《社会医学》英文
社会医学英语作文模板

社会医学英语作文模板英文回答:Social Medicine。
Social medicine is a branch of medicine that focuses on the social and environmental factors that affect health and disease. It is a relatively new field, with its roots in the 19th century. However, it has become increasingly important in recent years as we have come to understand the complex relationship between health and society.Social medicine encompasses a wide range of topics, including:The social determinants of health。
The impact of poverty, inequality, and discrimination on health。
The role of social support and social networks in health。
The impact of environmental factors on health。
The development and implementation of health policy。
Social medicine research has shown that social and environmental factors play a major role in health and disease. For example, people who live in poverty are more likely to experience chronic diseases such as heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. They are also more likely to die prematurely.Discrimination is another social factor that can have a negative impact on health. People who experience discrimination are more likely to suffer from mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety. They are alsomore likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors, such as smoking and drinking alcohol.Social support is an important protective factoragainst the negative effects of social and environmental stressors. People who have strong social networks are more likely to be healthy and happy. They are also more likely to be able to cope with stress and adversity.Environmental factors can also have a significant impact on health. Air pollution, water pollution, and climate change are all major threats to human health.Social medicine is a complex field, but it is essential for understanding the social and environmental factors that affect health and disease. By working to improve social and environmental conditions, we can help to create a healthier world for everyone.中文回答:社会医学。
《社会医学》课程教学大纲.doc

【掌握】中国卫生工作方针。
【熟悉】中国初级卫生保健策略。
【了解】健康中国2020战略、中国卫生事业发展“十二五”纲要、新世纪中国特色医疗卫 生改革策略。
思考题
1、实现“21世纪人人享有卫生保健”的行动计划是什么?
2、实施初级卫生保健的原则是什么?
3、结合我国城乡发展的现状,讨论如何在我国实现“21世纪人人享有卫生保健的目标”? 第十三章家庭保健
【掌握】卫生政策指标、与健康有关的社会、经济指标、卫生保健指标、卫生资源指标、 人群健康状况评价指标。
第三节世界卫生状况
【熟悉】全球主要健康问题。
【了解】全球总体健康状况。
第四节中国卫生状况
【熟悉】中国人群主要健康问题。
【了解】中国人群总体健康状况。
思考题
1、研究社会卫生状况的意义是什么?
2、评价社会卫生状况的卫生政策指标有哪些?
第三节卫生服务资源配置
【了解】卫生人力资源、卫生费用、卫生技术。
第四节卫生服务综合评价
【熟悉】综合评价、病人满意度和反应性评估、卫生服务绩效评估。
思考题
1、试述卫生服务需要和需求的含义及其内在联系?
2、卫生服务研究的基本内容是什么?
3、卫生服务反应性包括哪些内容。
第十一章社会卫生政策分析
第一节概述பைடு நூலகம்
【掌握】卫生政策的概念与功能。
2、试述不良行为生活方式产生的社会学观点?
3、行为生活方式及分类有哪些?
第八章生命质量评价
第一节概述
【学握】生命质量的相关概念。
【了解】生命质量研究的起源与发展。
【自学】生命质量评价特征。
第二节生命质量评价内容
【掌握】生命质量评价内容:生理状态、心理状态、社会功能状态与自评健康与幸福感 第三节生命质量评价量表
中英文刊名对照缩写

说明:个别期刊已经更改刊名,请登陆相关期刊网站,选用目前的新的刊名。
有些期刊本文档没有收录,也请登陆相关期刊网站查询.中国中西医结合杂志Chin J Integr Tradit West Med (Chin)中国结合医学杂志Chin J Integr Med部分医学期刊中英文刊名对照一栏表癌症 Chin J Cancer癌变畸变突变 Carcinog Teratogenesis Mutagen癌症康复 Cancer Rehabil按摩与导引 Chin Manipul Qigong Ther安徽中医临床杂志 Clin J Anhui Tradit Chin Med安徽医学 Anhui Yixue安徽中医学院学报 J Anhui Tradit Chin Med蚌埠医学院学报 Acta Acad Med Bengbu保健与生活 Health Life包头医学 Baotou Med J白求恩医科大学学报 J Norman Bethune Univ (Med Sci)北京口腔医学 Beijing J Stomatol北京医学 Beijing Med J北京军区医药 J Med Beijing Milit Region北京中医 Beijing J Tradit Chin Med北京中医药大学学报 J Beijing Univ Chin Med北京医科大学学报 J Beijing Med Univ北京生物医学工程 Beijing Bio Med Eng标记免疫分析与临床 Labeled Immunoassay Clin Med病毒学报 Chin J Virol白血病 J Leukemia白云医药信息 Baiyun Drugs Inf本钢医药 Bengang Med J博爱 Fraternity厂矿医药卫生 Med Health Factory Mine长春中医学院学报 J Changchun Coll Tradit Chin Med肠外与肠内营养 Parenter Enteral Nutr (确认)重庆医学 Chongqing Med J成都中医药大学学报 J Chengdu Univ Tradit Chin Med成都军区总医院院刊 J Chengdu Army Gen Hosp传染病临床与研究 The Clin Res the Infected Dis传染病信息 Infectious Disease Inf创伤骨科学报 Tramatol Orthop Quartly大众学报 Popular Med大众健康 Public Health大众优生 Mass Eugenics大家健康 Good Health for All第一军医大学学报 J The First Military Med Univ第一军医大学分校学报J Branch Campus the First Military Med Univ 第二军医大学学报Acad J Second Military Med Univ 对第三军医大学学报Acta Acad Med Militaris Tertiae第四军医大学学报J Fourth Milit Med Univ核对后大肠肛门病外科杂志 J Coloproctologicall Surg当代医学 Current Physician独生子的健康 Magazine for Only Child Health德国医学Deutsche Med德国临床用药 Drugs used in Germany东方气功 Oriental Sci Qigong东方营养 Oriental Health Preservation地方病通报 Endemic Dis Bull儿童与健康 Health for Baby耳鼻咽喉头颈外科Chin Arch Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 耳鼻喉学报 J Otolaryngol放射学实践 Radiologic Pract放射免疫学杂志 J Radioimmunol福建中医药 Fujian J Tradit Chin Med福建医药杂志 Fujian Med J福建医科大学学报 J Fujian Med Univ福建中医学院学报 J Fujian Coll Tradit Chin Med福州医药 Fujian Med腹部外科 J Abdominal Surg肝胆外科杂志 J Hepatobiliary Surg肝胆胰外科杂志Journal of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgJ Hepatopancreatobiliary Surg广西医科大学学报 J Guangxi Med Univ广西中医药Guangxi J Tradit Chin Med广州医药 Guangzhou Med J广州中医药大学学报 J Guangzhou Univ Tradit Chin Med广东医学Guangdong Med J广东寄生虫学会年报 Annual Bull the Society Parasitol, Guangdong Province 广东解剖学通报 Guangdong Anatomical Bull广东牙病防治 J Dental Prevent Treating广东药学院学报 Acad J Guangdong Pharm Coll广东医药 Guangdong Pharm J广东微量元素科学 Guangdong Trace Elements Sci广东卫生防疫 Guangdong J Health epidemic Prevent广西医学 Guangxi Med J广西预防医学 Guangxi J Prevent Med甘肃医药 Gansu Med Jl甘肃中医 Gansu J Tradit Chin Med甘肃中医学院学报 J Gansu Coll Tradit Chin Med赣南医药 Gannan Med J高原医学杂志 J High Altitude Med中华高血压杂志 Chin J Hypertension (原名:高血压杂志,中国高血压杂志)国际医药卫生导报 InterNatl Med Hygiene Guidance News国际旅行卫生 InterNatl Travel Health国医论坛 Forum Tradit Chin Med国外医学情报检索 Foreign Med Inf国外学者来访报告 Lectures by Visitors from Abroad国外医学。
MEDLINE与PubMed的区别

MEDLINE与PubMed的区别MEDLINE是一个数据库,是美国国立医学图书馆(The National Library of Medicine,NLM)生产的国际性综合生物医学信息书目数据库,是当前国际上最权威的生物医学文献数据库。
内容包括美国《医学索引》(Index Medicus,IM)的全部内容和《牙科文献索引》(Index to Dental Literature)、《国际护理索引》(International Nursing Index)的部分内容,涉及基础医学、临床医学、环境医学、营养卫生、职业病学、卫生管理、医疗保健、微生物、药学、社会医学等领域。
MEDLINE收录1966年以来世界70多个国家和地区出版的3400余种生物医学期刊的文献,近960万条记录。
目前每年递增30-35万条记录,以题录和文摘形式进行报道,其中75%是英文文献,70%-80%文献有英文文摘。
PubMed是一个免费的搜索引擎,是NLM所属的国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI)于2000年4月开发的,基于WEB的生物医学信息检索系统(/pubmed/),提供生物医学方面的论文搜寻以及摘要。
它的数据库来源有:MEDLINE、OLDMEDLINE、Record in process、Record supplied by publisher等,数据类型:期刊论文、综述以及与其他数据库链接。
其核心主题为医学,但亦包括其他与医学相关的领域,像是护理学或者其他健康学科。
它同时也提供对于相关生物医学资讯上相当全面的支援,像是生化学与细胞生物学。
PubMed的资讯并不包括期刊论文的全文,但可能提供指向全文提供者(付费或免费)的连结。
有人认为,PubMed和MEDLINE联机数据库只不过是同一内容的两种不同版本。
但是,当我们用这两个版本对同一个课题进行检索时,就会发现其结果明显不同。
主要表现在以下几点:(1)文献的收录范围 MEDLINE是PubMed系统的最大组成部分。
社会医学的利与弊英语作文

社会医学的利与弊英语作文英文回答:Advantages of Social Medicine:Comprehensive Approach: Social medicine adopts a holistic approach that considers the social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors that influence health and well-being.Focus on Prevention: By addressing the underlying social determinants of health, social medicine aims to prevent the onset of diseases and promote health equity.Improved Patient Outcomes: Social medicine interventions, such as lifestyle modifications, social support programs, and community outreach, have been shown to improve health outcomes for individuals and communities.Cost Reduction: By addressing the root causes of illhealth, social medicine can help reduce healthcare costs by preventing expensive chronic conditions.Social Justice: Social medicine promotes health equity by addressing disparities in access to healthcare, education, and other resources that contribute to health disparities.Disadvantages of Social Medicine:Complex Interventions: Social medicine interventions can be complex and difficult to implement, as they often involve collaboration between multiple sectors and stakeholders.Lack of Evidence: Some social medicine interventions may lack strong scientific evidence to support their effectiveness.Limited Scope: Social medicine may not be able to address all the factors that influence health, such as genetics and personal behaviors.Political Resistance: Social medicine approaches can sometimes face resistance from individuals or groups who believe it infringes on personal freedoms or threatens existing social structures.Slow Results: The benefits of social medicine interventions may take years or even generations to manifest, which can make it challenging to secure funding and support.中文回答:社会医学的优点:综合性方法,社会医学采用整体方法,考虑影响健康和福祉的社会、经济、文化和环境因素。
大学各个专业名称的英文翻译

中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称哲学 Philosophy哲学 Philosophy马克思主义哲学 Philosophy of Marxism中国哲学 Chinese Philosophy外国哲学 Foreign Philosophies逻辑学 Logic伦理学 Ethics美学 Aesthetics宗教学 Science of Religion科学技术哲学 Philosophy of Science and Technology经济学 Economics理论经济学 Theoretical Economics政治经济学 Political Economy经济思想史 History of Economic Thought经济史 History of Economic西方经济学 Western Economics世界经济 World Economics人口、资源与环境经济学 Population, Resources and Environmental Economics 应用经济学 Applied Economics国民经济学 National Economics区域经济学 Regional Economics财政学(含税收学) Public Finance (including Taxation)金融学(含保险学) Finance (including Insurance)产业经济学 Industrial Economics国际贸易学 International Trade劳动经济学 Labor Economics统计学 Statistics数量经济学 Quantitative Economics中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称国防经济学 National Defense Economics法学 Law法学 Science of Law法学理论 Jurisprudence法律史 Legal History宪法学与行政法学 Constitutional Law and Administrative Law刑法学 Criminal Jurisprudence民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学) Civil Law and Commercial Law(including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law ) 诉讼法学 Science of Procedure Laws经济法学 Science of Economic Law环境与资源保护法学 Science of Environment and Natural ResourcesProtection Law国际法学(含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、) International law(including International Public law, International Private Law and International Economic Law)军事法学 Science of Military Law政治学 Political Science政治学理论 Political Theory中外政治制度 Chinese and Foreign Political Institution科学社会主义与国际共产主义运动 Scientific Socialism and International Communist Movement中*史(含党的学说与党的建设) History of the Communist Party of China (including the Doctrine of China Party and Party Building)马克思主义理论与思想政治教育 Education of Marxist Theory and Education in Ideology and Politics国际政治学 International Politics国际关系学 International Relations外交学 Diplomacy社会学 Sociology社会学 Sociology人口学 Demography人类学 Anthropology民俗学(含中国民间文学) Folklore (including Chinese Folk Literature)民族学 Ethnology民族学 Ethnology马克思主义民族理论与政策 Marxist Ethnic Theory and Policy中国少数民族经济 Chinese Ethnic Economics中国少数民族史 Chinese Ethnic History中国少数民族艺术 Chinese Ethnic Art教育学 Education教育学 Education Science教育学原理 Educational Principle课程与教学论 Curriculum and Teaching Methodology教育史 History of Education比较教育学 Comparative Education学前教育学 Pre-school Education高等教育学 Higher Education成人教育学 Adult Education职业技术教育学 Vocational and Technical Education特殊教育学 Special Education教育技术学 Education Technology心理学 Psychology基础心理学 Basic Psychology发展与心理学 Developmental and Educational Psychology应用心理学 Applied Psychology体育学 Science of Physical Culture and Sports体育人文社会学 Humane and Sociological Science of Sports运动人体科学 Human Movement Science体育教育训练学 Theory of Sports Pedagogy and Training民族传统体育学 Science of Ethnic Traditional Sports文学 Literature中国语言文学 Chinese Literature文艺学 Theory of Literature and Art语言学及应用语言学 Linguistics and Applied Linguistics汉语言文字学 Chinese Philology中国古典文献学 Study of Chinese Classical Text中国古代文学 Ancient Chinese Literature中国现当代文学 Modern and Contemporary Chinese Literature中国少数民族语言文学 Chinese Ethnic Language andLiterature比较文学与世界文学 Comparative Literature and World Literature外国语言文学 Foreign Languages and Literatures英语语言文学 English Language and Literature俄语语言文学 Russian Language and Literature法语语言文学 French Language and Literature德语语言文学 German Language and Literature日语语言文学 Japanese Language and Literature印度语言文学 Indian Language and Literature西班牙语语言文学 Spanish Language and Literature阿拉伯语语言文学 Arabic Language and Literature欧洲语言文学 European Language and Literature亚非语言文学 Asian-African Language and Literature外国语言学及应用语言学 Linguistics and Applied Linguistics inForeign Languages新闻传播学 Journalism and Communication新闻学 Journalism传播学 Communication艺术学 Art艺术学 Art Theory音乐学 Music美术学 Fine Arts设计艺术学 Artistic Design戏剧戏曲学 Theater and Chinese Traditional Opera电影学 Film广播电视艺术学 Radio and television Art舞蹈学 Dance历史学 History历史学 History史学理论及史学史 Historical Theories and History of Historical Science 考古学及博物馆学 Archaeology and Museology历史地理学 Historical Geography历史文献学(含敦煌学、古文字学) Studies of Historical Literature (includingPaleography and Studies of Dunhuang)专门史 History of Particular Subjects中国古代史 Ancient Chinese History中国近现代史 Modern and Contemporary Chinese History世界史 World History理学 Natural Science数学 Mathematics基础数学 Fundamental Mathematics计算数学 Computational Mathematics概率论与数理统计 Probability and Mathematical Statistics应用数学 Applied mathematics运筹学与控制论 Operational Research and Cybernetics物理学 Physics理论物理 Theoretical Physics粒子物理与原子核物理 Particle Physics and Nuclear Physics原子与分子物理 Atomic and Molecular Physics等离子体物理 Plasma Physics凝聚态物理 Condensed Matter Physics声学 Acoustics光学 Optics无线电物理 Radio Physics化学 Chemistry无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry分析化学 Analytical Chemistry有机化学 Organic Chemistry物理化学(含化学物理) Physical Chemistry (including Chemical Physics) 高分子化学与物理 Chemistry and Physics of Polymers天文学 Astronomy天体物理 Astrophysics天体测量与天体力学 Astrometry and Celestial Mechanics地理学 Geography自然地理学 Physical Geography人文地理学 Human Geography地图学与地理信息系统 Cartography and Geography Information System大气科学 Atmospheric Sciences气象学 Meteorology大气物理学与大气环境 Atmospheric Physics and Atmospheric Environment 海洋科学 Marine Sciences物理海洋学 Physical Oceanography海洋化学 Marine Chemistry海洋生理学 Marine Biology海洋地质学 Marine Geology地球物理学 Geophysics固体地球物理学 Solid Earth Physics空间物理学 Space Physics地质学 Geology矿物学、岩石学、矿床学 Mineralogy, Petrology, Mineral Deposit Geology 地球化学 Geochemistry古生物学与地层学(含古人类学) Paleontology and Stratigraphy (including Paleoanthropology)构造地质学 Structural Geology第四纪地质学 Quaternary Geology生物学 Biology植物学 Botany动物学 Zoology生理学 Physiology水生生物学 Hydrobiology微生物学 Microbiology神经生物学 Neurobiology遗传学 Genetics发育生物学 Developmental Biology细胞生物学 Cell Biology生物化学与分子生物学 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology生物物理学 Biophysics生态学 Ecology系统科学 Systems Science系统理论 Systems Theory系统分析与集成 Systems Analysis and Integration科学技术史 History of Science and Technology工学 Engineering力学 Mechanics一般力学与力学基础 General and Fundamental Mechanics固体力学 Solid Mechanics流体力学 Fluid Mechanics工程力学 Engineering Mechanics机械工程 Mechanical Engineering机械制造及其自动化 Mechanical Manufacture and Automation机械电子工程 Mechatronic Engineering机械设计与理论 Mechanical Design and Theory车辆工程 Vehicle Engineering光学工程 Optical Engineering仪器科学与技术 Instrument Science and Technology精密仪器及机械 Precision Instrument and Machinery测试计量技术及仪器 Measuring and Testing Technologies and Instruments 材料科学与工程 Materials Science and Engineering材料物理与化学 Materials Physics and Chemistry材料学 Materialogy材料加工工程 Materials Processing Engineering冶金工程 Metallurgical Engineering冶金物理化学 Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy钢铁冶金 Ferrous Metallurgy有色金属冶金 Non-ferrous Metallurgy动力工程及工程热物理 Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics 工程热物理 Engineering Thermophysics热能工程 Thermal Power Engineering动力机械及工程 Power Machinery and Engineering流体机械及工程 Fluid Machinery and Engineering制冷及低温工程 Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering化工过程机械 Chemical Process Equipment电气工程 Electrical Engineering电机与电器 Electric Machines and Electric Apparatus电力系统及其自动化 Power System and its Automation高电压与绝缘技术 High Voltage and Insulation Technology电力电子与电力传动 Power Electronics and Power Drives电工理论与新技术 Theory and New Technology of Electrical Engineering电子科学与技术 Electronics Science and Technology物理电子学 Physical Electronics电路与系统 Circuits and Systems微电子学与固体电子学 Microelectronics and Solid State Electronics电磁场与微波技术 Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology信息与通信工程 Information and Communication Engineering通信与信息系统 Communication and Information Systems信号与信息处理 Signal and Information Processing控制科学与工程 Control Science and Engineering控制理论与控制工程 Control Theory and Control Engineering检测技术与自动化装置 Detection Technology and Automatic Equipment系统工程 Systems Engineering模式识别与智能系统 Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems导航、制导与控制 Navigation, Guidance and Control计算机科学与技术 Computer Science and Technology计算机软件与理论 Computer Software and Theory计算机系统结构 Computer Systems Organization计算机应用技术 Computer Applied Technology建筑学 Architecture建筑历史与理论 Architectural History and Theory建筑设计及其理论 Architectural Design and Theory城市规划与设计(含风景园林规划与设计) Urban Planning and Design(including Landscape Planning and Design)建筑技术科学 Building Technology Science土木工程 Civil Engineering岩土工程 Geotechnical Engineering结构工程 Structural Engineering市政工程 Municipal Engineering供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程 Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering防灾减灾工程及防护工程 Disaster Prevention and Reduction Engineering and Protective Engineering桥梁与隧道工程 Bridge and Tunnel Engineering水利工程 Hydraulic Engineering水文学及水资源 Hydrology and Water Resources水力学及河流动力学 Hydraulics and River Dynamics水工结构工程 Hydraulic Structure Engineering水利水电工程 Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering港口、海岸及近海工程 Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering测绘科学与技术 Surveying and Mapping大地测量学与测量工程 Geodesy and Survey Engineering摄影测量与遥感 Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing地图制图学与地理信息工程 Cartography and Geographic Information Engineering化学工程与技术 Chemical Engineering and Technology化学工程 Chemical Engineering化学工艺 Chemical Technology生物化工 Biochemical Engineering应用化学 Applied Chemistry工业催化 Industrial Catalysis地质资源与地质工程 Geological Resources and Geological Engineering矿产普查与勘探 Mineral Resource Prospecting and Exploration地球探测与信息技术 Geodetection and Information Technology地质工程 Geological Engineering矿业工程 Mineral Engineering采矿工程 Mining Engineering矿物加工工程 Mineral Processing Engineering安全技术及工程 Safety Technology and Engineering石油与天然气工程 Oil and Natural Gas Engineering油气井工程 Oil-Gas Well Engineering油气田开发工程 Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering油气储运工程 Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Engineering纺织科学与工程 Textile Science and Engineering纺织工程 Textile Engineering纺织材料与纺织品设计 Textile Material and Textiles Design纺织化学与染整工程 Textile Chemistry and Dyeing and Finishing Engineering服装设计与工程 Clothing Design and Engineering轻工技术与工程 The Light Industry Technology and Engineering制浆造纸工程 Pulp and Paper Engineering制糖工程 Sugar Engineering发酵工程 Fermentation Engineering皮革化学与工程 Leather Chemistry and Engineering交通运输工程 Communication and Transportation Engineering道路与铁道工程 Highway and Railway Engineering交通信息工程及控制 Traffic Information Engineering & Control交通运输规划与管理 Transportation Planning and Management载运工具运用工程 Vehicle Operation Engineering船舶与海洋工程 Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering船舶与海洋结构物设计制造 Design and Construction of Naval Architecture and Ocean Structure轮机工程 Marine Engine Engineering水声工程 Underwater Acoustics Engineering航空宇航科学与技术 Aeronautical and Astronautical Science and Technology飞行器设计 Flight Vehicle Design航空宇航推进理论与工程 Aerospace Propulsion Theory and Engineering航空宇航器制造工程 Manufacturing Engineering of Aerospace Vehicle人机与环境工程 Man-Machine and Environmental Engineering兵器科学与技术 Armament Science and Technology武器系统与运用工程 Weapon Systems and Utilization Engineering兵器发射理论与技术 Armament Launch Theory and Technology火炮、自动武器与弹药工程 Artillery, Automatic Gun and Ammunition Engineering军事化学与烟火技术 Military Chemistry and Pyrotechnics核科学与技术 Nuclear Science and Technology核能科学与工程 Nuclear Energy Science and Engineering核燃料循环与材料 Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials核技术及应用 Nuclear Technology and Applications辐射防护及环境保护 Radiation and Environmental Protection农业工程 Agricultural Engineering农业机械化工程 Agricultural Mechanization Engineering农业水土工程 Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering农业生物环境与能源工程 Agricultural Biological Environmental and Energy Engineering农业电气化与自动化 Agricultural Electrification and Automation林业工程 Forestry Engineering森林工程 Forest Engineering木材科学与技术 Wood Science and Technology林产化学加工工程 Chemical Processing Engineering of Forest Products环境科学与工程 Environmental Science and Engineering环境科学 Environmental Science环境工程 Environmental Engineering生物医学工程 Biomedical Engineering食品科学与工程 Food Science and Engineering食品科学 Food Science粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程 Cereals, Oils and Vegetable Protein Engineering 农产品加工及贮藏工程 Processing and Storage of Agriculture Products水产品加工及贮藏工程 Processing and Storage of Aquatic Products农学 Agriculture作物学 Crop Science作物栽培学与耕作学 Crop Cultivation and Farming System作物遗传育种学 Crop Genetics and Breeding园艺学 Horticulture果树学 Pomology蔬菜学 Olericulture茶学 Tea Science农业资源利用学 Utilization Science of Agricultural Resources土壤学 Soil Science植物营养学 Plant Nutrition植物保护学 Plant Protection植物病理学 Plant Pathology农业昆虫与害虫防治 Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control农药学 Pesticide Science畜牧学 Animal Science动物遗传育种与繁殖 Animal Genetics, Breeding and ReproductionScience动物营养与饲料科学 Animal Nutrition and Feed Science草业科学 Practaculture Science特种经济动物饲养学(含蚕、蜂等) The Rearing of Special-type Economic Animals (including Silkworm, Honeybees, etc.)兽医学 Veterinary Medicine基础兽医学 Basic Veterinary Medicine预防兽医学 Preventive Veterinary Medicine临床兽医学 Clinical Veterinary Medicine林学 Forestry林木遗传育种学 Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding森林培育学 Silviculture森林保护学 Forest Protection森林经理学 Forest Management野生动植物保护与利用 Wildlife Conservation and Utilization园林植物与观赏园艺 Ornamental Plants and Horticulture水土保持与荒漠化防治 Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating水产学 Fisheries Science水产养殖学 Aquaculture Science捕捞学 Fishing Science渔业资源学 Science of Fisheries Resources医学 Medicine基础医学 Basic Medicine人体解剖与组织胚胎学 Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology免疫学 Immunology病原生物学 Pathogenic Organisms病理学与病理生理学 Pathology and Pathophysiology法医学 Forensic Medicine放射医学 Radiation Medicine航空航天与航海医学 Aerospace and Nautical medicine临床医学 Clinical Medicine内科学(含心血管病学、血液病学、呼吸系病学、消化系病学、内分泌与代谢病学、肾脏病学、风湿病学、传染病学) Internal medicine (including Cardiology, Hematology, Respiratory, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nephrology, Rheuma-tology, Infectious Diseases)儿科学 Pediatrics老年医学 Geriatrics神经病学 Neurology精神病与精神卫生学 Psychiatry and Mental Health皮肤病与性病学 Dermatology and Venereology影像医学与核医学 Imaging and Nuclear Medicine临床检验诊断学 Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics护理学 Nursing外科学(含普通外科学、骨外科学、泌尿外科学、胸心血管外科学、神经外科学、整形外科学、烧伤外科学、野战外科学) Surgery (General Surgery, Orthopedics, Urology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Neurosurgery, Plastic Surgery, Burn Surgery, Field Surgery)妇产科学 Obstetrics and Gynecology眼科学 Ophthalmic Specialty耳鼻咽喉科学 Otolaryngology肿瘤学 Oncology康复医学与理疗学 Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy运动医学 Sports Medicine麻醉学 Anesthesiology急诊医学 Emergency Medicine口腔医学 Stomatology口腔基础医学 Basic Science of Stomatology口腔临床医学 Clinical Science of Stomatology公共卫生与预防医学 Public Health and Preventive Medicine流行病与卫生统计学 Epidemiology and Health Statistics劳动卫生与环境卫生学 Occupational and Environmental Health营养与食品卫生学 Nutrition and Food Hygiene儿少卫生与妇幼保健学 Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health卫生毒理学 Hygiene Toxicology军事预防医学 Military Preventive Medicine中医学 Chinese Medicine中医基础理论 Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine中医临床基础 Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine中医医史文献 History and Literature of Chinese Medicine方剂学 Formulas of Chinese Medicine中医诊断学 Diagnostics of Chinese Medicine中医内科学 Chinese Internal Medicine中医外科学 Surgery of Chinese Medicine中医骨伤科学 Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine中医妇科学 Gynecology of Chinese Medicine中医儿科学 Pediatrics of Chinese Medicine中医五官科学 Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine针灸推拿学 Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina of Chinese medicine 民族医学 Ethnomedicine中西医结合医学 Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine中西医结合基础医学 Basic Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative 中西医结合临床医学 Clinical Discipline of Chinese and WesternIntegrative Medicine药学 Pharmaceutical Science药物化学 Medicinal Chemistry药剂学 Pharmaceutics生药学 Pharmacognosy药物分析学 Pharmaceutical Analysis微生物与生化药学 Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy药理学 Pharmacology中药学 Science of Chinese Pharmacology军事学 Military Science军事思想学及军事历史学 Military Thought and Military History军事思想学 Military Thought军事历史学 Military History战略学 Science of Strategy军事战略学 Military Strategy战争动员学 War Mobilization战役学 Science of Operations联合战役学 Joint Operation军种战役学(含第二炮兵战役学) Armed Service Operation (including Operation of Strategic Missile Force)战术学 Science of Tactics合同战术学 Combined-Arms Tactics兵种战术学 Branch Tactics军队指挥学 Science of Command作战指挥学 Combat Command军事运筹学 Military Operation Research军事通信学 Military Communication军事情报学 Military Intelligence密码学 Cryptography军事教育训练学(含军事体育学) Military Education and Training (including Military Physical Training)军制学 Science of Military System军事组织编制学 Military Organizational System军队管理学 Military Management军队政治工作学 Science of Military Political Work军事后勤学与军事装备学 Science of Military Logistics and Military Equipment军事后勤学 Military Logistics后方专业勤务 Rear Special Service军事装备学 Military Equipment管理学 Management Science管理科学与工程 Management Science and Engineering工商管理学 Science of Business Administration会计学 Accounting企业管理学(含财务管理、市场营销学、人力资源管理学) Corporate Management (including Financial Management, Marketing, and Human Resources Management)旅游管理学 Tourist Management技术经济及管理学 Technology Economy and Management农林经济管理学 Agricultural and Forestry Economics & Management农业经济管理学 Agricultural Economics & Management林业经济管理学 Forestry Economics & Management公共管理学 Science of Public Management行政管理学 Administration Management社会医学与卫生事业管理学 Social Medicine and Health Management教育经济与管理学 Educational Economy and Management社会保障学 Social Security土地资源管理学 Land Resource Management图书馆、情报与档案学 Science of Library, Information and Archival 图书馆学 Library Science情报学 Information Science档案学 Archival Science。
社会医学-绪论PPT

▪ 每年全世界每年新发1000万例左右,中国占10%左右; ▪ 存在严重的社会歧视现象;
▪ 常见人群:农民工、贫困人口;也是初三、高三学生以及高校大学 新生常见的传染病之一;
▪ 病因清楚,诊断简单,治疗方案由WHO推荐,而且实行免费治疗,
▪ 联合国千年发展目标(MDG):停止或开始就转结核病发病率、 患病率、死亡率的上升趋势
2020/2/9
22
4. 社会医学的学科性质
(feature and cy of social medicine)
▪ 应用性学科
▪ 简单地说,就是研究社会因素与健康和疾病之 间的关系及其规律的这样一门学科, 即通过控 制“社会因素”,减少疾病,增进健康,……。
9
案例一
结核病相关证据(Tuberculosis Facts)
▪ 结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引起的一种古老的传染病,以潜伏期长、 致死率高为主要特征,与艾滋病、疟疾一起,至今仍然是严重危害 着全球人类健康的三大传染病之一。
显的临床症状,高血压又被称为人类健康的“无形杀手”。 因
此努力提高高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率对保护人民健康具
有重要意义.
2020/2/9
16
?问题?
1. 影响高血压患病率的可能因素 2. 高血压的预防策略应包括哪些内容
2020/2/9
17
2. Main Contents of Social Medicine
近年来,由于全球人口进一步增长及城市化带来的人口密度剧增,为结核
分枝杆菌创造了新的有利传播环境。目前,虽然抗生素可对结核病进行有
效治疗,但由于耐药结核杆菌出现,使全球结核病防控面临挑战,如何阻
断结核病传播,防止其进一步向耐药及高致病性方向进化,是亟待解决的
社会医学专业词汇

《社会医学》专业英文词汇社会医学:social medicine医学社会学:medical sociology卫生事业管理学:health care management预防医学:preventive medicine社区医学:community medicine全科医生:general practitioner, GP功能主义理论:functionalism冲突理论:conflict theory社会解组论:social disorganization文化堕距:cultural lag社会因素:social determinants结构因素:structural determinants中介因素:intermediary determinants社会团结:social cohesion社会过程:social processes医学模式:medical model神灵主义医学模式:spiritual medical model自然哲学医学模式:natural philosophical medical model机械论医学模式:mechanistic medical model生物医学模式:biomedical model社会生态医学模式:social-ecological-medical model生物心理社会医学模式:bio-psycho-social medical model社会因素:social determinants社会经济地位:Social-economic Status, SES社会分层:Social Classification社会流动:social mobility社会阶级:social class地位群体:Status Group相对剥夺:Relative Deprivation社会排挤:Social Exclusion规范:norm符号文化:symbol社会结构:social structure社会群体:social group人群集合:population社会化过程:socialization内化:internalization生活机会:life chance健康生活方式:healthy Lifestyle求医行为:health-seeking behavior文化贫困:poverty of culture应激:stress生活事件行为医学:behavioral medicine性传播疾病:sexually transmitted disease, STD过程:process重复:repetition论证:demonstration伦理:ethics人类发展指数:Human Development Index, HDI量表:scale参与观察:participant observation局外观察(非参与观察):non-participant observation实地观察:field observation实验室观察:laboratory observation结构观察:constructed observation无结构观察:non-constructed observation深度访谈:in-depth interviews无结构访谈:unstructured interview文献分析:document analysis内容分析:content analysis二次分析:secondary analysis问卷:questionnaire开放式问题:open-ended question封闭式问题:closed-ended question信度:reliability效度:validity表面效度:face validity预测效度:predictive validity标准关联效度:criterion-related validity建构效度:construct validity内容效度:content validity回收率:response rate定量研究:quantitative study定性研究:qualitative study伤残调整期望寿命:Disability Adjusted Life Expectancy ,DALE健康期望寿命:Health Life Expectancy ,HALE伤残调整生命年:Disability Adjusted Life Year ,DALY减寿人年数:Potential Years of Life Lost ,PYLL无残疾期望寿命:Life Expectancy Free of Disability ,LEFD日常生活活动能力:ability of life, ADL标准寿命表减寿年数:standard Expected Years of Life Lost ,SEYLL 生活质量指数:physical quality of Life Index ,PQLI美国社会健康学会指标:American Social Health Association ,ASHA 生命质量:quality of life ,QOL健康相关生命质量:health related quality of life ,HRQOL健康意识:health perception机能状态:functional status心理状态:psychological state社会互动:social interaction危险因素:risk factor健康危险因素评价:health risk appraisal社会福利:social welfare社区诊断:community diagnosis社区卫生服务:community health services, CHS社区康复:community based rehabilitation健康维护组织:health maintenance organization ,HMO 国民健康保险制度:national health service ,NHS策略:strategy政策:policy利益相关集团分析:stakeholder Analysis。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
2010-12-11 Specialty Grade Number Name1. Fill Necessary Words in the blanks: (one point each; 20 points in total)(1). The nature of social medicine includes three characteristics:__________________, __________________, and practicality.(2). From history, there are four types of medical models: spiritualism medical model, _____________medical model, biomedical medical model, and___________________ medical model.(3). The famous philosopher and doctor from ancient Greece, _____________(希波拉底) had written a book named 《_________________》,in which he brought up his medical theory.(4). Engel, a famous psychiatrist and internal professor of Rochester University, New York state, brought up his theory in ______, based on the principle of “________________________”(5). Health is a state of completely physical, ________ and social well-being and not merely an absence of disease or _______.(6). Social health evaluation includes two necessary aspects. that is,__________ and corresponding _____________.(7). Primarily, addictive sociopath includes two aspects:_____________ addiction and compulsive__________.(8). In general, there are four kinds of sampling survey often used in actual research, such as simple random sampling; ________ sampling; stratified sampling and __________sampling.(9). Three aspects of index often adopted in the health service research, that is, the index of health service need, the index of health service ________ and the index of health service __________ .(10). Health resources index includes numbers of _______ per thousand people, hospital beds per thousand people, and trained assistants for _________ per thousand people in village.2. Give Judgment (right for √; wrong for ×.1 point each; 10 in total)[ ](1) The distribution of medical staff cannot be considered to be a index of health service resources.[ ] (2) The education level and infant mortality takes on an positive linear relationship.[ ] (3) Non-probability sampling is often used when the population cannot be defined or unavailable.[ ] (4) Cluster sample is frequently used in large-scale investigation, and the least expensive sample design.[ ] (5) The family status of one person doesn’t have influence on his or her additive action.[ ] (6) More traffic accidents often occur in downtown area.[ ] (7) Investigation and monitoring are two ways of getting data for research. [ ] (8) At present, the global burden of disease is calculated with DALY. [ ](9) The types of medical payment haven’t relation with the health service quality but have connected with efficiency and fairness of health service.(1) sociopath;(2) health;(3) sub-health;(4) sub-clinical disease4. Brief Statement: (4 points 20 total)(1). What’s the objective of social medicine research? (社会医学的研究对象是什么?)(2). What is the relation between the way of health service payment and the health level?(3). State in brief the procedures of health condition evaluation.(4). State in brief the theory of bio-psycho-socio medical model.5. Relate and Analyze: (9 points each; 18 in total)(1). Please relate the background under which the bio-psycho-socio medical model occurred.(2). Relate and analyze about why and how mother’s education backgroundAccording to some related cases , utilizing your learned knowledge relate: the cause, consequences and preventive measures of suicides.参考答案:一、填空1. subject- overlapping (交叉性),method-comprehensiveness(综合性)2. bio-psycho-socio, natural philosophical3. Hippocrates ,< About the nature of man >4. 1977, “disease, patient and environment”5. mental, infirmity6. health conditions, social factors7. material, behaviors8. systematic, cluster9. utilization, resources10. doctors, childbirthSpecialty Grade Number Name1. Fill Necessary Words in the blanks: (one point each; 20 points total)(1). The nature of social medicine includes three characteristics:__________________, __________________, and practicality.(2). From history, there are four types of medical models: spiritualism medical model,_____________medical model, biomedical medical model, and ___________________ medical model.(3). The famous philosopher and doctor from ancient Greece, _____________(希波拉底) had written a book named 《_________________》,in which he brought up his medical theory.(4). Engel, a famous psychiatrist and internal professor of Rochester University, New York state, brought up his theory in ______, based on the principle of“________________________”(5). Health is a state of completely physical, ________ and social well-being and not merely an absence of disease or _______.(6). Social health evaluation includes two necessary aspects. that is, __________ and corresponding _____________.(7). Primarily, addictive sociopath includes two aspects:_____________ addiction and compulsive__________.(8). In general, there are four kinds of sampling survey often used in actual research, such as simple random sampling; ________ sampling; stratified sampling and __________sampling.(9). Three aspects of index often adopted in the health service research, that is, the index of health service need, the index of health service ________ and the index of health service__________ .(10). Health resources index includes numbers of _______ per thousand people, hospital beds2. Terms Explanation: (4 points each; 20 total)(1) sociopath;(2) suicides ;(3) health;(4) sub-health;(1). What’s the objective of social medicine research? (社会医学的研究对象是什么?)(2). What is the relation between the way of health service payment and the health level?(3). Give at least four index which indicate the health level of one country or one region.(4). State in brief the theory of bio-psycho-socio medical model.(5). Write down four necessary indexes of health service need.4. Relate and Analyze: (10 points each; 20total)(1). Please relate the background under which the bio-psycho-socio medical model occurred.(2). Relate and analyze about why and how mother’s education background affect infant5. Subjective-ability Test: (20 points)Design a questionnaire based on such requirements below:(1) research purpose: impression about WEIFANG CITY as an foreign tourist(2) At least ten questions should be included in your design paper.(3) the form model:What’s your opinion about the public bus service?A. very goodB. goodC. just so-soD. badE. very bad参考答案:一、填空1. subject- overlapping (交叉性),method-comprehensiveness(综合性)2. bio-psycho-socio, natural philosophical3. Hippocrates ,< About the nature of man >4. 1977, “disease, patient and environment”5. mental, infirmity6. health conditions, social factors7. material, behaviors8. systematic, cluster9. utilization, resources10. doctors, childbirth。