Enriched Oxygen BAC Method Dyeing-printing & Alkali-peeling in Advanced Treatment of Textile W
服装印花的英语词汇对照及印花工艺
服装印花的英语词汇对照及印花工艺服装印花的英语词汇对照及印花工艺自动筛网印花(automatic screen printing)满地印花(blotch print)烂花印花(burn—out prints)涪烘(curing)直接印花(direct prints)拔染印花(discharge prints)干法印花(dry prints)双面印花(duplex prints)静电荷(electrostatic charge)静电植绒(electrostatic flocking)按特殊要求印花(engineered print)叠印(fall on)平板(flatbed)植绒印花(flock printing)植绒(flocking)半色调或中间色调(halftone)手工筛网印花(hand screen printing)热转移印花(heat--transfer printing)喷射印花(jet printing)机械植绒(mechanical flocking)罩印(over print)印花色浆(print paste)印花对花准确／对花不准(print register／off register) 对花(registration)防染印花(resist printing)滚筒印花(roller printing)圆形筛网印花或圆网印花(rotary screen printing)筛网印花(screen printing)打样(strike off)热转移印花(thermal transfer printing) 经纱印花(warp prints)湿罩干印花(wet—On—dry)。
纸业专业英语词汇翻译（E）_新闻传媒英语词汇
eggshell book paper 蛋壳表面状整饰书籍用纸elastic paper 伸性（牛皮）纸elastic cable paper 电缆纸elastic cable fitting paper 电缆芯衬纸electrical paper 电气用纸electrical discharge recording paper 放电记录纸electrical insulating paper 电（气）绝缘纸electrical electro-chemical sensitive recording paper 电化学感应记录纸electrical-chemical telephotographic paper 电化学传真纸electrical-conductive paper 导电纸electrical-fax paper 直接法静电复印纸，氧化锌静电复印纸electrical-graphic paper 电谱纸electrical-photographic paper 静电复印纸electrical-photographic copy paper 电子感光复印纸electrical-photographic printing paper 电子印刷纸electrical-photographic recording paper 电子记录纸electrical-recording paper 电子记录纸electrical-sensitive paper 电敏金属纸electrical-sensitizing recording paper 电感记录纸electrical-static copying paper 静电复写纸electrical-telephotographic paper 电传真原纸electrical-thermosensitive recording paper 电热感记录纸electrolytic paper 电解纸electrolytic paper(for electroph-oresis) 电泳纸electrolytic capacitor paper 电解电容器纸electrolytic recording paper 电解记录纸embossed paper 提花纸，压印浮雕纸，压花纸blotting 压花吸墨纸blotting cover paper 压花封皮纸blotting glassine paper 提花玻璃纸blotting printing paper 压花印刷纸emery paper 钢砂纸enamel(ed) paper 铜版纸enamel book paper 涂布书籍纸enameled blotting paper 粘附在蜡光纸上的吸墨纸enameled postcard 涂布明信片卡片纸enameled end bands paper 卷简纸端都保护用纸end paper 环衬纸end leaf paper 环衬纸end leaves 环衬纸end sheet 环衬纸engish opacity paper 英国式不透明纸engraver's proving paper 凹版印刷校样纸enrober paper 糖果杯纸envelope-lining tissue 信封衬里薄纸envelope manila 马尼拉信封纸envelope paper 信封纸erasable parchment bond 可擦性仿羊皮纸esparto paper 西班牙草浆制成的纸张etching paper 雕刻用纸excelsior tissue paper 刨花纸excelsior wrapper 木丝包袭纸exercise book paper 练习本用纸expandable paper 伸性纸express fiber paper 货物包装纸express paper 货物包装纸extensible paper 伸性（牛皮）纸extra high bulk book paper 超松厚度书籍纸extras 超令纸extra strong paper 超强统extrusion coated paper 挤压涂布纸eggshell board 蛋壳纸板eleatrical board 电气用纸板eleatrical insulating board 电绝缘纸板eleatrical press board 电气绝缘压榨纸板electro-insulating board for air medium 空气介质电绝缘纸板embossed hard board 提花纤维板embossing board 提花纸板excelsior board 木丝板esparto board 西班牙草浆纸板extrusion coater 挤压式涂布机e folute e极瓦楞纸波形数（每天30厘米，96+-3个）early stage of cooking 蒸煮初期early wood 早材earth flax 石棉ease of solubility 易溶性easily hydrolyzable lindage 易水解的结合键eastern arbor-vitae(thuja occidentalis l.) 香柏，西方金钟柏eastern black walnut(juglans nigra) 黑胡桃eastern hemlock (tsuga laricina k. koch) 美国落叶松eastern red cedar (juniperus virginiana l.) 铅笔柏ebonise 假鸟木eony(wood) (diospyros ebenum) 鸟檀，鸟木ecentric growth 偏心年轮ecentric spindle 偏心轴eclipsed from 重叠形eco filter eco 白液澄清器ecology 生态学economic analysis 经济分析economic feasibility 经济合理性，经济可行性economizer 省煤器；省油器eddy 涡流eddy current 涡流edge 棱，边，边缘edge crush test 边缘压溃试验edge curl 卷边edge cutter 切边器edge doctor 边刮刀edge effect 边缘效应edge grain （木材）纵断面edge guide 纸幅校正器edge protector 边缘护体edge runner 碾磨机，碾子edge tear 边缘撕裂度edge tearing resistance 边缘撕裂强度edgewise compression strength （纸板）边缘抗压强度edgings 边材；纸边eduction pipe 排气管eductor 喷射器，引射器effective alkali 有效碱effective drying surface 有效表面；有效面积effective surface 有效表面；有效面积effervescence 泡腾；起泡（沫）effeciency 效率effeciency of drying 干燥效率effluent 废水，排出污水effluent disposal 废水处理effluent treatment 废水处理effluent treatment plant 废水处理车间effulgence 光泽egg carton 蛋品包装纸盒egg trap 蛋品包装用塑料纸板eggshell rinish 粗装饰；蛋壳状装饰eight mo octave 八开eject valve 排渣阀ejetor 喷射器ekcothern 纸板制品商业名称（供厨房用）elaborated product 加工产品elapsed time counter 越时计数器elastic calender bowl 弹性压光辊elastic fiber 弹性纤维elastic modulus 弹性模量，弹性模数elastic strength 弹性强度elasticity 弹性；弹力；弹性力学elastomer 弹性体elder(samrucus) 接骨木（属）election bristol 选票用纸electric circuit 电路electric conductor 导电体electric connector 电气接插件electric controller 电控制器electric comverter 变压器；变频器；转化器electric data processing 电力处理数据electric discharge 放电electric drive 电力驱动（装置）electric eye 光电池；电眼electric fuse 电熔丝，保险丝electric impedance 阻（电）抗，电阻electric insulation 电绝缘electric moisture meter 电力湿度计electric motor 电动机electric plate precipitator 电板除尘器electric power 电力；电功率electric power distribution 电力分布electric relay 继电器electric resistance 电阻electric saw 电锯electric utility 电气设施electric valve 电动阀门electrical conductivity 电导率electrical double layer 双电层electrical dust precipitation chamber 电气除尘室electrical dust precipitator 电沉降净化器electrical engineering 电工学electrical fiber 电绝缘纤维electrical precipitator 静电除尘器electrical presspahn 电气用纸板electrical properties 电性质electrical repair shop 电气修理工段electrical resistivity 电阻率electrode 电极electrodialysis 电渗析electrofax 电子传真复印；电子传真复印纸eletrograph 电记录器；电版机；电传照像图electrokinetic potential 电动势，动电势electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质；电离质；电解液electrolytic cell 电解（电）池electrolytic dissociation 电离（作用）electrolytic printing 电解印刷electromagnetic field 电磁场electron diffraction 电子衍射electronic consistency regulator 电子浓度调节器electronic control 电子控制electronic dirt counter 尘埃度电子测定仪electronic equipment 电子装置electronic instrument 电子仪器electronic microgage 电子厚度计electronic microscope 电子显微镜electronic probe 电子探头electronic probe sensor 电子探头传感器electronic speed regulator 电子调速器electro-osmosis 电渗electrophoresis 电泳electrophoretic mass transfer technique 电泳质量传递技术electrophoretic mobility 电泳淌度electrophotography 静电摄影electro-precipitation 电沉降净化electro-reel 电动（轴式）卷纸机electro-static charge 静电装料electro-static coating 静电涂布electro-staticfacsimile system 静电传真系统electro static gravure printing 静电照相凹版印刷electro-static latent image 静电潜像electro-static precipitator 静电除尘器electrostatic printing 静电印刷electrostatic recording 静电记录electrostatic transfer 静电转写electrostatography 静电记录electrostatics 静电学elementary fibril 原细纤维，原纤维elevator 提升机elm(ulmus) 榆属；榆树elongation 伸长率elongation at rupture 裂断时伸长率elrepho reflectance meter elrepho 白度计eluant 洗提液eluate 洗出液elution 洗提elutriate 淘选，淘析，淘洗elutriation 淘析，淘洗elutriation method 淘选法elutriator 淘析器elutriator 嵌入；埋置；灌封embosser 压纹机，压花机embossing 压花，印花embossing calender 印花压光机embossing capacity 压花能力embossing machine 印花机embossing roll 印花辊embryo 胚emergency pump 备用泵emergency repair 紧急修理emergency valve 安全阀emery 金刚砂emission 放射；发射；辐射emission spectroscopy 放射光谱学empirical formula 经验式emptying 放料；放空emptying device 放料装置emptying door 放料门emptying valve 放料阀emulsification 乳化作用emulsifier 乳化器emulsify 乳化emulsifying agent 乳化剂emulsifying tank 乳化槽emulsion 乳胶，乳液emulsion breaker 乳胶分解剂emulsion xanthation 乳态黄酸酯化enamel 搪瓷encapsulated emulsion 微囊化encode 编码encrust 结壳end band 卷筒纸端部用保护纸end crush test 垂直抗压强度试验end product 成品end (surface)hardness 端面硬度end wall 侧壁；端墙endless chain log haul-up （无端）链条拉木机endless felt 无端毛毯endless wire 无端铜网endless woven felt 无端毛毯endosperm （种子）内胚乳endothermal 吸热的endothermic 吸热的endothermic reaction 吸热反应endurance test 耐久试验energy consumption 能量消耗；动力消耗energy transfer 能量传递engelmann's spruce 恩氏云杉engine dyeing 机内染色engine sizing 机内施胶english finish 低光泽低平滑度装饰english plane (platanus acerifolia) 英国悬铃木english reel 英国式卷纸机engraver's bristol 凹版厚纸engraving roll 刻花辊，雕刻辊engraving steel 雕刻板enolic hydroxyl 烯醇羟基enriched water 浓白水entanglement 交织entering reel 待裁切纸卷，待退纸卷enthalpy 焓，热函entomology 昆虫学entrainment 雾沫entrainmentn separator 雾沫分离器entrapped air 留截空气entropy 熵entry end 入口端envelope 信封；外壳；外套；包皮envelope cartridge 信封纸envelope machine 信封制造机envelope manila 马尼拉信封纸environment （周围）环境environmental pollution 环境污染environmental protection 环境保护environmental stress cracking 环境应力分裂enzymatically liberated lignin 酵素游离木素enzyme 酶，酵素enzyme converted corn starch 酶化玉米淀粉enzyme treated starch 酶处理淀粉enzymolysis 酶解ephemeral 一年生epibromohydrin 表溴醇，3-溴-1，2-环氧丙烷epichlorohydrin 表氯醇，3-氯-1，2-环氧丙烷epidermal tissue 表皮组织epidermis 表皮epidermis cell 表皮细胞epimanool 表甘露糖醇epins （木材）扭纹斑epithelial cell 分泌；细胞层；沟周细胞epithelial parenchyma 上皮薄壁细胞epithelium 上皮epoxy resin 环氧树脂epsom salt 七水合硫酸镁；泻盐（商业名称）equalization basin 稳定糖equalizing basin 稳定糖equilibrirm concentration 平衡浓度equilibrirm moisture 平衡湿度equilibrirm water 平衡水equipment 设备equivalent weight （化合）当量erasability 耐擦性能erasable parchment bond 耐擦高级羊皮纸erasing quality 耐擦性能erasure 耐擦性erect 安装eremacarsis 缓慢氧化；（木材露天堆放）慢腐侵蚀erkensator 立式离心除砂机erosion 腐蚀；侵蚀er-we-pa former er-we-pa 成形器escape pipe 排气管；放空管esparto 西班牙草essential oil 香精油ester 酯ester group 酯基ester number 酯化值ester value 酯化值esterification 酯化（作用）etched roll 蚀刻辊ethane 乙烷ethanol 乙醇ethanol lignin 乙醇木素ethanolamine 乙醇胺ether 乙醚ether extract 乙醚抽出物ether soluble substance 乙醚可溶物etherification 醚化（作用）ethyl acetate 醋酸乙酯ethyl acrylate 丙烯酸乙酯ethyl alcohol 乙醇ethyl amine 乙胺ethyl cellulose 乙基化纤维素ethyl group 乙基ethyl meraptan 乙硫醇ethylated starch 乙基化淀粉ethylation 乙基化（作用）ethylene 乙烯；乙撑；次乙基ethylene group 乙烯基；乙撑基；次乙基ethylene diamine 乙（撑）二胺，乙二胺 1，2ethyleneimine 乙（撑）亚胺，吖丙啶，氮丙环eucalyptus (eucalyptus) 桉树属eucalyptus (eucalyptus globulus) 蓝桉eugenol 丁子香粉eureca refiner eureca 磨浆机european ash (fraxinus excelsior) 欧洲白蜡树european beech(fagus sylvatica l.) 欧洲山毛榉european birch(betrla alba. l) 欧洲桦european chestnut (castanes sativa mill.) 欧洲粟european fir (abies pectinata) 欧洲白冷杉european hophorn beam (ostrya carpinifolia) 欧洲铁木european horse-chestnut(aesculus hippocustanum) 欧洲七叶树european larch(larix decidua) 欧洲落叶松european lime (tilia vulganis) 欧洲椴木european plane(platanus acerifolia) 英国悬铃木european yew (taxus baccata) 欧洲紫杉eutrophication 营养质量鉴定试验evacuate 抽空evaluation 评价，评定evaluation test 评价试验evaporate 蒸发evaporated liquor 蒸发液evaporating capacity 蒸发能力evaporation 蒸发作用evaporation area 蒸发面积evaporation feed liquor 蒸发器进料evaporator 蒸发器evaporator man 蒸发工evaporator room 蒸发工段evaporator tank 蒸发槽even-aged forest 同龄材even-edged stand 同龄幼树even-side 双面同性evener plate 匀浆板evener (roll) 匀浆辊evergreen oak(quercus ilex l.) 常绿楮，常青栎evolution 展开；演变；进化ewnn solution 酒石酸钠溶液excavator 挖掘机；挖土机excelsior 刨花excelsior cutting machine 木丝机excelsior plate 木丝板excelsior wrapper 木丝包装纸excess air 过剩空气excessive cutting 过量裁切exchange capacity 交换能力exchange reaction 交换反应exchanger 交换器excited state 激发态excrescence burl 异状瘤（树病）exhaust 抽空；排气；使疲劳exhaust end 排出端；卸料端exhaust fan 排风机exhaust gases 排出气体exhaust hood 排气罩exhaust steam 排出蒸汽exhaust valve 排气阀；放气阀exhauster 排气机exharstion 排气；抽空；疲劳exit end 出口端exothermic 放热的exothermic reaction 放热反应expand 扩张；膨胀；延伸expandable box 可伸纸盒expandable mandrel 可伸支架，可伸骨架expander roll 展毯辊；舒展辊expanding shaft 胀缩（卷纸）轴expajnsion 膨胀expansion shell type heater 膨胀壳式加热器expansion trap 膨胀式除水器expansiveness 膨胀性能expansivity 膨胀性expediting setting 快速凝固experimental beater 实验室打浆机experimental paper machine 试验纸机experimental station 试验站experimentation 实验工作，试验（方法）exploded fibers 爆炸法纤维explosion chamber 扩散室；爆炸室exposed bark pocket 外夹皮express mill wrapper 货物包装纸expulsion of water 脱水extender 伸长器，拉伸器extensibility 伸长性extensible 可伸长extension 伸展，扩建；伸出部分extensometer 伸长计exterior plywood 耐风化胶合板external bus 外汇流条，外部总线external fibrillation 表面细纤维化，表面纤细化，表面帚化external protective tissue 表面防护薄纸external screw 阳螺丝external treatment 厂外处理exlinction coefficient 消光系数extra hour work 加班extract 抽提，萃取extract of log wood 洋苏木浸青extraction 抽提，萃取extraction chamber 碎浆机（排浆区）extraction -free wood 无抽提物木材试料extractor 抽提器，提取器extraction plate （碎浆机）底部筛板extractive 抽提物；萃取物extractive-free wood 无抽提物木材试料extractor roll 分离辊，剥纸辊extraneous components 杂质extruder 挤压机extruding laminator 挤压裱糊机extruding machine 挤压机extrusion 挤压extrusion coating 挤压涂布extrusion die 挤压模extrusion head 挤压器端部，挤压头exudation 渗出exudation of resin 树脂渗出eye screw 环首螺丝elastic paper 伸性（牛皮）纸elastic cable paper 电缆线elastic cable fitting paper 电缆芯衬纸electrical paper 电气用纸electrical discharge recording paper 放电记录纸electrical insulating paper 电（气）绝缘纸electro-chemical sensitive recording paper 电化学感应记录纸electrolytic paper 电解纸electrolytic paper(for electrophoresis) 电泳纸electrolytic capacitor paper 电解电容器纸electrolytic recording paper 电解记录纸embossed paper 提花纸，压印浮雕纸，押花纸embossed glassine paper 提花玻璃纸embossed printing paper 压花印刷纸emery paper 钢砂纸enamel(ed) paper 铜版纸enameled blotting paper 粘附在蜡光纸上的吸墨纸end paper 环衬纸english opacity paper 英国式不透明纸engraver's proving paper 凹版印刷校样纸enrober paper 糖果杯纸envelope paper 信封纸electro-conductive paper 导电纸electro-fax paper 直接法静电复印纸，氧化锌静电复印纸electro-graphic paper 电谱纸electro-photographic paper 静电复印纸electro-photographic copy paper 电子感光复印纸electro-photographic printing paper 电子印刷纸electro-photographic recording paper 电子记录纸electro-recording paper 电子记录纸electro-sensitive metallic paper 电敏记录纸electro-static copying paper 静电复写纸electro-sensitizing recording paper 电感记录纸electro-telephotographic paper 电传真原纸electro-thermosensitive recording paper 电热感记录纸esparto paper 西班牙草浆制成的纸张etching paper 雕刻用纸exercise book paper 练习本用纸expandable paper 伸性纸extensible paper 伸性（牛皮）纸extrusion coated paper 挤压涂布纸electrographic process （复制）电显影法easy bleach pulp 易漂浆esparto pulp 西班牙草浆eucalyptus pulp 桉木浆exploded pulp 爆炸法纸浆export pulp 出口纸浆embossed cigarettetissue 罗纹卷烟纸electrolytic tissue 电解用薄纸envelope lining tissue 信封衬里薄纸excelsior tissue 高级薄纸external protective tissue 表面保护用纸ec embedded costs插入成本的缩写ecf elemental chlorine free无元素氯（漂白）的缩写edta ethylene eiamine tetraacetic acid乙二胺四乙酸的缩写epc experimental prismatic calcite实验棱镜方解石的缩写erv estimated replacement value预计取代值的缩写esp electrostatic precipitator静电滤尘器的缩写esp emergency shutdown procedure事故停机程序的缩写eva ethylene vinyl acetate乙烯乙酸乙烯酯的缩写espra empire state paper research associates国立造纸研究会的缩写evoh ethylene-vinyl alcohol乙烯-乙烯醇的缩写eurocell 欧洲林产品有限公司的司标。
东丽酒伊织染（南通）（8.1-E67）展示除了注重环保还加入功能性的面料
东丽酒伊织染（南通）（8.1-E67）展示除了注重环保还加入功能性的面料
作者：
来源：《纺织服装周刊》2024年第07期
东丽酒伊织染（南通）公司以“Sustainability in all processes”为主题，介绍环保型的具有功能性的春夏季最尖端面料。
“纖细Airtastic”是100%尼龙的高密度织物。
使用细纤度纱线，轻量、紧密，风格柔和，还加入了具有弹性的新型性能。
“自由Primeflex”是使用复合纱的面料，具有舒柔的弹性。
向运动服装到时装、休闲服装的各个用途推广。
“究极Dermizax”是使用尼龙或涤纶的高性能防水透湿面料，并能根据顾客的需求定制。
“环保Ecospec”使用再生尼龙或再生涤纶。
使用获得GRS 认证的再生原料，凭借极细纱和高品质实现差别化。
由于出口的低迷，内销的竞争变得激烈。
在这样的情况下，开拓能应对伴随着消费变化的供应链变化的新商流，进一步追求符合生活方式的高性能、高感度面料，推进国际化品牌推广。
溢达无水染色原理
溢达无水染色原理
溢达无水染色是一种无水染色技术，也被称为直接染色技术。
其原理是通过将染料颗粒直接渗透到纤维内部，与纤维分子发生化学反应，从而实现染色的目的。
该技术不需要使用传统染色过程中所需的大量水、盐和助剂，减少了水资源的浪费和环境污染。
具体原理如下：
1. 溶液准备：将染料颗粒溶解在适当的溶剂中，形成染料溶液。
2. 渗透：将纤维材料浸入染料溶液中，使染料颗粒渗透到纤维内部。
3. 反应：染料颗粒与纤维分子发生化学反应，形成染色物质。
4. 固定：通过热处理或其他方法，使染色物质与纤维牢固结合，避免染色物质脱落。
溢达无水染色具有以下优点：
1. 节约水资源：无需大量使用水来稀释染料和清洗纤维材料，减少了用水量，节约了水资源。
2. 减少污染物排放：无水染色过程中不需要使用大量盐和助剂，减少了对环境的污染。
3. 节约能源：由于无需进行大量水的加热和蒸发，无水染色过程节约了能源。
4. 色牢度好：染料颗粒与纤维分子发生化学反应，染色物质与纤维结合牢固，具有较好的色牢度。
5. 染色均匀：无水染色技术可以实现对纤维内部的染色，染色均匀度高。
溢达无水染色是一种节约资源、减少污染、染色效果好的染色技术，具有广阔的应用前景。
法兰绒印染工艺流程
法兰绒印染工艺流程英文回答：Flannel printing and dyeing is a process that involves applying colors or patterns onto flannel fabric. It is a complex and intricate process that requires careful attention to detail.The first step in the flannel printing and dyeing process is preparing the fabric. This involves washing and bleaching the fabric to remove any impurities or stains. The fabric is then dried and prepared for printing or dyeing.Next, the design or pattern is applied to the fabric. This can be done through various methods such as screen printing, block printing, or digital printing. The choice of method depends on the desired outcome and the resources available. For example, screen printing is commonly usedfor large-scale production, while block printing allows formore intricate and detailed designs.Once the design is applied, the fabric is then subjected to the dyeing process. This involves immersing the fabric in a dye bath or applying the dye directly onto the fabric. The dyeing process can be done using natural dyes or synthetic dyes, depending on the desired colors and effects. The fabric is then left to soak in the dye for a specific period of time to ensure proper color penetration.After dyeing, the fabric is rinsed to remove any excess dye and then undergoes a fixation process. Fixation helps to set the dye and prevent it from fading or bleeding. This can be done through various methods such as steaming, heat setting, or chemical fixation. The choice of fixation method depends on the type of dye used and the fabric being dyed.Once the fixation process is complete, the fabric is washed again to remove any remaining dye or chemicals. Itis then dried and inspected for quality control. Any flaws or imperfections are corrected before the fabric is readyfor distribution or further processing.In conclusion, the flannel printing and dyeing process involves preparing the fabric, applying the design or pattern, dyeing the fabric, fixing the dye, washing the fabric, and inspecting for quality control. It is a meticulous process that requires attention to detail and careful execution to achieve the desired outcome.中文回答：法兰绒印染是一种将颜色或图案应用于法兰绒织物的工艺过程。
染整专业英语词汇选ranzheng
染整专业英语词汇选原料方面涤纶：ployester锦纶：nylon/polyamide醋酸：acetate棉；cotton人棉：rayon真丝：silk人丝：viscose长丝：filament短纤：spun黑丝：black yarn阳离子：cation氨纶：spandex/elastic/strec/lycra纱线 Yarns棉纱 Cotton Yarns涤棉纱 T/C & CVC Yarns粘棉纱 Cotton/Rayon Yarns棉晴纱 Cotton/Acrylic Yarns棉/氨纶包芯纱 Cotton/Spandex Yarns棉与其他混纺纱 Cotton/Others Blended Yarns毛纺系列纱线 Woollen Yarn Series羊绒纱 Cashmere Yarn Series全羊毛纱 Wool (100%) Yarns毛晴纱 Wool/Acrylic Yarns毛涤纱 Wool/Polyester Yarns毛粘纱 Wool/Viscose Yarns麻棉混纺布：linen/cotton blended fabric 粒粒绒布：pellet fleece velvet 麻棉交织布：linen/cotton mixed fabric 素色毛巾布：solid terry素色卫衣布：solid fleece彩条汗布color-stripes single jersey鱼网布：fleece里料：lining面料：fabric平纹：taffeta缎面：satin / charmeuse斜纹：twill绡：lustrine提花jacquard烂花：burnt-out格子：check条子：stripe双层：double – layer双色：two – tone花瑶：faille雪纺：chiffon高士宝：koshibo乔其：georgette塔丝隆：taslon弹力布：spandex/elastic/strec/lycra 牛仔布：jeanet牛津布：oxford帆布：cambric黑条纺：black stripe水洗绒/桃皮绒：peach skin卡丹绒：peach twill绉绒：peach moss玻璃纱：organdy染料方面碱性染料：basic dyes酸性染料：acid dyes活性染料：reactive dyes分散染料：disperse dyes阳离子染料：cation dyes还原染料：vat dyes直接染料：direct dyes硫化染料：sulphur dyes非偶氮染料：azo free dyes助剂、工艺及设备singe v. 烧毛singeing n. 烧毛desize v.退浆desizing n. 退浆gray goods 坯布，本色布works n.工厂examine v.检查piece n.一匹，一片gas singeing 气体烧毛scour v.煮练，净化bleach v.漂白degumming n.脱胶kier n.煮布锅pad v.轧染，浸轧subject v.使受到……alkali n.碱impurity n.杂质calcium n.钙impregnate v.浸透，浸轧impregation n. 浸透，浸轧pile v.堆放liquor n.液squeezer n.轧车cylinder n.圆筒，烘筒，滚筒mercerize v. 丝光处理；碱化处理calico n.印花棉布，（英）平纹布filter v. 过滤n.过滤器，过滤用物质shrink v.缩小，收缩lustrous n.有光泽的heat setting热定型majority n.大多数，大半woven adj.纺织的，织成的knit v.针织，编织preparatory adj.准备的，初步的release v.释放，放松strain n.张力，变形creasing n.折皱，皱纹bond n.键，接合，链合restraint n.约束，抑制orientation n.取向，定方位crystallinity n.结晶度（性）modify v.改变，改进，修饰hydrosetting n.湿（热）定型染色：dyeing,direct printing 直接印花transfer printing 转移印花thicken v.使变稠（厚，浓）roller printing滚筒印花screen printing筛网印花block printing模版印花carrier n.染色载体，运载工具engrave v.雕刻stenciling n.刻花版，刻版印花plate screen printing平网印花rotary screen printing圆网印花涂层：covering,coating，复合：compound,composite,印花：printing,贴合：laminate,磨毛：sanding,压光：cire, calender,wash out colors（拔染）discharge print（拔染印花）softening and antistatic agents 柔软及抗静电剂water and oil-repellent agents 防水防油整理剂insect-resist agents 防虫剂thickeners 增稠剂crosslinking agents 交联剂emulsifiers 乳化剂氯漂白 chlorine bleach spotting非氯漂白 non-chlorine bleach漂白 bleaching热（干态） dry heat热压 hot pressing印花牢度 print durability摩擦轧光整理：friction finish轧光整理：calender finish起绒整理：fleece finish阻燃整理：flame retardant finish柔软整理：mellow finish喷墨印花：busy print扎染：tie dye段染：space dye颜料染色：pigment dyequickwash shrinkage tester 快速洗水缩水试验机washing fastness tester 水洗牢度机martindate aorasion tester 耐磨损测试机universal strength tester 万能强力测试机light fastness tester 日晒牢度仪hank drier 绞纱烘燥机liquid-flow hank dyeing machine 液流式绞纱染色机normal temperature oscillating dyeing machine 常温振荡试样机sparging（jet）dyeing machine 喷射式染色机high temperature overflow dyeing machine 高温溢流染色机high temperature and high pressure yarn dyeing machine 高温高压染纱机atmospheric overflow dyeing machine 常温溢流染色机rope impregnating mangle 绳状浸染机resin finishing 树脂整理starch finishing 上浆颜色方面红色red朱红vermeil; vermilion; ponceau粉红pink; soft red; rose bloom玫瑰红rose madder; rose桃红peach blossom; peach;橙色orange黄色yellow桔黄orange; crocus; gamboge;深桔黄,深橙deep orange 米黄apricot cream cream中黄midium yellow嫩黄yellow cream绿色green橄榄绿olive green olive水草绿water grass green深草绿jungle green灰湖绿agate green水晶绿crystal green中绿medium green; golf green浅绿light green淡绿pale green蓝色blue天蓝sky blue; azure celeste;蔚蓝azure; sky blue海洋蓝ocean blue紫色purple; violet紫罗兰色violet葡萄紫grape茄皮紫aubergine; wineberry玫瑰紫rose violet黑色black土黑earth black煤黑coal black橄榄黑olive black棕黑sepia; brown black白色white象牙白ivory white; ivory珍珠白pear white gray lily玉石白jade white灰色grey; gray银灰silver grey;chinchilla; gray mom 铁灰iron grey铅灰lividity; leaden grey碳灰charcoal grey驼灰doe豆灰rose dust棕色,褐色brown红棕umber;chili金棕auburn铁锈棕rustic brown桔棕orange brown橄榄棕olive brown棕褐summer tan茶褐auburn umber黑褐black brown咖啡色coffee紫酱色marron茶色umber;dun;dark brown琥珀色amber;succinite栗色chestnut;sorrel;marron金色gold古金色old gold银色silver;argent铅色lividity锌色zinc铁锈色rust青古铜色bronze;bronzy黑古铜色dark bronze紫铜色purple bronze黄铜色brassiness驼色camel;light tan米色beige; buff;cream;gray sand卡其色khaki奶油色cream豆沙色cameo肉色flesh , carnation;incarnadine; yellowish pink水晶色crystal荧光色iridescent产品检验及标准方面质量标准：quality standard拉伸强度：tensile strength客检：customer inspection台板检验：table inspection经向检验：lamp inspection皂洗色牢度washing color fastness色牢度color fastness摩擦色牢度：rubbing / cricking color fastness 光照色牢度：light color fastness汗渍色牢度：perspiration color fastness水渍色牢度：water color fastness尺寸稳定性：dimensional stability外观持久性：appearance retention撕破强度：tear strength接缝滑裂：seam slippage抗起毛起球性：pilling resistance耐磨性：abrasion resistance拒水性：water repellency抗水性：water resistance织物密度：thread per inch/stich density纱支：yarn count克重：weight氯漂白色牢度：chlorine bleach color fastness 纤维成分 fibre composition染料识别 dyestuff identification靛蓝染料纯度 purity of indigo含水率 moisture content可萃取物质 extractable matter填充料和杂质量 filling and foreign matter content 淀粉含量 starch content甲醛含量 formaldehyde content甲醛树脂 presence of formaldehyde resin棉丝光度 mercerisation in cottonPH值 PH value环保专业英语竞赛复习题Ⅰ.Words.aerosols 气溶胶/ 气雾剂agricultural wastes 农业废物commercial noise 商业噪音composite pollution 混合污染dioxins 二恶英hazardous substances 危险物质hazardous wastes 危险废物heavy metals 重金属hospital wastes 医院废物industrial effluents 工业废水industrial emissions 工业排放物industrial fumes 工业烟尘industrial noise 工业噪声inorganic pollutants 无机污染物lead contamination 铅污染liquid wastes 液体废物litter 丢弃物/ 废气物mercury contamination 汞污染micropollutants 微污染物mining wastes 采矿废物motor vehicle emissions 机动车辆排放物municipal waste 城市废物nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物noise pollution 噪声污染odour nuisance 恶臭公害organic pollutants 有机物污染pharmaceutical wastes 医药废物plastic wastes 塑料废物radioactive substances 放射性物质rubber waste 橡胶废物sewage 污水solid wastes 固体废物thermal pollution 热污染toxic substances 有毒物质toxic waste 有毒废物toxins 毒素traffic noise 交通噪音trash 废物/ 垃圾wood waste 木材废料biological weapons 生物武器cement industry 水泥工业chemical weapons 化学武器chimneys 烟囱motor vehicles 机动车辆motorcycles 摩托车nuclear weapons 核武器ocean dumping 海洋倾倒oil spills 石油泄漏scrap metals 废金属excavation heaps 挖掘堆积acoustic insulation 隔音chemical decontamination 化学污染清除desulphurization of fuels 燃料脱硫filters 过滤器noise abatement 噪音治理pollution abatement equipment污染治理设备pollution control technology 污染控制技术radiation protection 辐射防护scrubbers 洗涤器separators 分离器smoke prevention 防烟waste minimization 废物最少化battery disposal 电池处理chemical treatment of waste 废物的化学处理disposal sites 处置场所incineration of waste 废物焚烧mine filling 矿山回填oil residue recuperation 残油回收recycled materials 回收的材料recycling 回收reuse of materials 材料再利用sanitary landfills 卫生填埋sea outfall 海洋排泄口septic tanks 化粪池sewage disposal 污水处置sewage treatment systems 污水处理系统solid waste disposal 固体废物处置waste assimilation capacities 废物同化处置waste conversion techniques 废物转化技术waste disposal 废物处置waste disposal in the ground 废物土地处置waste recovery 废物回收waste use 废物利用water reuse 水的再利用Environmental problemsWater pollution 水污染Air pollution 空气污染Global warming 温室效应Water quality 水质Wastewater 废水Environmental Monitoring 环境监测Pesticides 农药Fossil Fuel 化石燃料Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Surface runoff 地表径流Eutrophic 富营养化BOD 生化需氧量TOC 总有机碳Ecosystem 生态系统Metabolic activities 新陈代谢COD 化学需氧量Microorganism 微生物persistent organic pollutants难降解有机污染物Population explosion 人口膨胀radioactive waste management放射性废物管理Ⅱ. Multiple choice: For each of the questions below there is one correct (or most appropriate) answer. X-out the letter identifying your choice of answer for each question on your exam-paper.1. Soil science include two main divisions, the one which studies soils as the habitat for plants and other organisms is calleda)Edaphology b) pedology, c) soil science, d) geology2.Of the following weathering processes, the one belonging to physical weathering isa) hydrolysis b) carbonation c) hydrationd) abrasion caused by bombardment of minerals by materials suspended in wind3.Soil porosity is a measure of pore space. It is usually inversely correlated witha)bulk density, b) particle density, c) texture, d) soil separates4.The quantity of water that a soil can release to plant is calleda)field capacity, b) permanent wilting point, c) available water capacity,d) plant available water5.Of the following fertilizers and soil amendment, the one which is most soluble isa)CaHPO4b) CaSO4.2H2O c) KCl d) CaCO3.6.Of the following fertilizers and soil amendment, the one which is least soluble isa)Ca(H2PO4)2, b) CaSO4• 2H2O, c) KCl d) NH4NO3.7. A gardener uses a wheat straw-mulch between rows of cool-season vegetables (carrots, beets,radishes, etc.) which are successfully grown in the spring. In early summer, the mulch and plant residue is incorporated by cultivation before planting warm season plants (melons, squash, etc.). No fertilizer has been added for several years as the gardener practices ―organic‖ gardening. The warm season plants show a chlorosis of the older leaves during rapid plant development. You suspect the cause to bea)microbial immobilization of N that would otherwise be available to the garden plants.b)microbial mineralization of N that would otherwise be available to the garden plants.c)microbial nitrification of N that would otherwise be available to the garden plants.d)potassium deficiency.8. A nitrogen transformation process responsible for causing at least a temporary decrease inammonium-N, increase in nitrate-N, and decrease in pH isa)mineralization. b) nitrification. c) denitrification. d) immobilization.9. A nitrogen transformation process responsible for causing at least a temporary increase inammonium-N isa)mineralization. b) nitrification. c) denitrification. d) immobilization.10. A nitrogen transformation process responsible for causing a decrease in nitrate-N underanaerobic conditions isa)mineralization. b) nitrification. c) denitrification. d) immobilization.11.When ammonia reacts with water, the result isa)increased nitrate and decreased pH. b）decreased nitrate and increased pH.c)increased ammonium and decreased pH. d) increased ammonium andincreased pH.12.Available soil nitrogen may be lost as ammonia volatilization when nitrogen is present in theammonium form anda)the soil is limed and then becomes hot and dry.b)b) the soil is limed and then becomes waterlogged.c)the ammonification process is reversed as a result of incorporating a fresh supply ofeasily decayed crop residue.d)denitrification takes place rapidly.13.The nitrogen fertilizer material that has the highest likelihood of being lost to the atmosphereas a result of surface soil reactions isa)ammonium nitrate b) urea c) ammonium sulfate d)diammoniumphosphate.14.The form of calcium absorbed by plants isa)Ca-b) Ca=c) Ca+d) Ca++15. A homeowner has a compost bin filled with oak leaves raked from their lawn last fall. Theleaves have been maintained moist and turned about twice a month, but very little composting has occurred. You expect the composting process could be speeded up bya)turning the pile more frequently to improve aeration. b) adding N fertilizer.c)adding P fertilizer d) adding K fertilizer.16.The immobility of P in soils is primarily a result of orthophosphatesa)reacting with Ca in acid soils and Fe and Al in neutral and basic soilsb)being immobilized in soil organic matterc)reacting with Fe and Al in acid soils and Ca in neutral and basic soilsd)reacting with K in acid soils and Ca in neutral and basic soils.17.The acronym ―CROPT‖ for five soil-forming factors meansa)climate, relief, organism, parent material and timeb)climate, tillage, organism, parent material and timec)climate, topography, organism, parent material and temperatured)climate, relief, organism, parent material and temperature18.The sodicity of irrigation water is evaluated by sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), the thresholdof SAR for an irrigation water is set ata) 5 b) 9 c) 11 d) 1819.Of the following cases, the least soil erosion occurs witha) continuous fallow, b) no-tillage c) typical row crop d) corn-soybean rotationyer silicate minerals are sometimes defined on the basis of the number of the octahedralpositions occupied by cations. Normally, in a trioctahedral mineral, the cation isa) Mg2+b) Al3+c) Si4+d) Mn2+III. Convert the following scientific terms into chemical symbols1) ammonium ion; 2) hydrochloric acid; 3) sulfuric acid; 4) tetravalent silicon cation; 5) ammonium nitrate; 6) gypsum; 7) calcite; 8) urea; 9) potassium chloride; 10) mono-ammonium phosphate.答案：1) NH4+, 2) HCl; 3) H2SO4; 4) Si4+; 5) NH4NO36) CaSO4.2H2O; 7) CaCO3; 8) (NH2)2CO; 9) KCl; 10) NH4H2PO4Ⅳ. Reading comprehention:AAre you doing all you can to recycle your rubbish? It only takes a minute to recycle and help reduce waste in your home as well as the costs of waste management. Here are some ideas to get you started.A Never throw away vegetable matter. Start a compost (混合肥料) bin in your garden. You'll be amazed how much this can reduce the bulk (体积) of your rubbish andit's great for the garden, too.B Don't throw used containers in the rubbish. Get into the habit of sorting them into recycling categories (class or group of things)—glass, aluminum (铝), plastics and paper.C Glass containers can be placed in the bottle banks at supermarket car parks throughout the city. Look for the big green bins. Or you can leave your bottles out for collection on Monday morning.D Aluminum cans can earn you cash so don't just throw them away—save them and save money. Ring your council to find out when they collect.E Paper is easily recycled. Weekly collections are common in most areas. Make sure you place recyclable paper in the black bins provided. Ask the council offices if you don't already have a bin. But remember, waxed paper is not accepted.F Most plastic bottles and containers can be recycled. Look on the bottom of the container for the identification (识别) code.65.The following four pictures are mentioned in .A. Item A,C,D,FB. Item A,B,D,FC. Item B,D,E,FD. Item B,C,D,E66. You can make money by saving .A. paperB. glass bottlesC. plastic bottlesD. aluminum cans67. Which of the following statements is true to the facts about waste management?A. All paper can be recycled.B. The recycling code is found on the side of plastic bottles.C. All plastic containers can't be recycled.D. You can put glass containers in the park.BAs a result of pollution, Lake Erie, on the borders of the U.S.A. and Canada, is now without many living things.Pollution in water is not simply a matter of ―poisons" killing large numbers of fish overnight. Very often the effects of pollution are not noticed for many months or years because the first organisms (生物体) to be affected are either plants or plankton (浮游生物). These organisms are the food of fish, birds, and other creatures. When this food disappears, the fish and birds die, too. In this way a whole food chain can be wiped out, and it is not until dead fish and water birds are seen at the river's edge or on the sea shore that people realize what is happening.Where do the substances which pollute the water come from? There are two main sources, sewage (污水) and industrial waste. As more detergent (洗涤剂) is used in the homes, so more of it is finally put into our rivers, lakes and seas. Detergents harm water, birds, breaking down the natural substances which keep their feathers waterproof. Sewage itself, if not properly treated, makes the water dirty and prevents all forms of life in rivers and the sea from receiving the oxygen they need. Industrial waste is even more harmful since there are many highly poisonous materials in it, such as copper and lead.So, if we want to stop this pollution, the answer is simple. Sewage and industrial waste must be made clean before flowing into the water reservoirs. It may already be too late to save some rivers and lakes, but others can still be saved if the correct action is taken at once.68. Pollution in water is noticed .A. when the first organisms are affectedB. when a great many fish and birds dieC. when poisons are poured into waterD. as soon as the balance of nature is destroyed69. The living things die because there is no in the lake or river.A. oxygenB. poisonC. waterD. fish70. What is the meaning of ―waterproof", the underlined word in the third paragraph?A. Full of water.B. Covered with water.C. Not allowing water to go through.D. Cleaned by water.71.The way to stop water pollution is .A. to put oxygen into the riverB. to realize the serious situation clearlyC. to make special room in the sea for our wasteD. to make the waste material harmlessCPart AIn 2001 the United Kingdom was hit again by foot-and-mouth disease, the first time since the 1960s, causing a national crisis. However, much of the panic and confusionwas spread largely as a result of ignorance of the disease.Foot-and-mouth is a highly contagious (传染性的) disease found in Africa, South America, Asia, the Middle East and parts of Europe. It affects cloven-footed (偶蹄) domestic animals such as cows, pigs, sheep and goats, as well as wild animals like rats and deer and zoo animals such as elephants. Horses, however, cannot contract (感染) the disease.It is very rare for humans to catch the disease. Indeed, only one case has been recorded in Great Britain and that was in 1967.Part BFoot-and-mouth disease is insidious (潜伏的) and can be spread by direct or indirect contact with infected animal. The disease can be spread in the wind, and can also be spread by people, equipment or vehicles which have been in contact with the disease.Although the authorities do not really know where this latest outbreak of the disease originated, it can enter a country in frozen meat imported from other countries where the disease is common. Unlike Mad Cow Disease (BSE) and the human equivalent CJD, foot-and-mouth has no implications (牵连) for the human food chain. Any meat, milk,cheese, and other dairy products can be consumed quite safely.Part CIt seems that the only way to contain the disease is to kill infected animals. There is no curefor the disease, and although adult animals normally recover in 2~3 weeks, they sadly remain carriers of the virus (病毒) for up to two years.From the time the disease was first reported to the time the epidemic (流行) was officially declared over, one and a half million and more domestic animals were slaughtered and large areas of the countryside were closed to the public. These areas included parks, woods and forests, and various leisure attraction situated in the countryside.65. The main purpose of writing this text is ________.A. to warn people of the danger of the diseaseB. to describe the disaster caused by the diseaseC. to share some of the facts about the diseaseD. to declare the success in control of the disease66. Foot-and-mouth disease is insidious because it is spread ________.A. by farmers and farm vehiclesB. in so many different waysC. by being carried in the airD. mainly by people who have been in contact with infected animals67. How is foot-and-mouth different from Mad Cow Disease?A. It affects the human food chain.B. People cannot consume dairy products.C. It is found in frozen meat.D. Meat is still safe to eat.68. The underlined word ―they" in Part C refers to ________.A. diseasesB. infected animalsC. adult animalsD.2~3 weeksDBiological Invasion (入侵): Rabbits, an Australian Way of Life When introduced to Australia, rabbits proved a disaster. The story is from multiple sides—from how rabbits destroyed vast zones of grazing land (畜牧场), to what natives thought, to the 1930s Depression (大萧条) when rabbits kept hungry stomachs full.Rabbits, even with human help, took some six centuries to spread throughout Britain. They spread faster than any introduced mammal (哺乳动物) anywhere. They moved 10 to 15 kilometres a year through forests and up to 130 kilometres across open country.Rabbits ate seedlings until no plants remained left. Grazing animals starved. Pasture and soil disappeared. After 1880, many rabbit-control methods were tried but nothing worked.Rabbits reached central Australia in 1894. T. Tjupurrula tells how his father saw one of the first rabbits in Pintupi country, Northern Territory, in 1908:“That yumpita's had gone into a hole. Might be dangerous one. Look-out! : Nose, whiskers big one eyes, long one ears: Alright, he's not dangerous one, he's only eating grass.”Big landowners hated rabbits. Yet many small farmers and poorer Australians, both European and natives, needed them. For the price of a cheap rifle or a few steel traps, they had an endless supply of meat for their families and skins to sell for cash. Many a kid of the Depression years remembers creeping out into the forest to trap rabbits for breakfast. Just 30 years after rabbits were introduced, governments were offering a small fortune for a way of finishing them. Many methods of rabbit control failed. Instead, Australians learned to keep out further species that might run wild. From 1940 onwards, the Commonwealth (联邦) Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) experimented with chemical and biological methods of rabbit control. Fumigation (烟熏法) seemed promising, but under pressure from land-holders, CSIRO used myxomatosis (多发性粘液瘤). It spread rapidly, killing millions of rabbits.68. During the 1930s Depression, in Australia, rabbits _______.A. were food for hungry peopleB. ate up huge areas of grazing landC. were killed for funD. made grass-eating animals starve69. Rabbits moved ________.A. more slowly in open country than in woodsB. in woods as fist as in open countryC. much faster in open country than in woodsD. slowly in woods as well as in open country70. In the 1930s Depression years, Which is NOT mentioned?A. poorer Australians could afford to buy rifles to kill rabbitsB. wealthy Australians disliked rabbits deeplyC. most kids experienced rabbit-hunting for mealsD. the rich land-holder also sold rabbit skins for money71. Ever-growing rabbits ______.A. were an only supply of skins for the poor to change for cashB. were a disaster for humans to balance natureC. can only be controlled by chemical methodsD. didn't draw the Commonwealth government's attentionEThere is much discussion today about whether economic (经济的) growth is desirable. At an earlier period, our desire for material wealth may have proved proper. Now, however, this desire for more than we need is causing serious problems. Even though we have good intentions, we may be producing too much , too fast.Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society is coming near to certain limits on growth. These include the fixed supply of natural resources, the possible bad effects of industry on the natural environment ,and the continuing increase in the world's population. As society reaches these limits, economic growth can no longer continue, and the quality of life will decrease.People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present growth rate there are still many poor people in the world. These proponents of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in the world. Furthermore, they argue that only continued growth can provide the financial(财政的) resources required to protect out natural surroundings from industrialization.This discussion over the desirability of continued economic growth is very important to business and industry. If those who argue against economic growth are correct, the problems they mention cannot be ignored(忽视). To find an answer, economists and the business community must pay attention to these problems and continue discussing them with one another.72. According to those who argue against economic growth we must slow down for the followingreasons EXCEPT that .A. our natural surroundings are in danger of being destroyed by industryB. the fixed supply of natural resources marks a point beyond which economic growth cannotcontinueC .the world population is ever increasingD. more effects should be made to improve the quality of our material life73. The passage is mainly about .A. the importance of the discussion on economic growthB. the advantages and disadvantages of economic growthC. the present discussion on economic growthD. the relationship between economic growth and environment74. We may infer from the context the underlined word“proponents”most probably means .A. arguments in support of somethingB. disagreementsC. people who argue for somethingD. people who argue against something75. We may infer from the passage that .A. the author describes the case as it isB. the author is for economic growthC. the author is against continued economic growthD. the author is very much worried about the problems caused by continued economic growthV.Write a short paragraph in Chinese to explain the following passage. Translation is unnecessary.AWater pollution Attention for water pollution exploded in the 1980s.The oil spill of the Exxon Valdez showed many around the world just how horrible the effects of water pollution could be. However, even the Exxon Valdez spill barely touched the surface of the problem of water pollution. The ship spilt only 5%of the oil split that year, and oil is just one of many pollutants that people dump into the water every year,14 billions pounds of sewage, sludge, and garbage are dumped into the world’s oceans,19 trillion gallons waste also enter the water annually.BThe problem of protecting the environment from pollution and contamination by various types of discharges is now in the focus of attention all over the world. Together with the development of industry and transportation, and also with the growth in the assortment of chemicals, there is a continuous increase in pollution. This is a global process which has two principal aspects—pollution of the atmosphere and pollution of the aquasphere. The problem created by the continuous, accelerated pollution of the atmosphere, especially in the environment of large cities and industrial centers is extremely acute. At present hundreds of millions of tons of divers substances which are a source of harm to the health of people, plant life, and useful micro-organisems are discharged to the atmosphere. The volume of these discharges to the atmosphere is continuously increasing together with industrial growth; in the last decade the volume has doubled and in a number of large industrial cities and centers the concentration of harmful impurities is already impermissibly high and the level is dangerous for health and plant life.CEnvironmental problems are always interrelated. Sometimes a solution to one problem actually creates another problem. For example, when people are sick and dying from disease, it is natural to want to improve human health. when health is improved and infant mortality is reduced, a population explosion may result. To feed this growing population, natural habitats are often destroyed by turning them into farmland. As natural habitats are destroyed, the wild plants, predators, parasites, outbreaks of insect pests become more common. Farmers use pesticides to control the pests and protect the corps, but in the process the environment becomes polluted. The development of this entire cycle in itself consumes fossil fuel supplies that are becoming scarce. In addition, when fuels are burned, air pollutants are generated.。
高力份分散橙288液体染料制备、稳定性及染色性能
丝绸JOURNAL OF SILK研究与技术第58卷第1期高力份分散橙288液体染料制备、稳定性及染色性能胡会娜'，石瑜博'，朱亚伟'，肖瀛洲2（l.苏州大学纺织与服装工程学院，江苏苏州2l502l;2.诸暨市悦洲新型材料有限公司，浙江绍兴3ll803）摘要：高力份和稳定的液体分散染料制备存在技术上的困难，为制备高力份和稳定的分散橙288液体染料，文章研究了助剂对液体染料稳定性的影响，比较了轧烘汽蒸工艺和浸染染色工艺对涤氨纶针织物染色性能的影响。
结果表明：采用L229超支链聚合物能明显提高分散橙288液体染料的稳定性，优于其余超支链聚合物(LD20、LDl2、TS420)、乙二醇和甘油，分析了液体染料双电层的稳定机理。
制备的分散橙288液体染料采用轧烘汽蒸工艺和浸染染色工艺都能获得优良的染色性，仅需要采用热水洗的染色后处理工序，摩擦色牢度达4~5级及以上，是一种能免除传统还原清洗的短流程染色工艺,采用轧烘汽蒸工艺,涤氨纶针织物的顶破强度损伤较小。
关键词：液体分散染料;涤氨纶针织物;稳定性;染色;色牢度中图分类号：TSl90.2文献标志码：A文章编号：lOOl7003(202l)0l000805引用页码：0lll02D0I：l0.3969/j.issn.l00l-7003.202l.0l.002Preparation,stability and dyeing performance of high strength disperse orange288liquid dyeHL Huina l,SHI Yubo l,ZHL Yawei l,XIA0Yingzhou2(l.College of Textile and Clothing Engineering,Soochow Lniversity,Suzhou2l502l,China;2.Zhuji Yuezhou New Material Co.,Ltd.,Shaoxing3ll803,China)Abstract:There are technical difficulties in the preparation of high-strength and stable liquid disperse dyes.In order to prepare high-strength and stable disperse orange288liquid dyes,the effect of auxiliaries on the stability of liquid dye wasstudied，and the effects of rolling，drying and steaming process and dip dyeing process on the dyeing performance of polyesterspandex knitted fabric were compared.The results showed that the use of L229hyperbranched polymer could significantlyimprove the stability of disperse orange288liquid dye,which was better than other hyperbranched polymers(LD20,LDl2,TS420)，ethylene glycol and glycerin.The stability mechanism of double electric layer of liquid dye was analyzed.Theprepared disperse orange288liquid dye could obtain excellent dyeing property by rolling，drying and steaming process and dipdyeing process.0nly the post-treatment process of hot water washing was needed,and the friction color fastness reached Grade4-5and above.It is a short process dyeing process that could avoid reduction cleaning.The bursting strength of polyester andspandex knitted fabric was less damaged by rolling，drying and steaming process.Key words:liquid disperse dye;polyester spandex knitted fabric;stability;dyeing;color fastness与粉末状分散染料相比,液体分散染料在染料制造过程中可免除喷雾干燥，在染料应用过程中无粉尘污染和计量准确，以及废水排放量低和废水色度低等优势，是近几年研究的热点课题［l］。
he染色流程英文
he染色流程英文The process of dying textiles, also known as textilecoloring or dyeing, involves imparting color to the fabric through the use of dyes or pigments. This process can be done in a variety of ways, depending on the type of dye being used, the desired color, and the intended end-use of the fabric. In this article, we will discuss the general steps involved in the dyeing process.1. Pre-Treatment:Before dyeing, the fabric must undergo pre-treatment processes to prepare it for coloring. This includes processes like desizing, scouring, and bleaching. Desizing involves removing any sizing agents or starches that were applied to the fabric during the manufacturing process. Scouring removes any impurities or natural waxes present on the fabric, making it more receptive to the dye. Bleaching is done to achieve a uniform base color by removing the natural color of the fabric.2. Selection of Dye:Once the fabric is properly pre-treated, the next step is to select the appropriate dye. There are two main types of dyes: natural dyes and synthetic dyes. Natural dyes are derived from plants, animals, or minerals and are known for their sustainable and eco-friendly characteristics. Synthetic dyes, on the otherhand, are chemically synthesized and are widely used due totheir superior color fastness and availability in a wide rangeof colors.3. Dye Bath Preparation:The dye bath is prepared by dissolving the dye in hot water along with auxiliary chemicals such as salt, alkalis, or acids. These chemicals help in enhancing dye penetration, leveling, and fixation. The concentration of dye and the temperature of the dye bath are crucial factors that determine the final color achieved.4. Dyeing:Once the dye bath is prepared, the fabric is immersed in it. The fabric must be agitated continuously to ensure even dye distribution. The duration of the dyeing process may vary depending on the type of fabric, desired color depth, and dye used. The fabric may be dyed using various methods such as immersion dyeing, padding, or jet dyeing.5. After-Treatment:After dyeing, the fabric is subjected to after-treatment processes to enhance the color fastness and improve the overall appearance of the fabric. This includes processes like rinsing, washing, and fixing. Rinsing is done to remove excess dye from the fabric, while washing helps in removing any residual dye.Fixing involves treating the fabric with a fixing agent to improve color fastness, preventing the dye from bleeding or fading.6. Drying and Finishing:7. Quality Control:Throughout the dyeing process, quality control measures are implemented to ensure consistent color and fabric quality. This includes regular monitoring of dye concentration, pH levels, temperature, and agitation.。
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Ｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒ
ＴＩＡＮ Ｑｉｎｇ（田睛），ＣＨＥＮ Ｊｉ－ｈｕａ（陈季华），ＺＨＡＮＧ Ｈｕａ（张华） Ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ＆Ｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ Ｃｏｌｌｅｄｇｅ，ＤｏｎｇＨｕａ Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｓｈａｎｇｈａｉ ２０００５１
Ａ ｎｏｖｄ Ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｉｚｅｄ Ｅｎｒｉｃｈｅｄ ０ ，鲫Ｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ Ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄ Ｃａｒｂｏｎ（ＰＩ ＩＡＣ）ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｉｎ ｔｒｅａｔｉｎｇ ｓｃｃｕｌｌｄａｒｙ ｅｆｆｌｕｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｔｅｘｔｉｌｅ ｄｙｅ－ｐＯｕｔｉｎｇ＆ａｌｋａｌｉ ｐｅｅｌｉｎｇ ｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒ ｗａｓ ￣ａｌｔｌｇｕｒｅｄ．１ Ｐ】 ｌＡｃ ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ ｓｉｍｐｌｙ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ ｐｒ船ｓｕ他ｔｏ ｃｒｅａｔｅ ａｌｌ ｅｎｒｉｃｈｅｄ ｄｉｓｓｏｌｖｅｄ ｏｘｙｇｅｎ（ＤＯ） ｍｖｌｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ ｔｏ ｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｂｉｏａｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓ ｏｆｍｉｃｒｏｂｅｓ∞ＧＡｃ ｓｕｒｆａｃｅ ｆｏｒ ｒｅｍｏｖｉｎｇ ｒｅｆｍｃｔｏｃｙ￣￣ｇａｉｌｉｃ ｍａｔｔｅｒ．Ｒａｐｉｄ Ｓｍａｌｌ－ Ｓｃａｌｅｄ Ｃｏｌｕｍｎ ｅｓｔ（Ｉ ｓＩ：Ｔ）ｗ／ｉｓ ｃａｒｒｉｅｄ ｍｌｔ ｔｏ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｅ ｔｈｅ Ｉｓ饵脚ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ ｏｆ ｔａｒｇｅｔ ｓｔｒｃａｎｌ ｃｏｎｓｔｉＵａｍｔｓ，ａｎｄ ｏｖｅｒ ８Ｏ％ＯｏＤ。０删ｐ０Ｉ瑚ｌｔｓ ｗｃｒ￣ｐｏｌｌｙ ａｄｓｏｃｂａｂｌｅ ｗｈｉｌｅ ａｂｏｕｔ ８２．５％ｃｏｌｏｒ ｉｎｄｕｃｉｎｇ ｍａｔｔｅｒ ａｎｄ ８５％ＵＶ ｓｕｒｒｏｇａｔｅｄ ｍａｔｔｅｒ ＷＰＡ＇Ｃ ｒｅａｄｉｌｙ ａｄｓｏｒｂａｂｌｅ．Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ＝一ｈ加ａＩｌｏ瞄ｏｆ 煳Ｉ ＢＡＣ ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ ｕｎｄｅｒ ｃｏｎｖｅｎｔｉｏｎａｌ ＤＯ ｃＩＤＩｌｄ【ｉｔｉ∞，ｐｌ ａｃｈｉｅｖｅｄ ２０％，１０％ａｎｄ ５０％ｎｌ０ｌｒｃ ｌ＇ｅｍｏｖａＩ Ｉｎ ＣｏＤ，ｃｏｌｏｒ ａｎｄ Ｎ －Ｎ ａｂａｔｅｍｍｔ． Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ：ＰＲＢＡＣ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ．ｔｅｘｔｉｌｅ ｄｙｉｎｇ－ｐｒｉｎｔｉｎｇ＆ ａｌｋａｌｉ－ｐｅｅｌｉｎｇ ｗａｓｔｅ＇ｔ￣ｔｅｒ，ｅｎｒｉｃｈｅｄ ｏｘｙｇｅｎ ｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎ， ａｄｖａｎｃｅｄｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ。ＲＳＳＣ Ｗｉｔ｝ｌ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｐｏｌｙｅｓｔｅｒ ｄｅｗｅｉｇｈｔｉｎｇ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓ ｉｎ Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ ｔｅｘｔｉｌｅ ｐｌａｎｔｓ，ａ ｇｒｅａｔ ｄｅａｌ ｏｆ ａｌｋａｌｉ． ｐｅｅｌｉｎｇ ｗａｓｔｅ ｓｔｒｅａｍｓ ｃｏｎｔａｉｎｉｎｇ ｈｉｇｈ ｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈ ｒｅｃａｌｃｉｔｒａｎｔ ｏｒｇａｎｉｃ ｍａｔｔｅｒｓ ａｎｄ ｗａｓｔｅ ａｌｋａｌｉ ａｒｅ ｄｉｓｃｈａｒｇｅｄ．Ｔｈｅｓｅ ａｌｋａｌｉ－ｐｅｅｌｉｎｇ ｗａｓｔｅ ｓｔｒｅａｍｓ ａｒｅ ｎｏｒｍａｌｌｙ ｍｉｘｌｙ ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｄｙｉｎｇ・ｐｒｉｎｔｉｎｇ ｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒ ｂｙ ｐｈｙｓｉ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｃｏｍｂｉｎｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ａｎａｅｒｏｂｉｃ．ａｅｒｏｂｉｃ ｂｉｏ－ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ．Ｂｕｔ ｅｆｆｌｕｅｎｔｓ ｅｍｉｔｔｅｄ ｂｙ ｍｏｓｔ ｔｅｘｔｉｌｅ ｐｌａｎｔｓ ｉｎ Ｃｈｉｎａ ａｒｅ ａｌｗａｙｓ ｂｅｙ０ｎｄ ｄｉｓｃｈａｒｇｉｎｇ ｓｔａｎｄａｒｄｓ ａｎｄ ｒａｉｓｅｄ ｓｅｒｉｏｕｓ ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓＥ１，２］．Ｔｈｅｓｅ ｎｏｔｏｒｉｏｕｓ ｓｅｃｏｎｄａｒｙ ｔｅｘｔｉｌｅ ｅｆｆｌｕｅｎｔｓ（ＴＳＥ）ｎｅｅｄ ｕｒｇｅｎｔ ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒ－ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ． Ａｄｖａｎｃｅｄ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓ ａｓ ｍｅｍｂｒａｎｅ ｓｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ ｏｒ ａｄｖａｎｃｅｄ ｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ（ＡＯＰｓ）ａｒｅ ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎａｌ ｃｏｍｐｌｉｃａｔｅｄ ａｎｄ ｈｉｇｈ ｃｏｓｔ．ＴＩｌｅｒｅｆｏｒｅ－ｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ ａｒｅ ｓｔｉｌｌ ｓｉｍｐｌｅ ａｎｄ ｃｏｓｔ・ｓａｖｉｎｇ ｗａｙｓ．Ｂｕｔ ｅｘｉｓｔｅｎｃｅ ｏｆ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒｙ ｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｓ， ｉｎａｄｅｑｕａｔｅ ｂｉｏｄｅｇｒａｄａｂｌｅ ｏｒｇａｎｉｃ ｍａｔｔｅｒｓ ａｎｄ ｍｉｎｏｒ ａｃｔｉｖｅ ｍｉｃｒｏｂｉａｌ ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ，ａｒｅ ａｌｌ ｕｎｆａｖｏｕｒａｂｌｅ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ ｆｏｒ ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒ ｂｉｏ－ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ １ ．Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｖｉｅｗ－ｐｏｉｎｔ． ｇｒａｎｕｌａｒ ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄ ｃａｒｂｏｎ（ＧＡＣ）ｈａｓ ａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅ ｏｖｅｒｏｔｈｅｒ ｂｉｏ－ｍｅｄｉａ ｉｎ ｓｕｐｐｌｙｉｎｇ ｍｉｃｒｏｂｅ ａｂｕｎｄａｎｔ ｉｎｈａｂｉｔａｔｉｏｎ ｓｕｒｆａｃｅ ａｒｅａ ａｎｄ ｐｏｓｓｅｓｓｉｎｇ ｓｔｒｏｎｇ ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎ ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｍｉｃｒｏ－ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒｙ ｍａｔｔｅｒｓＥ ．５］．ＢＡＣ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ ａｒｅ
ｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｌｙ ｕｓｅｄ ａｓ ｐｏｌｉｓｈｉｎｇ ｕｎｉｔｓ ｉｎ ｗａｔｅｒ ａｎｄ ｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒ ａｄｖａｎｃｅｄ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ．ｉｎ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｐｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｓ ｃａｎ ｂｅ ｒｅｍｏｖｅｄ ｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｌｙ ａｎｄ ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌｌｙ ｓｉｍｕｌｔａｎｅｏｕｓｌｙ￣引．
Ｉｎ ｐｒｅｖｉｏｕｓ ｗｏｒｋｓ，ａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｍａｉｎｌｙ ｆｏｃｕｓｅｄ ｏｎ ｃｏ－ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ＂ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｂｉｏｄｅｇｒａｄａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ＢＡｃ［”． Ａｌｔｈｏｕｇｈ ｍａｎｙ ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｒｓ ｈａｖｅ ｒｅｃｏｇｎｉｚｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅ ０ｆ Ｄｏ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓＥｓ．９］，ｆｅｗ ｓｔｕｄｙ Ｗａｓ ｓｐｅｃｉａｌｌｙ ｍａｄｅ ｏｎ ＤＯ ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ ｆｏｒ ｐｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔ ｒｅｍｏｖａｌ ｉｎ ＢＡＣ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ ａｎｄ ｄｅｖｉｓｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ＢＡＣ ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ ｕｎｄｅｒ ｈｉｇｈ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ＤＯ．Ｔｈｅ ｒｅａｓｏｎ ｌｉｋｅｌｙ ｌｉｅｓ ｉｎ ｌｏｗ ｏｒｇａｎｉｃ ｌｏａｄ ｉｎ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ＢＡＣ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ。ａｎｄ ＤＯ ｅｎｒｉｃｈｍｅｎｔ ｍａｙ ｍａｋｅ ｎｏ ｏｂｖｉｏｕｓ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ ｔｏ ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｃ ｍ］．Ｂｕｔ ｉｎ
ａｄｖａｎｃｅｄ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ＴＳＥ，ｔｈｅ ｏｒｇａｎｉｃ ａｎｄ ｎｉｔｒｏｇｅｎ ｌｏａｄｓ ａｒｅ ｍｕｃｈ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｉｎ ｗａｔｅｒ ｓｕｐｐｌｙｉｎｇ，ｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｅ． ｔｈｅ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｅｎｒｉｃｈｅｄ ＤＯ ｂｅｃｏｍｅ ｐｒｏｍｉｎｅｎｔ． Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｓｔｕｄｙ，ｌａｂ－ｓｃａｌｅ ＢＡＣ ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｄｅａｌ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｃｏｎｄａｒｙ ｅｆｆｌｕｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｐｒｉｎｔｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｄｙｅｉｎｇ ｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒ ｍｉｘｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ａｌｋａｌｉ ｐｅｅｌｉｎｇ ｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒ．Ｈｉｇｈ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ＤＯ ｗａｓ ｍａｉｎｔａｉｎｅｄ ｗｉｔｈｉｎ ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ ｄｕｒｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｗｈｏｌｅ ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎ．Ｔｏ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ＤＯ ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ．ｔｈｅ ＢＡＣ ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ ｕｎｄｅｒ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ＤＯ ｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ａｓ ａ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ，ａｎｄ Ｓｍａｌ１．Ｓｃａｌｅ Ｃｏｌｕｍｎ Ｔｂｓｔ（ＲＳＳＣｒ）ｗａｓ ａｌｓｏ ｄｏｎｅ ｔｏ ｉｎｄｉｃａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ＧＡＣ ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｖｅ ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ ｒａｐｉｄｌｙ． Ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌ ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ ｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｐａｐｅｒ ｄｅｍｏｎｓｔｒａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅｓ ｏｆ Ｅｎｒｉｃｈｅｄ ＤＯ ＢＡＣ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ ｏｖｅｒ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ＢＡＣ ａｎｄ ｓｉｎｇｌｅＧＡＣ ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ．
Ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔ ａｎｄ Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ １ Ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌ ａｐｐａｒａｔｕｓ Ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ ｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｅｄ ｏｆ ｔｗｏ ｓｅｔ ０ｆ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｕｎｉｔｓ：Ｆａｃｕｌｔａｔｉｖｅ／Ｆａｃｕｌｔａｔｉｖｅ／Ｏｘｉｃ（Ｆ ０／Ｏ） ｓｅｃｏｎｄａｒｙ ｂｉｏ－ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｕｎｉｔ ａｎｄ ＢＡＣ ａｄｖａｎｃｅｄ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｕｎｉｔ．Ｔｈｅ ＢＡＣ ｕｎｉｔ ｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｄ ｔｈｅ Ｅｎｒｉｃｈｅｄ ＤＯ ＢＡＣ ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ （ＰＩ Ｃ）ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ＢＡＣ ｃｏｌｕｍｎ ａｓ ｃｏｎｔｒｏ１． １１１ｅ ｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃ ｃｏｍｂｉｎｅｄ ｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒ（ＴＳＥ）ｗａｓ ｉｎｉｅｃｔｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ Ｆ。／ｏ ｕｎｉｔ ｂｙ ｍｅｔｅｒｉｎｇ ｐｕｍｐ．Ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｆａｃｕｌｔａｔｉｖｅ ｓｔａｇｅ ｏｆ
Ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ Ｊａｎ．５，２００４ Ｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｅｎｃｅ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ａｄｄｒｅｓｓｅｄ ｔｏ ＴＩＡＮ Ｑｉｎｇ。Ｄｒ．，Ｅ－ｍａｌｌ：ｔｑ２００４（￣ｄｈｕ．ｅｄｕ．ｃｎ．
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