亨利詹姆斯的简介
亨利-詹姆斯 介绍简介-亨利-詹姆斯 简历-亨利-詹姆斯,名人故事

精心整理亨利?詹姆斯介绍简介-亨利?詹姆斯简历-亨利?詹姆斯,名人故事亨利·詹姆斯(HenryJames,1843年4月15日-1916年2月28日),英国-美国作家。
他出身于纽约的上层知识分子家庭,父亲老亨利·詹姆斯是着名学者,兄长威廉·詹姆斯是知名的哲学家和心理学家。
詹姆斯本人长期旅居欧洲,对19世纪末美国和欧洲的上层生活有细致入微的观察。
詹姆斯是同性恋者。
他与同时代的美国女作家伊迪丝·华顿保持着长期的友谊。
詹姆斯的主要作品是小说,此外也写了许多文学评、《作1902)中,他发掘了人物“最幽微,最朦胧”的思想和感觉,把“太空中跳动的脉搏”转化为形象。
在兰登书屋1996年评选的20世纪百部最佳英文小说中,亨利个人就占了三部。
美国作家。
1843年4月15日生于纽约,1916年2月28日卒于伦敦。
父兄都是美国颇具声望的哲学家。
由于家境富裕,从小受到良好的教育,掌握多种语言。
1862年考入哈佛大学法学院。
1869年游历了英国、法国和意大利等国后,决定离开美国,移居欧洲。
1875~1876年住在巴黎,结识了屠格涅夫、左拉、都德等作家。
2年后迁居伦敦。
1904~1905年曾回美国,1915年因不满美国在第一次世界大战初期的“中立”态度而加入英国籍。
詹姆斯从1864年起开始文学创作。
1879年中篇小说《黛西·密勒》使他一举成名。
小说描写美国姑娘黛西·密勒游历欧洲时的遭遇。
她的天真浪漫、热情开朗的性格招来了许多误解和麻烦。
最后客死他乡。
小说将美1881世纪峰。
《使、詹姆斯被誉为西方现代心理分析小说的开拓者。
作品列表RoderickHudson(1875)。
Henry__James美国文学作家亨利詹姆斯

• Late Period (1895-1916): a revival of the theme of innocence in a corrupted world and “the international theme”. major works: 1895-1990: The Turn of the Screw (1898), What Maisie Knew (1897), etc. 1900-1904: The Ambassadors (1903), The Wings of the Dove (1902) 1904-1916: The American Scene (1907), etc.
James’s psychological novel
• James changed the method of presentation in a novel, shifting the centre of gravity from action to its intellectual and fantastic aspects: • external circumstances lose significance before the inward events that take place in a soul.
Henry James
(1843-1916) ) An American novelist
and
literary critic
Life of Henry James
• Born in a wealthy cultured family in New York with a philosopher and theologist father • Brother William James is also a famous philosopher, psychologist, and founder of utilitarianism. • At the age of 25 he was recognized as the best short story writer in America. • He never married.
Henry_James_简介

The Portrait of a Lady
贵妇的肖像
-----Henry James
The Portrait of a Lady
• It is one of James' most popular novels, and is regarded by critics as one of his best . • With rich, well-structured, and the psychological portrait of young woman , this novel was regarded as modern novel of America.
Writing Styles
• Point of view of a character: Isabel Archer‟s consciousness and perception promote the plot. • 这部小说中作者第一次冲破了传统小说的写作方式, 以女主人公伊莎贝尔·阿切尔为意识中心,将各种 不同的观点集于一身,以她的视角去体验现实生活、 感悟人生的真谛作者精微细致地描绘了伊莎贝尔对 周围环境与人物的各种内心感受与心理变化,使外 部世界通过人物的内心活动得到充分表现,使故事 情节在人物的内心活动中自然展开从伊莎贝尔的人 生经历中读者看到她自由独立的性格
In 1915, he became British subject
He never took part in public affairs or showed much interest in the economic and social changes of the period
He was deeply interested in the contrast between the old world and the new one, between the European way of life and the American one
亨利詹姆斯的简介

亨利詹姆斯的简介亨利詹姆斯是美国乃至世界文学史上的大文豪,19世纪美国继霍桑、麦尔维尔之后最伟大的小说家。
下面是店铺搜集整理的亨利詹姆斯的简介,希望对你有帮助。
亨利詹姆斯的简介亨利·詹姆斯(Henry James,1843年4月15日- 1916年2月28日、享年73岁),英国-美国作家。
他出身于纽约的上层知识分子家庭,父亲是位自食其力的有钱的哲学家和空想的宗教家,兄长威廉·詹姆斯是美国第一位著名的心理学家和最有影响的哲学家。
詹姆斯的童年是在纽约市度过的,但詹姆斯本人在12岁时随父母去欧洲并长期旅居欧洲。
他的父亲要求他接受丰富的美感教育,带他去参观画廊、图书馆、博物馆和剧院,涉足英国、瑞士和法国等地,历时4年。
他没有接受系统的学校教育,但迅速的掌握了法语,并开始阅读法国文学作品,完全接受了欧洲旧的环境的熏陶。
他从小就意识到传统社会结构的复杂性。
青年时代,他对文学和创作的兴趣更加强烈。
他在美国和欧洲之间数次奔忙,立志从事文学创作,并在成年初期渐露端倪。
他跟家里经常通信,保持密切的联系。
他善于社交,熟识文艺界许多当代文人,不少人成为他的知己。
对19世纪末美国和欧洲的上层生活有细致入微的观察。
但他一生未婚,詹姆斯是同性恋者。
他与同时代的美国女作家伊迪丝·华顿保持着长期的友谊。
他的感情生活丰富,创作热情旺盛,写出了许多传世佳作。
詹姆斯的主要作品是小说,此外也写了许多文学评论、游记、传记和剧本。
他的小说常写美国人和欧洲人之间交往的问题;成人的罪恶如何影响并摧残了纯洁、聪慧的儿童;物质与精神之间的矛盾;艺术家的孤独,作家和艺术家的生活等:这表明作家对个人道德品质的浓厚兴趣。
詹姆斯著作有长篇小说《一个美国人》、《华盛顿广场》《一位女士的画像》、《鸽翼》、《使节》、《金碗》等。
中短篇小说有《黛西·米勒》、《阿斯彭文稿》、《螺丝在旋紧》、《丛林猛兽》以及一组描写作家、艺术家生活的中短篇小说如《真东西》、《地毯上的图案》等。
亨利·詹姆斯小说的哥特风格

亨利·詹姆斯小说的哥特风格亨利·詹姆斯(1843---1916)是19世纪美国著名的小说家、文艺评论家和文体学家,以及剧作家和散文家,是一位名副其实的大文豪。
同时詹姆斯还被认为是心理分析小说的开创者之一,对意识流小说的形成产生了重大的影响,像弗吉尼亚.伍尔夫等意识流作家都产生了深刻的影响。
詹姆斯出生在美国一个上层知识分子家庭,詹姆斯从12岁开始就跟随父亲旅居欧洲各国,这是要因为这样,詹姆斯对美国和欧洲大陆有着深刻的了解与认识,认识到了美国大陆与欧洲大陆社会结构的复杂性,所以他也将他的笔触深入到其中。
阅读詹姆斯的作品之后我们会发现,其作品主要描写的就是美国与欧洲人的交往问题,在这背后隐藏的是美国与欧洲不同的价值取向以及文化形态,他深刻地揭示了美国人与欧洲人的物质生活方式以及精神生活状态,进而挖掘出人们心理与道德本质中最深层的东西,让我们从中获得心灵上的震撼与启迪。
詹姆斯一生著述颇丰,最主要的成就体现在小说方面,代表作有《一个美国人》、《一位女士的画像》、《鸽翼》、《使节》、《金碗》、《黛西.米勒》、《阿斯彭文稿》等,这些作品都体现出了詹姆斯杰出的写作才华。
目前学界对詹姆斯的研究主要集中在作品中人物的分析、小说的写作技巧以及小说背后的文化意义等,对其小说中的哥特风格很少重视,笔者就将以此为切入点,从詹姆斯小说的场景与语言、人物形象、主题内涵三个方入手,对其哥特写作风格做一个完整全面的分析。
一、场景与语言哥特小说诞生于18世纪,以霍勒斯·沃波尔的《奥特兰托城堡》为标志。
提到哥特小说我们习惯上联想到阴森恐怖,的确是这这样,哥特小说显著的元素包括恐怖、神秘、超自然、死亡、疯狂怪人以及阴森的古堡,这些都会使读者从内心里感到一种恐惧。
首先,传统的哥特小说的场景多设置在阴森的古堡、凄清的修道院、破旧的教堂以及阴冷的墓地之中,这里首先就给人们一种神秘恐惧的感觉,在感官上就给我们一种刺激。
亨利詹姆斯英文简介

亨利詹姆斯英文简介Henry James, born on April 15, 1843, in New York City, was an American writer who is considered one of the greatest novelists in the English language. He is known for his complex and psychological novels, which explore the themes of innocence, experience, and the clash between American and European culture. James' works have had a significant influence on modern literature, and he is often praised for his unique writing style and meticulous attention to detail.James came from a wealthy and intellectual family. His father, Henry James Sr., was a philosopher, and his brother, William James, became a famous psychologist and philosopher. James received his early education in New York and attended Harvard Law School for a short period before deciding to pursue a career in literature.James began his writing career by publishing reviews and short stories in various magazines and newspapers. His first novel, "Watch and Ward," was published in 1871, but it was his novel "Daisy Miller" (1878) that brought him significant recognition. "Daisy Miller" tells the story of a young American woman in Europe who defies societal norms, and it explores the clash between American and European values and social conventions.In the following years, James continued to produce a series of successful novels. One of his most famous works, "The Portrait of a Lady" (1881), tells the story of a young American woman, Isabel Archer, who travels to Europe and becomes involved in a complicated web of relationships and choices. The novel examinesthe constraints placed on women in society and the consequences of their choices.James' writing style is characterized by his use of interior monologue and his attention to the psychological depth of his characters. He often explores the theme of the "American abroad," portraying characters who are searching for their identity in a foreign environment. His novels are known for their intricate plot structures, with multiple levels of narrative and complex relationships between characters.In addition to his novels, James also wrote numerous shorter works, including novellas and short stories. Some of his notable shorter works include "The Turn of the Screw" (1898), "The Beast in the Jungle" (1903), and "The Aspern Papers" (1888). "The Turn of the Screw" is a ghost story that delves into themes of innocence, corruption, and the supernatural. It has been the subject of much critical analysis and interpretation.James spent a considerable amount of time living in Europe, particularly in England and Italy. He developed close friendships with many influential writers and intellectuals of the time, including Edith Wharton, Joseph Conrad, and Robert Louis Stevenson. His experiences in Europe greatly influenced his work, and he often portrayed the contrast between American and European culture in his novels.In his later years, James became a British citizen and settled in England. He continued to write prolifically and became increasingly interested in the theater, adapting several of his novelsas plays. He also wrote literary criticism, essays, and travelogues. Henry James' contribution to literature is immense. His novelshave been praised for their complex characters, psychological depth, and exploration of cultural and societal issues. His unique writing style and meticulous attention to detail have had a lasting impact on modern literature.James died on February 28, 1916, in London, England, leaving behind a significant body of work that continues to be studied and celebrated today. He remains one of the most important and influential American writers, and his novels continue to captivate readers with their timeless themes and compelling narratives.Henry James的文学贡献不仅仅体现在他的小说作品中,他还对文学批评和艺术理论做出了重要贡献。
亨利詹姆斯英文简介 黛西米勒英文简介

亨利詹姆斯英文简介黛西米勒英文简介亨利詹姆斯人物履历Born in New York on April 15, 1843;1862 was admitted to Harvard Law School;From 1864 onwards began to literary creation;In 1869 traveled the United Kingdom, France and Italy and other countries, decided to leave the United States, moved to Europe; 1875 ~ 1876 living in Paris, met the blessing worship, Turgenev, Zola, Tudor and other writers;After 1878 moved to London;In 1879 the novel Daisy Miller made him famous;Published in 1881, a womans portrait, is his early creation of the most representative works;At the beginning of the 20th century, he returned to the United States and created three novels, namely, pigeon wings, envoys and gold bowls. These three novels were recognized as Jamess masterpieces. All three were selected in the 20th century. Novels and rank the forefront;1915 due to dissatisfaction with the United States in the early days of the First World War neutral attitude to join the British nationality.亨利詹姆斯成长经受JamesBorn in New York, a rich family of intellectuals. The father is a philosopher, the theologian, but the man is rude. The long brother of William was as athletic as the athlete, and later became an awesome philosopher and professor of psychology at Harvard University. Jamess childhood was very unpleasant, he grew up in fear of his brother. James had nothing to do with the family, but later patched the relationship. How he grew up under the shadow of his brother, how he influenced his inner world, and thus influenced his creation, because James was too sensitive. Laughter rarely comes from James, thanks to his early death with his friendly man, including his sister Alice, his cousin Minnie Temple, who has been very heavy to live. James has used the succession of these people as a material, in the novel Daisy Miller, a womans portrait, pigeon, envoys and gold bowl to create a series of distinctive The heroine image.James has always wanted to be a playwright, and finally with his initiative away from the theater and ended. James had been worried about the success of his new play, Gay Tomwell, but because he was so nervous that he did not catch the right opportunity. He is not good at dealing with the theater. The book tells the story that one night when he approached the theater, Oscar Wilde idealhusband is staged, he decided to give up to watch the gaudy gay wandime script performance. Because he thinks these people in the theater seem to enjoy the pleasure of their own, he felt in his life he never had this look.He did not know in these so happy, so triumphant, so happy among the people How to spend that three hours. So James went back again.Most of the tension in Jamess life comes from his alienation of what he cherishes. In fact, he has entered the upper class in Europe, rich writer to be able to contact him and be proud of, but he still feel that he is an outsider: is a bachelor, there is a tendency to homosexuality, although he suppressed this desire. At the same time he was an American, because then the United States has just developed, advocating European culture and worship of Europeans was a kind of atmosphere of the American upper class. He felt humiliated, began to look away from the publics attention, reduced contact with family and friends, traveled to Rome and Florence, where he intended to spend the rest of his life quietly. And later in England to buy a house with a garden, so settled down and dedicated to writing. Between 1902 and 1905, James published three of the 20th centurys most promising novels: Pigeon Wing, Envoys, Golden Bowl. In 1915 James joined the British. Jamess writing is very focused and very devoted, he put the novel as a subtlecomprehensive art to seriously. Too seriously, so he is always in life and creation is intertwined with psychological anxiety and tension, so that the psychological balance is often broken.亨利詹姆斯英文简介。
亨利詹姆斯英文简介

亨利詹姆斯英文简介亨利詹姆斯,19世纪美国继霍桑、麦尔维尔之后最伟大的小说家,也是美国乃至世界文学史上的大文豪。
他的创作对20世纪崛起的现代派及后现代派文学有着非常巨大的影响。
下面是店铺给大家整理的亨利詹姆斯英文简介,供大家参阅!亨利詹姆斯简介Henry James (Henry James, April 15, 1843 - February 28, 1916), the 19th century, the United States following Hawthorne, Melville after the greatest novelist, but also the history of the United States and the world literature writer. James's main works are novels, in addition to writing many literary reviews, travels, biographies and scripts. His novels often write about the intercourse between Americans and Europeans; how adult sins affect and destroy pure, intelligent children; the contradiction between material and spiritual; the loneliness of the artist, the life of the writer and the artist. There are novels: "an American", "a portrait of a woman", "pigeon", "envoys" and "gold bowl" and so on. His creation has had a tremendous impact on the rise of modernism and postmodernism in the twentieth century.Henry James is one of the pioneers of American novelists, literary critics, playwrights and essayists, who are considered to be psychoanalytic novels. His knowledge of human behavior is unique in the twentieth century The pioneer of writing skills in novels.Henry James (Henry James, April 15, 1843 - February 28, 1916, at the age of 73 years)British - American writer. He was born in New York's upper class of intellectuals, his father is a self-reliant philosopher and fantastic religiousist, brother William James is the first famousAmerican psychologist and the most influential philosopher. James's childhood was spent in New York City, but James himself at the age of 12 with their parents to Europe and long-term living in Europe. His father asked him to receive a wealth of aesthetic education, take him to visit galleries, libraries, museums and theaters,Involved in the United Kingdom, Switzerland and France and other places, which lasted four years. He did not accept the system of school education, but quickly mastered the French, and began to read the French literature, fully accepted the influence of the old European environment. He grew up to realize the complexity of traditional social structures. In his youth, he was more interested in literature and creation. He was bustling between the United States and Europe several times, determined to engage in literary creation, and in the early days of adulthood. He often communicates with his family and keeps in close contact. He is good at social, familiar with the literary and art circles of many contemporary literati, many people become his confidant. On the late 19th century the United States and Europe, the upper life of a nuanced observation. But he was unmarried, James is gay. He and his contemporary American writer Edith Wharton maintained a long-term friendship. His emotional life is rich, creative passion, wrote a lot of masterpieces handed down.James's main works are novels, in addition to writing many literary reviews, travels, biographies and scripts. His novels often write the question of the interaction between the Americans and the Europeans; how the evil of adults affects and destroys the pure and intelligent children; the contradiction between material and spiritual; the loneliness of the artist, the life of the writer and the artist: Indicating that the writer's interest in personal moralJames works with novels "An American", "Washington Square", "Portrait of a Lady", "Pigeon Wing", "Envoy", "Golden Bowl" and so on. In the short stories are "Daisy Miller", "Aspen manuscript", "screw in the tight", "jungle beast" and a group of writers, artists living in short stories such as "real things", "carpet On the pattern "and so on. James wrote a lot of very insightful commentary on British, American and French writers such as George Eliot, Stevenson, Anthony Trollope, Hawthorne, Emerson, Balzac , George Sang, Flaubert and Turgenev and so on. There are three kinds of autobiography: "childhood and other", "as a son and brother" and "middle age".Henry James created a psychological analysis of the novel precedent, his pen, there seems to be like a maze of ordinary people in the inner world. In The Wings of the Dove (1902), he explores the "faint and dull" thoughts and feelings of the characters, transforming the "beating in the space" into the image.At the beginning of the twentieth century, James published three consecutive novels of "pigeon", "envoys" and "gold bowl", so that his creation reached a peak. In the Random House in 1996 selected the 20th century PARKnSHOP English novels, James by virtue of these three novels on the list, and are ranked front. Most of these novels celebrate the virtues of the American bourgeoisie. They are basically subtle inner activities, sometimes cumbersome and cumbersome and seem obscure. James's works are "Boston people", "Princess Casablanca", "American", "Poeton's collection" and so on. In addition to the novel, but also wrote some important literary criticism and script, travel and so on. James is known as the pioneer of modern Western psychological analysis亨利詹姆斯人物履历Born in New York on April 15, 1843;1862 was admitted to Harvard Law School;From 1864 onwards began to literary creation;In 1869 traveled the United Kingdom, France and Italy and other countries, decided to leave the United States, moved to Europe;1875 ~ 1876 living in Paris, met the blessing worship, Turgenev, Zola, Tudor and other writers;After 1878 moved to London;In 1879 the novel "Daisy Miller" made him famous;Published in 1881, "a woman's portrait", is his early creation of the most representative works;At the beginning of the 20th century, he returned to the United States and created three novels, namely, "pigeon wings", "envoys" and "gold bowls". These three novels were recognized as James's masterpieces. All three were selected in the 20th century. Novels and rank the forefront;1915 due to dissatisfaction with the United States in the early days of the First World War "neutral" attitude to join the British nationality.亨利詹姆斯成长经历JamesBorn in New York, a rich family of intellectuals. The father is a philosopher, the theologian, but the man is rude. The long brother of William was as athletic as the athlete, and later became an awesome philosopher and professor of psychology at Harvard University. James's childhood was very unpleasant, he grew up in fear of his brother. James had nothing to do with the family, butlater patched the relationship. How he grew up under the shadow of his brother, how he influenced his inner world, and thus influenced his creation, because James was too sensitive. Laughter rarely comes from James, thanks to his early death with his friendly man, including his sister Alice, his cousin Minnie Temple, who has been very heavy to live. James has used the succession of these people as a material, in the novel "Daisy Miller", "a woman's portrait", "pigeon", "envoys" and "gold bowl" to create a series of distinctive The heroine image.James has always wanted to be a playwright, and finally with his initiative away from the theater and ended. James had been worried about the success of his new play, "Gay Tomwell", but because he was so nervous that he did not catch the right opportunity. He is not good at dealing with the theater. The book tells the story that one night when he approached the theater, Oscar Wilde "ideal husband" is staged, he decided to give up to watch the gaudy gay wandime script performance. Because "he thinks these people in the theater seem to enjoy the pleasure of their own, he felt in his life he never had this look.He did not know in these so happy, so triumphant, so happy among the people How to spend that three hours. "So James went back again.Most of the tension in James's life comes from his alienation of what he cherishes. In fact, he has entered the upper class in Europe, rich writer to be able to contact him and be proud of, but he still feel that he is an outsider: is a bachelor, there is a tendency to homosexuality, although he suppressed this desire. At the same time he was an American, because then the United States has just developed, advocating European culture and worship of Europeans was a kind of atmosphere of the American upper class.He felt humiliated, began to look away from the public's attention, reduced contact with family and friends, traveled to Rome and Florence, where he intended to spend the rest of his life quietly. And later in England to buy a house with a garden, so settled down and dedicated to writing. Between 1902 and 1905, James published three of the 20th century's most promising novels: "Pigeon Wing", "Envoys", "Golden Bowl". In 1915 James joined the British. James's writing is very focused and very devoted, he put the novel as a subtle "comprehensive art" to seriously. T oo seriously, so he is always in life and creation is intertwined with psychological anxiety and tension, so that the psychological balance is often broken.。
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亨利詹姆斯的简介
亨利詹姆斯(Henry James,1843年4月15日- 1916年2月28日、享年73岁),英国-美国作家。
他出身于纽约的上层知识分子家庭,父亲是位自食其力的有钱的哲学家和空想的宗教家,兄长威廉詹姆斯是美国第一位著名的心理学家和最有影响的哲学家。
詹姆斯的童年是在纽约市度过的,但詹姆斯本人在12岁时随父母去欧洲并长期旅居欧洲。
他的父亲要求他接受丰富的美感教育,带他去参观画廊、图书馆、博物馆和剧院,涉足英国、瑞士和法国等地,历时4年。
他没有接受系统的学校教育,但迅速的掌握了法语,并开始阅读法国文学作品,完全接受了欧洲旧的环境的熏陶。
他从小就意识到传统社会结构的复杂性。
青年时代,他对文学和创作的兴趣更加强烈。
他在美国和欧洲之间数次奔忙,立志从事文学创作,并在成年初期渐露端倪。
他跟家里经常通信,保持密切的联系。
他善于社交,熟识文艺界许多当代文人,不少人成为他的知己。
对19世纪末美国和欧洲的上层生活有细致入微的观察。
但他一生未婚,詹姆斯是同性恋者。
他与同时代的美国女作家伊迪丝华顿保持着长期的友谊。
他的感情生活丰富,创作热情旺盛,写出了许多传世佳作。
詹姆斯的主要作品是小说,此外也写了许多文学评论、游记、传记和剧本。
他的小说常写美国人和欧洲人之间交往的问题;成人的罪恶如何影响并摧残了纯洁、聪慧的儿童;物质与精神之间的矛盾;艺术家的孤独,作家和艺术家的生活等:这表明作家对个人道德品质的浓厚兴趣。
詹姆斯著作有长篇小说《一个美国人》、《华盛顿广场》《一位女士的画像》、《鸽翼》、《使节》、《金碗》等。
中短篇小说有《黛西米勒》、《阿斯彭文稿》、《螺丝在旋紧》、《丛林猛兽》以及一组描写作家、艺术家生活的中短篇小说如《真东西》、《地毯上的图案》等。
詹姆斯写了许多很有见地的评论文章,涉及英、美、法等国作家,如乔治艾略特、斯蒂文森、安东尼特罗洛普、霍桑、爱默生、巴尔扎克、乔治桑、福楼拜以及屠格涅夫等。
有自传三种行世:《童年及其他》、《作为儿子与兄弟》和《中年》。
亨利詹姆斯开创了心理分析小说的先河,他的笔下,出现了仿佛是迷宫般的普通人的内心世界。
在《鸽翼》(The Wings of the Dove,1902)中,他发掘了人物最幽微,最朦胧的思想和感觉,把太空中跳动的脉搏转化成形象。
20世纪初,詹姆斯接连发表《鸽翼》、《使节》和《金碗》3部长篇小说,使他的创作达到高峰。
在兰登书屋(Random House)1996年评选的20世纪百佳英文小说中,詹姆斯就凭借这三部小说榜上有名,且都排名靠前。
这些小说大多颂扬美国资产阶级高尚的品德。
它们基本以人物微妙的内心活动为主,有时冗长烦琐,并显得晦涩难解。
詹姆斯的作品还有《波士顿人》、《卡萨玛西玛公主》、《美国人》、《波英顿的珍藏品》等。
除小说外,还写过一些重要的文学评论以及剧本、游记等。
詹姆斯被誉为西方现代心理分析小说的开拓者。
亨利詹姆斯的创作生涯
詹姆斯从1864年起开始文学创作。
1873年,亨利詹姆斯迎来了人生的第三十个年头。
他决定做一点以前从未尝试过的事情。
他准备写首部长篇小说。
正因为如此,他酝酿第一部长篇《罗德里克赫德森》(Roderick Hudson)时所花的那几个月时间具有特殊意义。
詹姆斯相当直率地承认,叙事的萌芽源于一次晚宴上偶遇的安斯特鲁瑟汤姆逊夫人(Mrs.Anstruther Thompson),但他不曾肯透露是什么学究式的冲动促使自己着手创作。
而在他于1873年5月31日写给哥哥威廉詹姆斯的信件中就有这样一个暗示。
当时他住在佛罗伦萨,那天在一家书店的橱窗里看到了沃尔特佩特的新作《文艺复兴史研究》。
他在给哥哥的信中写道,就在那一刹那间,他像被火焰烧灼一般地想买下这本书,然后写上一份短评。
然而,他又写道,他意识到自己对该书所讨论的一些问题一无所知,所以就放弃了这个念头。
他表示,无论如何,自己都会写些不同的东西。
1879年中篇小说《黛西密勒》(Daisy Miller)使他一举成名。
小说描写美国姑娘黛西密勒游历欧洲时的遭遇。
她的天真浪漫、热情开朗的性格招来了许多误解和麻烦。
最后客死他乡。
小说将美国人的天真浪漫与欧洲人的世故奸诈进行了比较,肯詹姆斯并没有简单地肯定前者而否定后者,只是向读者真实地展现了新美国和旧大陆之间的道德文化冲突。
1881年出版的《一位女士的画像》(The Portrait of A Lady),是他早期创作中最具代表意义的作品。
小说中的女主人公伊莎贝尔从美国移居英国。
在一次意大利之行中,她认识了一位长期侨居欧洲的美国人,感到他趣味高雅、修养良好,就毫不犹豫地嫁给了他。
婚后发现丈夫爱的是她的财产。
伊莎贝尔在经过一系列痛苦的思索之后,还是决定维持和他的婚姻。
小说表现了美国资产者同欧洲封建贵族相处时相互吸引又相互抵触的主
题。
20世纪初,处于创作后期的詹姆斯接连发表《鸽翼》、《使节》和《金碗》3部长篇小说,使他的创作达到高峰。
《鸽翼》写一位英国记者为钱财追求一个患有不治之症的美国姑娘的故事。
《使节》描绘一位高雅的法国女人对一个美国阔少所产生的难以抗拒的魅力。
《金碗》通过一段继母与女婿私通的故事引发出了许多涉及道德问题的思索。
它们基本以人物微妙的内心活动为主,有时冗长烦琐,并显得晦涩难解。
詹姆斯的作品还有《波士顿人》(The Bostonians)、《卡萨玛西玛公主》( The Princess Casamassima)、《美国人》(The American)、《波英顿的珍藏品》(The Spoils of Poynton)等。
小说以外,还写过一些重要的文学评论、剧本、游记等。
詹姆斯被誉为西方现代心理分析小说的开拓者。
亨利詹姆斯的文学评价
亨利詹姆斯开创了心理分析小说的先河,在他的笔下,出现了仿佛是迷宫般的普通人的内心世界。
在《鸽翼》(TheWingsoftheDove,1902)中,他发掘了人物最幽微,最朦胧的思想和感觉,把太空中跳动的脉搏转化为形象。
在兰登书屋(RandomHouse)1996年评选的20世纪百部最佳英文小说中,亨利个人就占了三部。
像亨利詹姆斯(HenryJames)那样沉默寡言的小说家很少见。
尽管他在写给一位青年雕塑家的信件中透露出同性恋的倾向,但后人并无法肯定他们是否真的有过通常意义上的性生活。
许多作家以放任著称,詹姆斯则似乎因谨慎而扬名。
相比十九世纪下半叶的作家,例如英国的拉斐尔前派及其后继者,法国的现实主义小说家和颓废派诗人,詹姆斯鹤立鸡群,因为他从无绯闻缠身。
谨慎不但是他个人生活的最大特点,而且也体现在他的文学自信心上。
他那洋洋洒洒达数卷的自传、他的信件和他撰写的前言只是隐隐约约地透露出自身艺术的主要动力和源泉。
亨利詹姆斯是美国文学史上最重要的现实主义作家之一,他的名声与现实主义紧紧连在一起,他为现实主义理论的发展做出了卓越的贡献。
亨利詹姆斯在新批评派中占有举足轻重的地位,被喻为文学大师、西方现代小说的先驱。
詹姆斯提出的意识中心论对后来的意识流小说影响巨大。
中篇小说是詹姆斯偏爱的一种优美无比的艺术形式。
他认为把丰富多彩的内容纳入少而精的形式,这是对作家的一种挑战。
詹姆斯满怀激情地接受了这个挑战,把中篇小说创作的造诣提高到一个前无古人的水平。
亨利詹姆斯对个人道德品质的浓厚兴
趣。
这是深有文化教养的知识分子所怀有的人文主义倾向,而不是人们所熟悉的对贫苦大众的人道主义同情。
作者赞美优美而淳厚的品德,把个人品质高高置于物质利益甚至文化教养之上,个人品质和他人利益高于一切。
以欧洲人的眼光来看,詹姆斯是个跨越国界的文学大师,但他的艺术风格与马克吐温的文学传统背道而驰,所以他在世时,钟情于他的美国读者为数不多。
马克吐温酷爱富有想吐色彩的民众口语,詹姆斯则爱用晦涩难懂的副词和长句,堆砌比喻,对话过分雕琢,意思含糊不清。
因此,他和他的作品一度受到指责,直到两次世界大战之前,美国出现了第二次文艺复兴时,作为小说家和批评家的詹姆斯才受到充分重视。
他被公认为美国一位杰出的心理现实主义小说家。