislikesOne of the important aspects of Unit 2 is learning how to express likes and dislikes in English. We have learned to use the verb "like" to express positive feelings towards something and the verb "dislike" to express negative feelings. Additionally, we have also learned to use the verbs "love" and "enjoy" to express strong positive feelings and the verb "hate" to express strong negative feelings.2. Talking about RoutinesWe have learned how to talk about daily routines using the present simple tense. When discussing routines, we use time expressions such as "daily," "usually," "often," "sometimes," "rarely," and "never" to indicate the frequency of our activities.3. Hobbies and Free-time ActivitiesUnit 2 also covers the topic of hobbies and free-time activities. We have learned to use the phrase "I like..." or "I enjoy..." followed by a gerund to talk about activities that we like to do in our free time. Some examples of hobbies and free-time activities mentioned in this unit include reading, playing sports, watching movies, and cooking.4. Describing Frequency and AbilitiesDescribing frequency and abilities is an important part of Unit 2. We learned about adverbs of frequency such as "always," "usually," "often," "sometimes," "rarely," and "never" to indicate how often we do certain activities. Additionally, we learned to use the modal verbs "can" and "can't" to talk about our abilities and limitations.5. Giving Reasons and ExplanationsIn this unit, we have also learned how to give reasons and explanations for our actions and opinions. We use phrases like "because," "since," "as a result," and "that's why" to connect our reasons to our statements, and we learned to use the present simple tense to express general truths and facts.6. Practicing Talking About Likes and Dislikes, Routines, Hobbies, and Free-time Activities In Unit 2, we had the opportunity to practice talking about our likes and dislikes, daily routines, hobbies, and free-time activities through various speaking and writing activities. These practices have helped us reinforce the knowledge we have gained and improve our communication skills in English.7. Reviewing and Applying Vocabulary and GrammarThroughout Unit 2, we reviewed and applied vocabulary related to likes and dislikes, routines, hobbies, and free-time activities. We also applied grammar concepts such as the present simple tense, adverbs of frequency, modal verbs, and reasons and explanations in our speaking and writing tasks.8. Summary of Unit 2Overall, Unit 2 has provided us with valuable knowledge and skills related to expressing likes and dislikes, talking about routines, hobbies, and free-time activities, describing frequency and abilities, and giving reasons and explanations. Through this unit, we have improved our English communication abilities and expanded our vocabulary and grammar knowledge. This knowledge and skills will be valuable as we continue to progress in our English language learning journey.。
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A Summary of “How to Get the Poor off Our Conscience”
1020030070 Gong Xianyuan 龚贤元This prose by John Kenneth Galbraith points out that as the continuing co-existence of affluence and poverty always leads to our discomforts, we have been undertaking to get the poor off our conscience for centuries.
Begin with the oldest solution in the Bible: the poor suffer in this world but are wonderfully rewarded in the next. Later in 18th century, Jeremy Bentham proposed utilitarianism, which claimed that the greatest good for greatest number of people could solve the social problem. Then in 1830s, Malthusianism associated with the name of David Ricardo and Thomas Robert Malthus pointed out excessive fecundity of the poor led to their poverty and that was their own fault. By the middle of 19th century, Hebert Spencer achieved Social Darwinism with essence of “survival of the fittest”. In the last century, Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover thought that the public assistance to the poor interfered with the effective operation of the economic system.
The above five solutions made little breakthrough until Roosevelt revolution, it brought changes that government assumed a substantial measure of specific responsibility for the poor including social security and unemployment insurance.
In recent years, we were engaged in this search in a highly energetic
way and achieved five designs. The allegation that government is too incompetent and ineffective to succor the poor comes in the first and just avoids responsibility for the poor. Following the most highly influential piece of fiction appears that any form of public help to the poor only causes morale discouragement. Then the third design claims Public assistance measures have an adverse effect on incentive that reducing the effort of the diligent and encouraging the idleness of the idle but it’s unbelievable that most of people prefer welfare to a good job. What’s more transparent is the fourth design that suggests taking responsibility for the poor has adverse effect on freedom of choosing of the rich. Finally, with no effective way, we resort to psychological denial and decline to think of the poor.
However, in author’s opinion, although compassion along with public effort is the least comfortable and convenient course of action in our time, it is the only way to preserve and enlarge social tranquility. A civilized free society need get the poor off our conscience in this way.。