定语从句中主谓一致
定语从句中主谓一致
主谓一致在英语表达中是一个应该特别注意的语法现象,它要求句子主语和谓语在人称和数两方面应保持一致。下面是店铺整理的定语从句中主谓一致,欢迎阅读。
一、定语从句的主谓一致
1. 一般来讲,定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。
【例句】 I am not one who is afraid of difficulty. 我是个不怕困难的人。
Don't choose me,who am not qualified for this job. 不要选我,我不适合做这项工作。
Anyone who has questions to ask, please come to my office
this afternoon. 有问题要问的人,今天下午到我办公室来。
2. 当定语从句中的先行词是 “one of + 复数名词”时,在非正式的英语口语中,有时甚至在一些很正规的文体中,动词的数与 one相一致,这是因为说话者或写作者首先想到的是one,而不是one后面真正的先行词。但也经常与先行词保持一致,采用复数。因此要根据具体句意而定。
【例句】 That is one of the most valuable dictionaries that
has appeared in recent years. 那本词典是近几年来所见到的最有价值的词典之一。(强调其中的这一本)
Buenos Aires is one of the world capitals that is noted for its
busy harbor. 布宜诺斯艾利斯是一个以其海港的热闹而闻名的国家首都。从句中的is不能改成are。这点很好理解,因为用are就意味着世界上所有国家的首都以海港热闹而出名,这是不符合实际的。再如:
He was one of the students who were late for school. 他是迟到的学生之一。(从句用复数修饰先行词,说明迟到学生的范围)
3. 当定语从句的先行词是:“the only one of + 复数名词”时,定语从句的谓语动词要与 one保持一致而取单数形式,其原因是跟句子的意义有关。
【例句】 He is the only one of those workers who is able to
do this job. 他是那些工人中惟一能做此工作的人。
He was the only one of the boys who was late for class. 他是上课迟到的惟一一个学生。
二、名词性从句的主谓一致:
1. 从句充当主语时,动词通常用单数形式。引导主语从句的'连词主要有what, whatever, when, where, why, how, that,
whether等。
【例句】 What I am most interested in is American movies.
我最感兴趣的是美国电影。
Whatever he says is of no importance. 无论他说什么都不重要。
Whoever says that is wrong. 无论谁说这话都不对。
What is troubling me is that I don't know what is to be done
with the new machine. 使我感到麻烦的是我不知道怎么处理这台新机器。
Why he is late for class is more than I can tell. 为什么他上课迟到,我也说不上来。
2. 当who, whoever等词引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词常用单数;但如果主语从句中的动词是复数,有时根据语义,主句中谓语动词要用复数形式。
【例句】 What you are doing is none of my business. 你现在的所作所为与我无关。
Who are going to attend the meeting has been decided by
the manager. 哪些人去参加会议,已由经理做出了决定。
Whoever say that are to be punished. 谁这样讲,就惩罚谁。
三、 强调句中的主谓一致
1. 不管被强调部分是单数还是复数,是时间、地点还是原因,强调句型中的be动词一律采用单数形式。
【例句】 It's Mary and James that are standing behind the counter. 站在柜台后面的是玛丽和詹姆斯。
It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school. 他没来上学是因为他病了。
2. 当被强调部分是句子的主语时,从句谓语的人称和数常与被强调部分保持一致。
【例句】 It's I who am to be punished for doing that. 是我应该为做那件事受到惩罚。
It is the Communist Party that has made China what she is
today. 是中国共产党使中国成为今天这个样子的。
【定语从句中主谓一致】
定语从句的用法被动主谓一致
HOLD ON TO YOUR DREAMS!
1 定语从句的用法被动主谓一致
一.单项选择
1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom D. this
6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which B. that C./ D. it
7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.
A. which B. in which C. that D. all
8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.
A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who
9. Please show me the book _____you bought yesterday. A. which B. whom C. whose D. this
10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.
A. who B. whom C. which D. /
11. This is the only article of these that _____written by him. A. was B. were C. is D. are
英语主谓一致的三个原则
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英语主谓一致的三个原则
1. 形式一致的原则
一般说来,当作主语的名词或代词是第三人称单数时,谓语动词就用单数形式;当作主语的名词或代词是复数时,谓语动词就复数形式:如:
(1) He likes skating in winter. 他喜欢冬天滑冰。
(2) Alice reads much. 艾利斯看了很多书。
(3) They don’t live here. 他们不住这里。
2. 意义一致的原则
英语中,有些名词或代词形式上是单数,而意义上可能是复数,这时,谓语动词的形式就须依据名词或代词的意义决定。如:
(1) People there were very glad to see our team win the match. 在那里的人们看到我们队赢了比赛时都非常高兴。
(2) His family were watching TV when I got to his home. 我到他家时,他家的人在看电视。
(3) Our class are working hard to make ours a good class. 我们班的同学都在努力工作以便是我们班成为优秀班。
3. 邻近一致的原则
英语中,有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语,此时,谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。如:
(1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room. 他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。
(2) There are five chairs and a desk in his room. 他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。
(3) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there. 要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。
(4) Are either you or Li Lei going to be sent there.是你将被派到那里去还是李蕾将被派到那里去?
定语从句主谓一致
定语从句主谓一致
由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复 数形式。以下内容是店铺为您精心整理的定语从句主谓一致,欢迎参考!
定语从句主谓一致一
基本概念:
在英语的句子中,谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定,则要看句子的意思。多数情况下,根据句子的主语形式就能判定,但有的则要看整句的意思,及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。
1. 并列结构作主语谓语用复数
用and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:
Jane, Mary and I are good friends. 简、玛丽和我是好朋友
2.主谓一致中的靠近原则
2.1当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔、一把小刀以及一些书。
2.2当either…or…与neither…nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
a) Either you or she is to go. 你或者她将要走。
b) Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 这有一支笔,一些信封和纸给你。
3.谓语需用单数
并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数,and后面的名词没有冠词。如:
Bread and butter is their daily food.黄油面包是他们每日的食品。
4.指代意义决定谓语的单复数
4.1在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
主谓一致与定语从句s
学乐教育内部讲义
1 主谓一致和定语从句的考点集汇,讲解和训练
主谓一致:
【考点直击】
1. 语法一致的原则
2. 意义一致的原则
3. 邻近一致的原则
【名师点睛】
谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致的原则
(1)以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如:He goes to school early every morning. The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
(2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
例如:Both he and I are right. Mr. Black and Mrs. Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主语如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。例如:
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. The poet and writer has come.
(3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如: In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
(4)主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数。例如:The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
主谓一致
主谓一致
1. Nobody but…..谓语动词用单数(见14,27,26)
主语为nobody,谓语由nobody决定 ,用单数
But/except 后面的成分 定语限制 nobody是对主语的补充说明
2. one of + 复数名词+定语从句, 定语从句中的谓语动词参考先行词。(见19)
若为the ,this, the only+ one的结构,则强调one, 定于从句的谓语动词则为单数(见15)
3. 就近原则
(1) There be 句型主语是有多种事物的情况下,谓语和最相邻的主语一致
Eg. There is a box, a bag and several books on the table.
Eg. There are twenty boys and a teacher in the classroom
(2) Not only….but also (见29), either…or.., neither…. Or ….
4. 并列结构做主语,谓语动词用复数
Eg. Listening and speaking are very important.
**如表示同一个事物,动词用单数,通常前面只有一个冠词(见17,25)
5. 当主语后面跟着together with, but, except, with 等词引导的短语,谓语动词与前面主语一致(见14,26,27,28)
6. 金钱,时间,距离做主语,通常把名词看做一个整体,谓语用单数
Eg. Ten days is quite too long for me. (见18,30)
7. Many a 或者 more than 修饰主语,谓语动词多用单数(见20)
Eg. Many a person has read the novel.
补充:
Most of , part of, a portion of, half of这类词引导主语,动词与of后的名词保持一致
主谓一致的用法
主谓一致
定义:谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。
主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致的原则
1)并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数,这时 and
后面的名词前没有冠词。 The girl's teacher and friend is a young doctor.
2) 成对的名词,如 bread and butter 涂黄油的面包,soda and water 汽水,coffee
and milk 加
牛奶的咖啡,salt and water 盐开水等,虽然有 and 连接,但仍表单一概念,作主语时,
谓语用单数。A knife and fork is on the table .
3) and 连接的并列单数主语的前面分别有 each , every 或 no 修饰时,其谓语用单数形式。
No student and no teacher is invited to the party .
4)由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数:
Somebody is using the phone.
5)主语是单数,其后跟有 together with , along with(与……一道),as well as (和;也),no less
than(和……一样),rather than(而不),以及 with , not , like , but , except ,
besides , including
等引起的短语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。 He as well as his sister is a
League member .
6)主语是一些只有复数形式的名词,如 clothes , trousers , glasses , compasses ,
英语中主谓一致解析
英语中主谓一致解析
主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement),指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.
可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.
(一) 语法一致原则:
即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:
1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with,
like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no
less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to
引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.
如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.
No one except two servants was late for the dinner.
除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。
2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:
The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)
用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and
butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:
Serving the people is my great happiness.
为人民服务是我最大的幸福.
When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.
主谓一致最全面讲解
主谓一致最全面讲解
主谓一致(concord),是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。英语中动词be的变化形式最多,如I am,You are,He is,We are等。主语I一定要用am的动词形式,这就叫“主谓一致”。
一、 主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致涉及三个基本原则,即语法一致原则(principle of
grammatical concord)、意义一致原则(principle of notional
concord)和就近一致原则(principle of proximity)。
A. 语法一致
语法一致是指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系,主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓语动词用复数形式。
My child has no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子不想与我一起度假。
My children have no intention of spending a vacation with
me. 我的孩子们不想与我一起度假。
B. 意义一致
意义一致是说谓语动词的单、复数要取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面上的语法标记。
1. 主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。
The only people who are interested in the book seem to be
lawyers. 唯一对这本书感兴趣的人好像是律师。
The majority of primary school teachers are women. 大多数小学老师都是女的。
2. 主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。
Billiards is becoming more and more popular in some cities.
桌球在一些城市里越来越受欢迎。
C. 就近一致
主谓一致知识点
主谓一致
1.原则:语法一致,就近一致,概念/意义一致。
2.详解:
语法一致原则:
⑴主语单复数与谓语动词的一致
A.主语的单数名词/代词与谓语动词的一致:
①单数名词/代词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。不可数名词做主
语时,谓语动词用单数。有些单数集体名词为不可数名词:如
furniture,equipment,merchandise,baggage,machinery,clothing等做主语
时,谓语动词用单数。
主语是复数名词/只有复数形式的名词,谓语动词用复数形式。
常见的这类名词有:clothes,belongings(财物),earnings(薪水),
savings (积蓄,存款);surroundings(环境),odds(可能性,概率),
remains(剩余物,残留物),goods商品,fireworks烟火表演,thanks
感谢。
The book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。
Water is useful. 水很有用。
The students are having an English lesson. 那些学生在上英语课。
一些不可数名词前有量词修饰时,语法上规定,谓语动词的数要和数
量词保持一致
Quantities of food in the shop have gone bad.=A quantity of food in the shop has gone bad. 那家商店大量的食物都变质了
②many a+单数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数。
Many+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
Many a worker was killed in the accident. 在这次事故中死了许多
工人。
③more than one+单数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数,
more +复数名词+than one做主语,谓语动词用复数。
More than one person has known it. 不止一个人知道这件事。
主谓一致用法归纳
主谓一致用法归纳
{1.语法形式上的一致。主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。例如:
Jane and Mary look healthy and strong.
The number of mistakes was surprising.
2.意义上一致
1) 主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。
例如: The crowd were running for their lives.
单数形式表示复数意义的词有people,police,cattle,militia等。
2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。
例如: The news was very exciting.
形复意单的单词有news,works(工厂)和一些以ics结尾的学科名.称,如physics,politics,mathematics等。
3.就近原则。即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or,either…or,neither...nor,not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。例如:
Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.}
4.应注意的5个问题。
A)名词作主语
1)某些集体名词(如family,team, class, 等)作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用 单数形式;如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:
The whole family are watching TV?
His family is going to have a long journey.
这类名词有:audience,class,club,committee,company, crew,crowd,enemy,government,group,party,public,team,etc.
