中考英语复习资料

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2024中考英语真题专项复习动词短语辨析含解析

2024中考英语真题专项复习动词短语辨析含解析

动词短语辨析01单项选择1.(2024新疆)7.—I don't know how to ________ the old clothes.— You can give them away to the charity.A.hand in B.deal with C.take up D.clean up2.(2024贵州铜仁)33.一Fangfang, shall we go to see a film on Saturday?一Sorry. I'll have to_______my younger brother because my mother is out.A. look atB. look forC. look upD. look after3.(2024贵州铜仁)34.一Maria, what do you think of Mount Fanjing?- Very cool. I_______ there once. I'd like to go there again.A. has beenB. have beenC. have goneD. has gone4.(2024山东滨州)10.—Tom, it smells so terrible here.— Sorry, mum. I will ________my socks and wash them right away.A.put off B.take off C.turn off D.cut off5.(2024四川甘孜州)9.We have to ________ the sports meeting for the bad weather. A.put on B.put up C.put off6.(2024四川自贡)6.—We should form the good habit of saving food now?—I agree, so I always _______ the food I order.A.eat up B.give up C.turn up7.(2024四川广元)8.The song Dream It Possible often reminds me that we should always try our best and never ______catching our dreams.A.give up B.take up C.put up8.(2024黑龙江哈尔滨)9.—Who do you admire most, Yang Ming?—Zhong Nanshan. Not only I but also my classmates ________ him.A.look forward to B.look up to C.are up to9.(2024四川凉山)6.A lot of schools across China ________ starting classes because of COVID-19.A.put up B.put off C.put on D.put away10.(2024黑龙江牡丹江)9.—Why are you late for dinner, Jim?—At first I wanted to take a taxi, but I _______ walking here because of the heavy traffic.A.ended up B.took up C.gave up11.(2024黑龙江大庆)6.It's a good habit to ________ the lights before leaving the classroom.A.go on B.go off C.turn on D.turn off12.(2024黑龙江龙东地区(农垦))9.—Kate, don't forget to _____ the light when you leave the room.—OK, mom.A.cut off B.put off C.turn off13.(2024黑龙江龙东地区(农垦))18.I ______ Ding Talk ______ Tencent Meeting, What about you?A.prefer;to B.would rather;than C.like;than14.(2024贵州安顺)11.Drugs are harmful to people's physical and mental health. We teenagers must ________ them.A.take care of B.keep away from C.get used to15.(2024安徽)10.We are supposed to smart phones and take more exercise instead.A.take up B.put away C.look into D.give out16.(2024黑龙江绥化市)22.The coat looks very nice. Can I ______?A.try it on B.try on it C.try them on17.(2024湖北鄂州)9.The Tokyo Olympics will be ______ because of the disease around the world.A.put up B.put off C.put on D.put away18.(2024湖北武汉)14.—You have plenty of homework, don’t you?—Yeah, it________ the little time I have outside of school.A.makes up B.takes up C.turns down D.breaks down19.(2024湖南岳阳)6.The school________ the sports meeting because of the bad weather.A.put off B.put up C.put on20.(2024江苏连云港)10.The Chinese language has become a bridge to________ China_______ the rest of the world.A.connect.. to B.translate.. into C.compare with D.separate…from21.(2024江苏南京)11.—Which bicycle should I choose, sir?—It ________ what you want to use it for.A.takes on B.carries on C.puts on D.depends on22.(2024江苏苏州)7.—Tony, come over. What do the letters “KIT” mean in the text message?—Don’t you know that, Amy? They _______ “keep in touch”.A.search for B.ask for C.go for D.stand for23.(2024辽宁丹东)10.—You seem tired. What's wrong?—I ________ to study for my English test last night.A.picked up B.woke up C.cheered up D.stayed up24.(2024辽宁丹东)16.It's rather cold here. You'd better ________ your coat. A.put away B.not put on C.not take off D.take off25.(2024辽宁锦州)2.—Bob, you have to finish your school project today. —Don’t worry, mum. I won’t ________ today’s work till tomorrow.A.put off B.take off C.give up D.set up26.(2024辽宁营口)12.—Tony's room is tidy, isn't it?—Yes. Because he always _______ his toys after playing with them.A.moves away B.puts away C.sweeps away D.gives away27.(2024河北)8.Some volunteers are going to the central park. Let's join them.A.put up B.clean up C.look up D.give up28.(2024山西)7.This year marks Earth Day's 50th birthday. It was created to remind people to ________ the earth — the home to all the living things. A.talk about B.care about C.hear about29.(2024山东菏泽)6.If buildings fall down with people inside,the snake robots can help________people under the buildings.A.take up B.look for C.cut up30.(2024山东青岛)4.Please remember to ________ the electricity and water before you leave the laboratory.A.take off B.shut off C.go off D.put off31.(2024山东青岛)6.Teachers expect all their students ________ progress day by day.A.to make B.make C.to take D.take32.(2024四川乐山)13.—Why don't you_________ smoking? It's very harmful. —I tried many times, but it's really hard.A.give up B.ring up C.put up33.(2024四川达州)4.—Mrs. Smith, I have some _______ sleeping. Would you mind _______ the music a bit, please?— OK, of course not.A.troubles;turning upB.trouble;turning downC.problem;to turn downD.problems;turning off34.(2024海南)14.Joey and Marina have lived a happy life since they _________. A.got hurt B.got lost C.got married35.(2024云南)9.Don’t ________ our hopes. As long as we pull together, we’ll make it.A.give up B.give out C.give back D.give away36.(2024吉林)11.We mustn’t_________ the bus until it stops.A.get off B.put off C.turn off37.(2024湖北黄冈)4.—It is very cold outside, dear. You haveto your warm jacket.—OK. I will, Mom.A.put on B.put off C.take off D.take up38.(2024湖北咸宁)7.—Michael, could you please help me ________ this math problem?—OK. Let me have a try.A.look up B.look after C.work out D.put away39.(2024湖北孝感)9.All children are ______ the day when they can go back to school.A.looking up B.taking care of C.taking out D.looking forward to40.(2024湖北宜昌)7.—Mum, I won the first prize in the speech competition! —Wonderful! As long as you _______ yourself and keep trying, you will succeed. A.dress up B.believe in C.pick up D.leave out41.(2024甘肃天水)38.—Shall we go to the airport to _______ your sister? —No. She will come here by taxi.A.give up B.pick up C.look after D.come across42.(2024江苏盐城)12.These activities at bedtime can get kids excited and make it hard for them to and sleep.A.come down B.break down C.calm down D.sit down43.(2024广东深圳)6.—Sam, could you tell me something about Earth Hour? —Sure. People usually turn off lights and keep them off for an hour. A.switch off B.take off C.get off44.(2024广东深圳)9.—Do you mind ________ the opening time of Shenzhen Library? —No problem! I'll check it on its website right now.A.looking after B.looking up C.looking like45.(2024广东深圳)11.—Whenever I nod to Jenny, she________ my greeting witha big smile.—She is always so cheerful.A.replies to B.points to C.laughs at46.(2024广西北部湾)7.—Andy, please ________the book on the floor.—No problem.A.pick up B.take off C.put on D.set up47.(2024广西贵港)9.—Could you help me ______ the opening time on the Website? —OK. I’ll do it at once.A.look back B.look up C.look after D.look like48.(2024广西贵港)10.—Tom, do you often clean your room by yourself? —Yes. I don't like to________ my parents too much. I am not a child any longer. A.depend on B.work on C.get on D.turn on49.(2024内蒙古包头)7.He's already playing in a band, and he only ______ playing the guitar a year ago!A.took up B.set up C.put up D.gave up50.(2024云南昆明)10.It's reported that the 2024 Tokyo Olympic Games have been ________until July 23,2024.A.put up B.put down C.put on D.put off51.(2024湖北襄阳)10.—Have you ever seen the 3D film?—Yes. It can make you _________ being in the real situation.A.grow up B.look over C.show up D.feel like52.(2024湖北襄阳)12.—To the students, what should the teacher ______ at school? —Of course the ways they study, I think.A.give up B.part with C.care about D.clear out53.(2024湖北天门等)4.—Linda ________ her mother.—Yeah. Both of them have curly hair and blue eyes.A.looks like B.looks at C.looks after D.looks for54.(2024湖北黄石)10.—Angela, I want to make Russian soup .Would you please tell me how?—I’m glad to. First, you need to________the vegetables and beef.A.cut up B.cut down C.cut off D.cut out55.(2024湖北十堰)11.—I can't hear clearly. Please ______ the radio a little. —Just one minute. I'll do it right away.A.turn on B.turn off C.turn up D.turn down56.(2024江苏泰州)12.Sandy seldom goes out at weekends because reading ________ most of her free time.A.takes up B.takes on C.takes off D.takes out57.(2024江苏扬州)12.No matter how far you have gone down the wrong road, ________. A.turn back B.turn off C.turn out D.turn over58.(2024江苏徐州)1.Look at the picture on the right. What is the woman probably saying?A.Come in please.B.Turn round please.C.Stand up please.D.Hold on please.59.(2024江苏徐州)4.We can________the TV. Nobody is watching it.A.turn off B.turn on C.turn up D.turn down60.(2024江苏淮安)6.My brother often _________ his spare time to help me with my spoken English.A.puts up B.gives up C.opens up D.tidies up61.(2024江苏南通)12.— Hello! This is Kevin speaking. May I speak to Mr. Cao? —Please _________. I’ll put you through.A.come on B.move on C.hold on D.try on62.(2024四川泸州)5.—How was your trip in the mountains last weekend? —Fantastic. We even a tent by the lake and lay in it. A.put on B.put offC.put down D.put up63.(2024贵州黔南州)12.Would you please _______ the light? It's very dark now. A.turn to B.turn on C.turn off D.turn around64.(2024黑龙江龙东地区)18.—Dr. Zhong Nanshan preferred _______to Wuhan rather than _______at home safely.—What a great doctor!A.to go; to stay B.go; to stay C.to go; stay65.(2024山东日照)9.The 32nd Olympic Games have been _______ to 2024 because of the outbreak of COVID-19.A.put away B.put out C.put off D.put up66.(2024山东东营)19.By the end of 2025, garbage-sorting systems (垃圾分类系统) will be _______ in Dongying.A.set up B.given up C.shut off D.brought out67.(2024山东临沂)24. We have to _______the school trip because of the bad weather.A. put offB. get offC. turn off68.(2024辽宁沈阳)7.Please _______ the rubbish and put it into the proper rubbish bin.A.look up B.get up C.grow up D.pick up69.(2024辽宁铁岭葫芦岛)10.Our government _______ to solve them quickly when we had difficulties at the beginning of this year.A.took action B.took off C.took in D.took place70.(2024江苏常州)9.A great deal of my time is_______ with practicing playing the guitar.A.taken up B.made up C.put up D.set up71.(2024辽宁大连)19.It’s too noisy here. Please ask him to ____the radio a little.A.turn down B.fall down C.shut down D.come down72.(2024江苏宿迁)10.—Dad,would you please____a brighter light in my bedroom?—Certainly.A.put in B.hand out C.hand in D.put out73.(2024山东莱芜)9.—It’s too hot today.—Yes. Why don’t you your jacket?A.put on B.put upC.take off D.take after74.(2024湖北荆州)8.— What is it that smells so terrible, Ted?—I’m sorry I will _______ my socks and put them in the washer.A.take off B.give out C.put up D.keep away75.(2024内蒙古呼和浩特)8.My mother_______ reading books at home_______ invited to dinners at times.A.preferred; to being B.preferred to; rather thanC.preferred; than being D.preferred; to be76.(2024内蒙古呼和浩特)9.In this company a large number of people, _______ my parents, _______over 1000 yuan to help Wuhan.A.includes; gave inB.include; gave outC.including; gave upD.including; gave away77.(2024天津)5.Lang Ping is a symbol of courage and success, and we _____ her. A.come from B.stand forC.take pride in D.get ready for78.(2024广西玉林)3.—Eric, can you come back to my birthday dinner on July 7th as usual?—Sorry, I can't. The gaokao of this year is_______ until that day because of the COVID-19.A.put up B.put off C.put on D.put down79.(2024吉林长春)22.Students often _______ their best wishes on the blackboard before graduation.A.cut down B.pull down C.write down D.die down80.(2024湖南株洲)10.Please ________the computer, Lily. It's time for you to go to bed.A.turn off B.turn up C.turn on81.(2024西藏)21.I’m afraid his radio is too noisy. Will you please tell him to ______ a little?A.turn it down B.turn it up C.turn it on D.turn it off82.(2024山东济南)22.You don't need to ______every new word in the dictionary while reading English novels.A.look up B.look for C.look through D.look after参考答案:1.【答案】B【解析】句意:——我不知道如何处理这些旧衣服。

【中考复习资料】初中英语复习知识点汇总

【中考复习资料】初中英语复习知识点汇总
(威胁要打人)我非揍你不可,我要揍扁你
②Knock sb∕sth into a cocked hat
远远胜过某人(或事物);大大超过;是相形见绌
L
lead:引导;指引;领导;名词,铅
lead to导致;通向
leader:n领袖
leadership:n领导力
leave:vi离开
leave for去往,使某人或某物处于某种状态
date:vt约会;n日期
date sb,约会某人
depen:vi依靠,依赖
depend on依赖,取决于
①dependent:adj依靠的,依赖的②dependence:n依赖,依存,瘾,相关(性),依存(关系)③independent:adj独立的
describe:vt描述
①description:n描述
C
calendar:n日历
cancel:vt取消
capital:n首都,资本,大写字母;adj死刑的,大写的,极好的
comfortable:adj舒服的
be comfortable with自在的
①uncomfortable:adj不舒服的②comfort:n舒服;vt安慰
culture:n文化
cultural:adj文化的
⑤过去进行时
②一般现在时
④一般将来时
⑥现在完成时
常考被动语态
①一般现在时②一般过去时③一般将来时
非谓语动词(动词不定式做宾语.宾语补足语.目的状语)
中考高频词
高频词
常用搭配
衍生词汇
A
able:adj有能力的
be able to do sth
有能力做某事
enable:vt使......能,可以用来替换make

中考英语知识点总结归纳

中考英语知识点总结归纳

中考英语知识点总结归纳(1200字)中考英语考试是学生升学的重要门槛,需要掌握一定的英语知识点。

下面是对中考英语知识点的总结归纳,帮助学生梳理复习重点。

一、基础语法1.时态:简单现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、一般过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时等。

2.动词的用法:be动词、情态动词、不定式、动名词等。

3.句型结构:肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、祈使句、感叹句等。

4.并列连词:and, but, or, so等。

5.从句:宾语从句、主语从句、定语从句、状语从句等。

二、词汇与短语1.基本词汇:人物、地点、动物、事物、日常用语等。

2.时态词汇:过去、现在、将来等。

3.描述性词汇:形容词、副词,以及相关的程度副词等。

4.动作词汇:行为动词、运动动词等。

5.习惯用语:首先、其次、最后、比如、例如、由于、因此、所以、当然、不过、总之等。

三、听力理解1.听力题型:听音选图、听音选句子、听音排序、听音问答等。

2.听力技巧:注意细节、判断短语辨音、抓住关键词等。

3.听力材料:对话、短文等。

四、阅读理解1.阅读题型:选择题、判断题、填空题、配对题、排序题等。

2.阅读技巧:预读题目、略读全文、找关键词、根据上下文猜词义等。

3.阅读材料:图文、短文、说明文、广告等。

五、写作1.作文题目:提纲式作文、图画作文、故事作文、夹叙夹议作文等。

2.写作技巧:写作结构、使用恰当的语法和词汇、避免重复等。

3.写作要点:面面俱到地回答问题、逻辑清晰、语言表达流畅等。

六、口语表达1.日常用语:问候、介绍、邀请、道歉、表达感谢、提供帮助等。

2.礼貌用语:感谢、道歉、请求等。

3.提问与回答:问问题时要使用疑问词、回答问题时要简明扼要。

七、其他问题1.数词用法:基数词、序数词、分数等。

2.复合形容词:数量+名词+形容词、时间+名词+形容词等。

3.介词用法:表示时间、地点、原因、目的等。

中考英语语法总复习(精华版)

中考英语语法总复习(精华版)

中考英语语法总复习(精华版)Ⅰ词类。

专有名词:表示人名、月份、日期、地名等。

如China, John, London, the USA, Harbin .个体名词:表示单个的人或事物。

如boat, chair, desk, apple .集体名词:表示一群人或一些事物的总称。

如family, people, class, police . 可数名词普通名词物质名词:表示无法分为个体的物质。

如water, air, tea, sea, money, cotton .抽象名词:表示抽象概念的词。

如health, help, work, friendship . 不可数名词 2.名词的数。

可数名词有单复数,不可数名词没有单复数。

3.名词的格:名词有三个格:主格(作主语)、宾格(作宾语)、和所有格。

其中只有名词的所有格有形式变化。

(二)冠词1.定冠词-the .○1特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。

The students are very good.○2说话人与听话人都知道的人或事物。

Where is the toilet ?○3重复提到上文的人或事物。

I have a cat , the cat is white and black .○4表示世界上独一无二的事物。

The moon moves around the earth .○5形容词最高级和序数词前和表示方位的名词前。

I am the oldest . He is the first to school . I live in the south .○6乐器的名称前常用定冠词-the 。

I like playing the piano / violin .○7和某些形容词连用,使形容词名词化,代表某一类人。

We should help the poor .○8放在某些专有名词前。

We will go to visit the Great Wall next week . the people’s Republic of China .○9放在姓氏的复数形式前,表示全家人或夫妇两人。

中考英语高频考点复习有什么

中考英语高频考点复习有什么

中考英语高频考点复习有什么中考进入倒计时,初三的考生们是不是在紧锣密鼓的复习中,你是不是很怕英语考不好呢?你知道初中英语知识点有哪些吗?下面是小编给大家带来的中考英语高频考点复习,欢迎大家阅读参考,我们一起来看看吧!中考英语高频考点复习1.stop to do sth. 和stop doing sth.“stop to do sth。

” 表示停止做其它事情而去做“to do sth。

”所表示的事情,可以将“to do sth。

”理解成“stop”的目的状语;“stop doing sth。

”表示不做“doing sth。

”所表示的事情。

例如:“Stop talking. Let’s begin our class。

” said the teacher. 老师说:“别说话了,让我们开始上课。

”We have kept doing our homework for along time. Let’s stop to listen to music. 我们做家庭作业很长时间了,让我们停下来听听音乐。

2.forgetto do sth。

和forget doingsth. (remember to do sth. 和remember doing sth。

)“forget to do sth。

”表示将来不要忘记做某事,谈的是未来的事情;“forget doing sth。

”表示忘记过去应该做的事情。

例如:“Don’tforget to do your homework。

” said the teacher beforethe class was over.老师在下课前说:“不要忘记做家庭作业。

”“I’m sorry. Iforgot doing my homework. May I hand it in this afternoon, Mr. Chen?” said Li Ming.李明说:“对不起,我忘记做家庭作业了。

中考英语复习资料

中考英语复习资料

中考英语复习资料中考英语复习资料11.动词的八种时态的构成及用法;2.动词被动语态的构成及用法;3.非谓语动词的构成及用法;4.近义动词的用法区别。

【名师点睛】1.动词的时态英语时态用共有十六种时态,其中常用的有8种,它们是:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。

(1)一般现在时的基本用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

时间状语:every…, sometimes,at…, on SundayI leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

I dont want so much.5) 某些动词如come, go, move, stop, leave, arrive, be, finish, continue, start 等,在一般现在时句中可用来表示将来肯定会发生的动作。

The train comes at 3 oclock.6) 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,一般现在时代替一般将来时。

Ill help you as soon as you have problem.Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him.(2)一般过去时的用法:表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句,如yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。

2023年中考英语总复习英语精华知识点全汇总建议收藏

2023年中考英语总复习英语精华知识点全汇总建议收藏

2023年中考英语总复习英语精华知识点全汇总建议收藏英语语法重点与难点> as…as…结构:You' re a boy as good as Tom.二You' re as good a boy asTom.你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。

1、(1) too…to与so…that sb. can' t…的句型转换:前者为简单句,主语只有一个,而后者为复合句,主语有两个:The man was too angry to be able to speak.The man was so angry that he wasn' t able to speak.(2)too…to…与not enough to句型的转换:He is too young to get married. =He is not old enough to get married.The book is too difficult for me to read.=The book isnot easy enough for me to read.2、形容词原级表示比拟级含义: 的知觉中。

如:Did it occur to you to phone them about it?你难道没想到就这事给他们打个?事件作主语时,happen和occur可以通用?如:The accident happened/occurred yesterday. 事故是昨天发生的。

take place指事件发生,但常用来表示“举行”的意思,带有非偶然性?如:The meeting took place last night.会议昨晚举行。

14.in front of, in the front of in front of的意思是“在前面”。

如:There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵树。

中考英语总复习知识点

中考英语总复习知识点

中考复习系列一词汇词类知识一、中考要求:词汇是英语的基础,而弄清每一个词的词类是用词、造句、阅读和写作的基础。

词类在中考的考查一般通过在名词、动词、形容词等各种词性的考查中表现出来。

如判断各类词在句子中可以作的成分来决定使用哪个词形,词与词之间的搭配关系等。

二、知识要点:根据语法功能,词可分为十类:名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词、连词和感叹词。

1.名词(n.):名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念,如:boy男孩,morning早晨,duty责任;在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。

例如:Thetomatoesonthetableareveryfresh.桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。

(作主语)Heisadoctor.他是个医生。

(作表语)We’llcallthebabyMary.我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。

(作宾语补足语)2.代词(pro.):代词用来代替名词或数词,如:we我们,their他们的,that 那个,several几个;在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。

例如:Iknowhersister.Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.我认识她妹妹,她乐于助人。

(I和she作主语;her作定语;others作宾语)TheEnglishteacherisnothimselftoday.英语老师今天不舒服。

(作表语)3. 数词(num.)数词表示数目和顺序,即基数词和序数词。

如:one一个,thousand千,twelfth第十二;在句子主要作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。

例如:ThreeofusarefromBeijing.我们中有三个人是北京来的。

(作主语)Youarethesecondonetocometoseeme.你是第二个来看我的人。

(作定语)Wedon’tneedsomanypeople.Weneedonlyfive.我们不需要这么多人,我们只需要五个。

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中考复习系列一词汇词类知识一、中考要求:词汇是英语的基础,而弄清每一个词的词类是用词、造句、阅读和写作的基础。

词类在中考的考查一般通过在名词、动词、形容词等各种词性的考查中表现出来。

如判断各类词在句子中可以作的成分来决定使用哪个词形,词与词之间的搭配关系等。

二、知识要点:根据语法功能,词可分为十类:名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词、连词和感叹词。

1. 名词(n.):名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念,如:boy 男孩,morning 早晨,duty 责任;在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。

例如:The tomatoes on the table are very fresh. 桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。

(作主语)He is a doctor. 他是个医生。

(作表语)We’ll call the baby Mary. 我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。

(作宾语补足语)2. 代词(pro.):代词用来代替名词或数词,如:we 我们,their 他们的,that 那个,several 几个;在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。

例如:I know her sister. She is always ready to help others. 我认识她妹妹,她乐于助人。

(I和she作主语;her作定语;others作宾语)The English teacher is not himself today. 英语老师今天不舒服。

(作表语)3.数词(num.)数词表示数目和顺序,即基数词和序数词。

如:one 一个,thousand 千,twelfth 第十二;在句子主要作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。

例如:Three of us are from Beijing. 我们中有三个人是北京来的。

(作主语)You are the second one to come to see me. 你是第二个来看我的人。

(作定语)We don’t need so many people. We need only five.我们不需要这么多人,我们只需要五个。

(作宾语)4. 形容词(adj.)形容词表示人或事物的特征,如big 大的,white白色的;在句中主要作表语、定语、补足语等。

Look! Your bike is bigger than mine. 看,你的自行车比我的大。

(作表语)He found the door open. 他发现门是开着的。

(作宾语补足语)5. 副词(adv.)副词表示时间、地点、程度、动作特征等,如:now 现在,often 经常,quietly 安静地;在句中主要作状语,修饰形容词、副词、动词、句子等。

例如:She can sing very well. 她歌唱得非常好。

(修饰副词well)He stepped into the room quietly without being noticed.他悄悄地走进房间,没有人注意到他。

(修饰动词stepped)6. 动词(v.)动词用来表示动作或状态,如:speak 说,lie 躺,become 成为;在句中主要作谓语或与名词、形容词、实义动词等一起构成复合谓语。

例如:He bought a computer yesterday. 他昨天买了一台电脑。

(作谓语)Tom was sick at home. 汤姆有病在家。

(与形容词一起构成复合谓语)7. 冠词(art.)冠词用于名词前,对名词起限制作用,包括不定冠词a/ an 一个,定冠词the 这/那个,这/那些。

There are some vegetables in the basket. 篮子里有些蔬菜。

8. 介词(prep.)介词用于名词或代词前,表示与其他词的关系。

如on 在……上面,for 为……。

I have waited here for three hours. 我在这里等了三个小时了。

9. 连词(conj.)连词用于连接词与词、短语与短语或句子与句子,如and 和,but 但是,when 当……时候。

We talked and talked until he came. 我们一直谈到他来。

10. 感叹词(interj.)感叹词用来表示说话时的感情或口气。

如:hi 嗨,hello 喂,aha 啊哈,wow 哇。

Ah, here is the thing I’m after. 啊,我找的东西在这里呢。

三、易错点点拨:1. 形容词和副词用法混淆,例如:Children on the playground are playing happy. 操场上的孩子们高兴地玩着。

〔解析〕happy 是形容词,这个句子应该用副词修饰动词,应改为happily。

When his father heard this, he got angrily. 他爸爸听到这,就生气了。

〔解析〕get是系动词,后面要接形容词表示主语的状态,angrily应改为angry。

Look! It is raining hardly outside. 外面雨下得很大。

〔解析〕副词hard(猛烈地)误用为hardly(几乎不)。

再如容易错误的把friendly、lovely 等形容词当作副词来使用。

2. 连词和副词用法混淆,例如:We were very tired, however, we felt excited. 我们很累,但是很兴奋。

〔分析〕however是副词,不能连接句子,应把however, 改为but,或者改为:We were very tired。

However, we felt excited.3. 介词和副词用法混淆,例如:He told me the teacher asked me to come into. 他告诉我老师让我进去。

〔解析〕into是介词,应该接宾语,否则就应该用in代替into。

也可以改成come into the classroom。

总之,英语的词类在英语应用中起着很大作用,尤其在书面表达中,而且也是中考经常考查的内容,如在用所给词的正确形式填空中就经常出现词类转换的例子。

构词法知识一、中考要求:中考关于构词法的要求是:了解合成词、派生词构成的基本知识,掌握一定的单词转化规则;最经常用到的单词前缀和后缀变化;了解一些合成词的构成及用法等。

二、知识要点:1.合成法:合成法是英语单词的最基本的构词法。

它通常由两个单词合在一起构成与这两个单词意思有关系和联系的新单词。

合成词的特点是:两个单词合在一起构成新的单词,有时要加连字符,有时可能有一些词形方面的变化。

例如:class + room -classroom 教室black + board -blackboard 黑板bath + room -bathroom浴室day + dreaming -daydreaming 白日梦kind + heart+ed -kindhearted 好心的good + look+ing -good-looking 好看的man + made -man-made 人造的well + known -well-known著名的掌握合成法的构词方法会对单词的记忆和生词的推测有很大帮助,例如:〔例句〕What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence?〔解析〕这个句子是阅读理解题中经常出现的一个问题,underlined可能对一些同学来说是个生词。

我们可以看出它是由under和line加上-d构成的,因此很容易猜出词义是“下面划线的”。

2. 派生法派生法是英语构词法最广泛的,也是最常用的方法。

派生词包括加前缀和后缀两种形式。

前缀:是在单词的前面加的某些固定的字母组合,经常见到的前缀有im-,un-,dis-,in-,a-,tele-等。

其中im-,un-,dis-,in-,一般构成反义词。

例如:honest 诚实的-dishonest 不诚实的possible 可能的-impossible 不可能的happy 高兴的-unhappy 不高兴的polite 有礼貌的-impolite 没有礼貌的〔例句〕It is _____ (possible) for you to write such a long novel in an hour. It may take you one day.〔解析〕答案是impossible。

从后面句子的意思“可能要花一天时间”理解一个小时写如此长的小说是不可能的,所以加前缀构成反义词impossible,表示“不可能的”,这样前后句子的意思保持一致。

〔例句〕They don’t like your brother because he is a very ______ (honest) boy.〔解析〕答案是dishonest。

从前面句子的意思“他们不喜欢你的弟弟”可以理解后面的句子是加前缀构成的dishonest表示“不诚实”的意思,表示不喜欢的原因。

后缀:后缀是在单词的后面加的某些固定的字母组合。

经常见到的后缀有:(1)名词后缀:-er,-or,-tion,-ian,-ment,-ness等。

例如:art 艺术-artist 艺术家move 移动-movement 运动educate 教育-education 教育teach 教-teacher 教师act 表演-actor 男演员translate 翻译-translation 翻译〔例句〕Three ______ (visit) will come to our village and teach us English.〔解析〕答案是visitors。

从句子的意思可以理解是三个“参观者”,所以在visit的后面加后缀变为名词visitors。

(2)副词后缀:一般由形容词+ly或-ward(s)等后缀变为副词。

例如:easy容易的-easily容易地heavy大的、重的-heavily 沉重地、很重地〔例句〕Look! It is raining ________ (heavy) outside now.〔解析〕答案是heavily。

从句子的结构可以看出应该用副词修饰动词rain,heavy的副词是变y为i,加后缀-ly构成。

(3)形容词后缀:一般由名词+-y,-able,-ful,-ive,-less,-al等后缀构成形容词。

如表示天气的名词加后缀-y构成形容词:rain雨-rainy有雨的wind风-windy有风的cloud云-cloudy多云的〔例句〕What’s the weather like today? It’s ______ (fog).〔解析〕答案是foggy。

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