中国传统礼仪与西方礼仪的异同
中西方待人接物的差异
中西方待人接物的差异一、礼仪习惯中西方在礼仪习惯上存在明显的差异。
在东方文化中，礼仪被高度重视，人们习惯于尊重长辈、先来后到、礼让为先等传统礼仪。
而在西方文化中，礼仪习惯可能更侧重于直接、坦诚和独立。
例如，在东方文化中，人们见面时通常会互相问候，询问对方的近况，而在西方文化中，人们可能更倾向于直接进入主题或进行简短的寒暄。
二、社交方式中西方在社交方式上也存在差异。
东方文化中的社交方式通常较为正式和保守，人们更注重身份和地位的尊重。
而在西方文化中，社交方式可能更为轻松和随意，人们更注重个性和自由。
例如，在东方文化中，人们参加社交活动时通常会遵守一定的礼仪规范，而在西方文化中，人们可能更倾向于自由交流和互动。
三、沟通方式中西方在沟通方式上也有所不同。
东方文化中的沟通方式通常较为含蓄和委婉，人们更注重言辞的谦逊和尊重。
而在西方文化中，沟通方式可能更为直接和坦率，人们更注重表达自己的观点和意见。
例如，在东方文化中，人们可能更倾向于使用委婉的言辞来表达自己的不满或建议，而在西方文化中，人们可能更倾向于直接表达自己的观点和感受。
四、价值观差异中西方在价值观方面也存在差异。
东方文化强调集体主义和尊重长辈、传统等价值观，而西方文化则更注重个人主义和自由、平等的价值观。
这种价值观的差异也反映在待人接物的方式上。
例如，在东方文化中，尊重长辈被视为一种美德，而在西方文化中，个人权利和自由被优先考虑。
五、文化背景中西方的文化背景也存在差异。
中国有着几千年的历史和文化传承，其中包含了许多传统的礼仪和习俗。
而西方文化则源于古希腊、罗马等古代文明，其文化背景与东方文化有所不同。
这种文化背景的差异也影响了人们的待人接物方式。
例如，在中国传统文化中，家庭观念非常重要，人们更注重家庭和谐和亲情关系。
而在西方文化中，个人主义被强调，人们更注重个人发展和成就。
六、行为准则中西方在行为准则方面也存在差异。
东方文化中的行为准则通常强调尊重他人、谦虚谨慎等品质，而西方文化则更注重独立自主、勇敢创新等品质。
中国礼仪与西方礼仪的区别
中国礼仪与西方礼仪的区别01、在问候方面中国人与人打招呼第一句话一般是“你吃了吗”、“上哪儿去啊”，而西方人第一句话一般是“你好”或“很高兴见到你”。
02、在饮食方面中国人的饭桌上菜色比较丰富，以肉食为主，而西方人的菜色就比较单调，但是讲究荤素结合。
03、在餐桌礼仪方面中国人吃饭的时候喜欢热闹，喜欢边吃饭边聊天，而且聊得很大声，而西方人吃饭的时候比较安静，就算聊天也是低声聊。
04、在着装方面中国人更喜欢休闲的装备，除非特殊场合，否则是越休闲越好。
而西方人在着装方面很讲究，喜欢穿修身的衣服，还喜欢穿正装。
1、在称谓和称呼方面，西方人的称呼通常是比较笼统的，通常一个称呼可以涵盖中国的很多个称呼。
例如西方人称呼男的为先生，称呼女的为女士或者小姐。
而“先生”一词在我国各类词典中的第一解释就是“教师”，是对教师最古老、最悠久的称谓，已经流传了几千年。
在我国，握手礼不但在见面和告辞时使用，而且还作为一种祝贺、感谢或相互鼓励的表示。
因此是社交中应用最广泛的致意礼节。
见面、道别时的礼貌演变到今天就是“你好”、“再见”两个短语，客气的顶多再互相握下手，在各种古怪疾病流行的今天显得简洁而卫生而又体面。
然而西方国家，见面就要先送贴面礼、亲吻礼和吻手礼，让我们很不习惯也不能接受。
3、在宴客方面，喝酒，历来被中国人视为做生意、交朋友等社交场合不可缺少的一环。
中国通常遵循的是酒杯不能空茶水不能太满，在西方人他们通常喜欢啤酒、葡萄酒，不喜欢劝酒，他们的行为会随女主人的动作而进行。
中国是一个酒文化大国，几千年流传下来的酿酒工艺和人们赋予酒的美好寓意，使饮酒成为中国人宴请宾朋、交际应酬等活动中不可缺少的内容。
中华民族博大精深的酒文化也令老外折服，使他们也对中国的白酒满怀好奇心，但他们对中国酒桌上的强行劝酒有多反感。
就如我们正常的中国人对老外的贴面礼排斥一样。
4、在禁忌与习俗方面，中国人不喜欢说4，觉得8非常吉利，而西方人不喜欢13、中国人视4为不吉利，因为与“死”同音；而在荷兰语中4却是个喜庆的数字，因为与荷兰语“庆祝”一词的发言相近。
西方文化与中国文化的异同比较
西方文化与中国文化的异同比较文化是人类自我表达和自我认识的一种形式，它在一个社会或一个地区得到广泛传承和发展，成为该社会或该地区的基本精神内涵。
不同的文化背景使得人们的观念，价值观和行为习惯有所不同。
在世界范围内，东西方文化是最具代表性的两种文化，它们的不同点和相似点在全球范围内都有着深远的影响。
本文将比较西方文化与中国文化的异同。
1. 社交礼仪西方文化和中国文化在社交礼仪方面有很大的区别。
在西方文化中，人们比较注重个人空间的保护和个人权利的表达，因此在交往中会更加直接，讲究个人独立和自主的原则。
在会面时，他们通常是握手或者拥抱互致问候。
他们也喜欢喝酒和跳舞来增加气氛。
相反，在中国文化中，人们比较强调人际关系和家庭关系的重要性，因此需要注意他人的情感和感受。
在中国文化中，与人见面时应该先行询问对方的身体状况和家庭情况等，不要过于直接。
中餐时会互相推杯换盏，但不会喝酒过量或跳舞来增加气氛。
2. 文化内涵西方文化和中国文化在文化内涵方面也存在很大的差异。
西方文化讲究科学性和实用性，强调个体权利和信仰自由，个人的品德成就和社交听闻比较重要。
西方文化中的价值观和信仰是自由民主，市场经济和人权，强调个人选择和自由的生活方式。
中国文化更侧重于道德性和人文性，强调社交关系和亲情友情，个人的学识和文化艺术水平比较重要。
中国文化中的价值观和信仰是文化自信，尊重传统，团结和睦，强调国家的统一和生态环境保护。
3. 教育观念西方文化和中国文化在教育观念方面也有很大的差异。
在西方文化中，强调个人学习和成就，更注重实际操作和技能。
在学校中培养学生独立思考和自由创新的能力，推崇“内行不如己行，外行多多益善”的原则。
而中国文化则更加注重集体和国家的教育，强调思想政治和道德教育，传承中华文化的精髓，推崇“行行出状元”的原则。
中国学生在学校中更多的修炼课外文化艺术方面的知识，例如书法，绘画，音乐等。
4. 消费观念西方文化和中国文化在消费观念方面也有很大的差异。
关于中西方婚礼礼仪习俗
关于中西方婚礼礼仪习俗中外结婚习俗的区别1.中国结婚礼仪传统新娘嫁妆中要有剪刀象征蝴蝶双飞，痰盂，即子孙桶，是多子多福的意思，铜盆及鞋意为同携到老。
2.西方结婚礼仪在古代的西方社会，新娘还需准备一些“旧、新、借、蓝”的东西。
“旧”是指新娘头上的白纱必须是母亲用过的旧纱，表示不忘父母的养育之恩;“新”指新娘的白色礼服必须是新的，它是纯洁童贞的象征;“借”是指新娘手里拿的手帕必须是从女朋友那借来的，表示不忘朋友的友谊之情;“蓝”是指新娘身上披的缎带必须是蓝色的，表示新娘对爱情的忠贞之情。
中外结婚方式的区别旧时代中国结婚的繁文缛节众多，男女婚姻大事依父母之命，经媒妁之言，历三书六礼的程序。
旧时贫富悬殊，以上所述系富庶和中等人家。
至于贫穷人家则用硬纸板剪个双喜字，贴上金纸，墙上一挂，一对花烛，一顶蹩脚花轿，便拜堂成亲。
比如繁缛的拜堂仪式毕，由两个小儇捧龙凤花烛导行，新郎执彩球绸带引新娘进入洞房。
脚须踏在麻袋上行走，一般为5只，也有10只麻袋，走过一只，喜娘等又递传于前接铺于道，入洞房后，按男左女右坐床沿，称“坐床”，由一名福寿双全妇人用秤杆微叩一下新娘头部，而后挑去“盖头篷”，意示“称心如意”，谓“请方巾”。
在外国各国结婚方式也各有不同，一般大家了解较多的是英国的结婚方式，一旦双方确立了恋爱关系，男方要送给女方订婚戒指并举行仪式，这种习俗遍及整个英国。
结婚或定婚戒指是许多民族的传统习俗，英格兰人在教堂里举行婚礼仪式时，新郎给新娘戴戒指是不可缺少的一项重要内容，人们甚至认为不戴戒指的婚姻是无效的。
当神父询问一对新人是否愿意做对方的妻子或丈夫、能否相互尊重、白头偕老后，新郎给新娘的无名指上戴上一枚戒指，它象征着丈夫对妻子的纯真爱情，同时妻子也表示接受并忠实于这种爱情。
传统婚礼礼仪新娘出嫁时戴“红盖头”坐轿子，当然那是过去。
现在出嫁一般是坐小轿车，穿婚纱戴“面纱”。
“盖头”和“面纱”同是一个同意，是在显示和代表新娘青春、贞洁和尊贵。
中西方餐桌礼仪的差异
中西方餐桌礼仪的差异：1、历史起源自古以来，中国就是“礼仪之邦”、“食礼之国”。
汉族传统的宴饮礼仪程序是：主人向客人发出请柬，届时主人在门口相迎。
出席的宾客也要互致问候，开席前客人先在客厅小坐，吃些茶点。
待客人到齐后一一就座，以左为上，相对上座的是二座，上座之下为三座。
等到客人都坐定之后，主人开始敬酒让菜。
敬酒时先敬长辈和主宾，最后才是主人。
这种传统的宴请礼仪在我国的大多数地方流传至今。
清代受西餐传入的影响，一些西餐礼仪也被引进，中西餐饮文化的交流，使得餐饮礼仪更加科学合理。
西方餐桌礼仪起源于法国，当时因着拜占庭文化启发，制定了一系列细致的礼仪。
在十七世纪以前，传统习惯是戴着帽子用餐。
在帝制时代，餐桌礼仪显得繁琐、严苛，不同民族有不一样的用餐习惯。
欧洲的餐桌礼仪由骑士精神演变而来。
在十二世纪，意大利文化流入法国，餐桌礼仪和菜单用语均变得更为优雅精致，教导礼仪的着作亦纷纷面世。
时至今日，餐桌礼仪还在欧洲国家继续传留下去。
西方家庭素有把餐桌当成课堂的习俗。
从孩子上餐桌的第一天开始，家长就对其进行餐桌礼仪的培养。
2、餐桌用语在中国，即使餐桌上的菜琳琅满目，主人也会说“菜很少，招待不周，还请大家多担待”；西方国家的主人则会很随便的说“help yourselves”，显得很自然随意。
同时中国的主人会不时往客人的碗里添布新菜，经常客人的碗被主人夹的菜装得满满的，但是在西方这是非常不礼貌的行为，主人的布菜会让客人觉得自己的意愿没有受到尊重。
3、餐具使用和摆放筷子刀叉是中西餐桌礼仪最基本差异。
在我国，北方多木，南方多竹，而筷子的主要原料就是木头和竹子。
而刀叉的起源与欧洲古代的游牧民有关，他们随身带刀，往往遇到猎物，用刀子割下来，烧熟了，用刀子分着吃。
大约到15世纪前后，为了改变进餐姿势，才慢慢开始使用叉子。
不同的餐具反映了不同的生活观念。
在中国，一家人坐在一起，用筷子合餐，体现了老老少少坐在一起的家庭单元，而西方人一开始就分吃，由此反映出西方人讲究独立子女长大后就独立闯世界的想法和习惯。
中西方礼仪文化的差异有哪些
中西方礼仪文化的差异有哪些随着我国改革开放的步伐日益加快，跨国交际日益增多，中西方礼仪文化的差异更是越发显露，这种差异带来的影响也是不容忽视!以下便是店铺为大家所带来的中西方礼仪文化的差异，希望各位会喜欢! 中西方礼仪文化的差异一、服饰礼仪的差异西方男士在正式社交场合通常穿保守式样的西装，内穿白衬衫，打领带。
他们喜欢黑色，因此一般穿黑色的皮鞋。
西方女士在正式场合要穿礼服套装。
另外女士外出有戴耳环的习俗。
西方国家，尤其是在美国，平时人们喜欢穿着休闲装，如T恤加牛仔服。
当今中国人穿着打扮日趋西化，传统的中山装、旗袍等已退出历史舞台。
正式场合男女着装已与西方并无二异。
在平时的市井生活中，倒会看到不少人穿着背心、短裤、拖鞋等不合礼仪的服饰。
礼仪是一种文化，是文化就有纵向的传承和横向的借鉴与融合。
随着世界全球化不断加快步伐，经济、文化高速碰撞融合的大背景下，西方文化大量涌进中国，中国传统礼仪也不断受到西方礼仪文化的冲击。
如何保护中华民族传统礼仪，并去其糟粕，与西方礼仪进行合理有效的融合，成为人们不断思考和探讨的话题。
越来越多的人认识到中西礼仪文化必将会互相渗透，不断发展。
就拿餐饮方面举例。
现在中国饮食市场上洋快餐和西餐占了很大的比重，越来越多的人开始尝试和接受这些外来食品。
麦当劳几乎代表了一种文化时尚，成为美国文化在餐饮领域的标志。
与此同时，法国的贵族文化，英国的绅士文化也随着饮食而涌入中国。
随着中西饮食文化的交流，不仅带来了蛋糕、面包、鸡尾酒等西式菜点，也带来了西方一些先进的制作工艺和饮食方法。
这些都为古老的中国饮食文化注入了新的活力。
当然我国悠久而灿烂的饮食文化在海外的影响也越来越大，几乎在世界各地都出现了大量的中国餐馆，中国菜日益受到各国人民的欢迎与喜爱。
比如北京烤鸭俨然已经成为外国人心中的地道美味。
但是在中西礼仪文化的融合过程中，中国人未免盲目热衷于西方，不自觉中陷入两个误区：其一，是拿西方的礼仪取代我们中华民族的传统礼仪。
中西方餐桌礼仪的差异是什么
中西方餐桌礼仪的差异是什么中西方餐桌礼仪的差异是什么大家都知道中西方文化有很大的差异，我们大家一起看看下面吧！中西方餐桌礼仪的差异是什么1.座次安排：中国的是：先请客人入座上席，再请长辈入座客人旁。
入座的时侯要从椅子的左边进入。
主人必须注意的一点是切不可让客人坐在靠近上菜的座位，此为一大忌。
如果是圆桌子，则对着大门的是主座。
现代较为流行的中餐宴饮礼仪，其座次借西方以右为上的法则，第一主宾坐在主人的右边，第二主宾坐在主人的左边或者第一主宾的右边。
在西方的中，女主人宣布晚宴准备就绪后，男主人引宾客依次就座，一般座位的安排以男女分隔而坐的原则，男主宾先就座，其位置在女主人的右边，而女主宾则在男主宾的右边，其他的夫妇则以对角方式入座。
2.上菜顺序：中餐的上菜顺序一般是先上凉菜、饮料或酒，然后是热菜、主食和汤，最后是水果和甜点。
而西方的上菜程序通常是：冷菜、海鲜、主菜、甜点、咖啡和水果。
冷菜也叫开胃小菜，作为第一道菜，一般和开胃酒并用。
3.餐具：中餐的'餐具主要有筷子、碟，碗、勺子等。
在正式的宴会上，水杯通常放在菜盘的左上方，酒杯放在菜盘右上方。
西餐的餐具主要有刀子、叉子、碗、盘子、碟子等。
4.餐巾：中餐在正式用餐前，服务员会为每人递上一·9·块热毛巾，它只能用来擦手，擦完手之后，应放回原来的盘子里，由服务员拿走，在宴会结束前，会再上一块湿毛巾用来擦嘴，千万不能用来擦汗、抹脸。
西餐中，餐巾放在盘子里，要么放在盘子的旁边。
5.停菜方法：在中餐结束时，筷子应整齐地放在靠碗右边的桌上，并应等客人们都放下筷子以后，主人示意离席后方可以离开，不能自己吃完了放下筷子就走，这样做是很没礼貌的表现。
而在西餐结束的时候，要将叉子的下面向上，刀子的刀刃侧向内与叉子并拢，平行地放在盘子上，而且要把柄放在盘子内以便于服务员收拾。
一声“hello”或按时间来分，说声“早上好!”“下午好!”“晚上好!”就可以了.西方人最常用的问候语大多有两类：第一，谈天气.如英国人见面说：“今天天气不错呵!”这是因为英国终年西风带的影响，大西洋吹来的潮温气流使得天气无常，就连天气预报也没准，因此人们最关系天气.第二，谈近况.但只局限于泛泛而谈，不涉及隐私，可以说：“最近好吗?”初次见面总要说：“认识你很高兴”之类的客套话.。
中国和西方文化礼仪的差异 The Differences between Chinese and Western Etiquette
中国和西方文化礼仪的差距摘要礼仪是人与人之间交流的规则是一种语言也是一种工具由于形成礼仪的重要根源――宗教信仰的不同使得世界上信仰不同宗教的人们遵守着各不相同的礼仪由于各国的历史和文化底蕴不同各国人民在进行礼尚交往时的习惯也有不少差异特别是中西方之间礼仪上的差异很大为了达到这种语言的共鸣中西方礼仪应该得到重视由此可见了解中西方交往的习惯差异是很有必要的往大处来说一个国家无论是在政治上还是在经济贸易中了解对方国家的礼仪习惯将有利于各国之间的交往随着中西方文化的不断发展中西方的礼仪正在相互融合西方人逐渐接受了中国文化中重情感等合理因素中国人也逐渐接受了西方文化中先进文明的礼仪和交往方式我们得承认当今国际通行的礼仪基本上是西方礼仪为此本文探讨研究了中西方礼仪的差异为了减少中西方文化礼仪上的差距使中西方人们之间的交往更加容易本文通过对中西方各个方面文化礼仪的不同展开讨论差距是有取其精华进行中外文化礼仪上的上的交流和沟通学习关键词：礼仪差异中国的礼仪西方的礼仪AbstractEtiquette is the rules of communication between people and it is a language but also a tool Since the formation of a major source of ritual –the difference of religious beliefs what making the world believe in different religions that people follow a different liturgical As different countries with different historical and cultural heritage Needless to say there are many differences in habits when people of all countries dealing during the ceremony Particularly in the etiquette between Western and Chinese is very large in order to achieve the resonance of the language the differences should be taken seriouslyThis shows that the habit of understanding between Chinese and Western communication is necessary Look at the big run a country both in politics or in economy and trade to understand the ritual habits of the other country it will be conducive to the exchanges between the countries With the continuous development of Chinese and western culture the Chinese and western etiquette is mutual confluence and westerners gradually accepted in Chinese culture such as heavy emotion and reasonable factors and the Chinese also gradually accepted the western culture advanced civilization etiquette and communication mode We must admit that todays international etiquette is basically the etiquette of western therefore this paper studied the differences between Chinese and western etiquette In order to reduce the gap between the Chinese andwestern culture etiquette make the interaction between Chinese and western people more easily This article discusses on various aspects of differences between Chinese and western culture etiquette Athough there are many differences and we should extrct its essence we can take a tall on chinese and wester cultural ceremonial exchanges and communication and learningKey words：Etiquette Differences Chinese etiquette Western etiquetteChapter one IntroductionEtiquette is people in social interactions as it is due to historical tradition customsreligious beliefs and the trend of The Times that the formation of the influence of such factors Both for people identity and for the people had to follow For the purpose of establishing harmonious relationsand the sum of the various line with the spirit and requirements of ritual code of conduct First we must understand the different etiquette is based on their cultural roots The Concept of Etiquette and the Reasons for Studying Etiquette Etiquette is the process and means to show waht respect to each other in interpersonal relationship Etiquette can be said to be a persons external appearance of inward cultivation and quality From the aspect of communication interpersonal etiquette can be regarded as a kind of art and a method of communication It is a common respect for person and a friendly practice in interpersonal relationshipsFrom the respect of transmitting interpersonal rituals can be roughly divided into chief etiquette business etiquette service etiquette social etiquette foreign etiquette and several other major branchesAn important reason that different countries have different histories and cultures there are a lot of differences in the habit of conducts and the ceremony especially between China and the West the jokes and the mistakes caused by misunderstanding is not unusual This shows that theunderstanding of the different etiquettes between Chinese and the Westerners is absolutely necessary In the office to understand each others customer will be conductive to the exchanges between the countries A person who understands others rituals and folk customs can be seen as respecting for others and can be easier to make a good impression on the other side Along with the constant development of Chinese culture and the Western culture Chinese ritual and the Western ritual are fusions The Westerners have accepted the reasonable factors in Chinese culture and other important feelings Chinese people have gradually accepted the advanced civilization of the Western culture and etiquette style However in real life the etiquettes impact due to cultural differences between China and the West still exists The paper explores the differences between Chinese etiquette and the Western etiquette to make Chinese communicate with the Westerners more easilyThe Origin of Chinese EtiquetteIn China etiquette is equal to courtesy and ceremony The essence of etiquette is the method of dealing with people and the belief in ghosts and spirits People consider that all things are controlled by the ghosts which can not be seen Therefore the etiquette is originated from the belief in ghosts and spirits as well as a special form of belief in ghosts and spirits China is a state of ceremonies Back to five thousand years ago etiquette used to be the core of traditional culture Up to now the etiquette has been really reformed Thusit becomes rituals of modern civilization Chinese etiquette in Chinese culture plays a quasi-legal role Etiquettes origins can be traced back to the early time of human beings It should be said that at the very beginning of the history of the Chinese nation etiquette was generated along with the human activities and with a primitive religion Etiquette is the system to deal with the three relationships among the people God and the ghosts It is said that there were five ceremonies in ancient China In fact etiquette can be divided into two main parts one is politics and the other is life Chinese legal system was bred during the establishment and implementation of the protocol The essence of etiquette is the way how to deal with people and the belief in ghosts and spiritsOur group culture attaches great importance to the family friends relationship regard it as of society cells But in western countries advocating independence self-improvement and self-reliance Chinese people value their traditional favorable king-subject honestly seniority hierarchical while in Anglo-American countries elders and junior dont dispute between equal status with young boundaries friends Chinese traditional ideas always advocating "four generations" "family reunion" has a "parents not in the words ancient preceptIn the Western countries the word etiquette used to mean keep off the grass Louis XIVs 路易十四gardener noticed that the aristocrats were walking through his gardens and then he put up signs etiquetteto warn them off The dukes and duchesses walked right past these signs Due to this blatant disregard the king of Versailles decreed that no individual was to go beyond the bounds of the etiquettes The meaning of etiquette would later include the ticket to court functions that lists the instructions on which a person would stand and what was to be done Etiquette like language has evolved but it still means literally keep off the grass Until the 1960s the importance of good manners was taught without question but with the liberated 70s it came a decline in the popularity of teaching proper etiquette In 2004 a new emphasis has been placed on returning to traditional values Proper etiquette and protocol have given children and adults a vital tool that provides not only a competitive edge but a sense of confidenceTravel" While in Anglo-American countries 18 children still lives at home depend on their parents life is incredible things they must rely on our own hands to live independently Similarly older parents even lost self-care ability general wont drag childrenThe Integration between Chinese and the Western EthicsIn modern society it seems that the world is getting smaller and smaller people are very active in frequent exchanges Human decency plays the basic role of social ethics It is the part which is the most straightforward and the easiest to operate during the process of globalization It has become a code of conduct guidelines and the ceremony together with the goal of establishing a harmoniousrelationship in social intercourse The international etiquette combines ritual characteristics of various countries and people and can be understood by the people of different countries and nations International etiquette can be shared by more and more different cultures and customs because etiquette itself is a cultural phenomenon Culture includes both ideas and customs and both spiritual habits and physical habits The etiquette obviously has the cultural identity which combines ideas and customs habits of mind and bodies It reflects the sense of the organic unity of moral and ethical behaviors Therefore many countries are paying great attention to combining international etiquette with national etiquette creatively Individual Freedom and TeamworkThe Westerners cherish individual freedom and independence They are not willing to be subjected to any limitation Chinese culture mostly emphasizes on collective interests They subordinate their personal interests to advocate collective interests They advocate unity cooperation and unisonThis means that etiquette in the Western and Chinese society is in a more appropriate locationChapter two Differences in several aspectThe differences of daily communicationDaily to greet Chinese people mostly used to say Did you eat " "Where are you going "etc It reflects the interpersonal kindness But for westerners this greeting will make them feel suddenly embarrassed even unhappy because westernerswill put this friendly greeting that just for Chinese to understand the "questioned" it means they are questioned because something and they feel others in their private lives In a word the behaviour make them feel uncomfortableIn the west daily to greet they only say "Hello" or due to the time saying "good morning" "Good afternoon" and"Good night" it is ok The Englishman meet you and he would say "it is a fine day today"If you are not very busy when you meet the people who are strangeryou can say "hello" and the answer to you should also be "hello" If someone want to shake hands with you of course you should shake hands with him and the same time you must remember to refuse to shake hands is very impolite Usually by older or the woman first give the hand On the appellation in Chinese only between several best friend and very closed people can directly call " first names" But in the west the rang of people directly call" first names" is wider than it in China In the west commonly used "sir" and "madam" represent the people who is a stranger you dont know the name You can call ten or twenties woman "young lady"and married women could be called "lady" etc Between family members it can absolutely regardless of degress generally can call the name each othe In the homethey can directly call father and mothers names For all the male elders they can call "uncle"and to all female elders they can call "aunt" It is in China is no good Chinese people mustdistinguish degress young and old otherwise they will be thinked of impoliteGenerally speaking you really cant accept the invitation you can politely declined to say you cant go and explain the reason Just say "I cant go to" or "I dont go to" is not polite Say "sorry" is not enough Just say "thank you" it can make the person puzzlinghe dont know you exactly mean wether you accept the invitation or decline the invitationWhen you meet people firstly you usually shake hands In addition long-lost friends when we meet and we usually shake hands However when they met and dont shake hands with a bow slightly bow and a smileit is also very politeChinese and western languages have many different farewell laguages If you farewell to patients Chinese people will say the word of"drink more water" "put on more clothes"and "sleep early" and so on to express the carefullness to patient But westerners never say that words such as "drink more water" because this words will be thought the backseat driver For example they will say "take care" or "I hope you will soon recover" etcDining etiquette differenceChinese people have a words that called "People regard food as their heave "民以食为天thus diet in the Chinese idea ia very important so Chinese people look the daily diet as their top thing Chinese dishes are exquisitely prepared deliciousChinese peoplepay more attation to food color smell taste shape meaning sometimes more than on nutrition to pay attention toBoth we think of foods delicious and beautifuland the nutrition is always be ignored Western diet attach importance to rang in food nutritions and absorptionit is a science diet idea Westerners pay more attention to the foods nutrition and neglect of the food color fragrance taste shape meaningTheir diet is to survive and health it seems does not important to tasteIn the dining atmosphereall of the Chinese like lively mood while their have a dinner Many people sit together to eat and drinkthey are talking and laughing Everybody together to build a kind of a warmly lively dining atmosphereExpect it is in a very formal banquets Chinese people have not very special etiquette on the table While the westerners in the dinner all of them like quiet and gracful environment They think they must pay attention to manners when they are on the table and not to lose courtesy For instance when they have a meal and can not with a very unpleasant soundWhen Chinese and western host a dinner it also has its own characteristics In China most of them base on the left for honour throughout the ages When fete guests we will firstly arrange the honorest guest seat on the left positionand arrange others in turn In the west right is for honour men and women seat interval and the couple also separatly seat Female guests seats is slightly more honour than male guests seatsfor the man he ready for the chair to the woman in his right is to show his respect In addition westerners have meal must sit upright they think bend down with the mouth gather to food is very rude but this is exactly the way Chinese people usually to eat Eatting western-style food owners do not advocate drink the more alcohol in Chinas table wine is essential thing With the wine drinking sometimes in order to show respect for each other and drinking the wine upChinese table is lively western table is quiet Chinese people want to use words and deeds to advised friends to drink and eat westerners just using the words to advise In the Chinese history Wine culture is regarded as business make friends and so on the social occasions essentials In the westpeople usually drink beer wine and they dont like urge others to drink In China the banquet demands to have dishes in a tablewhile westerners think it is not health practicing separate eating When Chinese banquetsthey toast each other and dance and sing Westerner requires less noise and less action and there is many dining programsDress etiquette differenceWestern man usually wear a conservative style suit in formal social occasions they wear white shirt and tie inside They like black so they usually wear black leather shoes Western lady usually wear a dress suits in formal occasions Another custom is woman wear earrings when they go out Western countries especially in the United States people like to wear leisure clothes at ordinary times such asT-shirts with jeansTodays Chinese dress increasingly westernized more and more people change their ideasjust as traditional qipao 旗袍and ZhongShanZhuang中山装and so on have withdrawn from the stage of history Formal occasions men and womens dressing have noting difference with the west In the usual civic lifeyou can see many people wear vest shorts and slipperswhich are not keep up with etiquette In all ages dress represents a kind of social culture which embodies a persons knowledge and aesthetics it is a persons identity temperament and the inherent quality wordless recommendation In a sense the dress is an art dress can convey emotion and meaning that isnt even use words can replace In different situations dressing oneself appropriately and moderately people give a person a favourable impression and dressing inappropriately then lower the ones identity and damage his own image In a social situation appropriate dress is a polite behavior to a certain extent it directly influences the interpersonal harmonyInflunce factors of the dressing effects the important one is to have a culture and elegant aesthetic ability the so-called "Knowledge makes a gentleman"腹有诗书气自华Second it has a sports bodybuilding quality Strong and handsome body is natural condition for dressing beauty Third is to grasp ordinary knowledge of dressing dress principle and dress etiquette knowledge this is indispensable conditions that reaching the inside and outsideharmonious and unified beautyWesterners pay attention to identity they ragard the clothes as the symbolwhile Chinese pay attention to lasting appeal 韵味If the western dress culture painstakingly pursue to performance beauty and totally ignore the dress ethics so China dress culture retains some moral systems more or less because it was affected by the traditional ethical values But the most representative dress is our countrys ZhongShanZhuang and western representative outfit is suitWearing the Maosuits 中山装not only we must buckle on all the buttons but also must be fastened collar button and rolling up sleeves is not allowed When wearing the double platoon suit you must buckle on all the buttons Wear single side three tablets buckle suit only can buckle up one button or two buttons that medium and first clasp Wear single side two claps suit only buckle up one button and dont allow to buckle on single-breasted suits all the button When wearing a suit the proper wear is white shirts and a tie the standard length of the tie is its foot arrive the straps bottomGenerally speaking Clothes makes the manand saddle makes a horse 人靠衣装马靠鞍Although judging a man only by his appearance is not pleasant 以貌取人不可取but in the modern life dress become an more and more important part of etiquette and dress properly or not not only is the embodiment of the individual grade more it can become the scale ofthe consideration that people to each other a of The great British author Shakespeare had said "A mans dress which is the most true portraiture of his upbringing grade and the status" 一个人的衣着是他的教养地位品味的最真实写照So in daily work and interactions especially in the formal occasions and dress is a problem that is more and more important and we are modern people pay more attentionBackground difference between China and WesternThe eastern civilization and western civilization is boring and developing in certain social historical conditions without which is excellent or worse The history of the west it is only 200 yearsa very short history and its people from various places and they came here to immigrateso many different nationalities and races got togetherThey embrace the oath "As long as what we can dream of what we will be able to realize 只要是我们能够梦想的我们都能实现" This is the western spirit which was built by the foundation of heroism and devotion With it just 200 years history could creat the splendid civilization in humans history the productive forces it have created highly more than all the productivity that all the past generation had created this is western charm What makes different of etiquette between Chinese and western is the eastern and western culture different environment and it is the root cause It makes the people of all countries have a totally different moral standards system and valuesThe difference between Chinese and western ideasEastern culture value collective and teamly spirit peoples dependence is very strong While western culture advocating independence and individual freedom For example China focus on cultivating individual moral characterrunning the family unisonmanage the nation in orderand peace will prevail throughout the universe 修身齐家治国平天下The personality is vital and this kind of personality is built on caring about the country love the collective harmonious family interpersonal harmony and so on basic thingsWhile people in the west their concept of legal system is stronger In this premise they advocate personal freedom and dont wish to be disturb from the government the church or other organizations they all like persist themselves old ways 我行我素In the family children were taught by concept that a infusion of self-reliance Young people are always hoped themselves can independent early and try to get rid of parents bundle they dont want to rely on family and parents otherwise they will lose freedom and lose others respect for them On this point Chinese culture is differentFamily is the most attentional collective life in China Parents cherish their children more than themselves lives and extremely want to ready everything and whatever they thought of for the children When children grew up and married parents would held a big wedding feast for theirchildren when the child has their own baby who is their grandson they will sacrifice their old ages to take care of her grandson namely they give all hope on their childrenand take care of the children over care is proved their children self-dependence ability is poor even in todays China which a planned economy to a market economy In the transition state-owned company worker extremely unwilling to loss the so called "iron rice bowl" 铁饭碗the dependence is the heritage of traditional Chinese culture The cultural differences between Chinese and western ideas which result in great difference between Chinese and western etiquette and there is a big foundamental differenceChinese and western to privacy different viewsIn the conversations remembering not to talk about personal business such as age marriage income religion etc Seeing that others buy things cannot ask its price If you see others return also cannot ask where he gone or where he is from otherwise they will disgust at you usually western use the sentence of "nose come into the somebodys private life " to express their disparagement to the people who askedWhile in China people take littal attention to boundaries of privacy people would not care about others in their own lives and not take any behavior to people who want to get a general understanding But between Chinese and American people Chinese always take very common words to ask each other familys life Americans might think you violated hisprivacy having a hidden purpose and a business would probably have be killedWhen Chinese people meet we often like noding heads and shaking hands or to salute with the hands folded 拱手致礼or slightly take a bow欠身then shake hands while the Westerners think the bow seemed inferior In the West especially in European and American countries hugging ritual is very common manners when you meet and leave kissing faces and kiss the hand ritual are also very common manners among westerners Shake hands date from western human half-barbaric half civilized period Today this habit gradually is regarded as meet and leaves shaking riyual and it have been accepted by most countries in the word In our country the handshake ritual not only it is often used when people meet and leave but also it is as a common behavior in congratulations and appreciate or encourage each other and so on some occasions So it is the most widely used etiquette in social communication The etiquette of meeting and leaving grandually evolve to today is "hello" and "goodbye" two phrases If we want to give more polite behavior we will shake hands again with each other In the disease popular today this habits of shaking hands which shows to us is more concise health and decent However in western countries meet will first touch the face kissing ritual and kiss the hand ritual this let us very uncomfortable and also cannot accept itDifferences in educationEtiquette education in China is deeply influenced by cultural and moral decency in the prominent position etiquette education in China emphasizes the moral law of etiquette education and the integration of practice etiquette education in China shows characteristics of a strong state intervention While in the west the combination of Etiquette Education and Moral Education of School Ceremonies can be found in moral education of the Western countries that etiquette is the major subject of moral education On the moral lesson in many countries people often teach students the etiquette knowledge in direct way The Western countries pay attention to comprehensive permeability of moral education rather than forcefully indoctrinate Etiquette education is not accepted They are generally not allowed to insist on instilling certain values They think the values of education can not be limited to a few hours teaching in a day but they pay attention to diversifying the form of moral education in schoolsIn educational culture there are many differences in various educational level between Chinese and western developed countries and responesd in different forms Untill today higher education of the differences between two countries is more and more wide In American universities according to the individual elective subjects the students can imply credit system 学分制Different subjects its credits is different as long as a student fufill enough credits who can graduate and get diplomasand degrees Previously we can see from relevant newspapers in the United States the student obtained several degrees this is normal Now we can understand American university system is very flexible college students studying at the college can learns a few professional course and just take enough credits they would be able to obtain the professional degreeWhile in Chinese universities where just confirmed professional direction a persons life his only lifetime is engaged in a profession it is possible to ignore his potentials in other respects And some aspects of language in Chinese education also different with westerns In China there are "差学生" but in America it is not this word they think it is considered bad mannersthis is a form of discriminationIn the thinking mode the Chinese thinking are abstract westerners is more specific The Chinese way of thinking from is from large to small such as address from a national provincial municipal and county township and village etc which embodies the overall thinking of the Chinese orders namely nature and human in a whole coexsitence of human and nature 天人合一world On the contrary westerners are from small to large from point to surface they think the whole is made up by parts The same way but not the same content and results which allows us to ponder Different of religionBuddhism佛教was introduced into China for more than a thousand years people believe in that there is "the Lord Buddha" 佛祖in the world and this related to many languages suchas 借花献佛"平时不烧香急来抱佛脚" etc The influence of religion in the western society is profound it involves in political economic social and all aspects of life especially of Christian cultures influence on English countries is more deep and rooted In in many western countries especially in Britain people believe in Christianity 基督教and they always says"God help me" They always get marrige in church Chapter three Theoritical Foundations1 Important Symbol of Human CivilizationProtocol is the product of the historical development of social etiquette It has distinctive characteristics of the times People have different understanding of the content of the protocol in different ages for different ethnic awareness The definition which is the origin of the earliest civilization culture is generally not in doubt Etiquette is the standard of human civilization It is also an important part of the community A nation which has a good quality of the nation is a polite and compliant one The formation of educational attainments is a gradual process Therefore every country in the world considers doing things properly as a symbol of civilization2 The Immortal Essence of the Western CivilizationModern etiquette is evolved from the traditional rituals The ceremony combines with criteria and become immoral essence of the Western civilization Along with the development of the times the nations and the。
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简论中国传统礼仪与西方礼仪的异同
院专：管理工企班级：1201
学号：12432822152126 姓名：刘家富
摘要：自古以来，中西方文化存在的差异早已被人认知，我们知道由于历史、政治、地理位臵、宗教信仰等因素的不同，导致了各国、各地区的文化出现了不同。
文化差异的具体体现在各个方面，尤其在语言中，本文章主要介绍了文化一词的定义，文化差异在语言中的表现，以及在翻译中存在的文化差异，如何处理等等。
关键词：文化差异；日常交际；礼仪。
中国正以飞速的发展与世界接轨，跨国交际日益增多。
中国与西方国家的接触越来越多。
中（东）西方文化存在着较大的差异。
由此也对交际礼仪方面有一定的影响。
在中（东）西方文化都非常重视人际交往。
但交往的观念交往的方式都有着明显的差别。
一、打招呼
中国人路遇熟人总爱寒暄道：“吃饭了吗？”“到哪儿去？”“上班呀？”等。
在我们看来这是一种有礼貌的打招呼用语，而若你跟西方人这样打招呼“Haveyou had your meal？”“Whereare you going？”他们则会认为你想请他吃饭或者干涉其私事，会引起误解。
西方人见面，通常招呼道：“Hello！”“How do yo u do！”“Niceday,isn’tit？”
二、感谢
对于别人的赞扬，中国人通常表示谦虚，并有一套谦虚之词，象“惭愧”、“哪里”、“寒舍”、“拙文”等。
而西方人总是高兴地回答“thankyou”以表接受。
中国人用“谢谢”的场合较西方人少，尤其是非常亲近的朋友和家庭成员之间不常说“谢谢。
”而西方人整天把“thank you”挂在嘴边，即使是亲朋好友和家庭成员之间也常如此。
中国人收到礼物时往往放在一边，看也不看（生怕人家说贪心）。
而西方人收到礼物时要当着客人的面马上打开并连声称好。
三、招待客人
中国人殷勤好客，一杯杯地斟酒，一遍遍地上菜，客人不吃不行，不喝也不行，使西方人觉得难以对付。
而西方人的习惯是：Helpyourself，Please！中国人送客人时，主人与客人常说：“慢走！”“小心点！”“再见，走好啊！”“你们进去吧！”“请留步”等。
而西方人只说：“ ByeBye””Seeyou later！””Seeyou next time ！””Goodnight！”
四、节日礼仪
中国和英语国家的文化差异还显著地表现在节日方面。
除中国和英语国家共同的节日（如,New Ye ar’s Day）处，双方还各有自己独特的日。
中国有：the Spring Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, Mid—Autu m n Day.等，英语国家有”V a l e n t i n e’s Day （情人节），Easter（复活节），April fool’sDay（愚人节），Thanks
Giving Day（感恩节），Christmas Day（圣诞节）等。
中西方节日的风俗习惯也很不相同。
在节日里，对于别人送来的礼物，中国人往往要推辞一番，表现得无可奈何地接受，接受后一般也不当面打开。
如果当面打开并喜形于色，可能招致“贪财”的嫌疑。
而在英语文化中，人们对别人送的礼品，一般都要当面打开称赞一番，并且欣然道谢。
五、词汇语言的文化
英语词汇在长期使用中积累了丰富的文化内涵，所以在教学中要注意对英语词汇的文化意义的介绍，以防学生单纯地从词汇本身做出主观评价。
比如r ed一词，无论在英语国家还是在中国，红色往往与庆祝活动或喜庆日子有关，里有“red—letter days”（节假日）。
尤其在中国，红色象征革命和社会主义等积极意义，但在英语中“red”还意味着危险状态或使人生气，如“redflag”（引人生气的事）。
还有当看到商业英语中的“inthe red”，别以为是盈利，相反，是表示亏损，负债。
在教学中，文化教育的方法是多种多样的，教师应该采用灵活多变的方法提高学生对文化的敏感性，培养文化意识，使他们能主动地，自学地吸收并融入新的文化环境中。
比如：加强中西方文化差异的比较，将中西文化在称呼，招呼语等等谈话题材和价值观念等方面的差异自觉自然地渗透到教学中。
又如：利用多种渠道，多种手段，吸收和体验异国文化。
可以收集一些英语国家的物品和图片，让学生了解外国艺术，历史和风土人情等。
总之，中西方的文化存在着很多差异，在英语教学中不能只单纯注意语言教学，而必须加强语言的文化导入，重视语言文化差异对语言的影响。
只有这样，才能在实际中正确运用语言。
六、文化等级观念
中（东）方文化等级观念强烈。
无论是在组织里，还是在家庭里，忽略等级、地位就是非礼。
尽管传统礼制中的等级制度已被消除，但等级观念至今仍对东方文化产生影响。
在中国，传统的君臣、父子等级观念在中国人的头脑中仍根深蒂固。
父亲在儿子的眼中、教师在学生的眼中有着绝对的权威，家庭背景在人的成长中仍起着相当重要的作用。
另外，中国式的家庭结构比较复杂，传统的幸福家庭是四代同堂。
在这样的家庭中，老人帮助照看小孩，儿孙们长大后帮助扶养老人，家庭成员之间互相依赖，互相帮助，密切了亲情关系。
在西方国家，除了英国等少数国家有着世袭贵族和森严的等级制度外，大多数西方国家都倡导平等观念。
特别在美国，崇尚人人平等，很少人以自己显赫的家庭背景为荣，也很少人以自己贫寒出身为耻，因他们都知道，只要自己努力，是一定能取得成功的。
正如美国一句流行的谚语所言：“只要努力，牛仔也能当总统。
”（If working hard, even cowboy can be president.）在家庭中，美国人不讲等级，只要彼此尊重，父母与子女可直呼其名。
他们的家庭观念往往比较淡薄，不愿为家庭做出太多牺牲。
当然，中西方文化的不同导致的礼仪上的差异还有很多，比如服饰礼仪、进餐礼仪，秘书礼仪等等，由于篇幅等多方面的制约，在此不能一一深入探讨。
总之，中西方之间有各自的文化习惯，由此也产生了不少不同的交往习惯。
因此，随着我国进入W T O经济的发展和对外交流、贸易的不断增加，我们不但有必要在与外国人交往或者前往别的国家去之前，了解对方国家的礼仪习惯，而且必须加强专业礼仪人才的培养，提高全民礼仪意识，这不仅是对对方的尊重，也给我们自己带来了便利，不但能避免了不必要的麻烦与误会，还能在现代社会的多方竞争中争取主动，取得良好的结果或效益。
2013年12月24日。