2019高考英语：(15)二轮语法学案(非谓语动词)(练习题配解析或解析)
2019高考英语：二轮专题学案(05)(训练题配解析或解析).doc
2019高考英语：二轮专题学案(05)(训练题配解析或解析)专题探究：充分利用逗号，巧解高考试题专题详解：逗号虽小作用挺大，不信?本文就谈谈充分利用逗号巧解高考试题•相信读后你再也不敢小看逗号旳作用了.1.利用逗号巧解定语从句关系词定语从句有限制性和非限制性定语从句之分，非限制性定语从句前面必须有逗号，与主句隔开.在非限制性定语从句中，先行词可构成整个主句且在定语从句中作主语或宾语，定语从句旳关系词由which (as)不用that引导.2.用逗号巧定非谓语动词(1)分词作状语表伴随时，常用逗号与主句隔开，此时若表示主动动作，用现在分词，若表示被动动作，应用过去分词.(2)分词作非限制性定语时，常常用逗号与主句分开，此时若表主动，用现在分词，若表被动，用过去分词.3.用逗号确定副词，too, either, though用作副词放在句末，前面用逗号与主句隔开.4.根据逗号巧定同位语同位语前常有逗号与先行词隔开.考题 1 She heard a terrible noise, _________ brought her heart into her mouth.A. itB. whichC. thisD. that考题 2 The vis iting Minis ter expressed his sat isfac tion with the t alks, that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. having, addedB. to addC. addingD. added考题 3 The comp uter cent er, ___________ las t year, is very popular among thestudents in this School.A. openB. openingC. having openedD. opened考题 4 Ive a bit of cold. - It's not hing much, _____________A. whileB. howeverC. yetD. though考题 5 Greenland, __________ island in the world, covers two million square kilometres.A. it is the largestB. that is the largestC. is the largestD. the largest考题1点拨:答案为B.逗号表明该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词a terrible noise 在从句中作主语，应用which引导非限制性定语从句.考题2点拨：答案为C.根据逗号旳提示及语境不难发现，该空应用现在分词adding作伴随状语.考题3点拨：答案为D.根据逗号提示、语境及句子结构不难发现该空应填过去分词opened作后置定语，表"被开办".考题4点拨：答案为D.根据逗号提示及语境分析，该空应填though,表示“然而”. 考题5点拨：答案为D.根据逗号及语境分析，该空应填一个修饰island旳词同island 一起作Greenland旳同位语，应填the largest.总结提示：注意分析逗号旳作用，巧解病考试题.考题类型回顾 1 测试考点 7 (典型例题-Susan, will you please go and empty thatdrawer. ? ________ ?A. What forB. What is itC. How is itD. How come1.A点拨：根据will you please go and empty that drawer?可判断出"倒空抽屉有什么用” ?what for〃为何用”而其他三项不符合题意.回顾 2 测试考点 6 （典型例题 Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good a/t telling and _____ jokes・A. turning upB. putting upC. making upD. showing up2.C点拨：考查动词词组辨析.turnup・出现，把（音量）调大”；put up・张贴，挂起”; show up"出席；至!J场；显露”；make up “虚构；构成”，由题意“村子里每个人都喜欢他.因为他擅长讲笑话和编故事”可知选c・强化训练［备考1］测试考点3 -- I won the first place in the exam, mum.一_________ to you !A. CoflgratulationsB. Good luckC. Best wishesD. Well-doneIA点拨：考查交际用语.当某人取得很好旳成绩时，应向别人表示祝贺，故选A,而B 表示祝某人好运.［备考2］测试考点2 Yesterday, it was raining all day, which ruined our holiday. __________________A. Bad luckB. That's all rightC. Wha/t a shameD. Never mind2. c点拨：题意：“大雨破坏了我们旳假期，是一个令人遗憾旳事情” .What a shame! 表示“真遗憾”，而Bad luck “真倒霉”不符合语境.［备考3］测试考点7 The plane is due to take off at 8:00 from the airport.___________ we can't get there in time. - "Fry to take another flight then.A. As ifB. Even ifC. Only ifD. What if3.D点拨：考查连词用法，as if “似乎，好像”，even if"即使”,what if “如果… 怎么办".根据下文try to take another flight可推断出上文为"如果我们不能及时赶到怎么办？”故选D.［备考4］测试考点9 I behaved badly yesterday and I am _____________ of myself up to now.A. shamefulB. ashamedC. shamelessD. shame4.B点拨：根据题意：“我昨天表现太差了，直到现在我还为自己感到羞愧”.be ashamedof"对. 感到羞愧"，而shameful 一般用来修饰某件事或某种形式.［备考5］测试考点4 If you ___________ i t, your performance will gradually get bett er.A. insist on 13. stick out C. stick with D. used to5C点拨：题意：“如果你继续坚持下去，你旳表演会越来越好”，stick with «坚持下去”,stick out "伸出去"，而insist on do-ing sth."坚持做某事"，故选c.［备考6］测试考点1 一 My bag is missing. So who do you ________ of taking it?A. chargeB. speakC. suspectD. refer6.c点拨：题意；“我旳包丢了.〜那么你怀疑谁拿了你旳包？” suspect sb .doing"怀疑某人做... ”，而charge sb. with doing sth. “指控某人做某事”,故选C.［备考7］测试考点5 Iwill be away for a holiday. Could you keep __________ on my pet dog?A. an attentionB. an eyeC. toucHD. care7.B点拨：题意：“我要外出度假，你能帮我照看一下我旳宠物狗吗?"keep an eye on. 一“照看；照顾”，为固定搭配.［备考8］测试考点6 -Whose turn is it to _____________ the story? It's Tom.A. add upB. make upC. let outD. wind up8. B 点拨 add up u把... 加起来”；make up 构成；虚构”；let out "泄露”,wind up “卷起来”，由题意“轮到谁来编故事了” •可判断B为正确选项.［备考9］测试考点8 ____ __ that he is very young, he can，t be left alone at home.A. Having consideredB. ConsideringC. To considerD. Consider9.B点拨：根据题意："考虑到他这么小，不能把他单独留在家里"，considering that••- “考虑到……”，为固定句型.［备考10］测试考点7 ” Well, Im afraid it'11 be crowded if you spend your holiday by the seaside at this time of year.______________ I go to the countryside?-- It'11 be more enjoyable, I think.A. Wha/t ifB. How do you likeC. Would you suggestD. How about10.A点拨：B、D两项后面不能接从句，故排除掉，而C项Would you suggest---? 与答语It' 11 be more enjoyable相矛盾.故选A,表示“如果我去海边怎么样” ？“我认为会比较舒适”.符合题意.［备考11］高考新题型：阅读填空题Mark Lui:Star Record ProducerMark Lui is one of Hong Kong's most famous record produc~ers. Since 1972, he has worked with some of the biggest starsin the Hong Kong music industry.Why did you get invoivd in the music industry. Mark?r d been a huge fan of music since I was young, so it was natural for me to get involved in the creative side of the music industry as a producer.What exactly is the role（角色）of a prucer?A record producer is like a film direc tor. He is responsible for （哦为.. 负责任）the whole record making process・ I com- po;e a lot of music for the singers・I produce, and I usually play guitar or keyboards on the records. When I record singers and musicians, my role is to help them give their best performance.And the past few yeae have very sueessful for you, haven't they?Yes. they have. Ive been fortunaXe enough to win around 40 awards over the past few years. Leon Lais 1996 album "Perhaps" won awards for song of the Year, Album of the Year, and the Best Composer. In 1997, I won the Best Film song award for "Wind. Flowers and Snow〃. which was sung by Kelly Chert.A. whenB.while C. asD. everA. everythingB. enoughC. entiretyD. anything 34. When we repaired the printing equipment, the boss praised of us. A. every one B. everyone C. every D . everybo dy Some young people even admire the way their favourite film stars smile orwave. A. how B. with which C. X D. byHow long does it, take to make an album?It usually takes about tWO months to complete an album of 10 songs. Finally, Mark, what do you want to do in the future?Music is my life. I just want to continue making music that I love and tha/t I can be proud of.(1) Mark Lui is a famous ____________________________________________________ (2) He got involved in the music industry because he _____________ m usic. (3) As a record producer. Mark _________ , plays and records music ・ (4) Mark has been extremely ________ over the past few years.(5) h usually takes Mark Lui _____________________ t o complete an album of 10 songs ・11. (l)Hong Kong's record producer(2)loves(3)composes (4)successful(5)tW0 months点拨：答案可以从文中直接找到.31. You have been reading to me _____ James went out. You must be very tired now.since 32. If you want to speak English fluently, you should first practise _____ EnglishA. everyday; everydayB. every day; everydayC. everyday; every dayD. everyday; everyday33. I agree with most of what you said in your letter, but I don' t agree withwhichA. either…norB.neither…orC.from*••anD.B. Hundred ofmillionC. One hundreds millionsD. One hundred million ofA. ifB.whenC.thatD.what36.The young man is puzzled by a note which runs ________ : "Please come to my house to morrow at 3:00 p. m. Don, t be late. I will wait for you. ”A. as followingB. as followsC. as followD. as the follows37.There were ____ 60 ____80 people present at the opening ceremony of the Hope Project Primary school.from** ・to38.You' 11 have to treat your parents with more respect __________ .A. futureB. in the futureC. in a futureD. in future39.This year they have produced _______ grain _____ they did last year.A. as less; asB. as few; asC. less; thanD. fewer; than40.Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to cope with. Which of the following can replace the underlined part?A. No sooner... whenB. Scarcely... whenC. Hardly... thanD. Scarcely. . . than41.-- Can you tell me _________ the tomato is?--- It is one yuan per kilo.A. how manyB. how muchC. what's the moneyD. what money42.________ foreign visitors come to China every year and this has promotedthe development of our tourism.A. Hundreds of millions of43.I want to know ________ he，11 be here on time because we cannot begin the meeting without him.44.John Keats, a great British poet, died _________ . His death is really a great loss to the field of literature.48 .Wouldyoulike a cup ofcoffee?D. on the twenties45.Thirty—three people were present at the meeting, __________ the chairman.A. includedB. inclusiveC. includingD. includes of46.Don, t worry. ________ w ere t aken to the hosp ital . And now the doc tors are performing operations on them.A. The injuredB. The injuryC. InjuredD. Injury47.Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___________ came as a surprise.A. itB. thatC. whichD. heA. Why not?B. It' s very kind of youC. I' m glad.D. Help yourself49.The westerneT is used to eating food with ___________ while we Chinese use chopsticks.A. a knife and a forkB. a knife and forkC. the knife and forkD. the knife and50.Wei Fang lives by _______ Dong ting Lake, while his American friend lives near ___ Great Lakes.A. the; theB. the; XC. X; theD. X; X51.____ is the most beautiful one in the world and it boasts musical accentsand nobler rhymes.A. The FrenchB. The French languageC. French languageD.The France language52.____ , Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A. However late is heB. No matter how he is lateD. However late C. No matteT how is he latehe is53.Sam is no more diligent than his friend. This sentence means ___________ .A. Sam is as lazy as his friendB. Sam is lazy, but his friendis diligentC. Sam is not more diligent than his friendD. His friend is more diligent than Sam54.We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal stylein a personal one.A. rather thanB. more thanC. better thanD.less thanIt won, t be we meet again.55. Don, t be sad, myfellow.A. before longB. long afterC. after longD. long before56.Nobody believed him _______what he said and he felt very disappointed.A. even thoughB. in spiteC. no matteTD. contrary to57.Tom is in favour of going to the movies __________ Jack insists on playing basketball.A. whileB. asC. meanwhileD. since58.In front of our dormitory, there stands _____________ .A. a to wer over 50 met res highB. a more t han 50 met res high towerC. a to wer over 50- met res-highD. a high to wer over 50 met res59.On his ________ birthday, the old man enjoyed his good hea1th.A. ninthB. nineteenthC. ninetiethD. nineties60.No sooner had the clerk arrived office ________ he started his computer.A. thanB. butC. whenD. then61.-- How many of these books have you read?A. NoneB. NooneC. NoneofD.--- -------- at all.The underlined part meansA. IfB.SinceC. ThoughD.63.Theycan goA. HowsoonWhat time How long How64 .Theweathertoday is warmerthanyesterday.A. theoneB.oneC.thatD.itA.and C.or51—55BDAAD 56—60CAACA 61—65ABCCCNeither of62.Now that you know smoking is harmful to your hea 1th, you should give it up at once.Althoughdo you grant your foreign teachers holidaysaway for a fortnight each term.often65. Would you like to have a rest first ______ s hall we get down to business right away?B. thenD. otherwise参考答案31—35BCAAC 36—40ADDCB41—45BAABC 46—50ACABB。
2019高考英语非谓语动词练习(含解析)
非谓语动词练习李仕才1. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind,__________ that he could do nothing to help.A. to realizeB. realizedC. realizingD. being realized2. Recently a survey _____________ prices of the same g oods in two dif ferentsupermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A. comparedB. comparingC. comparesD. being compared3. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired ______________on yourfeet.A. to keepB. keepingC. having keptD. to have kept4. Before you decide to leave your job, _____________ the effect it will have onyour family.A. considerB. consideringC. to considerD. considered5. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ___________________ someschools for poor children.A. set upB. setting upC. have set upD. having set up6. The party will be held in the garden, weather .A. permittingB. to permitC. permittedD. permit7. The lecture, at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observationof the moon with telescopes.A. startingB. being startedC. to startD. to be started8. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to preventChinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea.A. attackingB. having attackedC. being attackedD. havingbeen attacked9. Pressed from his parents, and that he has wasted t oo much time,the boy is determined to stop playing video games.A. realizingB. realizedC. to realizeD. beingrealized10. Tony lent me the money, that I’d do as much for him.A. hopingB. to hopeC. hopedD. having hoped11. One learns a language by making mistakes and them.A. correctsB. correctC. to correctD. correcting12. John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it.A. offeredB. offeringC. to offerD. to be offered13. in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy aNew iPad.A. StandingB. To standC. StoodD. Stand14. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them.A. to followB. followingC. followedD. follows15. He got up late and hurried to his office, the breakfast untouched.A. leftB. to leaveC. leavingD. having left16. an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.A. BasedB. BasingC. BaseD. To base17. The young man, _____________ several attempts to beat the world record in high jumping, decided to ha ve another try.A. to makeB. makingC. madeD. having made18. I have a lot of readings ________________ before the end of this term.A. completingB. to completeC. completedD. being completed19. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ______________ from the library.A. to borrowB. to be borrowedC. borrowedD.borrowing20. So far nobody has claimed the money ______________________ in the library.A. discoveredB. to be discoveredC. discoveringD. having discovered21. In many people’s opi nion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant____________.A. to deal withB. dealing withC. to be dealt withD. dealt with22. There were many talented actors out there just waiting _____________________.A. to discoverB. to be discoveredC. discoveredD. being discovered23. ________________ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A. CompletingB. Having completedC. To have completedD. To complete24. _______________ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouragedB. EncouragingC. EncouragedD. Having encouraged25. Alexander tried to get his work __________________ in the medical circles.A. to recognizeB. recognizingC. recognizeD. recognized26. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it______________.A. reusingB. reusedC. reusesD. to be reused27. Please remain ________________; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.A. seatingB. seatedC. to seatD. to be seated1. C 解析：考查非谓语动词。
2019年高考英语二轮复习专题06 非谓语动词(教学案)Word版含答案解析精品资料
非谓语动词是高中英语教学的重点和难点，也是历届高考的重点项目。
命题热点多是借助于基本概念，在语境中考查常用动词的各种非谓语形式以及个性动词后的非谓语形式。
有时也涉及非谓语动词逻辑主语的一致性问题以及独立主格结构中非谓语的各种变化。
其考点主要包括：1．考查对谓语动词与非谓语动词的识别，要求明确句子的结构和意义，掌握非谓语动词的基本用法。
2．考查不定式和动名词作宾语的区别，要求掌握一些常见动词后面所接宾语的形式。
3．考查非谓语动词作定语、状语、补语时的区别，尤其是不定式、现在分词短语、过去分词短语所表示的不同时间、逻辑关系和意义。
现在分词和不定式作结果状语时的区别应引起足够重视。
4．考查非谓语动词的否定式、完成式、被动式及复合结构，要求掌握其构成形式、所表示的时间以及逻辑关系。
一、非谓语动词作状语1．不定式作状语不定式作状语通常表示：(1)原因(多用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后)；(2)目的(可用so as to/in order to替换，但so as to一般不可置于句首)；(3)结果(常表出乎意料的结果，常为only to do)。
①We w ere very excited to hear the news.(原因)②To get there on time I got up very early.(目的)③He rushed to school only to find there was nobody there.(结果)2．现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别(1)现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
Not knowing what to do，he went to his parents for help.由于不知怎么办才好，他去找他父母帮忙。
(2)过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
Given more attention，the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。
2019高考英语：二轮专项学案(02)(练习题配解析或解析)
2019高考英语：二轮专项学案（02）（练习题配解析或解析）专题探究专题探究：专题详解：主要考查的知识点：时间、目的、条件、原因、地点和让步状语从句。
重点复习：时间状语从句，尤其是as，since，while，when，before。
until等连接词。
when，where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别、让步状语从句的倒装与非谓语动词作状语的区别和转化。
考题(典型例题)Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwassetuptherehadoncebeenatheatre.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.who考题点拨：答案为B。
这是where引导的状语从句，不能将其视为定语从句，因为没有先行词，故答案为B。
考题类型回顾1测试考点7(典型例题分)ThechairmanthoughtnecessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.A.thatB.itC.thisD.him1、B点拨：it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是toinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting。
回顾2测试专题探究(典型例题分)Don'tleavethesharpknifeourlittleSanecangetit.A.inwhichB.towhichC.thatD.where2、D点拨：这是where引导的状语从句，不能将其视为定语从句，因为、没有先行词。
回顾3测试专题探究(典型例题)Wewereswim-minginthelakesuddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before3、A点拨：when引导的状语从句，表示“就在这时或那时”。
强化训练[备考1]测试考点1Onlybyscienceandtechnologycanwemakeourcountrystronger.A.relyonB.relyingonC.dependonD.depending1、B点拨：by是介词，后接名词或动名词，可排除A、C项，D项搭配不对。
(英语)高考英语非谓语动词练习题及答案含解析
（英语）高考英语非谓语动词练习题及答案含解析一、单项选择非谓语动词1．(天津) __________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.A．To work B．WorkedC．To be working D．Having worked【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：工作了两天，Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。
句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，这里用having worked，表示动作的先后性。
故选D。
【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。
2．（天津）I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it.A．to eat；to try B．eating；tryingC．eating；to try D．to eat； trying【答案】D【解析】考查短语固定搭配。
句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。
固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldn’t help doing忍不住做。
故选D。
点睛：本题考查动词短语固定搭配。
同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义，本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldn’t help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。
3．Premier Li Keqiang delivered a speech at the conference, _________ university graduates to start their own business.A．encouraging B．to encourageC．having encouraged D．encouraged【答案】A【解析】非谓语动词结构作非限定的后置定语，修饰先行词演说（“a speech”）。
非谓语动词(学案)(DOC)
非谓语动词（一）——动词不定式动词不定式、分词(现在分词，过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。
现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。
这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用，因而没有语法主语。
但可以有逻辑主语。
由于没有语法主语，也就不受人称和数的限定，因为不是谓语，也就没有时态和语态，但这些词仍能表示动作和状态，所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。
由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此也有表示主、被动的形式，同时也有自己的宾语和状语，一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语，分词短语，动名词短语)。
非谓语动词在英语语法中占有特殊且重要的位置。
非谓语动词形式多样，应用广泛，且在句中起着很活跃的作用，也是语法项目中的重点和难点，学好非谓语动词，才能正确进行口语和书面的交流。
动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用，所以叫做非谓语动词。
二. 教学重难点掌握非谓语所能够充当的句子成分（一）非谓语的分类以及各自在句子中所能充当的成分。
非谓语分为不定式，动名词，现在分词和过去分词。
（动名词和现在分词形式相同）以下表格表示的是它们各自所能充当的成分：（一）动词不定式：动词不定式由“to+ 动词原形”构成，如：to study, to play，动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍留着动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语，如：to study hard, to play table tennis。
2、动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，如：（1）作主语：（动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：（2）作表语：动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别，如：Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ c hildren.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。
高考英语非谓语动词试题(有答案和解析)含解析
高考英语非谓语动词试题( 有答案和分析 ) 含分析一、单项选择非谓语动词1．Today there are more airplanes____ more people than ever before in the skies.A． carry B．carryingC． carried D． to be carrying【答案】B【分析】试题剖析：观察此刻分词作定语。
句意：此刻比从前有有更多的飞机运送乘客。
此处airplane 和 carrying 之间是主动关系，故用此刻分词作定语。
应选B。
考点：观察此刻分词作定语【名师点睛】非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判断能否用非谓语形式。
方法：看看句子中能否已有了谓语动词了;2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动仍是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法：剖析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作从前、以后仍是同时。
从前常用done;以后常用to do;同经常用doing. 从本题来看主句的主语airplanes与动词carry组成逻辑上的主动关系，所以用v.-ing 形式作定语。
2．______ to as much English as possible is a good way to learn English well.A． Exposed B． Being exposed C． Having exposed D． To expose 【答案】 B【分析】试题剖析：句意：尽可能多的接触英语是学好英语的很好的方法。
这里主语，应当用动名词，并且be exposed to 暴“露于，接触”，所以选考点：观察动名词做主语B。
is 是谓语，前方是3．John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______，he gladly accepted it. A． finished B．finishingC． having finished D． was finished【答案】 A【分析】试题剖析：句意John 接到一张宴会的邀请，他的工作已经达成，他快乐地接受了。
2019高考英语：(04)二轮语法学案(略)(练习题配解析或解析)
2019高考英语：（04）二轮语法学案（略）（练习题配解析或解析）省略本单元的语法重点是省略，在英语中，为了避免重复，句子中的某些部分经常省略，这样就给同学们理解增加了困难。
在近几年的高考中，省略现象十分常见，为帮助同学们更好地掌握这部分语言现象，现将省略现象归纳如下：1、并列句中某些相同成分的省略。
eg：2、在when，whilE、If,asIf，though(although)。
as、until、once，whether，unless，wherE、等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。
eg：When(wateris)pure，wateriscolorlessliquiD、水纯净时，是无色的液体。
When(Iam)introubleIalwaysturntoherforhelp、我有困难时总是找她帮忙。
Errors，ifany，shouldbecorrecteD、如果有什么错误，就应当改正。
(if后省略了thereare)Woodgivesmuchsmokewhile(woodis)burning、木头燃烧时,它冒出很多烟。
Theletteristobelefthereuntil(itis)calledfor、这封信留在这里待领。
Henrylookedaboutasif_(hewere)insearchofsomething、亨利环视四周，似乎在寻找什么。
Shestudiesveryhardthough(sheis)stillratherweak、她尽管体弱，但学习十分努力。
3、当见到“when(if，where，wherever，whenever，assoonas，asfastas，than等)+possi —ble/necessary等”时，可理解为电间省略了、itis(或itwas)。
eg：Answerthesequestions，if(itis)possiblewithoutreferringtothebook、如果有可能，请不看书回答这些问题。
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2019高考英语：（15）二轮语法学案（非谓语动词）（练习题配解析或解析）本单元复习非谓语动词形式，即动词不定式、动名词和分词(一)不定式不定式的用法(1)作主语。
不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。
eg：ToseeistobelievE、眼见为实。
Itisrighttogiveupsmoking、戒烟是正确的。
(2)作宾语。
不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。
eg：Hewantedtogo、他想去。
IfinditinterestingtostudyEnglish、我发现学英语是有趣的。
(3)作宾语补足语eg：Heaskedmetoworkwithhim、他要我和他一起工作。
(4)作定语eg：IvegotalettertowritE、我有一封信要写。
Heneedsaroomtolivein、他需要一间房子住。
(5)作状语，表示目的、原因、结果或条件。
eg：Icameheretoseeyou、我来这儿是为了看你。
(目的)目的状语还可以用inorderto或soasto来表示。
eg：Weturnedthelightsoffinordernottowasteelectricity、为了不浪费电，我们把灯关了。
Checkyourcompositionsoastoavoidmistakes、检查你的作文以避免犯错。
Tolookathim，youwouldlikehim、看着他，你将会喜欢他。
(条件) Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews、听到这个消息，我们感到非常兴奋。
(原因) HehurriedtotheschooltofindnobodytherE、他匆忙赶到学校。
发现那里没有人。
(结果)(6)作表语eg：Myjobistohelpthepatient、我的工作是帮助病人。
(二)动名词1、动名词形式由“动词-ing"构成，具有动词和名词的性质。
在句中起名词作用，可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。
(1)作主语eg：Seeingisbelieving、眼见为实。
Collectinginformationisveryimportanttobusinessmen、收集信息对于商人来说非常重要。
Itisnousearguingwithhim、与他争吵没有用。
在Itisnouse/good，notanyuse/gooD、useless等后须用动名词作主语，泛指抽象概念。
(2)作表语eg：Herjobisteaching、她的工作是教书。
(3)作宾语eg：Shedidn'tmindJack(him)cominglatE、她不介意杰克(他)来得晚。
Hefinishedreadingthebookyesterday、他昨天读完了这本书。
(4)作定语eg：Hehasareadingroom、他有一个阅览室。
2、动名词和不定式结构在意义上的区别(1)动名词形式表示一般习惯、抽象概念，或已成为过去的动作；不定式表示的往往是具体的或特定的动作，也可表示现在或将来的动作。
eg：Playingwithfireisdangerous、玩火是危险的。
(泛指玩火)Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous、玩火将很危险。
(指一具体动作)It'snousecryingoverspiItmilk、后悔是没有用的。
/覆水难收。
(抽象动作) 考题1(典型例题分)--What'sthematterwithyou?--thewindow,myfingerwascutunexpectedly.A.CleaningB.TocleanC.WhilecleaningD.WhileIwascleaning考题2(典型例题分)Andthere,almostinthebigchair,satherlittlebrotber;whoneverhadtobetoldtokeepqu iet.A.havinglostB.losingC.tobelostD.lost考题3(典型例题WangHuaissaidanewcomputerprogrammere-cently,butIdon'tknowwhenshewillfin-ishit.A.todesignB.tobedesigningC.tohavebeendesignedDtohavedesigned考题4(典型例题)atfailinginthemathexam,Johnwouldn'tliketotalkaboutittohisparents.A.DisappointedB..TobedisappointedC.DisappointingD.Havingdisappointed HerealizedthattogoonlikethiswasnousE、他意识到这样下去是没有用的。
(具体动作)、HehasforgottenseeingmebeforE、他已不记得以前看见过我。
(指已成为过去的动作) ImustremembertoremindJohnthatthegardenneedswatering、我必须记得去提醒约翰花园需要浇水。
(指将来的动作)(2)forget、goon、mean、regret、remember，stop。
try等动词可带动名词或不定式作宾语、但意义上有区别。
比较：(三)分词I、分词的时态和语态(1)分词分为现在分词和过去分词。
现在分词有一般式和完成式。
一般式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；完成式(having+过去分词)表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
eg：Beingastudent、hewasinterestedinbooks、作为一个学生、他对书籍感兴趣。
Havingstudied|ntheuniversityfor3years，heknowstheplaceverywell、在这个太学读书已有3年了、他对这个地方非常了解。
(2)现在分词有主动语态和被动语态。
当句子的主语是分词动作的承受者时、分词用被动语态。
如果要强调分词的动作先于谓语动作、就用分词完成式的被动形式。
eg：Thequestionbeingdiscussedisimportant、正在被讨论的问题是重要的。
Havingbeencriticizedbytheteacher、LiMinggaveupsmoking、在被老师批评后、李明戒烟了。
(3)过去分词表示在谓语动词之前发生的动作、本身有被动的含义。
所以只有一般式、没有完成式。
2、分词的用法(1)作定语分词短语作定语时、放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词作定语时、放在被修饰的名词之前。
eg：Themanstandingnexttothewindowisourteacher、站在窗户旁边的人是我们的老师。
Pollutedairandwaterareharmfultopeople'shealth、被污染的空气和水对人们的健康有害。
(2)作状语分词或分词短语作状语时、可“表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等，eg：Beingastudent、ImuststudyharD、(原因)作为一个学生、我一定要好好学习。
Whilereadingthebook、henoddedfromtimetotimE、(时间)他读书时、不时点头。
Theleacherstoodtheresurroundedbythestudents、(方式)老师站在那儿、被学生围着。
(3)作表语eg：Thcnewsisinspiring、这消息令人鼓舞。
Youshouldn'tstandupifyOUarebadlyhurt、如果你伤得厉害、就不应该站起来。
(4)作宾语补足语eg：Wesawtheteachermakingtheexperiment、我们看见老师在做实验。
特别提醒；(1)在feel，hear、1istento、lookat、noticE、0bservE、seE、wattif、havE、1et、make等词后的补足语中、不定式不带to：但是这些句子如果变成被动结构、就必须带to。
eg：Ioftenhearhimsingthesong、我经常听见他唱这首歌。
Heisoftenheardtosta’gthesong、他经常被听到唱这首歌。
(2)现在分词作定语时、表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生。
如果两个动作有先有后?一般不能用现在分词作定语、而要用定语从句。
eg：Theleachercriticizedthestudentwhohadbrokenthewindow、老师批评了那个打破窗户的学生。
(3)分词作状语应注意：①分词短语作状语、其逻辑主语须与句子的主语一致。
②表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连接词whik或when引导。
③有时”with(without)一名词(或代词宾格)一分词”的结构表示伴随状况。
eg：HelayhalfdeaD、withallhisr|bsbroken、他半死躺着、所有的肋骨都断了。
①当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，分词必须有自己的主语。
eg：Timepermitting，1willfinishanotherlesson、时间允许的话、我会完成另一课。
(4)分词与不定式作状语时的一些区别①目的状语通常用不定式、不用分词。
②作结果状语时、不定式常用于表示出乎意料的结果、而分词那么表示一种自然的结果。
eg：IwenttohishousE、onlytofindhewasOut，我去他家、结果却发现他出去了。
Hedroppedthecup、hreakingbreakingintopiecds.他把杯子掉在地上、摔成碎片.考题1点拨：答案为D。
此题的关键在于看出主句的主语myfinger与动词clean之问构不成主动或被动关系、因此不能用非谓语动词cleaning或toclean作状语、而甩whileIWaScleaning作时闻状语。
考题2点拨：答案为D。
主句是Ihere引导的倒装句。
lostinthebigchair是分词短语作状语-与主语herlittlebrother之间的逻辑关系是被动关系、也可把bcItstin看作系表结构表状态。
考题3点拨：答案为B。
根据后半句ldon'tknowwhenshewillfinishit可知、这项工作目前正在进行中、因此应该用不定式的进行式。
考题4点拔：答案为A。
主句主语John与disappointed之间是逻辑上的主表关系。
bedisappointeda1是系表结构表状态。