定语从句的主谓一致
定语从句的主谓一致
作者:甘雪梅
来源:《广东教育·高中》2018年第01期
我们知道,在定语从句中,关系词有三个作用:代表先行词;引导定语从句;在从句中做句子成分。
当关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,谓语动词用单数还是用复数呢?
1. 因为关系代词是代表先行词的,所以当关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。
如:
(1)The boys who are from America like China.
(2)The boy who is playing on the playground is Mrs Smith’s son.
(3)The books which are very interesting belong to me.
(4)The road that leads to the shore is sandy.
2. 如先行词是表示不同概念的两个名词时,定语从句的谓语动词用复数。
如:
The cabman and the cab that were easily found in London in the past can be seen no more now. (先行词the cabman and the cab,表示“马车夫和出租车”两种不同的概念)
3. 在“one of+复数名词+who/that/which引导的定语从句”中,先行词是其中的“复数名词”,定语从句的谓语动词用复数。
如:
(1)This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.
(2)He is one of the students who have been to Beijing.
(3)Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world which have been known to all of us.
4.在“the only/ the very one of the +名词复数+who/that/which引导的定语从句”中,先行词是the only one, the very one,因此,定语从句的谓语动词用单数。
如:
(1)She was the only one of the girls who was late for the meeting.
(2)He is the only one of the students who is elected.
(3)Tom is the only one of the students who comes on time every day.
[练一练]用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1. He is one of the students who_________(be) able to answer the questions.
2. He is the only one of the students who_______(be) able to answer the questions.
3. He is the only one of the students who__________(have)been a winner of scholarship for three years.
4. My dad’s got a camera that __________(take) photos under water.
参考答案:1. are 2. is 3. has 4. takes
总之,定语从句的主谓一致取决于它的先行词,先行词是单数,谓语动词用单数;先行词是复数,谓语动词用复数。
但是需要注意“one of+复数名词+who/that/which引导的定语从句”中的谓语动词的数。
[全]高考高中英语语法:“主谓一致”考点一遍过
高考高中英语语法:“主谓一致”考点一遍过在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。
近几年来,高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致以及就近一致三个方面上。
主谓一致在高考中常与名词结合在一起进行综合考查,多以语法填空和短文改错的形式出题,在完形填空中也会有所涉及,总体难度系数较低,纵观近年的高考真题,主谓一致中的固定搭配是考查的重难点。
预计2022年高考仍会沿袭这一命题规律。
1. 掌握主谓一致的三个原则:语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致;2. 掌握主谓一致中的固定搭配;3. 掌握定语从句中的主谓一致;4. 掌握倒装句、强调句中的主谓一致。
01高考主谓一致的知识结构一致原则考点详解例句语法一致1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy.What he said is very important for us all.The children were in the classroom two hours ago.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.2. 由连接词and或both ……and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。
Lucy and Lily are twins.She and I are classmates.The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news.Both she and he are Young Pioneers.3. 主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,together with,except,but,like,as well as,rather than,more than,no less than,besides,including 等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一种在英语中非常常见且重要的语法结构。
它在句子中充当定语,用来修饰一个名词或代词,使其含义更加明确和丰富。
简单来说,定语从句就是一个句子,放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,起到描述和限定的作用。
通过定语从句,我们能够更详细、更准确地表达我们想要表达的意思。
比如,“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
)在这个句子中,“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句,用来修饰先行词“the book”,让我们清楚知道是哪一本书有趣。
二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。
常见的关系代词有:that、which、who、whom、whose。
常见的关系副词有:when、where、why。
关系词在定语从句中不仅起到引导的作用,还在从句中充当一定的成分。
例如,在“The man who is standing there is my teacher”这个句子中,“who”是关系代词,在从句“who is standing there”中作主语。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 和 whichthat 和 which 都可以用来指代物,但在一些情况下,只能用 that 不能用 which。
当先行词是不定代词(如 all、anything、nothing 等)、先行词被最高级、序数词修饰、先行词既有人又有物时,通常用 that 而不用 which。
例如:All that glitters is not gold(发光的未必都是金子。
)This is the first book that I have read(这是我读过的第一本书。
)The man and the horse that fell into the river were drowned(掉进河里的人和马都淹死了。
定语从句、情态动词、it句型、主谓一致
定语从句1. 定语从句的结构及理解2. 定语从句的关系词的使用3. 定语从句的简化表达知识总结归纳(一)定语从句的结构:在复合句中,修饰某个名词或代词的句子(做这个名词或代词的定语)叫定语从句,定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词,它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接,这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词(关系代词或关系副词:that, which, who, whose, when, where, why)。
先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语。
结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。
1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句:从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连。
定语从句中的主谓一致
定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致如果定语从句缺少主语,则从句的谓语动词必须和其修饰的先行词保持单复数一致性,而主句的动词同上。
下面一起来看看定语从句中的主谓一致内容吧!定语从句是用来修饰主句中某个名词的,主句中被修饰的名词称作先行词,从句中用来指代这个先行词的`代词称作关系代词,如:That is the parcel (which came this morning). 那就是早上送来的包裹.【句中的 parcel 是先行词,which是指代 parcel 的关系代词】He is a man (who is of value to the people). 他是一个有益于人民的人.【句中的 man 是先行词,who 是指代 man 的关系代词】所谓定语从句中的主谓一致指的就是,如果关系代词指代先行词是单数,那么从句中的谓语动词就要和单数的先行词保持数的一致(如上面的两个例句,parcel 和 man 都是单数,从句中的谓语动词也要单数形式);如果关系代词指代先行词是复数,那么从句中的谓语动词就要和复数的先行词保持数的一致,如:Both of my brothers, (who are painters), are in Japan at present. 我的两个哥哥都是画家, 他他们目前都在在日本.【先行词brothers 是复数,从句的谓语动词用 are 与其保持一致】These books (that are about modern inventions) are all mine. 这些有关近代发明的书籍都是我的.【先行词books 是复数,从句的谓语动词用 are 与其保持一致】出现在定语从句引导词充当定语从句的主语时,这时,从句谓语应当与先行词一致。
如:He is one of the boys who are good at English.(先行词是the boys, 所以用are)He is the one of the boys who is good at English(先行词是the one, 所以用is)I, who am your teacher, can't teach you everything. (先行词是I)但是,如果关系词前面有明确的先行词,则该先行词而不是主句的主语决定从句的谓语动词。
英语语法:定 语 从 句
英语语法:定语从句定语从句是英语常见的用来联系多个句子的句型,作用强大而且简洁易用。
我在这里整理了相关学问,快来学习学习吧!英语语法:定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语留意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词2、as 的用法(1)常用于以下结构:suchas; soas;the sameas; asas留意:the sameas 表示同一类,不同一个the samethat 表示同一个(2)as与which的区分a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事”。
留意:as常用于以下结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的状况1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、领先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
主谓一致知识点
主谓一致知识点主谓一致知识点:英语句子中。
谓语动词必须同句中主语的人称和数保持一致,在主谓语一致的关系上应注意以下几方面。
1、用 not only but also, neither. ..nor, either...or, not...but, or 等连词连接的两个并列主语,谓语动词通常与它最近的主语保持一致。
谓语动词用单数或复数,取决于离它最近的主语是单数还是复数。
2、用as well as, as much as, no less th an, together with, along with,rather than,more than, in addition to,but,except,besides,not,including, accompanied by, like, u nlike, among, coupled with 等词语连接的两个主语,谓语动词与离它最远的主语保持一致,谓语动词用单数或复数取决于离它最远的主语是单数还是复数。
3、用and连接的两个并列主语,谓语动词用单数的特殊情况。
1)两个并列主语前用each, every, many a和no修饰时,或者并列主语前由一个each,every,many a等修饰时,谓语动词用单数。
2)两个并列主语指同一个人时,要特别注意and后的名词有无冠词,有冠词时则指两个人,谓语要用复数。
3)两个并列主语指一个单一概念或同一物时,谓语动词用单数。
4)两个并列的物质名词作主语指一种食品或饮料时,谓语动词用单数。
4、集合名词作主语时,单数形式复数意义的名词作主语时。
谓语动词用复数。
常见的这类名词有: people, police, cattle, poultr y, militia, livestock, youth, verm in, folk, foot(步兵) mankind,military(军方)等。
5、单复数同形的集合名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数,取决于该名词是表团体还是表团体中各个成员。
主谓一致三个原则
Agreement betweensubject and verb令狐采学主谓一致主要有以下三个原则:1、语法一致原则(5种情况)2、意义一致原则(10种情况)3、就近原则语法一致原则1.and连接不同的人或事时作主语时,谓语动词用复数;但如果连接的名词指的是同一人或物, 或同一概念时, 谓语要用单数。
The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance.The knife and fork ____on the table.2. 不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
What he is doing seems very important. Collecting stamps is his hobby.3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时,要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
Those who enjoy singing may join us.Tom, who is your friend, should help you.I, who am a teacher, lack humor.4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。
例如:The teacher together with his students, is planting trees in the street.5. many a, more than one与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。
Many a boy has seen it. More than one student is required to redo the homework.意义一致原则1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none 作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。
定语从句中主谓一致
定语从句中主谓一致主谓一致在英语表达中是一个应该特别注意的语法现象,它要求句子主语和谓语在人称和数两方面应保持一致。
下面是店铺整理的定语从句中主谓一致,欢迎阅读。
一、定语从句的主谓一致1. 一般来讲,定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。
【例句】 I am not one who is afraid of difficulty. 我是个不怕困难的人。
Don't choose me,who am not qualified for this job. 不要选我,我不适合做这项工作。
Anyone who has questions to ask, please come to my office this afternoon. 有问题要问的人,今天下午到我办公室来。
2. 当定语从句中的先行词是“one of + 复数名词”时,在非正式的英语口语中,有时甚至在一些很正规的文体中,动词的数与one相一致,这是因为说话者或写作者首先想到的是one,而不是one后面真正的先行词。
但也经常与先行词保持一致,采用复数。
因此要根据具体句意而定。
【例句】 That is one of the most valuable dictionaries that has appeared in recent years. 那本词典是近几年来所见到的最有价值的词典之一。
(强调其中的这一本)Buenos Aires is one of the world capitals that is noted for its busy harbor. 布宜诺斯艾利斯是一个以其海港的热闹而闻名的国家首都。
从句中的is不能改成are。
这点很好理解,因为用are就意味着世界上所有国家的.首都以海港热闹而出名,这是不符合实际的。
再如:He was one of the students who were late for school. 他是迟到的学生之一。
英语语法精讲:从句与主谓一致
定语从句与名词从句除了并列连接词与引导状语从句从属连接词外,英语中连接定语从句与名词从句的关联词也十分重要,使用中必须特别注意。
I. 定语从句1.定语从句由关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that或关系副词when, where, why, how等引导。
who, whom, whose指人;which指事或物;that指人或物。
关系代词或关系副词除连接句子外,还要代指它们所修饰的中心词并在句子中作一个成分。
一般来说,关系代词在从句中作主语,宾语或定语;关系副词作状语。
还要注意从句中的谓语动词要与中心词在人称和数上保持一致。
例如:There are many people who want to see the film.The letter that I received yesterday was from my uncle.The young man whom we met in the street is my classmate.Do you know the reason why she is absent?Is there anyone here whose name is Li Ping?How can she forget the day when she joined the Party?Example:He often tells stories ____.a. what people laugh atb. which people laughc. that people laugh atd. at what people laughSam knows a biologist ____ owns a well-equipped laboratory.a. whomb. whoc. by whomd. to whomTake those apples which ____ are a bit green.a. we realizeb. consequentlyc. it seemsd. nevertheless2.带前置词的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词which, whom除了在定语从句中作动词宾语外,还可以作介词宾语,引出带前置词的定语从句。
主谓一致讲解及练习(有答案)
主谓一致讲解及练习3. Chinese, French, mathematics, statistics, electronics, economics, politics, linguistics,optics等表示语言或学科的单词作主语时,谓语动词用作单数。
Chinese, Japanese, French, English 表示某国人时,根据意义一致的原则决定谓语的数。
4. works (工厂),means (方法) series (系列), deer( 鹿), sheep(绵羊)根据所暗示的数来决定谓语的数。
5.以-s结尾的表示由成对部分组成的物体的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
如trousers,glasses, scissors, pants等。
如果这些词与a pair of, a couple of连用,动词的数与pair,couple的数保持-致。
6. clothes, goods, wages, stairs, taxes, earnings, belongings, savings, leavings 作复数用,其后面的谓语动词要用复数。
7. news, music, equipment, luggage, information, furniture, advice, progress等不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
1.表示国家城市、机构、组织的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
2.某些表示群岛、山脉、瀑布的专有名词往往作复数用,作主语时谓语动词用复数。
3.以复数形式出现的表示书籍、报纸、杂志的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
4.以复数形式出现的表示同姓的一家人或同名、同姓的若干人的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
1.主语之后带有as well as, as much as, rather than, more than, no less than等短语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。
