14-4_Chapt_12 1Exchange device(1st)_sc
HP HP-UX 说明书
Exchange 的脱机备份和恢复过程
Exchange 的脱机备份和恢复过程文章类别：Exchange Server | 发表日期：2006-12-3概要本文介绍一些方法，通过这些方法，可以手动备份和恢复Exchange 信息存储数据库，而不必使用联机备份应用程序编程接口(API)。
如果在一台Exchange 服务器上有多个存储组，则必须将每个存储组视为独立的、自治的存储单位，以便进行脱机备份和恢复。
有关脱机和快照备份的其他信息，请单击下面的文章编号，以查看Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：296787 XADM:Offline Backup and Restoration Procedures for Exchange Server 4.0, 5.0, and 5.5更多信息本文包含以下章节：∙开始之前∙Exchange 数据库文件如何相互关联∙脱机备份Exchange 数据库∙恢复Exchange 数据库的脱机备份o处理1216 错误o脱机备份的时点恢复o脱机备份的前滚恢复∙处理数据库签名与路径不匹配问题开始之前在执行脱机备份之前，请确保具有以下信息：∙确定是否为存储组启用循环记录。
（在Exchange 中，默认情况下禁用循环记录。
）要确定是否启用循环记录，请在Exchange 系统管理器中打开storage_group对象的属性，然后查看常规页。
要禁用循环记录，请单击以清除循环记录复选框。
在您停止存储组中的每个数据库后，对循环记录所做的更改才会生效。
执行脱机备份时，无需禁用循环记录。
但是，如果要将事务日志重放到已恢复的脱机备份中，必须禁用循环记录。
∙确定Exchange 数据库、流、事务日志和检查点文件的路径位置以及存储组的日志文件前缀。
要找到此信息，请在Exchange 系统管理器中打开storage_group对象的属性，然后查看常规页。
记录下面三个框中的值：o日志文件前缀（E0n，此处E0n 可以是E00、E01、E02 或E03）o事务日志位置(E0n*.log)o系统路径位置(E0n.chk)数据库路径列在每个database_name对象的Database 属性中。
Exchange错误代码
未送达报告(NDR) 是向发件人报告邮件传递状态的系统邮件。
这种邮件是一种称为传递状态通知的常规邮件信息结构的一个子类。
传递状态通知描述三种不同类型的情况：•成功（2.X.X数字代码）•持续性瞬时故障（4.X.X数字代码）•持久性故障（5.X.X数字代码）要了解有关传递状态通知的更多信息，请参见征求意见文档(RFC) 1891 和RFC 1893。
每当邮件无法传递时，都会生成NDR。
如果计算机可以检测到传递失败的原因，它会将该原因映射到一个状态代码，并打印相应的错误消息。
（有关这些代码的列表，请参阅RFC 1891 和RFC 1893。
）对于NDR 来说，多数数字代码都是以5.X.X的形式报告的，描述为持久性故障。
但是，也有一些导致 4.X.X代码的暂时情况。
请注意，报告该问题的服务器显示在数字代码之前。
在“简介”部分中的NDR 示例中，报告服务器是。
有时，报告问题的服务器并不是实际遇到问题的服务器。
下面的列表描述了最常遇到的数字代码及其对应的错误状态：•数字代码：4.2.2仅用于Exchange 2000 Service Pack 2 或更早版本。
请参阅 5.2.2 •数字代码：4.3.1可能的原因：此代码可能是由资源问题（例如磁盘已满）导致的。
如果您的简单邮件传输协议(SMTP) 队列位于文件分配表(FAT) 分区上，且该服务已达到Windows 所规定的SMTP 服务可以同时打开的文件句柄数限制，也可能会出现此代码。
在这种情况下，您收到的可能是内存不足错误，而不是磁盘已满错误。
故障排除：确保您有足够的磁盘存储空间，尝试在NTFS 分区上运行您的Exchange传输队列。
•数字代码：4.3.2首先提供于：Exchange 2000 Service Pack 1可能的原因：由于管理员通过Exchange 系统管理器中的队列查看器界面执行的操作，邮件未被传递。
•数字代码：4.4.1可能的原因：主机没有响应。
chapt12肾衰全英文
3. The recovery stage
Urine output restore NPN in the blood ↓ Disorder of water, electrolyte, acidbase balance are corrected But a few patient will become CRF
(2)Water intoxication
Pulmonary edema, brain edema
(3)Hyperkalemia
reasons are as follows: ①K+ excretion ↓ ② the release of intracellular K+ ↑ ③ acidosis increase exchange of H+—K+ Hyperkalemia is the most dangerous change →arrhythmia
Renal blood flow
200
When blood pressure fluctuate between 80-160mmHg, renal blood and GFR keep unchanged by renal autoregulation.
In the situation of shock or heart failure → MAP is lower than 80mmHg →renal blood flow↓ → GFR ↓
2. Renal glomerular injury
(1)Disease (glomerulonephritis ) (2)Renal poisons( heavy metals)
3. Renal tubular injury
Device Manager Error Code
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Explanation This device is not configured correctly. The driver for this device might be corrupted, or your system may be running low on memory or other This device cannot start. This device cannot find enough free resources that it can use.If you want to use this device, you will need to disable one of the other devices on this system. This device cannot work properly until you restart your computer. Windows cannot identify all the resources this device uses. Reinstall the drivers for this device. Windows cannot start this hardware device because its configuration information (in the registry) is incomplete or damaged.To fix this problem you can first try running a Troubleshooting Wizard.If that does not work, you should uninstall and then reinstall the hardware device. Windows is removing this device. This device is disabled. This device is not present, is not working properly, or does not have all its drivers installed. The drivers for this device are not installed. This device is disabled because the firmware of the device did not give it the required resources. This device is not working properly because Windows cannot load the drivers required for this device. A driver (service) for this device has been disabled.An alternate driver may be providing this functionality. Windows cannot determine which resources are required for this device. Windows cannot determine the settings for this device.Consult the documentation that came with this device and use the Resource tab to set the configuration. Your computer's system firmware does not include enough information to properly configure and use this device.To use this device, contact your computer manufacturer to obtain a firmware or BIOS update. This device is requesting a PCI interrupt but is configured for an ISA interrupt (or vice versa).Please use the computer's system setup program to reconfigure the interrupt for this device. Windows cannot initialize the device driver for this hardware. Windows cannot load the device driver for this hardware because a previous instance of the device driver is still in memory. Windows cannot load the device driver for this hardware.The driver may be corrupted or missing. Windows cannot access this hardware because its service key information in the registry is missing or recorded incorrectly. Windows successfully loaded the device driver for this hardware but cannot find the hardware device. Windows cannot load the device driver for this hardware because there is a duplicate device already running in the system. Windows has stopped this device because it has reported problems. An application or service has shut down this hardware device. Currently, this hardware device is not connected to the computer. Windows cannot gain access to this hardware device because the operating system is in the process of Windows cannot use this hardware device because it has been prepared for safe removal, but it has not been removed from the computer. The software for this device has been blocked from starting because it is known to have problems with Windows.Contact the hardware vendor for a new driver. Windows cannot start new hardware devices because the system hive is too large (exceeds the Registry Size
设备管理器生成的错误代码说明
“解决方案”按钮：更新驱动程序
还有一种方法，可以使用“设备管理器”删除该设备，然后运行“控制面板”中的“添加新硬件”工具。
回到顶端
Code 4（代码 4）This device is not working properly because one of its drivers may be bad, or your registry may be bad.(Code 4)
To fix this problem, run Windows Setup again using your Windows CD-ROM.
其中，<name> 是找不到的系统 DevLoader。
“解决方案”按钮：无
? 如果这不是系统 DevLoader 并且找不到该 DevLoader（文件丢失），则会显示以下消息文本 This device is not working properly because Windows cannot find the file <name> that loads the drivers for the device.(Code 8)
回到顶端
Code 8（代码 8）对于此错误代码，可能显示几种不同的错误信息。此代码表示找不到该设备的 DevLoader。例如，该设备的 .inf 文件可能引用丢失或无效的文件。
此错误代码包括以下错误情况：
? 系统 DevLoader 是 Vmm32.vxd 的一部分，并通常以一个星号 (*) 开头。如果该 DevLoader 是系统 DevLoader，则会显示以下消息文本 This device is not working properly because Windows cannot load the file <name> that loads the drivers for the device.(Code 8)
Infoprint 250 導入と計画の手引き 第 7 章ホスト
SUBNETMASK
255.255.255.128
Type of service...............: TOS
*NORMAL
Maximum transmission unit.....: MTU
*LIND
Autostart.....................:
AUTOSTART
*YES
: xx.xxx.xxx.xxx
: xx.xxx.xxx.xxx
*
(
)
IEEE802.3
60 1500
: xxxx
48 Infoprint 250
31. AS/400
IP
MTU
1
1
IPDS TCP
CRTPSFCFG (V3R2)
WRKAFP2 (V3R1 & V3R6)
RMTLOCNAME RMTSYS
MODEL
0
Advanced function printing............:
AFP
*YES
AFP attachment........................:
AFPATTACH
*APPC
Online at IPL.........................:
ONLINE
FORMFEED
*CONT
Separator drawer......................:
SEPDRAWER
*FILE
Separator program.....................:
SEPPGM
*NONE
Library.............................:
网络营销strauss Chapt12tb
Chapter 12: The Internet for Distribution Multiple Choice1. A distribution channel is composed of all of the following except _____.a.producersb.intermediariesc.marketersd.consumers(c; Medium; pg. 287)2.Which of the following is a channel intermediary?a.wholesalerb.brokerc.agentd.all of the above(d; Easy; pp. 287-288)3. A distribution channel in which the manufacturer deals directly with theconsumer is called a(n) _____.a.indirect channelb.direct channelc.outsourcing channeld.brokered channel(d; Medium; p. 288)4._____ functions refer to making contact with buyers and using marketingcommunication strategies to make them aware of products.a.Advertisingb.Sellingc.Transactionald.One-to-one marketing(c; Hard; p. 289)5._____ agents can predict consumer preferences based on past purchases.a.Purchasingb.Sellingc.Marketingd.Collaborative filtering(d; Hard; p. 291)6.Which of the following is true of logistical functions?a.they include physical distribution activitiesb.they include aggregating product functionsc.they are often outsourcedd.all of the above(d; Medium; p. 292)7.Which of the following is a possible solution to the “last mile problem”?a.dummy boxesb.the retail aggregator modelc.FedExd.all of the above(b; Medium; p. 295)8.The benefits of market research include _____.a.it can estimate the size of the target marketb.market research has no cost when gathered onlinec.market research is always available from outside sourcesd.all of the above(a; Hard; p. 295)9.Supply chain management refers to the coordination of flows in three categories:material, information and _____.a.marketingb.distributionc.financiald.logistics(c; Hard; p. 298)10._____ is the computerized exchange of information between organizations,typically used to eliminate paperwork.a.Electronic data interchangeb.Enterprise resource planningc.Supply chain managementd.Secure electronic transfers(a; Hard; p. 301)11.Electronic data interchange (EDI) is based upon which of the following keyvariables?a.openness of the systemb.transport methodc.type of technology used for implementationd.all of the above(d; Medium; p. 301)12._____ save(s) customers money by avoiding the middleman; sometimes it leadsto more rapid delivery of the product.mediariesb.Disintermediationc.Indirect sellingd.All of the above(b; Hard; p. 303)13._____ is an online organization that aggregates and distributes information.a.An infomediaryb. A disintermediatorc. A distribution systemd. A brokerage model(a; Hard; p. 303)14.All of the following are intermediary models in common use on the Internetexcept _____.a.brokerage modelsb.direct selling modelsc.agent modelsd.online retailing(b; Medium; p. 304)15. A brokerage model’s primary benefit(s) to the buyer is _____.a.convenienceb.speed of order executionc.transaction processingd.all of the above(d; Medium; p. 304)16.Which of the following is an example of an agent that represents the seller?a.selling agentsb.manufacturer’s agentsc.metamediariesd.all of the above(d; Medium; pp. 306-307)17.An agent that represents a cluster of manufacturers, e-tailers, and contentproviders organized around a life event or major asset purchase is known as a_____.a.metamediaryb.manufacturer’s agentc.virtual malld.all of the above(a; Hard; p. 307)18.Which of the following is not a customer benefit provided by virtual malls?a.brandingb.gift registryc.shopping agentsd.digital wallets(c; Hard; p. 307)19. A _____ pools many buyers together to drive down the price on selected items.a.reverse auctionb.shopping agentc.buyer cooperatived.metamediary(c; Medium; p. 308)20.The most effective online strategies include _____.a. a high-reach strategy to accumulate a large number of customersb. a niche strategy with narrow focusc.the use of online retailing as a complement to offline channelsd.all of the above(d; Hard; p. 311)True/False21.Manufacturer’s agents represent th e seller whereas purchasing agents representthe buyer.a.Trueb.False(a; Easy; p. 288)22.In general, suppliers operate more efficiently when they produce a low volume ofa wide range of products.a.Trueb.False(b; Medium; p. 294)23.Both continuous replenishment and build to order help to eliminate inventory.a.Trueb.False(a; Easy; p. 293)24.Most e-business models are entirely original in terms of traditional existingmarketing concepts.a.Trueb.False(b; Medium; p. 302)25.The content sponsorship model is always used alone in order to create multiplerevenue streams.a.Trueb.False(b; Medium; p. 303)26.Unlike agents, brokers do represent either the buyer or the seller depending uponwho pays the fee.a.Trueb.False(b; Easy; p. 304)27.Manufacturer’s agents represent one seller.a.Trueb.False(b; Medium; p. 306)28.In a reverse auction the buyer specifies a price and sellers bid for individualbuyers.a.Trueb.False(a; Easy; p. 308)29.Regardless of a 51% growth from 2002 to 2003, online retailing is less than 10%of all retail sales.a.Trueb.False(a; Medium; pp. 310-311)30.It is critical to understand how e-commerce fits into overall marketing strategy,what the firm expects to accomplish through it, and whether or not is working.a.Trueb.False(a; Medium; p. 312)Essay31.In what ways does the Internet add value to the marketing communicationsfunction? Your answer should include at least three of the four ways listed in the text and give an example for each.•Automate previously manual processes, such as postal mail to e-mail.•Monitor communications and alter messages immediately.•Software for tracking user’s behavior can be used to direct highlytargeted and individual communications.•Enhances promotional coordination among intermediaries.(Medium; pp. 290-291)32.How does the content sponsorship model generate revenues for the firm?•Generates revenue by selling advertising to other firms.•Ad space on Web sites.•Newspapers sell archived articles.(Easy; p. 303)33.What are the benefits of online auctions for buyers? What are the benefits forsellers? Are there any drawbacks to this model?•Buyers- Good pricing, Thrill of auction, convenience.•Sellers- Move excess inventory, market price for good, large pool of buyers, lowered customer acquisition costs.•Drawbacks for buyers – Time monitoring the auction, get caught up in auction and pay more than retail price.(Hard; p. 305)34.What are the differences between brokerage models and agent models?•Agents represent one of the parties in the transaction, either the buyer or the seller.•Brokers are intermediaries who bring buyer and seller together, but do not represent either party.(Medium; pp. 304-306)35.The text cites three different strategies through which online retailing can beparticularly effective. Define each and give an example of a real-life Websitethat uses each strategy.•Pure play Online Storefronts to sell physical products.•Brick and Mortar store that have added Online Storefronts to sellphysical and intangible products.•Online Storefronts that have added brick and mortar stores to sell content and digital or intangible products.(Hard; pp. 308-309)36.What is the role of an infomediary in the distribution system? What are theconsumer’s benefits from an infomediary? What benefits accrue to an theinfomediary and the advertiser?•Online organization pulls together and distributes marketplaceinformation.•One form is as a market research firm gathering purchase or othermarketing information that they sell to advertisers.•Content sponsorship model, firm pays customer for space on theircomputer that is resold to advertisers. Customer grants permission to bemarketed to.•Consumer benefits – payment from the infomediary, receiving targeted ads.•Infomediary benefits by selling to the advertiser consumer information and a targeted consumer group.•Advertiser benefits- market to a highly targeted audience, with a high propensity to consider their product or service. Also targeted market hasgiven permission to be contacted.(Hard; pp. 303-304)。
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12-4 品种的更换
品种的更换乃将收纳于Back-up Memory(备份记忆)的品种程序load到Current Memory(目前记忆)。
在上一层menu(选单) 选择「品种的更换」，则显示收纳于Back-up Memory(备份记忆)的品种程序清单。
① 请选择要执行品种更换的品种程序，并按[SELECT]开关。
显示品种程序的详细数据
檢索品種程式名稱
执行品种程序的排序
移往下一页
② 接着会有是否将Manual Parameter(手动参数)跟品种程序一起从Back-up Memory (备份记忆)load的询问。
按[ YES ]则将Manual Parameter(手动参数)与品种程序一起load到current。
按[ NO ]不load手动参数(Manual Parameter)。
③ 从Back-up Memory(备份记忆)将品种程序load到current。
也已选择了Manual Parameter(手动参数)的load
时，也一并load手动参数。
④ 已load到current的品种程序相连结的搬送程序与current的搬送程序不同，而存在于Back-up Memory(备
份记忆)时显示如下的画面，会有是否将搬送程序load到Current Memory(目前记忆)的询问。
按[ YES ]则将搬送程序load到current。
按[ NO ]則不load手动参数。
⑤ 从Back-up Memory(备份记忆)将搬送程序load到current。
⑥ load搬送程序后，会有是否将搬送全轴执行原点复归的询问。
按[ YES ]則開始原點復歸。
按[ NO ]则不执行原点复归。
⑦ 结束搬送的原点复归后，回到上一层menu(选单)。
【选择了与current(目前)品种相同的品种程序时】
① 无法选择与current(目前)品种相同的品种程序。
选择了与current(目前)品种相同的品种程序时，显示下述警告。
② 请按ESC 开关解除警告。
回到上一层menu(选单)。
【已load到current的品种程序没有连结的搬送程序时】
② 会有是否选择连结的搬送程序的询问。
按[ YES ]则选择搬送程序。
按[ NO ]则不选择搬送程序。
① 请选择所连结的搬送程序并按 SELECT 开关。
② 选择搬送程序则更新current(目前)品种程序与搬送程序的连结信息，自动地存盘品种程序。
③ 之后回到上一层menu(选单)。