2010年10月全国自考英语(……

2010年10月全国自考英语（二）真题一、Vocabulary and Structure（10 points,1 point for each item）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. People working outdoors should especially____their skin from the sun.A. protectB. protestC. preferD. perfect答案：A2. Having this disease does not___mean that you will die young.A. necessarilyB. regularlyC. occasionallyD. automatically答案：A3. The author of the book benefited a lot___his readers’ criticism.A. toB. ofC. fromD. for答案：C4. We were delayed at the airport.___we would have been here earlier.A. SubsequentlyB. OtherwiseC. HoweverD. Consequently答案：B5. This article is said to be___to that one in style.A. superiorB. liableC. availableD. accessible答案：A6. Statistics show that the normal life___in China is now 72.A. predictionB. prospectC. spanD. forecast答案：C7. Lots of small businesses in that country simply cannot___to buy healthinsurance for their workers.A. deliverB. offerC. provideD. afford答案：D8. His speech at the ceremony will no doubt___his reputation.A. account forB. add toC. amount toD. allow for答案：B9. It is easier for young people to___to new environments than the elderly.A. activateB. adoptC. allocateD. adapt答案：D10. A vocabulary index is included for easy___.A. inferenceB. differenceC. conferenceD. reference答案：D二、Cloze Test（10 points,1 point for each item）下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. Many public libraries in the United States have had financial difficulties inrecent years because of cuts in federal and state government spending.11the sametime，the cost of books，wages of library workers，and even the cost of fuel to heat and cool library buildings have12.Some libraries have had to reduce the 13of hours they are open and dismiss some of their workers.The American Library Association says local governments have14more support toreplace lost federal and state money.It also says libraries have developed newoutside sources of money—businesses and private groups，for15.These new sources of money have helped although libraries cannot depend16them for major,continuingsupport.The American Library Association says17also increasing debate over the high cost of new computer services in libraries.Some experts say those who use these18services should pay for them.Many librarians19.They say library research services shouldremain free to all users.The new technology and its costs are causing many changes in Americas publiclibraries.20experts say the main purpose of the libraries will not change.Libraries will continue to provide knowledge and information for everyone.(1).(A). In(B). For(C). From(D). At答案：D(2).(A). risen(B). dropped(C). decreased(D). improved答案：A(3).(A). number(B). part(C). amount(D). sum答案：A(4).(A). presented(B). provided(C). rejected(D). reduced答案：B(5).(A). good(B). example(C). short(D). nothing答案：B(6).(A). for(B). from(C). within(D). on答案：D(7).(A). this is(B). there is(C). it is(D). that is答案：B(8).(A). inexpensive(B). costly(C). free(D). economical答案：B(9).(A). discontinue(B). disappear(C). dismount(D). disagree答案：D(10).(A). So(B). But(C). For(D). As答案：B三、Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points for each item）从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.With technological advances，the first half of the twentieth century saw a movement of workers away from agricultural to industrial production.The second half saw amovement from industrial production to services.So far，technological advances have not reduced our need for service workers.But what would happen if advances inartificial intelligence(AI)should greatly increase the productivity of serviceworkers，as suggested by the following scene?Andrea calls the doctor’s office with a medical concern.The doctor’s automatedtelephone system，in a friendly and personal voice，asks her a series ofquestions.Based on Andrea’s answers and in consultation with her insurer’s claim system，the doctor’s system directs her to a neighborhood lab for tests.At thelab，another automated system performs the prescribed tests，makes a diagnosis，and provides the appropriate medication，all while in contact with Andreas insurer.As the service is completed,the insurer pays the cost of the service.Andrea signs for any co\|payment，to be paid automatically from her bank account.Heading home，Andrea was happily spared from long waits and a hurried contact with the doctor.To anticipate the realization of such a scene and its timing，we should watch the industries with the most potential for early application of AI.These would be whereservices are already provided at a distance(airline reservations were an early example).Once widespread in these industries，AI will have built the necessary level of trust and acceptance to move into more and more service industries.The critical issue now is that such changes could lead to considerable reduction in service jobs at a time when people will want to(or need to)work longer.Services in the first half of the twenty\|first century might thus resemble manufacturing in the second half of the twentieth century，with considerable unemployment and significant incentives(诱因)for early retirement.If we are to minimize the panic，we need first to see it coming.(1). The main aim of the second paragraph is to show that___.(A). medical payment involves a complex process(B). more humans are available for services(C). AI will make services more efficient(D). several doctors are needed in a medical diagnosis答案：C(2). Airline reservations are an early example of___.(A). AI application(B). a face-to-face service(C). the prevalence of flights(D). AI reliance on humans答案：A(3). It is implied in the last paragraph that in the second half of the 20th century___.(A). a large number of employees lost their jobs(B). a lot of employees refused to do more work(C). numerous workers were forced to retire earlier(D). many workers were encouraged to work longer答案：A(4). The author’s attitude toward the future of AI is.(A). positive(B). negative(C). indifferent(D). objective答案：D(5). .It is possible that in the future___.(A). the need for service workers will be reduced(B). service industries will be out of business(C). AI will create more jobs for human workers(D). AI will limit industrial production答案：A2. Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.My drop-out started before I was born.My biological mother was a young，unwed college graduate student,and she decided to put me up for adoption.She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates，so everything was all setfor me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife.Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl.So my parents，who were on a waiting list,got a call in the middle of the night asking：“We have an unexpected baby boy；do you want him?”They said：“Of course.”My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school.She refused to sign the final adoptionpapers.She changed her mind a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.And 17 years later I did go to college.But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford，and all of my working\|class parents savings were being spent on my college tuition.After six months，I couldnt see the value in it.I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out.And here I was spending all the money my parents had saved theirentire life.So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK.It waspretty scary at the time，but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made.The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didnt interest me，and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.It wasnt all romantic.I didnt have a dorm room,so I slept on the floor in friends rooms，I returned coke bottles for the 5c/ deposits to buy food with，and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple.And much of what I stumbled into turned out to be pricelesslater on.(1). The expression"biological mother"refers to___.(A). ones mother through adoption(B). ones mother through birth(C). an unmarried mother(D). a mother working as a biologist答案：B(2). It is true that the author’s parents___.(A). worked as lawyers(B). adopted a baby girl(C). graduated from college(D). had no college degrees答案：D(3). The author quitted school mainly because___.(A). he had spent all of his parents’savings(B). classes in his college did not interest him(C). he wanted to make more money for his parents(D). he didn’t think his college tuition worth while答案：D(4). After the author dropped out of college，he___.(A). continued to pursue his interests(B). found satisfactory employment(C). lived on his parents’ savings(D). enjoyed selling bottles for a living答案：A(5). The author regarded his drop-out as___.(A). romantic(B). rewarding(C). disappointing(D). useless答案：B3. Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Electronic waste,also called e\|waste，has become an issue of serious concern to environmentalists as a growing number of electronic items are discarded inlandfills(垃圾填埋场)every year.Many consumers are not aware that electronics like computers and cell phones actually contain toxins that can enter the soil and damage the environment.Several nations have passed laws about e\|waste to try and keep it out oflandfills,or in landfills which are equipped to handle toxic materials.The heavy metals in e\|waste pose serious environmental and health risks.While many consumers are trained to think of things like cathode ray tubes(阴极射线管)as dangerous articles that require special disposal，most do not connect cell phones，for example，with beryllium， a toxic heavy metal which can cause severe damage to the lungs.In addition to the toxins it contains，e\|waste also takes a very long time to biodegrade，which means that it will be taking up landfill space for centuries.The question of what to do with e\|waste is a serious one.In the first world， many companies have begun to take steps to reduce the amount of e\|waste theypanies which manufacture electronics are starting to take items back when they are no longer useful so that usable elements like copper can be safely removed and the rest of the electronics can be safely disposed of.However,a large portion of unwanted electronics in the first world is being shipped to the third world. Sometimes this e\|waste is shipped under the cover of humanitarian(人道主义的)reasons，arguing that old technology can still help bridge the gap between first and third world.Slow computers which are not wanted in the United States，for example，might make a big difference to someone living in Africa.However, much of this equipment actually arrives in an unusable and broken state，and people desperate for money try to harvest usable materials such as valuable metals from donated equipment.Unfortunately,most of these individuals lack training in how to handle the dangerous materials used in electronics manufacture，and expose themselves and their communities to toxic chemicals and metals.(1). Laws about e-waste have been passed because___.(A). cathode ray tubes are not disposed of properly(B). enough landfills have been built to handle harmful materials(C). consumers are ignorant of the danger of cell phones(D). e-waste contains toxins and biodegrade slowly答案：D(2). It is implied in the third paragraph that___.(A). electronics manufacturers have the ability to deal with e-waste(B). most e-waste in the first world is properly dealt with(C). the usual practice in the first world is to recycle e-waste(D). copper in e-waste is not a recyclable element答案：A(3). The author believes that the unwanted electronics shipped to the thirdworld___.(A). arrives in broken state but is still usable to the poor(B). bridges the technological gap to a great extent(C). does more harm than good in fact(D). serves as a real humanitarian aid to advance technology答案：C(4). The passage mainly deals with___.(A). the dangers caused by e-waste(B). the safe ways to dispose of e-waste(C). the illegal transactions of electronics(D). the gap between first and third world答案：A(5). The word"toxins"(Para.1)probably refers to___.(A). cheap metals(B). electronic parts(C). poisonous substances(D). valuable elements答案：C四、Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。