过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语The final revision was on November 23, 2020过去分词作定语和表语一、过去分词作定语★及物动词的过去分词作定语时，一般表被动的和完成的动作；而不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，只表示完成的动作。
如：Joe always has milk and fried egg for breakfast.How much does the finished product costThe path is covered by fallen leaves.My new neighbour is a seventy-three-year-old retired teacher from?Florida.★单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词之后，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
如：You can use fresh or frozen fish.What is the language spoken in that country = What is the language that is spoken in that countryThe play put on by the teachers was a big success. = The play that had been put on by the teachers was a big success.注意：★如果被修饰的词是由every / some / any / no + thing / body / one所构成的复合代词时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词之后。
如：There isn't anything left in that desk.★过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号隔开。
如：Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, have never seen a train. = Some of them, who were born and brought up in rural villages, have never seen a train. 【拓展】done, to be done和being done作定语的区别：它们都可作定语，表示被动意义，但时间含义上有所不同。
何韦(语法)过去分词作定语和表语
e.g.：How I regretted the hours
wasted in the woods!
e.g.： I like this kind of
wcleoathri．ng
clothes
made
of
e.g.：The books written by Mo Yan are popular．
e.hg.u：ndWreed’sllogfoyteoarvsisaitgtoh．e bridge built
She looked w_o_rr_ied.
IHaemw—ainstl_e—or_sets—itnedthinouthghetb. ook. The door remained l_oc_k_ed_.
• •
TThheeystgoortym—isa—erxrcieitdinfigv.eYyoeuaarsreage_xo_c. it_ed
一个受伤的手指 an injured finger 一枚破损的硬币 a broken coin 一支点燃的蜡烛 a lighted candle
注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有 被动意义。
e.g. : spoken English英语口语
written exercises 书面练习
少数表示位移或状态改变的 不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义
• We were __b_o_r_e_d_(bore) at the football V-ginagm作e. 表语修饰物，翻译为“令人感到---”
V-ed 作表语修饰人，翻译为“感到---”P(17)
1. As we joined the big crowd , I got _____ from my friends
语法-过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语Q：神马是动词的过去分词？A：①②一、过去分词作定语。
①动词的过去分析作定语的意义；a respected guest a risen suna retired worker the broken glassconclusion: 过去分词作定语的意义是表& 。
②动词的过去分析作定语的位置；fallen leaves retired workers the risen sunThe computer centre, opened last year, is very popular among young people.The bridge built 2000 years ago is in good condition now.conclusion: 单个的过去分词作定语，往往放在被修饰的名词的；过去分词短语往往放在被修饰的名词的。
翻译下列短语或句子：一个被宠坏的孩子：一次有组织的旅行：交通事故造成的死亡：一本被英语老师写的书：③过去分词作定语与定语从句的关系。
We all like the lectures that are given by Mr. Song.=>We all like the lectures given by Mr. Song.译：The bridge which was built 2000 years ago is in good condition now.=> The bridge built 2000 years ago is in good condition now.译：conclusion：把定语从句中的和省去之后，便成为了；因此过去分词短语与定语从句可以。
把下列定语从句变为过去分词短语作定语,并翻译。
①Let’s try the bookstore that was opened last year.②Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.③Yesterday, the President went to visit the workers who had retired.④The United States is a country which has developed.⑤He told us the great wrong which had been done to him.⑥We must keep a secret of the things which is being discussed here.⑦Please tell me the subjects which will be discussed at the next meeting.EXERCISE:1.一直迷路的羊2.英语口语3.一名退休的教师4.发达国家5.鲁迅写的书很受欢迎PRACTICE：1.I found this plate on the floor. The plate was broken in pieces.2.I looked at that modern abstract(抽象的) painting. It was colored in yellows and greens.3.Yesterday I got the answer to my question on the Internet. It was the one I expected.4.She is one of my friends. She is devoted to my interests.5.On the doorstep I found a lot of bottled. They were marked in green ink.6.We saw many windows in that room. They were all cracked.二、过去分词作表语。
过去分词作定语、表语考点透析
——The key ________ the problem is to meet the demand ________ by the customers.
A. to solving; making
B. to solving; made
C. to solve; making
D. to solve; made
The window is broken. （状态）
The window was broken by Tom. （动作）
实战演练：
1. The water in this glass is too hot. I prefer some cold ________ water.
A. having written B. to be written
C. being written D. written
10. ——How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?
A. pleasing B. please
C. pleased D. to please
7. Prices of daily goods _______ through a computer can be lower than store prices.
A. published
B. was published
C. having publi. The great hall was crowded with many people, ________ many children ________ on their parents’ laps.
过去分词作定语和表语
如果遇到复杂的句子结构，可以先简化句子，找出主干部分，再逐步添加 其他成分。
THANKS
表示状态、性质或特征描述
状态描述
过去分词可以表示主语所处的 状态，如“The window is
broken.”（窗户破了。）中 的“broken”表示窗户的状态。
性质描述
过去分词可以描述主语的性质， 如“She is interested in
music.”（她对音乐感兴趣。） 中的“interested”表示她的 性质。
01
观察句子结构，确定过去分词 短语在句中的作用，是作为定 语还是表语。
02
如果是定语，需要判断其与所 修饰名词之间的关系，主动关 系用现在分词，被动关系用过 去分词。
03
如果是表语，需要注意与主语 的逻辑关系，以及时态和语态 的一致性。
技巧二：注意时态、语态和主谓一致问题
在使用过去分词作定语或表语时，需要注意句子的时态和语态，确保过去 分词的形式与句子的时态和语态相符。
在使用过去分词时，需要结合具体的语境进行判断。通过分析上下文语境和逻辑关系，可以更准 确地理解句子的意思并选择合适的表达方式。
06
实战演练与技巧分享
练习题：识别并改正错误使用过去分词现象
错题1
The book, written by a famous writer, are very popular.
05
常见误区及注意事项
混淆现在分词与过去分词形式
要点一
误将现在分词用作定语
现在分词具有主动意义，表示动作正在进行或与谓语动作 同时发生，而过去分词则表示被动或完成意义。因此，在 需要表示被动或完成意义时，应使用过去分词而非现在分 词。
必修5_unit1_过去分词作定语和表语(上课用)
B. to be written
C. written
D. being written
was constructed in only 2 year.
练习二 单句改错
1. They were all amusing at what he said.
2. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won.
3. The situation was a bit discouraged.
depressing ~ depressed
Fill in the blank with proper words.
1. A. Nobody was interested in the story he told. B. The story he told was very interesting .
people addicted to drugs
a novel written by Luxun the advice given to the patient an old man supported by his son a school built for orphans
单个过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing,
( interested, interesting )
2. A. Everybody was excited to hear the news.
B. The news is very exciting indeed.
( excited, exciting ) 3. A. The result of the test was rather disappointing.
过去分词作定语,表语,宾语补足语
过去分词作定语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。
从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有动词，形容词或副词的特性，可在句中充当定语，表语，宾语补足语或状语。
考点1. 过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置1）单个过去分词：一般情况下。
单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
有时为了表示强调，也可放在所修饰词之后。
A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
（谚语）Money spent is more than money earned。
花的钱比挣的钱多。
2）过去分词短语：过去分词短语往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后。
This will be the best novel of its kind of ever written. 这部小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。
This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 这就是战斗中受伤的战士。
真题链接After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______.A. providingB. providedC. have providedD. provide2.过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义1）及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受着，且该动作已经完成。
The question discussed yesterday. 昨天讨论的那个问题。
The person killed last year. 去年被杀的那个人。
2）不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。
Autumn comes, and there are many fallen leaves in the yard. 秋天来了，院子里有许多落叶。
When I got up and went into the yard, I saw the risen sun. 当我起床并走进院子时，我看到太阳已经升起来了。
过去分词作定语和表语的用法
2．过去分词作定语时的意义 (1)及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在 时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。 He is a teacher respected by all. 他是个人人尊敬的老师。(表被动)
This is the question discussed yesterday. 这是昨天讨论的问题。(表被动和完成) (2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只 强调动作完成。 fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起的太阳 a retired teacher 一位退休教师
and soon the affected person died.
定语
⑤He was determined to find out why.
表语
⑥He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty
water from London.
注意：英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词
表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其
过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来
指人、人的声音或表情等。
常用的这类词有：
exciting令人激动的
astonishing令人惊讶的
excited 激动的；兴奋的 astonished惊讶的
(2)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①You cannot accept an opinion _o_f_fe_r_e_d___ (offer) to you unless it is based on facts. ②Tsinghua University, _f_o_u_n_d_e_d__(found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
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Change the past participle into an attributive clause.
or 被动 Vt. or Vi. ？ Discovery 4： 主动 及物 动词最常见， 过去分词要出现，_____ 被动 记心间。 它的作用很简单，表示_____
Goodbye If you miss the train I am on, gone (go). you will know that I am ______ fallen (fall) leaves on the Watching the ______ ground, falling (fall) listening to the sound of the ______ rain, I say “dear my friend, see you around”.
inspiring
情感类动词
过去分词
现在分词
interested interest inspired inspire amaze amazed bore bored surprise surprised disappoint disappointed
interesting inspiring amazing boring surprising disappointing
Imitating(模仿) my description of Deng Chao, write three or more sentences to describe your topic and you must use past participle as attribute or predicative. A member comes to the front and reads the description and the other students guess who he/she is or what it is.
过去分词真容易，动词后面加ed, 1. 部分动词不规则，我们需要特殊记。 它的作用真不小，今天学习定和表。
To my birthday
Lighted candles, smiling faces, I made a wish buried in my heart for years. I wish I could heal the wounded earth. No polluted water, no grey sky, No disaster caused by wars, No place struck by earthquakes, No people tortured(折磨) by hunger.
前 很好找。 单个分词作定语，名词之___ 后 ，记住这点错不了。 分词短语名词___
过去分词真容易，动词后面加ed, D 1. 部分动词不规则，我们需要特殊记。 它的作用真不小，今天学习定和表。 I
S C O V E R Y
单个分词作定语，名词之前很好找。 2. 分词短语名词后，记住这点错不了。
rising sun _______
risen sun ______
developing a ____________ country
USA
developed a ____________ country
D I S C O V E R Y
过去分词真容易，动词后面加ed, 1. 部分动词不规则，我们需要特殊记。 它的作用真不小，今天学习定和表。
Three tips to keep healthy
用流动的水洗手 running water (run) Wash hands under ________________
喝开水 boiled water (boil) Drink ______________
吃熟食 cooked food (cook) Eat ______________
母亲节那天，妈妈看到 我用自己的羊毛给她织 的毛衣十分开心。 On Mother’s Day, Mother was happy to made see the sweater ______ of my own wool _________________.
过去分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的作用
Let’s explore the world of past participle.
people exposed to cholera terrified people polluted water astonished people became inspired
定 Discovery 1:
4. My wife is a well-known actress, who
is the heroine in a famous play named the Tale of Zhen Huan.
Show Time!
Work in groups.
Choose one of the topics written on the cards in my hand.
a well-known building T acartoon character(动画人物) O a great scientist P a famous movie star I a great leader a famous writer C a popular student in your class
情感动词两分词，意思不同要记牢。 3.现在分词是令人…过去分词表感到…。 4. 选择过去分词的基本原则是什么？
Fried Chicken Kentucky _____________ is harmful to your health.
我们学校有一个可爱的英语 老师叫张笛。 There is a lovely English teacher in our school named Zhang Di.
精“译”求精
静静地，我们相拥，在这用 语言点亮 (light up) 的世界里。 ---穆旦 Quietly, we embrace, in a world lit up by words.
顺理成章
inspired (inspire) by the I am __________ inspiring (inspire) speech __________ given (give) by Steven ________ Hawking, a great scientist known (know) for his _________ scientific theories.
S
HOMEWORK
Make up a story by using past participles as attribute and predicative.
用定语从句合二为一
Baymax is a robot. It is designed as a healthcare companion. Baymax is a robot which is designed as designed a healthcare companion.
1. Kentucky Fried Chicken 2. a teacher named Zhang Di 3. the sweater made of my own wool 4. a robot designed as a healthcare companion
Book 5 Unit 1 Grammar
Past participle as attribute and predicative
(过去分词做定语和表语)
1 of 38
John Snow
Read the passage and pick out the past participles.
John Snow was a famous doctor in London. He became inspired when he thought about helping people exposed to cholera. Thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. Through his hard work, he finally found that polluted water carried the virus. Thus, he saved the lives of many astonished people.
3. 情感类动词的过去分词和现在分词 有什么区别？
Miss Wang and Yuan Shipeng are talking about the mini Marathon.
esting
inter-
amazing
inspired
surprised
boring
interested
disappointing
单个分词作定语，名词之前很好找。 2. 分词短语名词后，记住这点错不了。
情感动词两分词，意思不同要记牢。 3. 现在分词是令人…过去分词表感到…
过去分词要出现，及物动词最常见， 4. 它的作用很简单，表示被动记心间。 见到个别不及物，只表完成无被动。
Let’s practice!
Correct the two mistakes in the passage. Titanic and Avatar are two of the greatest films directing by James directed Cameron. Titanic tells a moved story. moving
表
状
补
attribute predicative adverbial complement