病理生理学必备英文单词
医科专业英语词汇
医科专业英语1. anatomy解剖学2. physiology生理学3. epithelial tissue上皮组织4. connective tissue结缔组织5. muscular tissue肌肉组织6. nervous tissue神经组织7. the integumentary system体被系统8. the skeletal system骨骼系统9. the muscular system肌肉系统10. the lymphatic system淋巴系统11. the respiratory system呼吸系统12. the digestive system消化系统13. the nervous system神经系统14. the endocrine system内分泌系统15. the cardiovascular system心血管系统16. the urinary system泌尿系统17. the reproductive system生殖系统18. the cranial cavity颅腔19. the spinal cavity脊髓腔20. the thoracic cavity胸腔21. the abdominopelvic cavity盆腹腔22. homeostasis内环境稳定23. metabolism新陈代谢1.morphology 形态学, 生态学2.etiology 病因学, 病原学3.pathogenesis 发病学, 发病机理4.intrauterine 子宫内的5.endoscopy 内窥镜检查6.biopsy 活组织检查7.pathogen病菌; 病原体8.inflammatory diseases炎性疾病9.degenerative diseases变性性疾病, 退行性疾病10.metabolic diseases代谢性疾病11.congenital and hereditary diseases先天性和遗传性疾病12.neoplastic diseases肿瘤性疾病13.prognosis预后14.clinical history临床史15.specific treatment特异疗法, 特效(药)疗法16.symptomatic treatment症状疗法, 对症治疗17.chromosome染色体18.noninvasive procedures无创检查19.recessive gene隐性基因20.dominant gene显性基因anic disease器质性疾病22.electrocardiogram 心电图1.carbohydrate 碳水化合物2.esophagus 食管3.duodenum十二指肠4.pepsin 胃蛋白酶5.peristalsis蠕动6.cardiac / pyloric sphincter贲门/幽门括约肌7.gastrointestinal track胃肠道8.hydrochloric acid盐酸9.amino acid氨基酸10.glycerol甘油; 丙三醇11.gallbladder胆囊12.ileocecal valve回盲瓣13.salivary glands 涎腺,唾液腺14.hard/soft palate硬/软腭15.epiglottis 会厌mon bile duct 胆总管17.rectum直肠18.villus绒毛19.digestive enzyme消化酶20.taste bud味蕾21.appendix 阑尾22.ascending /descending colon 升/降结肠23.sigmoid colon 乙状结肠24.bowel movement 大便25.chyme 食糜1.respiratory tract呼吸道2.pharynx咽3.trachea气管4.bronchiole细支气管5.epithelial cell上皮细胞6.macrophage巨噬细胞7.oxygen氧气8.carbon dioxide二氧化碳9.mucous membrane粘膜10. nasal passage鼻道11. allergy变态反应(症), 过敏症12. swallowing reflex吞咽反射13. lymphatic tissue淋巴组织14. ciliated cell纤毛细胞15. inhalation吸入,吸气16. exhalation呼出，呼气17. nostril鼻孔18. cartilage软骨19. larynx喉20. alveolus肺泡21. tonsil 扁桃体22. irreversible damage 不可逆性损伤1. cardiovascular system心血管系统2. circulatory system循环系统3. plasma血浆4. erythrocyte红细胞5. leukocyte白细胞6. platelet count血小板计数7. megakaryocyte巨核细胞8. hematocrit血细胞比容9. hemoglobin血红蛋白10. diffuse扩散，弥漫11. granulocyte粒细胞12. osmotic pressure渗透压13. phagocytosis吞噬作用14. interferon干扰素15. systemic circulation体循环16. pulmonary circulation肺循环17. deoxygenated blood去氧血18. tricuspid valve三尖瓣19. pulmonic valve肺动脉瓣20. aortic valve主动脉瓣21. tachycardia心动过速22. bradycardia心动过缓23. systole心缩期24. diastole心舒期1. atrium心房2. ventricle心室3. mitral / bicuspid valve二尖瓣4. semilunar valve半月瓣5. endocardium心内膜6. myocardium心肌7. epicardium心外膜8. pericardium心包(膜)9. pulmonary trunk肺动脉干10. stethoscope听诊器11. murmur (心脏)杂音,12. pacemaker cell P细胞(起搏细胞)13. sinus /sinoatrial node窦房结14. atrioventricular node房室结15. aorta主动脉16. common carotid artery颈总动脉17. artery动脉18. capillary毛细血管19. superior / inferior vena cava上腔静脉/下腔静脉。
病理学部分英文专业词汇1
病理学部分英文专业词汇组织适应及损伤biopsy活体组织检查简称活检，是用局部切除、钳取、穿刺针吸以及搔刮、摘除等手术方法，采取患者活体病变组织进行病理检查，以确定疾病诊断。
pathology 病理学病理学是研究疾病原因、发病机制以及机体在疾病过程中的功能、代谢和形态结构改变的重要医学主干学科。
adaption 适应细胞和其构成的组织、器官受到内、外环境中过度的生理应激或轻度持续的病理刺激而发生的非损伤性反应，称为适应。
hyperplasia 增生组织或器官内实质细胞数目增多，称为增生。
增生可致组织和器官的体积增大。
增生是各种细胞分裂增殖的结果，也与细胞凋亡受到抑制有关。
可与肥大合并发生。
necrosis 坏死活体内局部组织细胞的死亡，称为坏死。
坏死组织内物质代谢完全停止，组织细胞的功能完全丧失，所以它是一种不可逆的变化，是组织细胞损伤最严重的一种。
hypertrophy肥大细胞体积的肥大，称为肥大。
其本质是由于实质细胞内的细胞器增多所致。
组织和器官的肥大通常是由细胞的肥大所致，但也可伴有实质细胞数量的增加。
肥大细胞的细胞代谢增加，功能通常增强。
atrophy萎缩发育正常的细胞、组织、器官的体积缩小称为萎缩，其本质是该组织、器官的实质细胞的体积缩小和（或）数量减少。
萎缩一般是由于细胞功能活动降低、血液及营养物质供应不足以及神经和（或）内分泌刺激减弱以及老化引起。
metaplasia 化生一种分化成熟的细胞类型被另一种分化成熟的细胞类型所替代的过程，称为化生。
degeneration 变性指细胞或细胞间质内出现异常物质或正常物质含量增多，包括水变性、脂肪变性、玻璃样变性、黏液样变性、色素变性等hydropic degeneration 水样变性称细胞水肿，通常是细胞损伤中出现最早的改变。
缺氧、感染、中毒等凡是能引起细胞液体和离子内稳态变化的损害，都可导致细胞水肿，通常见于肝、肾、心等器官的实质细胞。
医学专业英语的重点单词终结版
文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. 医学专业英语的重点单词终结版Human Body1.anatomy(解剖学)2.embryology(胚胎学)3.histology(组织学)4.hematology(血液学)5.immunology(免疫学)6.biology(生物学)7.cytology(细胞学)8.physiology(生理学)9.endocrinology（内分泌学）10.psychology(心理学)11.skeletal system(骨骼系统)12.muscular system (肌肉系统)13.circulatory system (循环系统)14.respiratory system(呼吸系统)15.urinary system (泌尿系统)16. endocrine system(内分泌系统)17.reproductive system(生殖系统)18.principal (重要的)19.joint(关节)20.cartilage(软骨)21.bone marrow（骨髓）22.cube-shaped(立方的)23.interior（内部的）24.external (外部的)25.hinge joint(结合点)26.pivot joint (区轴点)27.socket (臼槽)28.skull (颅骨)29.elbow (肘部)30.breast（胸部）31.hip joints (髂关节)32.cushioning（缓冲）33.striated muscles（条纹肌）34.smooth muscles（平滑肌）35.voluntary muscles(随意肌)36.function (功能)37.nourishment（营养）38.nutrient（营养素）39.blood vessel（血管）40.cardiovascular system (心血管系统)41.artery（动脉）42.capillary（毛细血管）43.vein （静脉）44.lymphatic system（淋巴系统）45.lymph vessel (淋巴管)46.lymph nodes(淋巴结)47.spleen（脾）48.expel（排除）49.carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)50.oxygen （氧气）rynx，throat（喉管）52.windpipe、trachea(气管)53.esophagus(食管)54.exhale（呼出）55.molecule（分子）56.saliva(唾液)57.enzyme（酶）58.kidney（肾）59.urine（尿液）60.ureter（输尿管）61.urethra（尿道）62.bile(胆汁)63.gallbladder (胆囊)64.sodium（钠）65.potassium(钾)66.bladder（膀胱）67.pancreas（胰腺）68.hormone（激素）69.pituitary(脑垂体)70.thyroid(甲状腺)71.adrenal gland (肾上腺)72.cortisone(可的松)73.adrenaline(肾上腺素)74.insulin（胰岛素）75.glucagon(胰高血糖素)76.collar bone（锁骨）77.spinal column(脊柱)78.spinal cord （脊髓）79.sperm(精子)80.ovum （卵子）81.testis，testes(睾丸)82.ovary（卵巢）83.testosterone (睾酮)84.progesterone（孕酮）85.estrogen（雌激素）86.tactile（触觉的）87.accessory (附属的)88.pharynx(咽)Human disease1.pathology (病理学)2.pathogen（病原体）3.fungi(真菌) fungus(s.)4.bacteria(细菌) bacterium(s.)5.virus(病毒) viruses(pl.)6.diagnose（诊断）7.paralysis（瘫痪, 麻痹）8.symptom（症状）9.sign（体征）10.symptomatic（有症状的）11.asymptomatic（无症状的）12.acute disease（急性病）13.chronic disease（慢性病）14.subacute disease（亚急性病）15.fatal（致命的）16.rheumatic fever（风湿热)17.subarachnoid（蛛网膜下的）18.epidemic disease（传染病）19.endemic disease（地方病）20.airborne droplets（空气传播的）21.apnea（呼吸暂停）22.atonia（张力缺乏）23.degeneration（退化）24.Stomatitis（口腔炎）25.prolapse（直肠、子宫等脱垂脱出）26.malfunction（功能失调）27.obesity（肥胖）28.malnutrition（营养不良的）29.hereditary（遗传）30.mental retardation(智力发育迟缓的)31.venereal disease（花柳病）32.hepatitis（肝炎）33.colitis（结肠炎）34.cholera（霍乱）35.typhoid fever（伤寒）36.boils（疥）37.pimples（小脓包)38.pus（脓）39.abscess（脓肿）40.armpit（腋窝）41.blood poisoning/sepsis(败血症)42.phagocyte（吞噬细胞）43.antigen（抗原）44.antibody（抗体）45.immunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白)46.opsonization（调理作用）plement（补体）48.negative feedback control（负反馈调节）The Digestive System1.gastrointestinal tract (胃肠道)2.ingestion(摄入)3.absorption（吸收）4.digestive(消化)5.elimination(排泄)6.oral cavity/buccal cavity（口腔）文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.7.palate(腭)8.chewing(mastication)（咀嚼）9.swallowing(deglutition)（吞咽）10.incisor（切牙）11.cuspid（尖牙）canine（犬牙）12.molar(磨牙)13.cementum(牙骨质)14..gum(牙龈)15..gingiva(牙龈)16.pulp(牙髓)17.enamel(牙釉质)18.periodontium(牙周组织)19.deciduous dentiton(乳牙)20.permanent dentition (恒牙)21.lower jaw bone（下颌骨）22.papillae(乳头)23.taste bud（味蕾）24.uvula（悬雍垂)25.parotid gland(腮腺)26.submandibular gland(下颌下腺) 27sublingual gland (舌下腺)28.epiglottis(会厌)29.nasal cavity(鼻腔)30.peristalsis(蠕动)31.fundus(胃底)32.antrum（胃窦）33.cardiac sphincter(贲门括约肌)34.pyloric sphincter(幽门括约肌)35.chyme(食糜)36.duodenum(十二指肠)37.jejunum(空肠）38.ileum（回肠）39.cecum(盲肠)40.rectum（直肠）41.colon(结肠)42.sigmoid colon (乙状结肠)43.ileocecal valve (回盲瓣)44.ascending colon (升结肠)45.transverse colon (横结肠)46.descending colon (降结肠)47.appendix(阑尾)48.stool/feces（粪便）49.anus（肛门）50. hydrochloric acid (盐酸)51.abdomen(腹部)52.cholesterol（胆固醇）53.bile pigment(胆色素)54.bilirubin(胆红素)55.blood protein(血红蛋白)56.erythrocyte（红细胞）57.glycogen(糖原)58.cilia、villi（绒毛）59.amylase(淀粉酶)60.lipase(脂肪酶)61.hepatic duct(肝管)62.cystic duct(胆囊管)mon bile duct（胆总管）64.detoxification（解毒）65.emulsification (乳化作用)66.bile acid (胆酸)The Disorders of the Digestive System1.gingivitis (牙龈炎)2.peptic ulcer （消化性溃疡）3.vomiting（呕吐）4.perforation(穿孔)5.barium(钡)6.hiatal(裂孔的)7.hernia(疝)8.endoscopy (内窥镜检查)9.hemorrhage(出血)10.histamine (组胺)11.chest cavity （胸腔）12.diaphragm（膈）13.gastritis（胃炎）14.hepatitis（肝炎）15.cirrhosis(肝硬化)16.hepatomegaly(肝肿大)17.edema(浮肿)18.jaundice(黄疸) 19.architecture(结构)20.nodule(结节)21.micronodular(小结节)22.macronodular(巨结节)23.lobular(小叶的)24.cholelithiasis(胆结石)25.cholecystitis(胆囊炎)26.biliary colic（胆绞痛）27.nausea (恶心)28.cholecystectomy(胆囊切除术)paroscope(腹腔镜)30.pancreatitis(胰腺炎)31.paralytic ileus(麻痹性肠梗阻)32.autodigestion(自体消化)33.necrosis(坏死)34.epigastric(腹上部的)35.appendicitis(阑尾炎)36.navel（脐）37.peritonitis(腹腔炎)38.ulcerative colitis(溃烂性结肠炎)39.antibiotic(抗生素)40.fistula(瘘)41.diverticulum（憩室）42.diverticulitis(憩室炎)43.diverticulosis(憩室病)44.polyps（息肉）45.diarrhea(腹泻)46.occult blood(隐血)47.proctoscope(直肠镜)48.sigmoidoscope(乙状结肠镜)49.colonoscope(结肠镜)50.ileostomy(回肠造口术)51.colostomy（结肠造口术）52.gastroduodenostomy(胃十二指肠吻合术)53.coloproctostomy（结肠直肠吻合术）Respiratory System1.pulmonary veins（肺静脉）2.irritant(刺激物)3.frontal sinus（额窦）4.ethmoidal sinus（刷窦）5.sphenoid sinus（蝶窦）6.maxillary sinus （上颌窦）7.paranasal sinus(副鼻窦)8.nasal cavity（鼻腔）9.nostril(鼻孔)10.nasopharynx （鼻咽）11.oropharynx（口咽）12.hypopharynx（下咽）ryngopharynx（喉咽）14.adenoids（腺体肿大）15.hypopharyngeal（下咽的）16.pharyngeal tonsils（咽扁桃体）17. palatine tonsils（腭扁桃体）18.tongue tonsil（舌扁桃体）19.vocal cords（声带）20.mucous membrane(分泌粘液的膜)21.fibrous connective tissue(纤维结缔组织)22.bronchi（支气管）23.Bronchiole（细支气管）24.alveoli，alveolus（肺泡）25.epithelium（上皮）26.parietal pleura（壁层胸膜）27.visceral pleura（脏层胸膜）28.horizontal fissure（水平裂）29.oblique fissure（斜裂）30.apex（肺尖）31.hilum（肺门）32.Collarbone（锁骨）33.diaphragm（横膈)34.mediastinum（纵隔）35.thoracic cavity （胸腔）36.abdominal cavity（腹腔）37.inhalation/inspiration(吸气)38.exhalation/expiration（呼气）39.brainstem(脑干)40.phrenic nerve（膈神经）41.acid(酸)42.acidity（酸度）文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.43.acidosis(酸中毒)44.alkalinity（碱度）45.alkali(碱)46.alkalosis（碱中毒）47.hyperventilation （换气过度）48.hypoventilation（换气不足）49..macrophages（巨噬细胞）50.mucus（粘液）Respiratory Disorders and Diseases1.pneumonia(肺炎)2.tuberculosis(结核)3.asthma (哮喘)4.allergic(过敏的)5.emphysema(肺气肿)6.influenza(流行性感冒)7.pneumonitis(肺炎)8.lobar pneumonia(大叶性肺炎)9.bronchopneumonia(支气管肺炎)10.pleurisy(胸膜炎)11.tubercle(结核结节)12.hemoptysis(咯血)13.phlegm(痰)14.exudates(渗出物)15.solidification(固化) 16.consolidation(实变)17.dyspnea(呼吸困难)18.cyanosis(紫绀)19.wheeze(喘息)20.Steroids(类固醇)21.allergen(过敏原)22.polio(脊髓灰质炎,小儿麻痹症)23.paralyze(瘫痪)24.mature(成熟的)25.prematurely(过早地, 早熟地)26.digitalis(洋地黄)27.diuretics(利尿剂)28.atrium(心房)29. acute pulmonary edema（急性肺水肿）30.pneumothorax(气胸)31.pneumoconiosis(尘肺)32.silicosis(矽肺)33.anthracosilicosis(碳矽末沉着症)34.bronchitis(支气管炎)35.bronchiectasis（支气管扩张）36.bronchospasm（支气管痉挛）37.hypercapnia（高碳酸血症）38.simple chronic bronchitis(单纯性慢性支气管炎).39.chronic obstructive bronchitis(慢性梗阻性支气管炎)40.asthmatic bronchitis(哮喘性支气管炎)41.noxious（有害的，有毒的）Common disorders of the cardiovascular1.atherosclerosis(动脉粥样硬化)2.lumen（内腔）3.ischemia（局部缺血）4.coronary heart disease(冠心病)5.angina pectoris（心绞痛）6.clot（血凝块）7.thrombosis(血栓形成)8.thrombus(血栓)9.myocardial infarction(心肌梗死)10.arhythmia(心律不齐)11.fibrillation(纤维性颤动)12.embolism(栓塞)13.embolus(栓子)14.stroke（中风）15.subcutaneous(皮下的)16.syncope(晕厥) 17.glomerulonephritis(肾小球肾炎)18.pyelonephritis(肾盂肾炎)19.rheumatic heart disease(风湿性心脏病)20.valvular murmur(瓣膜杂音)21.systolic pressure(收缩压)22.diastolic pressure（舒张压）23.congestive heart failure （充血性心力衰竭）24.vegetation (赘生物)25.essential hypertension（原发性高血压）26.secondary hypertension（继发性高血压）27.endocarditis(心内膜炎）28.pericardial tamponade(心包填塞)29.pericarditis(心包炎)30.hemorrhage（出血）31.shock（休克）32.plasma（血浆）33.dextran(右旋糖酐)34.vomitus（呕吐物）35.spermatic cord (精索)36.ligament(韧带)37.uterus（子宫）38.piles,hemorrhoid(痔疮)39.varix,varices(静脉曲张)40.phlebitis（静脉炎）41.etiology(病因学)42.dextran(右旋糖酐)Blood and immunity1.hemocyte(血细胞)2.erythrocyte(红细胞)3.leukocyte(白细胞)4.platelets(血小板)5.thrombocytes(血小板)6.clotting cells(血小板)7.plasma(血浆)8.fibrinogen(纤维蛋白原)9.fibrin(纤维蛋白)10.albumin(白蛋白)11.globulin(球蛋白)12.prothrombin(纤维蛋白原)13.globin(珠蛋白)14.hemoglobin（血红球蛋白）15.pigment（色素）16.heme（亚铁血红素）17.electrolyte(电解质)18.clotting factors(凝血因子)19.nucleus(核) nuclei(pl.)20.erythropoietin(促红细胞生成素)21.granulocytes(粒细胞)22.eosinophil(嗜酸性粒细胞)23.basophil(嗜碱性粒细胞)24.neutrophil(嗜中性粒细胞)25.agranulocyte(无粒细胞)26.monocyte(单核细胞)27.lymphocyte(淋巴细胞)28.polymorphonuclear(多形核细胞)29. detoxify(解毒作用)30.heparin（肝素）31.phagocytic (吞噬细胞的)32.macrophages(巨噬细胞)33.phagocyte(吞噬细胞)34.phagocytosis(吞噬作用)35.megakaryocyte(巨核细胞)36.hemostasis(止血)37.immunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白)38.thymus gland(胸腺)39.lymphoid organs(淋巴器官)40.debris(残片)41.cytotoxic（细胞毒性）42.interferons(干扰素)43.interleukins(白细胞介素)44.anemia(贫血)45.fatigue（乏力）46.heart palpitation(心悸)47.pallor(面色苍白)48.irritation（烦躁不安）49.aplastic anemia(再生障碍性贫血）50.pancytopenia(全细胞减少)51.hemolytic anemia (溶血性贫血)52.spherocytosis(球形红细胞增多症)53.jaundice(黄疸)54.pernicious(恶性贫血)55.megaloblast(巨成红细胞)56.sickle cell anemia(镰刀细胞性贫血)57.arthralgias(关节痛)58.extremities(四肢)59.ulceration(溃疡)60.thalassemia(地中海贫血)61.thrombocytopenia(血小板减少症)62.petechiae(瘀点)63.ecchymosis(瘀斑) 64.purpura(紫癜)65.hemophilia(血友病)66.intramuscular(肌肉下的)67.autoimmune disease(自身免疫性疾病)68.hematuria(血尿)69.hemarthrosis(关节积血)70.leukemia(白血病)71.neoplasms(肿瘤)72.acute myelogenous leukemia(急粒)73.acute lymphocytic leukemia (急淋)74.chronic myelogenous leukemia(慢粒)75.chronic lymphocytic leukemia(慢淋)76.multiple myeloma（骨髓瘤）77.plasma cells (浆细胞)78.osteolytic(溶骨性的)79.myeloblast(成髓细胞，原粒细胞)80.lymphoblast(成淋巴细胞)81.hypercalcemia(高钙血症)82.itching(痒)83.rash（皮疹）84.sneezing(喷嚏)85.urticaria（荨麻疹）86.asthma（哮喘）87.immunodeficiency(免疫缺陷)88.dysgammaglobulinemia(异常γ球蛋白血症)89.extrinsic(外缘的)90.intrinsic（内源性的）91.lymphadenopathy (淋巴结病) Development & Genetics1.zygote(合子)2.oviduct(输卵管)3.endometrium(子宫内膜)4.embryo(胚胎)5.chorionic sac(绒毛囊)6.chorion（绒毛膜）7.gonadotropin（促性腺激素）8.corpus luteum(黄体)9.placenta（胎盘）10.amniotic sac（羊膜囊）11.amniorrhea（破水）12.trimester（三个月，三月期）13.parturition（分娩）14.dystocia （难产）15.cesarean birth（剖宫产）16.oxytocin（催产素）17.prostaglandin （前列腺素）18. meiosis（减数分裂，成熟分裂）19.mitosis（有丝分裂）20.triplet（三胞胎）21.quadruplet(四胞胎)22.dissimilar（不同的）23.abort（流产）24.vagina(阴道)25.cervix（子宫颈）26.fallopian tubes(输卵管）27.fertilization(受孕，受精)28.pregnancy tests(妊娠试验）29.fetus(胎儿)30.umbilical cord（脐带)31.amnion(羊膜囊)32.menstrual(月经）33.birth canal(产道)34.gravida（孕次）35.primigravida（初孕妇）36.para（产次）37.inheritable（可遗传的）38.offspring（后代）39.dominant（显性）40.recessive（隐性）41.cell division（细胞分裂）42.rearrangement（重排）43.fragment（碎片）44.dissimilar（不同）45.identical（相同）Disorders of Pregnancy & Genetic Disease1.preeclampsia/eclampsia(先兆子痫)2.toxemia(毒血症)3.proteinuria(蛋白尿)4.ectopic(异位的)5.salpingitis(输卵管炎)6.endometriosis(子宫内膜异位症)paroscopic(腹腔镜检查的)8.miscarriage(自然流产)9.incompetence(无能力)10.induced abortion (人工流产)11.suction(抽吸)12.birth defect(先天缺陷)13.teratogen(致胎儿畸形药)14.malformation(畸形；变形)15.rubella/german measles(风疹) 16.measles(麻疹)17.herpes simplex(单纯疱疹)18.syphilis(梅毒)19.atresia(闭锁畸形)20.anencephalus(无脑畸形)21.spina bifida(脊柱裂)22.cleft lip(唇裂)23.cleft palate(腭裂)24.diabetes mellitus(糖尿病)25.amniocentesis(羊膜穿刺术)26.karyotype(染色体组型)27.chorionic villus(绒膜绒毛)28.transmit(传递)29.Mendelian fashion(孟德尔遗传定律)30.immunogenetics(免疫遗传学)31.incur(招致)32.mutagen(诱变剂，诱变因素)33.mutagenic(诱变的)34.carcinogen(致癌物)35.albinism(白化病)36.pigmentation(色素沉着)37.homozygote(纯合子)38.progeny(后裔，后代)39.schizophrenia(精神分裂症)40.counselor(咨询者；顾问)41.mutant(突变型；变异的)42.prenatal(出生前的)43.lethal(致命的)44.euphenics(优型学)45.euphenic(优型学的)Endocrine System1.endocrine(内分泌)2.dwarf（矮小症）3.hormone（激素）4.gland（腺体）5.glandular（腺体的）6.reproduction（生殖）7.metabolism（代谢）8.nutrien（营养素）9.target tissue（靶组织）10.receptor（受体）11.hormonal（激素的）12.steroid（类固醇）13.lipid（脂质）14.protein（蛋白）15.proteinlike compound(类似蛋白质的化合物)16.gonad（性腺）17.cortex（皮质，皮层）18.adrenal gland （肾上腺）19.kidney（肾脏）20.renin（肾素）21.calcium（钙）22.phosphorus(磷)23.pituitary（脑垂体）24.thyroid（甲状腺）25.parathyroid（甲状旁腺）26.pancreas（胰）27.pineal（松果体）28.sphenoid（蝶骨）29.anterior lobe（前叶）30.adenohypophysis（腺垂体）31.posterior lobe（后叶）32. neurohypophysis（神经垂体）33.hypothalamus（下丘脑）34.mammary（乳房的）35.antidiuretic（抗利尿的）36.oxytocin（催产素）37.uterine（子宫的）38.isthmus（峡）39.thyroxine（T4）40.triiodothyronine（T3）41.calcitonin（降钙素）42.homeostasis（内稳态）43.medullar（髓的）44.corticosteroid（皮质类固醇）45.glucocorticoid（糖皮质激素）46.cortisol（可的松）47.mineralocorticoid（盐皮质激素）48.aldosterone（醛固酮）49.epinephrine（肾上腺素)50.norepinephrine，noradrenaline（去甲肾上腺素）51.abdomen（腹部）52.exocrine（外分泌的）53.islets of Langerhans（胰岛）54.ovarian（卵巢的）55.estradiol（雌二醇）56.progesterone（孕酮）57.pregnancy（怀孕）58.malatonin（褪黑素）59.puberty（青春期）60.circadian rhythms（昼夜节律）61. Parathyroid hormone（PTH）62. calcitonin（降血钙素）63.Cushing's syndrome（库欣综合症）64.primary aldosteronism(原发性醛固酮增多症)65.pheochromocytoma（嗜铬细胞瘤）66.gigantism（巨人症）67.acromegaly（肢端肥大症）68.diabetes insipidus（尿崩症）69.hyperthyroidism（甲状腺功能亢进症）70.Graves'disease71.hyperparathyroidism（甲状旁腺功能亢进）72.hypoparathyroidism（甲状旁腺功能低下）73.hyperglycemia（高血糖）74.Addison's disease75.diabetes mellitus（糖尿病）76.glucose（葡萄糖）77.ketoacidosis（酮酸中毒）78.endemic goiter(地方性甲状腺肿大)79.nodular goiter（结节性甲状腺肿大）80.myxedema（粘液性水肿）81.bruit（杂音）82.ptosis（上睑下垂）The Nervous System1.neuron(神经元)2.neurology(神经病学)3.acetylcholine（乙酰胆碱）4.efferent(传出神经)5.afferent(传入神经)6.parasympathetic(副交感神经)7.sympathetic（交感神经）8.ganglion(神经节)9.plexus(神经丛)10.dendrite(树突)11.electrical charge(电信号)12.axon(轴突)13.myelin(髓鞘)14.neurilemma(神经鞘)15.synapse（突触）16.white matter（白质）17.gray matter(灰质)18.neurotransmitter(神经递质)19.neuroglia（神经胶质）20.astrocyte（星型胶质细胞）21.glioma（神经胶质瘤）22.microglia(小神经胶质细胞)23.oligodendroglia（少突胶质细胞）24.cerebrum(大脑)25.convolution，gyrus(脑回)26.peripheral nervous system(周围神经系统)27.autonomic nervous system(自主神经系统)28.visceral nervous system（内脏神经系统）29.groove(沟)30.fissure（裂）31.sulcus(沟)32.thalamus(丘脑)33.hypothalamus(下丘脑)34.diencephalon(间脑)35.pons(脑桥)36.cerebellum(小脑)37.brain stem(脑干)38.medulla oblongata(延髓)39.meninx（脑膜）40.cauda epuina (马尾)41.dura(硬脑膜)42.mater（脑脊髓膜）43.arachnoid(脑蛛网膜)44.pia mater(软脑脊膜)45.lumbar puncture(腰椎穿刺术)08级临床专英卷子（蔡江瑜整理）Tips：介于市面上缺少专英真题，这是我根据记忆整理的，漏了几个单词，段落翻译只能记得些关键词，不过应该翻翻书还是能找到的，给大家一些参考。
病理生理学专业英语
病理生理学专业英语Pathophysiology is a critical field of study that explores the complex mechanisms underlying the development and progression of diseases. As a specialized branch of medical science, it delves into the intricate interplay between biological, physiological, and biochemical processes that contribute to the manifestation of various health conditions. This comprehensive understanding is essential for healthcare professionals, researchers, and students alike, as it forms the foundation for effective diagnosis, treatment, and management of diseases.At its core, pathophysiology examines the aberrant changes that occur within the human body when it is subjected to various external and internal stressors. These alterations can range from cellular-level dysfunction to systemic imbalances, leading to the emergence of pathological states. By studying the underlying causes, pathophysiology provides valuable insights into the etiology, risk factors, and progression of diseases, empowering healthcare providers to develop more targeted and personalized interventions.One of the primary focuses of pathophysiology is the study of disease mechanisms. Researchers in this field investigate thecomplex signaling pathways, biochemical reactions, and physiological processes that contribute to the onset and development of various health conditions. This includes understanding the role of genetic factors, environmental influences, and lifestyle choices in the pathogenesis of diseases. By elucidating these mechanisms, pathophysiology enables the development of more effective preventive strategies and therapeutic approaches.Another crucial aspect of pathophysiology is the exploration of the body's adaptive responses to disease. When faced with a pathological state, the human body often responds with a series of compensatory mechanisms in an attempt to maintain homeostasis and mitigate the harmful effects of the underlying condition. Pathophysiologists study these adaptive responses, such as inflammatory processes, immune system activation, and organ-specific compensatory mechanisms, to gain a deeper understanding of the body's resilience and the potential for targeted interventions.Pathophysiology also plays a pivotal role in the field of differential diagnosis, where healthcare professionals must carefully distinguish between various disease entities that present with similar symptoms. By analyzing the unique pathophysiological signatures of different conditions, clinicians can more accurately identify the underlying cause of a patient's health concerns and develop appropriate treatment plans.Furthermore, pathophysiology is instrumental in the development of new diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies. Researchers in this field collaborate with experts from various disciplines, including pharmacology, bioengineering, and computational biology, to design innovative technologies and interventions that can detect, manage, and potentially reverse the underlying pathological processes.As the field of pathophysiology continues to evolve, it is essential to recognize its far-reaching implications. By deepening our understanding of the complex mechanisms that govern health and disease, pathophysiology empowers healthcare providers to make more informed decisions, tailor treatments to individual patient needs, and ultimately improve patient outcomes. Moreover, the insights gained from pathophysiological research have the potential to drive advancements in personalized medicine, preventive healthcare, and the development of novel therapeutic approaches.In conclusion, pathophysiology is a dynamic and essential field of study that holds the key to unlocking the mysteries of disease. Through its comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationships between biological, physiological, and biochemical processes, pathophysiology equips healthcare professionals and researchers with the knowledge and tools needed to address the pressing healthchallenges of our time. As the field continues to evolve, the potential for transformative breakthroughs in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases remains ever-present, making pathophysiology a critical cornerstone of modern medical science.。
医学专业英语必备词汇
医学专业英语必备词汇1. Anatomy - 解剖学2. Physiology - 生理学3. Pathology - 病理学4. Pharmacology - 药理学5. Microbiology - 微生物学6. Immunology - 免疫学7. Radiology - 放射学8. Dermatology - 皮肤科学9. Cardiology - 心脏病学10. Gastroenterology - 肠胃病学11. Neurology - 神经病学12. Nephrology - 肾病学13. Hematology - 血液学14. Oncology - 肿瘤学15. Orthopedics - 骨科学16. Ophthalmology - 眼科学17. Obstetrics - 产科学18. Gynecology - 妇科学19. Pediatrics - 小儿科学20. Endocrinology - 内分泌学21. Psychiatry - 精神病学22. Surgery - 外科学23. Anesthesia - 麻醉学24. Radiography - X射线技术25. EKG (Electrocardiogram) - 心电图26. CT Scan (Computerized Tomography) - 计算机断层扫描27. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) - 磁共振成像28. Ultrasound - 超声波29. Biopsy - 活检30. Diagnosis - 诊断31. Treatment - 治疗32. Prescription - 处方33. Medication - 药物34. Surgery - 手术35. Vaccine - 疫苗36. Epidemic - 流行病37. Pandemic - 大流行病38. Symptom - 症状39. Infection - 感染40. Contagious - 传染性的41. Immunity - 免疫力42. Antibiotic - 抗生素43. Antiviral - 抗病毒药物44. Antiseptic - 杀菌剂45. Anesthesia - 麻醉46. Sterilization - 灭菌47. Rehabilitation - 康复48. Prognosis - 预后49. Chronic - 慢性的50. Acute - 急性的。
医学英语专业词汇表
医学英语专业词汇表医学英语专业词汇表Anatomy(解剖学)Abdomen(腹部)Bone(骨骼)Brain(大脑)Cardiovascular system(心血管系统) Digestive system(消化系统)Muscles(肌肉)Organs(器官)Skeleton(骨架)Skin(皮肤)1.Physiology(生理学)Autonomic nervous system(自主神经系统) Biochemical reactions(生化反应)Cell structure and function(细胞结构与功能) Endocrine system(内分泌系统)Energy metabolism(能量代谢)Fluid balance and circulation(水分平衡与循环) Immune system(免疫系统)Metabolism(新陈代谢)Nervous system(神经系统)Respiration(呼吸)Circulatory system(循环系统)1.Medical Terminology(医学术语)Adrenal gland(肾上腺)Arthritis(关节炎)Asthma(哮喘)Back pain(背痛)Blood pressure(血压)Cancer(癌症)Cardiovascular disease(心血管疾病)Diabetes mellitus(糖尿病)Ear infection(耳部感染)Fever(发热)Heart attack(心肌梗死)Heart disease(心脏病)Influenza(流感)Kidney stones(肾结石)这只是一个简短的医学英语专业词汇表，涵盖了一些基本的医学领域。
如果您想深入学习医学英语，建议您查阅相关的教材、课程和资源。
病理生理学词汇
nocturia <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 夜尿
nonesterified bilirubin <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 非酯型胆红素
nonoliguric acute renal failure <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 非少尿型急性肾功能衰竭
病理生理学(Patho<病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 病理生理学
afterload <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 后负荷
anatomic shunt <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 解剖短路
respiratory hypoxia <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 呼吸性缺氧
respiratory insufficiency <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 呼吸功能不全
oxygen content <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 血氧含量
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 夜间阵发性呼吸困难
pathogenesis <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 发病学
respiratory acidosis <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 呼吸性酸中毒
respiratory alkalosis <病理生理学 Pathophysiology> 呼吸性碱中毒
病理学英语词汇大全
病理学英语词汇大全病理学英语词汇大全：pathology病理学acidophilicbody嗜酸小体acuteinflammation急性炎症acuteproliferativeglomerulonephritis,acuteprolglom.rm急性增殖性肾小球肾炎acuteviralhepatitis急性病毒性肝炎adenocarcinoma腺癌adenoma腺瘤airembolism空气栓塞alteration变质alterativeinflammation变质性炎症alveolarcarcinoma肺泡上皮癌amyloiddegeneration淀粉样变性anaplasia间变anemicinfarct贫血性梗死anteriorpoliomyelitis脊髓前角灰质炎apoptosis程序性细胞死亡,凋落,凋亡appendicitis阑尾炎arterialhyperemia动脉性充血arteriolosclerosis细动脉硬化arterioscleroticheartdisease动脉硬化性心脏病Aschoffbodyatheroma粥肿atherosclerosis动脉粥样硬化atrophicgastritis萎缩性胃炎atrophy萎缩atypia异型性autopsy尸体解剖bacillarydysentery细菌性痢疾bacteremia菌血症bacterialendocarditis细菌性心内膜炎bacterialpneumonia细菌性肺炎benigntumor良性肿瘤biopsy活组织检查bridgingnecrosis桥状坏死bronchialasthma支气管哮喘bronchiectasis支气管扩张,支气管扩张症bronchopneumonia支气管肺炎BurkittlymphomaBurkitt淋巴瘤cachexia恶病质,恶液质carcinoid类癌?carcinoma癌carcinomaofthyroid甲状腺癌cardiomyopathy心肌病carnification肉质变?caseousnecrosis干酪样坏死? caseouspneumonia干酪性肺结核cavity空洞degeneration变性，溃变? diffuseglomerulonephritis弥漫性肾小球肾炎disease疾病?drygangrene干性坏疽?duodenalulcer十二指肠溃疡dysplasia发育不良?edema水肿embolism栓塞?embolus栓子?emphysema肺气肿encapsulation包围?endemicgoiter地方性甲状腺肿?endocardium心内膜?epidemicmeningitis流行性脑膜炎? epithelioidcell类上皮细胞?erosion侵蚀etiology病原学? externalhemorrhage外出血?exudate渗出液?exudation渗血fatembolism脂肪栓塞fattydegeneration脂肪变性?fibrin纤维蛋白fibrinoiddegeneration纤维素样变性? fibrinoidnecrosis纤维素样坏死? fibroadenoma纤维腺瘤?fibroma纤维瘤fibrosarcoma纤维肉瘤? follicularadenocarcinoma滤泡腺癌? foreignbodygiantcell异物巨细胞? gangrene坏疽gasgangrene气性坏疽?gastritis胃炎?giantcelltumor巨细胞瘤?goiter甲状腺肿granularatrophickidney颗粒性萎缩肾granulationtissue肉芽组织? hairycellleukemia毛细胞白血病? heartheartfailure心力衰竭hemorrhage出血hemorrhagicinfarct出血性梗死? hemosiderin含铁血黄素，血铁黄蛋白hyalinedegeneration玻璃样变性? hyalinemembrane透明膜? hydropicdegeneration水性肿胀(水样变性) hyperplasia增生hypertension高血压hypertrophiccardiomyopathy肥厚型心肌病hypertrophy肥厚infarct梗死?infectioushepatitis传染性肝炎? infiltration浸润?inflammation炎症inflammatorypolyp炎性息肉?injury损伤internalhemorrhage内出血? ischemicnecrosis贫血性坏死? leftventricle左心室?leiomyoma平滑肌瘤?leiomyosarcoma平滑肌肉瘤?lesion病变?leukemoidreaction类白血病反应lipoma脂肪瘤?liposarcoma脂肪肉瘤liquefactivenecrosis液化性坏死? lobarpneumonia大叶性肺炎lobularpneumonia小叶性肺炎?lymphoma淋巴瘤macronodularcirrhosis大结节性肝硬变malignanthistiocytosis恶性组织细胞增生症malignanttumor恶性肿瘤medullarycarcinoma髓样癌melanin黑色素melanoma黑色素瘤membranousglomerulonephritis膜性肾小球肾炎metaplasia化生metastasis转移micronodularcirrhosis小结节性肝硬变mixedtumor混合瘤moistgangrene湿性坏疽mucinouscystadenoma粘液性囊腺瘤mycoplasmapneumonia支原体肺炎myeloma骨髓瘤myocardialinfarction心肌梗塞myocardium心肌myoma肌瘤myxoma粘液瘤necrosis坏死nephriticsyndrome肾病综合征nephrosclerosis肾硬化neuroblastoma神经母细胞瘤neurofibroma神经纤维瘤rheumaticmyocarditis风湿性心肌炎rheumatism风湿症sarcoma肉瘤scar瘢痕,疤痕sclerosis硬化septicemia败血症serouscystadenoma浆液性囊腺瘤shock休克silicosis矽肺squamouscellcarcinoma扁平上皮癌，鳞状上皮癌stageofcongestion充血期stageofgrayhepatization灰色肝样变期stageofredhepatization红色肝样变期subacuteinflammation亚急性炎subacuteviralhepatitis亚急性病毒性肝炎neuroticatrophy神经性萎缩oncogene癌基因，原癌基因organization机化osteoma骨瘤osteosarcoma骨肉瘤paleinfarct白色梗死papilloma乳头状瘤pathogenesis发病学pathologicanatomy病理解剖学pathologicatrophy病理性萎缩pathology病理学pepticulcer消化性溃疡pericarditis心包炎pericardium心包physiologicatrophy生理性萎缩piecemealnecrosis碎片状坏死pituitaryadenoma垂体腺瘤polypoidadenoma息肉状腺瘤primarycomplex原发综合征proliferation增殖pulmonaryabscess肺脓肿pulmonaryemphysema肺气肿pulmonarytuberculosis肺结核pyelonephritis肾盂肾炎rapidlyprogressiveglomerulonephritis急进性肾小球肾炎redinfarct红色梗死regeneration再生repair修复rheumaticcarditis风湿性心脏炎rheumaticendocarditis风湿性心内膜炎rheumaticepicarditis风湿性心外膜炎rheumaticheartdisease风湿性心脏病symptom症状syphilis(lues)梅毒teratoma畸胎瘤thromboembolism血栓栓塞thrombosis血栓形成thrombus血栓。
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病理生理学pathophysiology
水纳代谢
低渗性脱水Hypotonic dehydration
高渗性脱水Hypertonic dehydration
等渗性脱水（Isotonic dehydration
水中毒Water intoxication
水肿（Edema
隐性水肿recessive edema
钾代谢障碍
低钾血症Hypokalemia
高钾血症Hyperkalemia
超极化阻滞Hyperpolarized blocking
去极化阻滞Depolarized blocking
酸碱紊乱
挥发酸volatile acid
固定酸fixed acid
代谢性metabolic
呼吸性respiratory
酸中毒acidosis
碱中毒alkalosis
乳酸性酸中毒（lactic acidosis
酮症酸中毒（keto-acidosis
缺氧
缺氧hypoxia
低张性缺氧（hypotonic hypoxia
血液性缺氧（hemic hypoxia
循环性缺氧（circulatory hypoxia
组织性缺氧（histogenous hypoxia
发绀（cyanosis
贫血性缺氧（anemic hypoxia
高铁血红蛋白血症（methemoglobinemia
发热
发热Fever
过热（Hyperthermia
发热激活物（Pyrogenic activator
内生致热原（Endogenous Pyrogen EP
休克
休克Shock
多器官功能障碍综合征multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, MODS 弥散性血管内凝血
全身性Shwartzman反应（general Shwartzman reaction,GSR
心功能不全Cardiac Dysfunction
心律失常Arrhythmia
心室重塑Ventricle remodeling
向心性肥大concentric hypertrophy
离心性肥大eccentric hypertrophy
体循环淤血Systemic congestion
肺循环淤血Congestion of pulmonary circulation
劳力性呼吸困难Dyspnea on exertion
端坐呼吸Orthopnea
肺功能不全
呼吸功能不全(respiratory insufficiency
等压点（isobaric point, IP
功能性分流(functional shunt
静脉血掺杂venous admixture
解剖分流anatomic shunt
真性分流true shunt
急性呼吸窘迫综合征Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, ARDS
慢性阻塞性肺部疾病Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD 肺性脑病pulmonary encephalopathy
肝功能不全Hepatic dysfunction
肝性脑病（Hepatic Encephalopathy, HE
内源性肝性脑病（Endogenous HE
外源性肝性脑病（Exogenous HE
肾功能不全Renal Insufficiency
急性肾功能衰竭（Acute Renal Failure，ARF
氮质血症（Azotemia
健存肾单位假说（Intact nephron hypothesis
矫枉失衡假说（Trade-off hypothesis
少尿Oliguria
夜尿nocturia
多尿（polyuria
内生肌酐清除率（clearance of creatinine。