Sonnet 73
莎士比亚十四行诗第18首
Sonnet: A fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter. There are generally two kinds of sonnets: the Petrarchan sonnet and the Shakespearean sonnet. The Shakespearean sonnet consists of 3 quatrains and one couplet. The three quatrains are devoted to the different aspects of one subject, paralleling in structure. The concluding couplet is actually the summary or comments made by the poet. One telling example is Sonnet 18 by Shakespeare.Soliloquy: It refers to an extended speech delivered by a character alone onstage. The character reveals his or her innermost thoughts and feelings directly to the audience, as if thinking aloud. One of the most famous soliloquies is the part of Shakespeare’s Hamlet, beginning with the line “To be, or not to be: that is the question.”Conceit: Conceit is actually an extended metaphor. It refers to the comparison drawn between two startlingly different objects. The leading figure of the “Metaphysical School”, John Donne, makes a high use of c onceits in his poetic creation. For instance, he compares the souls of lovers to compasses.Imagery：A general term that covers the use of language to represent sensory experience. It refers to the words that create pictures or images in the reader’s mind. Images are primarily visual and can appeal to other senses as well, touch, taste, smell and hearing.Ode： A complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honor a person or a season or to commemorate an event. Two famous odes are Percy Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” and John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn”.莎士比亚十四行诗第18首William Shakespeare - Sonnet #18Shall I compare thee to a Summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And Summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And oft' is his gold complexion dimm'd;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd:But thy eternal Summer shall not fadeNor lose possession of that fair thou owest;Nor shall Death brag thou wanderest in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou growest:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？你不独比他可爱也比他温婉；狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，夏天出赁的期限又未免太短；天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，他那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽；给机缘或无常的天道所摧折，没有芳艳不终于凋残或销毁。
莎士比亚14行诗---73
Main article: Shakespeare's sonnets
Title page from 1609 edition of Shake-Speares Sonnets.Published in 1609, the Sonnets were the last of Shakespeare's non-dramatic works to be printed. Scholars are not certain when each of the 154 sonnets was composed, but evidence suggests that Shakespeare wrote sonnets throughout his career for a private readership.[120] Even before the two unauthorised sonnets appeared in The Passionate Pilgrim in 1599, Francis Meres had referred in 1598 to Shakespeare's "sugred Sonnets among his private friends".[121] Few analysts believe that the published collection follows Shakespeare's intended sequence.[122] He seems to have planned two contrasting series: one about uncontrollable lust for a married woman of dark complexion (the "dark lady"), and one about conflicted love for a fair young man (the "fair youth"). It remains unclear if these figures represent real individuals, or if the authorial "I" who addresses them represents Shakespeare himself, though Wordsworth believed that with the sonnets "Shakespeare unlocked his heart".[123] The 1609 edition was dedicated to a "Mr. W.H.", credited as "the only begetter" of the poems. It is not known whether this was written by Shakespeare himself or by the publisher, Thomas Thorpe, whose initials appear at the foot of the dedication page; nor is it known who Mr. W.H. was, despite numerous theories, or whether Shakespeare even authorised the publication.[124] Critics praise the Sonnets as a profound meditation on the nature of love, sexual passion, procreation, death, and time.
莎士比亚第73首十四行诗十三十四行赏析
莎士比亚的第73首十四行诗是经典中的经典，它探讨了时间对爱情的影响，表达了对生命短暂和爱情永恒的思考。
这首诗的文字优美，意境深远，是一篇非常值得深入探讨的文学作品。
在这首诗中，莎士比亚通过对秋天、日落和烧尽的燃烧火堆的描绘，表达了对生命和爱情的沉思。
他使用了“黄昏之际”的意象，暗示了岁月的流逝和生命的短促。
这种对时间流逝的描绘，使得诗中的爱情更加珍贵和宝贵。
莎士比亚通过“与你相处的时光越来越少，但每一刻都更珍贵”的表达，强调了爱情在时间冲刷下的坚定和持久。
在接下来的这首诗的后半部分，莎士比亚继续通过对火堆的描绘，表达了爱情在时间中的坚韧和永恒。
他用“灰烬”和“冷而黑暗”的词语，暗示了生命的枯萎和逝去，但又通过“热望的旧时光”的表达，表现了对爱情的渴望和坚持。
这种对爱情的坚守和追求，使得诗中的爱情更加真挚和深刻。
总结来说，莎士比亚的第73首十四行诗通过对时间、生命和爱情的描绘，表达了对人生和爱情的思考。
诗中的意象优美，情感丰富，给人留下了深刻的印象。
在面对岁月流逝和生命短促的挑战下，诗中的爱情依然坚定和持久，表现出了对爱情的珍视和追求。
这首诗浪漫而深刻，让人不禁为之动容。
对我来说，莎士比亚的第73首十四行诗是一首让人陶醉、发人深省的作品。
它让我反思了人生的短暂和爱情的珍贵，让我更加珍惜眼前的一切，并为了追求真挚的爱情而努力不懈。
它的意境深远，给了我很多启发和感悟，使我对爱情和生命有了更深刻的理解。
这首诗将永远在我的心中留下独一无二的位置，成为我人生中的一盏明灯，指引着我前行。
写到这里，我希望你能够通过我的文章，深入地理解莎士比亚的第73首十四行诗，感受其中蕴含的深刻情感和意境。
愿你也能从中得到启发和感悟，让这首诗成为你人生中的一盏明灯，照亮前行的道路。
莎士比亚在他的第73首十四行诗中展现了对爱情和生命的深刻思考，引人深省。
这首诗中的意象描绘了时间的流逝和生命的短促，同时也呈现了爱情的坚韧和永恒。
诗中的情感和意境让人感到无比动容，也让人对人生有了更深刻的理解。
《莎士比亚十四行诗·第73首》
That time of year thou mayst in me behold When yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang
在我身上你或许会看见秋天， 当黄叶，或尽脱，或只三三两两
Upon those boughs which shake against the cold, Bare ruin‘d choirs, where late the sweet birds sang.
DEVELOMPENT
First employed by the Italian poets in the early R
Came to perfection Dante especially Petrarch
Introduced into England in the 16c
TWO VARIANTS
In As
ma三fet个e诗trh四)so行uunsseeetsftatdheethtwinilitghhetwoefsstu, ch
day
Which by and by black night doth take away,
Death‘s second self, that seals up all in rest.
Tourism is great.
SONNET
十四行诗，商籁体
A fourteen-line lyric poem, traditionally written in iambic pentameter （抑扬格五音步） .
FEATURES
A fourteen-line lyric poem Each line contains 10 syllables A fixed pattern of RHYME
认知隐喻的视角赏析莎士比亚第73首十四行诗
认知隐喻的视角赏析莎士比亚第73首十四行诗摘要：一、引言1.认知隐喻理论简介2.莎士比亚第73首十四行诗概述二、认知隐喻在莎士比亚第73首十四行诗中的运用1.自然景象的隐喻2.人生哲理的隐喻3.爱情观念的隐喻三、具体解析1.诗中时间的隐喻2.诗中光的隐喻3.诗中云的隐喻四、认知隐喻在诗歌创作与欣赏中的重要性1.丰富诗歌内涵2.增强诗歌表现力3.引导读者深入思考五、结论1.莎士比亚第73首十四行诗的认知隐喻价值2.对后世诗歌创作与欣赏的启示正文：一、引言认知隐喻理论是认知语言学的一个重要分支，它认为隐喻不仅仅是修辞手法，更是人类思维和世界认知的一种方式。
莎士比亚的第73首十四行诗（Sonnet 73）以其独特的艺术魅力和深刻的哲学内涵，成为了众多研究者探讨的焦点。
本文将从认知隐喻的视角，对这首诗歌进行深入赏析，以期为莎翁诗歌的解读提供新的视角。
二、认知隐喻在莎士比亚第73首十四行诗中的运用1.自然景象的隐喻在诗中，莎士比亚运用了丰富的自然景象进行隐喻。
例如，“In the middle of the night，/ When stars throw down their bright rays”，这里的“星星”隐喻为具有生命力的存在，寓意着诗人对生命和光明的追求。
2.人生哲理的隐喻莎士比亚在第73首十四行诗中，通过对时间、生命和死亡等主题的探讨，表达了他对人生哲理的思考。
例如，“Time，thou growest old，/ And I grow old with thee”，这里的“时间”隐喻为一位有生命的存在，体现了诗人对时间的感慨和对生命的无奈。
3.爱情观念的隐喻在这首诗中，莎士比亚还表达了他独特的爱情观念。
例如，“As a cloud departeth from the summer sky”，这里的“云”隐喻为爱情的短暂和易逝，表达了诗人对爱情的哀婉和对永恒的向往。
三、具体解析1.诗中时间的隐喻在莎士比亚的第73首十四行诗中，时间是一个重要的隐喻主题。
认知隐喻的视角赏析莎士比亚第73首十四行诗
认知隐喻的视角赏析莎士比亚第73首十四行诗1. 引言在文学作品中，隐喻是一种常见的修辞手法，它通过比喻、象征等手段来表达抽象、深刻的意义。
而在认知科学中，认知隐喻则是指人们用来理解抽象概念的心理模型。
莎士比亚是英国文学史上的一位伟大诗人，他的十四行诗也被广泛地研究和赏析。
在本文中，我们将以认知隐喻的视角，来赏析莎士比亚的第73首十四行诗，探讨其中所蕴含的深刻内涵。
2. 莎士比亚第73首十四行诗赏析这首诗以老年和生命的衰败为主题，通过秋天树叶的凋零、日蚀的渐变，表达了人的生命也会随着时间的流逝而走向衰老和末日。
在这些描述中，莎士比亚以自然界的景象，来比喻人生的现实，这就是典型的认知隐喻。
通过对自然现象的描绘和比拟，莎士比亚让读者产生强烈的共鸣，引发对生命和时光流逝的深刻思考。
3. 认知隐喻在诗中的运用在这首诗中，莎士比亚运用了大量的认知隐喻，通过对季节更替、自然现象的描绘，来表达对生命的理解和感悟。
“黄昏之阳”传达了衰老的概念，“寒冬”则暗示着生命的枯萎，“残阳”象征着生命的残缺，这些都是认知隐喻的运用。
通过将抽象的概念与具体的景象相联系，莎士比亚巧妙地引导读者思考，让他们通过对自然景象的观察，来深刻理解生命的意义。
4. 总结与展望通过对莎士比亚第73首十四行诗的赏析，我们不仅对诗歌本身有了更深刻的理解，同时也加深了对认知隐喻的认识。
认知隐喻让人们通过对具体事物的观察，来理解抽象概念，这种心理模型的运用丰富了诗歌的内涵，也让读者更容易产生共鸣。
在未来的学习和实践中，我们可以更多地关注认知隐喻的运用，来提升自己的写作能力和修辞功力。
5. 个人观点个人而言，在赏析莎士比亚的诗歌时，我更加注重其中所蕴含的深刻内涵和情感共鸣。
认知隐喻的视角让我更深入地理解诗意，也更易于将诗歌应用到自己的写作中。
我相信，在今后的学习和实践中，我将更多地运用认知隐喻的方法，来提升自己的文章质量，并通过深度和广度的挖掘，让读者产生强烈的共鸣。
Shakespearean sonnet
Shakespearean sonnetThe Shakespearean sonnet is divided into four parts. The first three parts are each four lines long, and are known as quatrains, rhymed ABAB; the fourth part is called the couplet, and is rhymed CC. The Shakespearean sonnet is often used to develop a sequence of metaphors or ideas,one in each quatrain, while the couplet offers either a summary or a new take on the preceding images or ideas. In Shakespeare’s Sonnet 147, for instance, the speaker’s love is compared to a disease. In the f irst quatrain, the speaker characterizes the disease; in the second, he describes the relationship of his love-disease to its ―physician,‖ his reason; in the third, he describes the consequences of his abandonment of reason; and in the couplet, he explains the source of his mad, diseased love—his lover’s betrayal of his faith:My love is as a fever, longing stillFor that which longer nurseth the disease,Feeding on that which doth preserve the ill,The uncertain sickly appetite to please.the speaker’s lo ve is compared to a disease.My reason, the physician to my love,Angry that his prescriptions are not kept,Hath left me, and I desp’rate now approveDesire is death, which physic did except.the relationship of his love-disease to its ―physician,‖ his reason Past cure am I, now reason is past care,And frantic mad with evermore unrest,My thoughts an d my discourse as madmen’s are,At random from the truth vainly expressed;the consequences of his abandonment of reason;For I have sworn thee fair and thought thee bright,Who art as black as hell, as dark as night.the source of his mad, diseased love—his lover’s betrayal of his faithIn many ways, Shakespeare’s use of the sonnet form is richer and more complex than this relatively simple division into parts might imply. Not only is his sequence largely occupied with subverting the traditional themes of love sonnets—the traditional love poems in praise of beauty and worth, for instance, are written to a man, while the love poems to a woman are almost all as bitter and negative as Sonnet 147—he also combines formal patterns with daring and innovation. Many of his sonnets in the sequence, for instance, impose the thematic pattern of a Petrarchan sonnet onto the formal pattern of a Shakespearean sonnet, so that while there are still three quatrains and a couplet, the first two quatrains might ask a single question, which the third quatrain and the couplet will answer. As you read through Shakespeare’s sequence, think about the ways Shakespeare’s themes are affected by and tailored to the sonnet form. Be especially alert to complexities such as the juxtaposition of Petrarchan and Shakespearean patterns. How might such a juxtaposition combination deepen and enrich Shakespeare’s us e of a traditional form? Sonnet 18Shall I c ompare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimm’d;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or nature’s changing course untrimm’d;But thy eternal summer shall not fadeNor lose possession of that fair thou owest;Nor shall Death bra g thou wander’s t in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou growest:So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.SummaryThe speaker opens the poem with a question addressed to the beloved:―Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?‖ The next eleven lines are devoted to such a comparison.In line 2,the speaker stipulates约定what mainly differentiates the young man from the summer’s day:he is ―more lovely and more temperate.‖Summer’s days tend toward extremes: they are shaken by ―rough winds‖; in them, the sun (―the eye of heaven‖) often shines ―too hot,‖ or too dim. And summer is fleeting: its date is too short, and it leads to the withering of autumn, as ―every fair from fair sometime declines.‖ The final quatrain of the sonnet tells how the beloved differs from the summer in that respect: his beauty will last forever (―Thy eternal summer shall not fade...‖)and never die. In the couplet, the speaker explains how the beloved’s beauty will accomplish this feat本领；武艺, and not perish because it is preserved in the poem, which will last forever; it will live ―as long as men can breathe or eyes can see.‖CommentaryThis sonnet is certainly the most famous in the sequence of Shakespeare’s sonnets; it may be the most famous lyric poem in English. Among Shakespeare’s works, only lines such as ―To be or not to be‖ and ―Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo?‖ are better-known. This is not to say that it is at all the best or most interesting or most beautiful of the sonnets; but the simplicity and loveliness of its praise of the beloved has guaranteed its place. On the surface, the poem is simply a statement of praise about the beauty of the beloved; summer tends to unpleasant extremes of windiness and heat, but the beloved is always mild and temperate. Summer is incidentally personified as the ―eye of heaven‖ with its ―gold complexion.面色，气色，肤色‖; the imagery throughout is simple and unaffected, with the ―darling buds of May‖ giving way to the ―eternal summer‖, which the s peaker promises the beloved. The language, too, is comparatively unadorned不加渲染的；自然的for the sonnets; it is not heavy with alliteration or assonance, 半韵，and nearlyevery line is its own self-contained clause—almost every line ends with some punctuation, which effects a pause.Sonnet 18 is the first poem in the sonnets not to explicitly encourage the young man to have children. The ―procreation‖ sequence of the first 17 sonnets ended with the speaker’s realization that the young man might not need children to preserve his beauty; he could also live, the speaker writes at the end of Sonnet 17, ―in my rhyme.‖ Sonnet 18, then, is the first ―rhyme‖—the speaker’s first attempt to preserve the young man’s beauty for all time. An important theme of the sonnet (as it is an important theme throughout much of the sequence) is the power of the speaker’s poem to defy蔑视，藐视，不顾，公然反抗time and last forever,carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations. The beloved’s ―eternal summer‖ shall not fade precisely becau se it is embodied in the sonnet: ―So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,‖ the speaker writes in the couplet, ―So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.‖―Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day‖ is the typical Elizabethan, also called Shakespearean or English, sonnet, consisting of three quatrains with the rime scheme ABAB CDCD EFEF and a couplet with the rime GG. The speaker is addressing his poem.First Quatrain –―Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day‖In the first quatrain, the speaker muses about comparing the poem to a day in summer; then he begins to do just that. In comparison to a summer’s day, the poem is deemed ―more lovely and more temperate.‖ The qualification of more ―lovely,‖ at this point, seems to be just the speaker’s opinion, b ut to prove the poem more temperate, he explains, ―Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May‖: the ―rough winds‖ that blow the young buds of flowers about is certainly not mild or temperate. And also summer just does not last very long; it has ―all too short a date.‖The poem, when compared to a summer’s day, is better; its beauty and mildness do not end as summer along with its ―summer’s day‖ does. The reader wonder why the speaker, just after claiming his intention of comparingthe poem to a ―summer’s day,‖ then first compares it to a spring day—―the darling buds of May.‖Even before summer begins, the May flowers are being tossed about by intemperate breezes; therefore, it stands to reason that if the prelude to summer has its difficulties, one can expect summer have its own unique problems that the poem, of course, will lack.Second Quatrain –―Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines‖In the second quatrain, the speaker continues elucidating his complaints that diminish summer’s value in this compari son: sometimes the sunshine makes the temperature too hot: ―Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines.‖ The sun often hides behind clouds, ―often is his gold complexion dimm’d.‖ The reader can realize the implications here: that these inconvenient qualitie s do no plague the poem.Then the speaker makes a generalization that everything in nature including the seasons—and he has chosen the best season, after all; he did not advantage his argument by comparing the poem to a winter day—and even people degenerates with time, either by happenstance or by processes the human mind does not comprehend or simply by the unstoppable course of nature: "And every fair from fair sometime declines, / By chance, or nature’s changing course untrimm’d.‖So far, the speaker has mused that he shall compare the poem to a summer day, and the summer day is losing: even before summer begins, the winds of May are often brutal to the young flowers; summer never lasts long; sometimes the sun is too hot and sometimes it hides behind clouds, and besides everything—even the good things—in nature diminishes in time.Third Quatrain –―But thy eternal summer shall not fade‖In the third quatrain, the speaker declares the advantages that the poem has over the summer day: that unlike the summer day, the poem shall remain eternally; its summer will not end as the natural summer day must. Nor will the poem lose its beauty, and even death cannot claim the poem, because it willexist ―in eternal lines‖ that the poet will continue to write, ―When in e ternal lines to time thou grow’st.‖The Couplet –―This gives life to thee‖The couplet—―So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee‖— claims that as long as someone is alive to read it, the poem will have life.我能否将你比作夏天？你比夏天更美丽温婉。
莎士比亚十四行诗有名的几首
莎士比亚十四行诗有名的几首莎士比亚创作了许多著名的十四行诗，其中几首包括：1.《十四行诗116》("Sonnet 116") - "Let me not to the marriage of true minds"2. 《十四行诗18》("Sonnet 18") - "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?"3. 《十四行诗29》("Sonnet 29") - "When, in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes"4. 《十四行诗130》("Sonnet 130") - "My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun"5. 《十四行诗73》("Sonnet 73") - "That time of year thou mayst in me behold"6. 《十四行诗79》("Sonnet 79") - "Whilst I alone did call upon thy aid"7. 《十四行诗138》("Sonnet 138") - "When my love swears that she is made of truth"8. 《十四行诗147》("Sonnet 147") - "My love is as a fever, longing still"9. 《十四行诗152》("Sonnet 152") - "In loving thee thou know'stI am forsworn"10. 《十四行诗154》("Sonnet 154") - "The little Love-god lying once asleep"。
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描绘了生命的轮回和人的不朽本性。考虑到人类的死亡，他探索了爱的主题， 尽管年老仍将存在。事实上，他希望他的爱人能理解生命的短暂。对他来说， 死亡会把他们分开因此，他们应该充分利用时间。
That time of year thou mayst in me behold
the poem ：“When yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang”,
• Has used visual imagery such as,
“When yellow leaves” and “boughs which shake against the cold.”
• 威廉·莎士比亚(1564-1616)是文艺复
兴时期英国伟大的剧作家和诗人
• 从诗歌的艺术水平来看，他的十四行
• Judging from the artistic level of poetry, his sonnets 诗是最成功的，一共有154首。
are the most successful, with a total of 154.
That on the ashes of his youth doth lie,
As the death-bed whereon it must expire
Consumed with that which it was nourished by.
在我身上你或许全看见余烬， 它在青春的寒灰里奄奄一息， 在惨淡灵床上早晚总要断魂， 给那滋养过它的烈焰所销毁。
William Shakespeare
• Author • Themes • Figures of speech and meaning • Summary
• William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was a great
British dramatist and poet during the European Renaissance.
• Has used metonymy such as: “bare
ruin choirs” substitute the stripped branches.
When yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang
Upon those boughs which shake against the cold,
Bare ruined choirs, where late the sweet birds sang.
• Shakespeare has used metaphors in
在我身上你或许会看见秋天, 当黄叶，或尽脱，或只三三两两 挂在瑟缩的枯枝上索索抖颤-荒废的歌坛，那里百鸟曾合唱。
在我身上你或许会看见暮霭， 它在日落后向西方徐徐消退： 黑夜，死的化身，渐渐把它赶开， 严静的安息笼住纷纭的万类。
a the glowing of such fire
• 其中第73首十四行诗不仅是一曲生命
• The sonnet 73 of them is not only an elegy of life,
的挽歌，也是一曲关于爱的歌颂。
but also an ode to love.
• 原诗中最流行的一句是“荒废的歌坛，
• The most popular sentence in the original poem is
• The natural imagery used in the poem develops the idea that death is unavoidable.
Heading toward the end of life, the speaker portrays the cycle of life and immortal nature of human beings. Considering man’s mortality, he explores the theme of love that will stand despite old age. In fact, he wants his love to understand the transience of life. To him, death will separate them. Therefore, they should make the most of what time has offered them.
This thou perceiv’st, which makes thy love more strong,
To love that well which thou must leave ere long
看见了这些，你的爱就会加强， 因为他转瞬要辞你溘然长往。
efef gg
• The poem comprises two major themes : love and death.
那里百灵鸟曾合唱。
“Bare ruined choirs, where late the sweet birds
sang”
That time of year thou mayst in me behold When yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang Upon those boughs which shake against the cold, Bare ruined choirs, where late the sweet birds sang. In me thou seest the twilight of such day As after sunset fadeth in the west; Which by and by black night doth take away, Death's second self, that seals up all in rest.