[高中英语]2018版高中英语(人教版)必修2同步教师用书：Unit 4 单元尾核心要点回扣

单元尾 核心要点回扣Ⅰ.重点单词1．________v t .保护→________adj .保护的；防护的→________n ．保护2．________v i .回答；响应；做出反应→________n ．回答；反应；回应3．________n ．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯→________adj .仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的→________adj .残忍的4．________v t .影响；感动,侵袭→________n ．喜爱；感情→________n ．影响5．________v i .成功 v t .接替；继任→________n ．成功→________adj .成功的6．________v t .雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→________n ．雇主→________n ．雇员；雇工7．________n ．& v t .损害；危害→________adj .有害的→________adj .无害的8．________n ．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→________v ．使减轻；缓解9．________n ．灰尘；尘土；尘埃→________adj .布满灰尘的10．________adj .凶猛的；猛烈的→________ad v .凶猛地【答案】 1.protect ；protective ；protection2．respond ；response 3.mercy ；merciful ；merciless4．affect ；affection ；effect 5.succeed ；success ；successful 6.employ ；employer ；employee7．harm ；harmful ；harmless 8.relief ；relieve9．dust ；dusty 10.fierce ；fiercelyⅡ.重点短语1．die ⎩⎨⎧因……而死(声音，风，光线等)慢慢变弱或逐渐平息 灭亡；(风俗，习惯等)逐渐消失2．come into ⎩⎨⎧形成，产生；开始存在生效 开始执政；上台3．respond ________回应……；对……做出反应in response________响应；反应4．show mercy________怜悯某人have mercy________对……表示怜悯________the mercy of 任凭……摆布；在……支配中________mercy 残忍地【答案】 1.of/from ；away ；out 2.being ；effect ；power 3.to ；to 4.to ；on ；at ；withoutⅢ.重点句式1.“Please take me to a distant land ________ (在那里)I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.”2. It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help __________________(按照野生生物基金会的建议)．3. After a while she saw some zebra __________________________________ (它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹)．4. They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, ________(早得多) humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.【答案】 1.where 2.as the WWF suggests 3．with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs 4.long beforeⅣ.回顾话题尽可能多地用本单元所学到的词汇和句式翻译下面的短文.尊敬的市长,如果您能帮我们保护我们的土地不因城市的扩张而减少,我将非常感激.我们的生活受到了很大影响.我希望您能尽早做出回应,这样,我们就能成功保住我们富饶的土地了.________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】Dear Mayor,I would appreciate it if you could pay attention to the protection of our land from being lost because of the expanding of the city.Our life is really affected.I hope you can respond quickly,so that we'll succeed in getting back our fertile land.单元综合测评Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)AAn incredible dog has mastered more than just the doggy paddle (狗刨式游泳)—the golden brown pet helps disabled children learn how to surf. Ricochet's owner Judy Fridono said, “I was working with her at balance and coordination. Her balance is so good that she can help to stabilize the board for the kids. And it makes them feel good to know that Ricochet is there with them, keeping them company. ”Since becoming an expert, two-year-old Ricochet helps the disabled children build up the confidence to get on the board themselves. Dressed in a yellow jacket, Ricochet helps to counter-balance the board and acts as a reassuring presence.Ms. Fridono knows what an impact her beloved dog can have. She herself was severely disabled since her teens. Having Ricochet around lifts her spirits, and inspires her to conquer her pain to get on the board. “Ricochet has taught me to focus on what I can do, rather than what I can't,” she said.One of those who have benefited from Ricochet's skills is six-year-old Ian McFarland. In 2008 a car crash left him with brain damage. Although he had loved surfing before the accident, he was too nervous to go back into the water. His fear turned to excitement, when he was told he could try a tandem (双人) surf session with Ricochet. Their session was a success and by the end of it, Ian was smiling from ear to ear. As well as providing treatments, Ricochet also raised ￡5,000 to help continue Ian's recovery.Over the last 10 months, Ricochet's excellent performances on the sea have raised more than ￡30,000 for a number of charity causes (慈善事业)．【语篇解读】本文介绍了一只会帮助残障孩子冲浪的小狗.1. According to the passage, Ricochet is ________.A．a doctor B．a dogC．a dog owner D．a disabled boy【解析】细节理解题.综合分析全文可知Ricochet是一只会冲浪的狗.【答案】 B2. What role does Ricochet play according to the passage?A．She acts as a pet to please its owner.B．She encourages children to love animals.C．She helps the disabled children learn to surf.D．She works as a guide dog for the blind.【解析】细节理解题.从第一段可知,Ricochet会帮助残障的孩子们学习冲浪.【答案】 C3. Ian McFarland considers Ricochet's work to be ________.A．challenging B．doubtfulC．attractive D．satisfying【解析】推理判断题.从第四段可知,Ricochet成功地使Ian McFarland敢于再次下海冲浪,对此他很满意.【答案】 D4．What's the message conveyed in the passage?A．Dogs are good friends of human beings.B．People should try to protect animals.C．There are many ways to improve our health.D．The disabled shouldn't be looked down upon.【解析】推理判断题.综合分析文章可知答案.【答案】 A 【导学号：97892059】BResearchers recently made a survey about how people know trees in the UK.They showed them pictures of ten of Britain's most popular types of trees.They asked them to name each. Many British people cannot give the right answers.One in twenty people questioned could not name any of the Britain'scommon_trees. Horse chestnut and oak are very common in Britain. Britons can see them everywhere from parks and gardens to the countryside and forests. But 5% of Britons could not name the two types of trees.While older people are more likely than younger adults to name Britain's local trees, the knowledge is not being passed down.Over 70% parents say they have never taught their children the names of trees or asked them about what they may have learnt at school or elsewhere.“It is very disappointing to learn that people know very little about British trees,” said one of the researchers.【语篇解读】这是一份调查报告.研究者们经过调查发现很多英国人不认识自己国家常见的树木,尽管年长的人认识的树木比年轻人多,但是这些知识却很少传承下去.5．What does this passage mainly talk about?A．Many Britons cannot name trees.B．A scientific survey.C．Parents should teach their children.D．People know very little about Britain.【解析】主旨大意题.根据文章的第一段和最后一段可知,全文主要讲述了很多英国人不认识自己国家的常见树木的事情.【答案】 A6. How many people could not name any of the common trees if 200 people were surveyed?A．140. B．20.C．100. D．10.【解析】细节理解题.根据第二段第一句话One in twenty people questioned could not name any of the Britain's common trees.可知,1/20的被调查的人说不出任意一种英国常见树木的名字,由此可知,如果被调查的人数是200,那么200×1/20＝10.【答案】 D7. We can know from the passage that ________.A．the ten types of Britain's most popular trees can only be seen in thecountrysideB．horse chestnut and oak are two kinds of animals seen everywhere in Britain C．older people in Britain may know more about the local trees than the younger onesD．70% of the people questioned cannot name the ten types of Britain's most popular trees【解析】推理判断题.根据第三段可知,尽管年长的人比年轻一些的更有可能认识英国本地的树木,但是这方面的知识并没有传承下去,故C项表述正确.根据第二段可知A、B两项表述错误,而D项中的数字并不是不认识十种最常见树木的人所占的比例.【答案】 C8. This passage may be taken from________.A．a newspaper B．a dictionaryC．a scientific report D．a textbook【解析】推理判断题.这篇文章是有关社会调查的,可能会出现在报纸上.【答案】 ACMany people like traveling, but they cannot take their dogs wherever they go. Some people let their dogs stay alone at home while others ask someone else to take care of their pets. If you're leaving your beloved pet at home for a holiday, it can turn into a bad experience. Luckily, you don't have to worry about your dogs any more because Rover can cover for you while you are on leave. Rover is the latest service to offer at-home dog boarding. It's a good alternative (替代物)to boarding your dog at a dog boarding kennel(狗舍)or your neighbor's house.The way Rover works is sort of like Airbnb.Dog owners browse the “search” section of the site or app for pet sitters, which can be organized by zip code and available dates. Information of pet sitters is provided, complete with many reviews, specific services and rates. Now Rover has over 25,000 pet sitters in more than 5,000 US cities. And they're all experienced pet sitters.After finding someone that meets your needs, just send messages to the pet sitter to arrange a meeting. Then, like Rover says, all that is left to do is relax! Rover's pet sitters are encouraged to send text and picture information throughout the day, and ifthere's a medical emergency, the site will send a vet. Besides, don't worry about a pet sitter who falls through, because someone else will soon take his or her place.Happy doggie, happy travels—that sounds good to us. To learn more about Rover, click here.【语篇解读】Rover给人们提供宠物狗照管服务,让人们可以放心地去旅游.9．What kind of service does Rover mainly provide?A．Telling people where to travel to.B．Providing information about dogs.C．Helping parents look after their kids.D．Helping people take care of their dogs.【解析】细节理解题.根据第一段的Rover is the latest service to offer at-home dog boarding.可知,Rover主要给人们提供宠物狗照管服务.【答案】 D10．According to Paragraph 2, we can know about a pet sitter through________ .A．sending emailsB．making phone callsC．asking other dog ownersD．looking at information on Rover【解析】细节理解题.根据第二段的Information of pet sitters is provided, complete with many reviews, specific services and rates.可知,可以在这个网站上看到负责照看狗的这个人的信息.【答案】 D11．What is a Rover pet sitter encouraged to do?A．Walk the dog every day.B．Learn some first aid skills.C．Call the pet owner anytime.D．Provide the latest information about the dog.【解析】细节理解题.根据第三段的Rover's pet sitters are encouraged to send text and picture information throughout the day可知,负责照看狗的这个人被鼓励及时提供有关狗的信息.【答案】 D12．The passage is written to ________ .A．advertise a websiteB．advertise a serviceC．encourage people to travelD．introduce some pet sitters【解析】写作意图题.根据文章内容可知,作者主要在为一项宠物狗照管服务做广告.【答案】 BDShopping online in search of a bargain(便宜货)can often leave you feeling disappointed or out of pocket rather than satisfied. You can avoid this by following our simple advice：PRODUCT—Before you look for the cheapest price you need to decide what product you actually want. You can do this by researching online, the easiest way is to Google for different products so that you can decide on what would be best for you.SEARCH & COMPARE—You are now ready to use a comparison website to try and find out the best prices.You should never just use one comparison website, using two or more will give you a balanced view of the parison websites are necessary.You need to first check out what kind of technology a site uses. Although the idea behind Froogle(now called Google Products) is attractive, the technology it uses is not as advanced as sites such as Kelkoo and Pricerunner.Froogle uses a regular search engine.And don't expect price comparison sites to be a sure-fire way of getting a bargain. The sites will only show products from companies who pay them. This is not necessarily a bad thing—suppliers value their reputation (名声) and their business relationships.AND SEARCH AGAIN —Before you buy you should search the product using a price comparison service, then try again just using a standard search engine—it might find the product with a cheaper price.If you use Firefox to surf the web then there's an add-on (附加的) tool that youcan download which finds the cheapest price for a product for you.It is called the Invisible Hand and it is free to download. For example, if you're shopping online at Amazon, the Invisible Hand will pop up and tell you that it is ￡56 cheaper at Dixons.The tool will only work when you are looking at products, so it shouldn't disturb your day to day Internet surfing. The add-on is supported by well-known brands (品牌) such as BT, Comet and HMV but obviously it won't search every single site out there, so it is still best to use a comparison site in addition to the tool.【语篇解读】本文作者就怎样能更好地在网上淘到廉价货向我们提出了几条建议.13．According to the passage,how to decide what product to buy?A．By shopping online.B．By searching online.C．By looking for the cheapest price.D．By deciding which is best.【解析】细节理解题.由第二段可知“想要决定自己真正想买的东西最容易的方式就是通过Google等搜索引擎在线搜索不同的物品,以便做出最佳的选择”.【答案】 B14. We can learn from the passage that ________.A．we don't need to use two or more comparison websitesB．comparison websites often give us wrong views and choicesC．all the search engines are the same advancedD．different comparison websites use different technologies【解析】推理判断题.由第三、四段可知A项错在don't need,B项错在wrong,C项错在the same,尤其第四段通过例证说明不同的“比较网站”使用的是不同的搜索引擎技术.【答案】 D15. What's the BEST title of the passage?A．How to Find Perfect Bargains OnlineB．How to Use Search EnginesC．Different Websites in the WorldD．Online Shopping's Advantage【解析】主旨大意题.由第一段开篇点题和总览全文内容及其结构后可知,本文主要提供了几种建议,以便让读者学会更好地在网上淘到廉价货.故A项最全面最准确.【答案】 AⅡ.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)Have you ever seen an animal being mistreated (虐待)? Seeing a pet or wild animal get hurt might make you sad, angry, or afraid.__16__In fact, the good news is that everyone — including you — can be a helping hand for animals.Keep your eyes and ears open.__17__ Watch for changes in the way they look or act. Look out for animals who：﹡have cuts or other bruises(伤痕)﹡avoid or attack people when people come close﹡are too thin﹡are missing fur﹡are almost always left outsideThese signs don't necessarily mean a pet has been hurt on purpose, but they shouldn't be ignored.If you see any of these signs, set them down.___18__What did you see or hear? Where? When? Were other people around?__19___Never move an injured animal! Ask a parent, teacher, or other adult you trust for help. Find out whether the injured animal in your town can be saved by animal shelters or police. Keep their phone numbers at hand.If the person mistreating animals is a friend or family member, tell an adult you trust.Speak up.Let other kids know what to do if they see an animal being hurt. Using the information above, make posters to hang or flyers (传单) to hand out at school. Include the phone numbers of the police department or animal shelters who can save the injured animals.__20__They need us to speak up for them!A．Report it.B．Send it to animal shelters.C．Animals are friends of human beings.D．Get to know pets in your neighborhood.E．You might think there's nothing you can do.F．Remember, animals can't speak for themselves.G．Or if you see someone hurting an animal, write down the details.【答案】16—20EDGAFⅢ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分,满分30分)Every morning, Catherine takes exercise around some gardens in our neighborhood.One morning, she was walking __21__than usual, and it was still dark.As she was walking,a cyclist(骑自行车的人)came up to her, __22__her handbag and sped off. She__23__him shouting “thief, thief”. A man further ahead must have __24__ her or seen what had happened.He was washing a car with a bucket(桶)of __25__ near him. He took the bucket and poured(倒)it onto the cyclist.The cyclist drove off the street and ___26__ his bike. Some other people rushed over. My friend Catherine was __27__that the people would beat him. She begged them not to ___28__ him.She asked the boy__29__ he did this to her. He __30__ that he was the son of a __31__ and that this year their crops had__32__.He said that the money lenders would beat up his father and hurt his __33__ if he didn't pay on time. He said that he was hopeless and didn't know what else to do. He was very __34__.Catherine was __35__ moved by his story. She looked into the boy's eyes and then took out some __36__ from her handbag and gave it to him. She told him that stealing was __37__ and that he shouldn't do it again. He said he would follow her __38__. He told her that he was in fact well brought up and that he had made a terrible __39__.The boy left thankfully. Catherine sincerely__40__ that this would be the last time that the boy tried to steal something.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,清晨锻炼而遭遇抢劫的Catherine在得知事情的真相后耐心地教育因一时糊涂而做蠢事的小男孩.21．A.better B．fasterC．longer D．earlier【解析】根据本空后的“and it was still dark.”可知,早晨天还没亮,由此可见,那天早晨Catherine比平时早(early)一些出门,故D项正确.【答案】 D22．A.took B．threwC．cut D．wanted【解析】根据本空后的“sped off”可知,那个人抢(take)了Catherine的手提包跑掉了,故A项正确.【答案】 A23．A.went through B．ran afterC．turned to D．looked at【解析】上文说那个人抢过Catherine的手提包拔腿就跑,此处是说Catherine大喊着追赶(run after)那个人,故B项正确.【答案】 B24．A.heard B．knownC．helped D．caught【解析】上文说Catherine大喊抓贼,再结合本空后的“or seen what had happened”可知,前面的这个人一定是听到(hear)了Catherine的呼喊或是看到了事情发生的那一幕,故A项正确.【答案】 A25．A.paint B．oilC．sand D．water【解析】根据本空前的“washing a car”可知,这个人在用水(water)刷车,故D 项正确.【答案】 D26．A.fell off B．looked forC．threw away D．got on【解析】根据本空前的“He took the bucket and poured it onto the cyclist.The cyclist drove off the street”可知,那个抢手提包的人受水泼后跌跌撞撞,最后从车子上跌落下来(fall off),故A项正确.【答案】 A27．A.satisfied B．worriedC．surprised D．pleased【解析】根据本空后的“the people would beat him”可知,Catherine担心(worried)人们会打那个贼,故B项正确.【答案】 B28．A.respect B．killC．praise D．hurt【解析】上文说Catherine担心人们会打那个贼,所以她请求人们不要伤害(hurt)他,故D项正确.【答案】 D29．A.why B．howC．when D．whether【解析】根据本空后的“he did this to her”及下文男孩的解释可知,Catherine 问他为什么(why)这样做,故A项正确.【答案】 A30．A.promised B．agreedC．explained D．suggested【解析】上文说Catherine问小男孩为什么这样做,此处是他的解释(explain),故C项正确.【答案】 C31．A.teacher B．bossC．farmer D．worker【解析】根据本空后的“their crops”可知,小男孩说自己的爸爸是农民(farmer),故C项正确.【答案】 C32．A.disappeared B．failedC．developed D．changed【解析】根据文章语境,特别是下文中的“if he didn't pay on time.”可知,小男孩说今年粮食收成不好(fail),故B项正确.【答案】 B33．A.friends B．feelingsC．neighbors D．family【解析】根据本空前的“beat up his father”可知,小男孩说如果不能按时还钱,债主会殴打他的爸爸并伤害他的家人(family),故D项正确.【答案】 D34．A.sorry B．cleverC．thirsty D．excited【解析】根据本空前的“He said that he was hopeless and didn't know what else to do. ”可知,小男孩无奈之下才做出这样的事情,他感到很对不起(sorry),故A 项正确.【答案】 A35．A.mostly B．deeplyC．hardly D．exactly【解析】根据本空后的“moved by his story”可知,Catherine被这个故事深深地(deeply)感动了,故B项正确.【答案】 B36．A.food B．fruitC．drink D．money【解析】根据本空后的“from her handbag and gave it to him.”可知,Catherine 从手提包里拿出一些钱(money)给小男孩,故D项正确.【答案】 D37．A.easy B．dangerousC．wrong D．common【解析】根据本空后的“he shouldn't do it again”可知,Catherine告诉小男孩偷东西是不对的(wrong),故C项正确.【答案】 C38．A.advice B．encouragementC．step D．order【解析】上文Catherine告诉小男孩不应该再偷东西,小男孩说自己会听从她的劝告(advice),故A项正确.【答案】 A39．A.living B．storyC．joke D．mistake【解析】根据语境可知,此处是说小男孩承认自己犯了一个错误(mistake),故D项正确.【答案】 D40．A.realized B．hopedC．imagined D．decided【解析】根据本空后的“that this would be the last time that the boy tried to steal something.”可知,Catherine希望(hope)这是小男孩最后一次偷东西,故B项正确.【答案】 BⅣ.语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)Based on recent researches,distance learning is slowly proving as 41.________(value) as the traditional campus based form.It is a fixed truth that this form of learning is 42.________ the increase.Moreover,both students and teachers have expressed their 43.________(happy)with these courses.The best part of distance learning courses is their flexible format. Students can continue44.________(work)and study at the same time without any kind of difficulty.You will45.________ (provide)with the facilities of a virtual(虚拟的)classroom and a virtual campus. Anyone 46.________upgrades their professional knowledge to a new level can apply for these courses. With an online study format,the tests and notes can be 47.________ (access)with just a mouse click from your home computer. However, a student 48.________(attend)an online course must take the time management 49.________(serious). Every online student must keep 50.________ in mind that proper management of time and study schedule is the key towards success in this format.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了远程学习的一些优势和益处.41．valuable as...as...结构中用形容词原级.42．on on the increase“在增长”.43．happiness根据前面的their可知用名词形式.44．to work continue to do sth.“继续做某事”.45．be provided根据语境可知是被提供.46．who/that定语从句修饰anyone.47．accessible be之后用形容词形式.48．attending student和attend之间是主谓关系,因此用现在分词形式.49．seriously take...seriously“认真对待……”.50．it it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是that引导的从句. 【导学号：97892060】Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分)I went to Tibet with my parents last summer vacation.We started out from Beijing in the early morning of August 15th.In the afternoon,we arrive in Lhasa.The next day we visited many famous spot,and of which the Potala Palace attracted me strongly.On the third day,we went to the world-famous hot springs,Yangbajing,which we took a bath and we both felt relaxed after a tiring day.We had very good time there.Be away from the noisy city life made us feel great.I was so much impressed by the nature beauty of Tibet and hoped that I could visit them again.【答案】I went to Tibet with my parents last summer vacation.We started out fromBeijing inon the early morning of August 15th.In the afternoon,wearrivearrived inLhasa.The next day we visited many famous spotspots,and of which the Potala Palaceattracted me strongly.On the third day,we went to the world-famous hotsprings,Yangbajing,∧in或whichwhere we took a bath and webothall felt relaxed after a tiringday.We had ∧a very good time there.BeBeing away from the noisy city life made usfeel great.I was so much impressed by the naturenatural beauty of Tibet and hoped that Icould visit themit again.Ⅵ.书面表达(满分25分)假如你是李华,你上周日去动物园,看到游客对动物乱扔石头,甚至往一头熊的头上泼水,对此你感到非常气愤.现在请你用英语就此事给某报社编辑写封信,提出你的建议,并请求该报帮着呼吁人们保护和爱护动物.要求：词数100左右.参考词汇：泼pour对待treatDear Editor,_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________Yours sincerely,Li Hua 【参考范文】Dear_Editor,Here I write to tell you about my experience in the zoo last Sunday. I feel terribly sorry and ashamed of what people did to the animals.There were many animals kept in the zoo and it seemed that they were not being treated well. I saw many visitors throw some stones at them and some visitors even poured water onto a big bear's head. Some people just looked and laughed, but no one thought those actions were wrong.I think it's time that we should do something. First, we should make people know animals are our friends and important to us. Second, anyone who treats animals badly should be fined. Third, if people can't stop doing so,my suggestion is that these animals be set free in nature.I hope you can help educate people to love and respect animals. Thank you.Yours_sincerely,Li_Hua。