沪江网校美式音标2015年2月班学习笔记整理

美式音标2015年2月班《导学课》的笔记：A a大写字母：句首，姓名首字母，地名，文章标题等情况下…apple 苹果A is for apple.One apple a day keeps the doctor away.（这句话不同的语境场合下有不同的意思）1.每天吃一个苹果，身体棒棒的不用去看医生。

2.如果每天都在玩“苹果”的设备那么你可能就荒废了学业拿不到你的博士学位。

B bbirthdayB is for birthday.Happy birthday to you!生日快乐！C ccakeC is for cake.It's a piece of cake to me!这事情非常简单对我来说小菜一碟。

D ddate 日期、约会D is for date.It's a date!一言为定。

E eeggE is for egg.Don't put all your eggs in one basket.不要把所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里，（意思是不要孤注一掷）F ffire 火F is for fire.You're fired.你被解雇了。

G gGold金子G is for gold.She is a gold-digger. 她是淘金的人（她是一个傍大款的人）H hHide 躲藏H is for hide.Let's play hide and seek.我们来玩捉迷藏吧。

I iice cream冰激凌I is for ice cream.Ice creams are my favorite!冰激凌是我的最爱。

J jJog慢跑J is for jog.Jogging is good for your health!慢跑有益健康。

K kKite风筝K is for kite.Let's fly the kite咱们去放风筝吧L lL is for light.You're the light of my life。

你是我生命之光M mmilkM is for milk.Don't cry for the spilt milk.不要为已经撒出的牛奶哭泣（不要为无谓的事后悔）。

N nnoN is for no.You need to learn how to say no.你需要去学习如何去拒绝别人。

O oO is for oh.Oh my God. 我的天啊。

(=OMG)P pPopular 流行，时尚P is for popular.Everyone wants to be popular.每个人都想变得流行（成为受人欢迎的那种人）Q qQueue 队伍Q is for queue.Don't jump the queue.不要插队R rRest休息R is for rest.You need to have some rest.你应该好好休息一下。

S ssorryS is for sorry.I'm sorry for doing this.我很抱歉我做了这样的事情T tteamT is for team.We'll play as a team.我们是一个团队。

U uumbrellaU is for umbrella.Take this umbrella with you.把这把伞带上，别淋湿了。

V vVictory胜利V is for victory.Let's celebrate our victory.让我们庆祝一下我们的胜利W wwill意愿，意向W is for will.Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竞成。

X xX-ray医院里的X光X is for X-ray. He had his chest X-rayed.他的胸腔照过X光Y is for yoga. 瑜伽Yoga is the study of balance通过学习瑜伽可以达到内心和身体的平衡Z zZebra 斑马Z is for zebra.We can find zebras in the zoo.我们在动物园可以看到斑马。

在26个英语字母中：元音字母：Aa Ee I i Oo Uu辅音字母：其他都是辅音字母。

ABC songA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z X Y Z Now you see I can say my A B C什么是音标？汉语——拼音英语——音标（注意音标和字母的区别）音标是初学者的发音拐杖International Phonetic Alphabets48个国际音标1. 发音要领+ 口型学习(Pronunciation)2. 故事串讲(Story Time)①单词带读②故事串讲③字母/ 字母组合发音规律④带读练习3. 练习时间(Practice)4. 发音技巧(More to Learn)Lesson One《A Big Piece of Pizza!》的笔记：两段绕口令1、Picky people pick Peter Pan peanut butter. Peter Pan peanut butter is the peanut butter picky peoplepick.挑剔的人会选择“Peter Pan”这个牌子的花生酱。

2、A big black bug bit a big black bear and made the big black bear bleed blood.一只大黑虫咬了大黑熊一口，让大黑熊流血了。

[i]发音要领：舌端靠近下齿舌前部抬高，略低于[i:]的唇形扁平，开口比[i:]略大，接近闭合。

[i:]发音要领：舌端靠近下齿舌前部抬高，不接触上齿龈唇形扁平开口很小，接近闭合。

My sister Liz is eating a meal at the mill. Liz正在磨房吃一顿饭。

It is a big piece of pizza that Liz is eating! Liz正在吃的是一大块披萨。

Her sheep "Peach" is sleeping on the beach. 她的羊叫“桃子”，正在沙滩上睡觉。

Sheep "Peach" is dreaming about a ship on the big blue sea!Peach梦到了广阔大海上有条船。

字母i通常发[i]的音；字母组合ee或者ea通常发[i:]的音（本套课程中字母/字母组合发音规律只针对于大部分情况下,有特殊的如pizza这里的i发长元音i:。

）eating a meal→My sister Liz is eating a meal.→My sister Liz is eating a meal at the mill.a big piece of pizza→It is a big piece of pizza.→It is a big piece of pizza that Liz is eating.sleeping→Her sheep "Peach" is sleeping.→Her sheep "Peach" is sleeping on the beach.dreaming→Sheep "Peach" is dreaming.→Sheep "Peach" is dreaming about a ship on the big blue sea![p]发音要领：清辅音双唇紧闭，气流从双唇冲出,声带不振动，发音送气[b]发音要领：浊辅音双唇紧闭，气流在口腔滞留,伴随声带振动发音不送气字母p通常发[p]的音, 字母组合pp通常发[p]的音，例如：happy字母b通常发[b]的音,字母组合bb通常发[b]的音，例如：rubberLesson two《How to Cook Food?》的笔记：[u:]发音要领：长元音,舌端离开下齿,舌后部抬高,唇形尽量收缩得小而圆,并且向前突出。

[ʊ]发音要领：短元音舌端离开下齿，舌身收缩，舌后部抬高双唇自然收圆，稍向前突出。

Tera: Pat, do you know how to cook food?Pat: We would better dine out, Tera. Put on your new blue shoes.Tera:Ok, I want to have a pudding and some tomato soup.And after that, I would like to buy two good books.dine out 出去吃字母u或字母组合oo或ou通常发[u]音，比如：look, could,food,wood；字母u或字母组合oo, ou, oe或ue, 通常发[u:]音，比如：zoo, route，soup, moose麋鹿,pool；[t]发音要领：清辅音舌尖轻触上齿龈，突然离开，气流从舌尖和上齿龈中冲出，发爆破音，声带不振动，发音送气。

[d]浊辅音舌尖轻触上齿龈，突然离开，气流从舌尖和上齿龈中冲出，发爆破音，声带振动，发音不送气。

字母t，或者tt通常发[t]的音，比如：water, butter（值得注意的是，在美音当中，当[t]出现在两个元音音素中间的时候，经常像[d]）字母d，或者dd通常发[d]的音，比如：food, middle绕口令How many good cookies could a good cook cook if a good cook could cook as many good cookiesas a good cook could cook?如果一个好厨师能够像一个好厨师一样做那么多饼干，那么他能够做多少饼干呢？《Mr. Hart’s hut 哈特先生的小屋》的笔记：a:长元音舌端离开下齿, 舌后部略抬高口张大，开口最大唇形自然成圆形。

ʌ短元音舌后部的靠前部分稍抬起舌端两侧轻触下齿, 舌头位置靠近[ə] 唇形扁平，放松Mr. Hart has a hut in the woods. After having supper, he took a bath.It got darker and darker outside.Mr. Hart shut the gate with the key in his pocket.All of a sudden, a squirrel showed up with a nut.after, bath 英音[ɑ:] 美音[æ]字母u，有时o和字母组合ou发[ʌ]音，比如：cup, bus, come, touch, hut, up, mud, bug；字母a或者字母组合ar通常发[a:]音，比如：half, hard, card, heart,dark；k清辅音舌后部隆起紧贴软腭然后突然离开,气流由舌后部和软腭之间冲出，发爆破音声带不振动，发音送气. g浊辅音舌后部隆起紧贴软腭然后突然离开,气流由舌后部和软腭之间冲出，发爆破音声带振动，发音不送气. squirrel 浊化现象[k] →[g]字母c, k 或字母组合ck通常发[k], 有时ch也发这个音，比如：pick, crow, stomach, kick, lock, geek; 字母g或字母组合gg通常发浊辅音[g]，比如：go, glad, bigger, fog, log ;got, dark→darker and darker→It got darker and darker outside.gate, key, pocket→the key in his pocket→Mr. Hart shut the gate with the key in his pocket.Jim: Kate, do you know how to kick football?Kate: What? I'm not a geek.Jim: Hey, Look! There's a log in the river.Kate: I don't think so. There's no lock in the river.Jim: Not a _lock with a K, but a log with a G!《4 Coffee or Vodka?》的笔记：[ɔ]短元音舌端离开下齿舌前尽量降低，后缩，舌后部抬高双唇稍稍收圆，开口大[ɔ:]长元音舌端离开下齿,舌后部抬高,唇形较圆，向前突出Fiona: Vivian, look! There is a man selling coffee in the van!Vivian: Ah, yes! Over there, on the port!Man: What would you like to have, a cup of coffee or juice?Vivian: A cup of coffee sounds fine. This is the very first time I see a mobile coffee van.How about you, Fiona?Fiona: I have seen it before. But I don't like coffee or juice. I prefer vodka.字母o通常发[ɔ]音，有时字母a也发这个音, 比如：Oxford, copy, watch, what, vodka, cock, fox, on, ; a, ar, ough 等字母组合发[ɔ:] , 比如：call, warm, bought, or, before, cork, fork;→What would you like to have?→What would you like to have, a cup of coffee or vodka?→Over there, on the port!f发音要领：清辅音声带不振动，发音送气,上齿放在下唇上，气流从上齿和下齿间的缝隙流出，上齿下齿摩擦成音；v浊辅音声带振动，发音不送气,上齿放在下唇上，气流从上齿和下齿间的缝隙流出，上齿下齿摩擦成音;字母f，字母组合ff通常发[f]的音，有时字母组合ph或gh也发这个音，比如：leaf, office, photo, laugh; 字母v通常发[v]的音，比如：vote, visit;coffee, van→sell coffee in the van.→There is a man selling coffee in the van!very, first, coffee, van→ a mobile coffee van.→the very first time, a mobile coffee van.→This is the very first time I see a mobile coffee van.Take a photo of us ,please.请帮我们拍张照。